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Secrets of Body Language

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    A walk to convey power.
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    A greeting that gets the upper hand.
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    A gesture that can hide a lie.
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    Body language can betray us.
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    When a president's under pressure.
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    Or celebrities in the media glare.
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    Look beyond the words.
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    Their body language says it all.
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    -It's a sudden poise.
    -Self-touch gesture.
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    -Hot spots.
    -Microexpressions.
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    In this special,
    experts will dissect the body,
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    the face,
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    and the voice
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    to reveal its hidden meanings,
    its secrets.
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    This is a world where what we say
    is all important.
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    They said this day would never come.
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    We hang on every word.
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    Tomorrow, we begin again.
    Thank you.
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    But are we getting all the message?
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    Older, darker, psychopaths,
    serial killers' handwriting-
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    Research has shown
    that just 7% of human communication
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    is through the actual words.
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    93% of what we communicate
    with others is non-verbal.
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    Bam bam bam!
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    93%! Think about that.
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    So, it's our tone of voice, pitch,
    posture, microexpressions on our face.
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    Different gestures that we might use.
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    We put all the significance
    on 7% for words.
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    We shouldn't be doing that.
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    Beyond the words,
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    life's a fascinating world
    of non-verbal communication.
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    The secret world of body language.
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    We're about to watch
    our wannabe world leaders.
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    Our sport stars.
    -Good morning.
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    We'll revisit famous figures
    from recent history.
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    -Did you kill our president?
    -No.
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    Because people have got to know
    whether or not their president's a crook.
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    I'm not a crook.
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    I've earned everything I've got.
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    We'll view our celebrities
    with fresh eyes.
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    We're going to show
    how people in the public eye
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    try to control the way
    we perceive them.
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    And how sometimes,
    despite their best efforts,
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    the truth leaks out.
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    Whomever it might be,
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    if the truth is told,
    then my name will be cleared.
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    And I can move on with my life.
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    If you know what to look for.
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    It's not what you're seeing,
    it's what you're not seeing.
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    You're not seeing an angered response.
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    We're going to equip you
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    with the tools to read
    those body language giveaways.
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    You're getting a head and peek
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    into the world
    of "what's really going on there. "
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    When you can read body language,
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    every moment you spend with others,
    you can make it valuable.
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    And if you're in business,
    you can make it profitable.
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    Body language is crucial.
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    For those who study
    non-verbal communication,
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    one of the first indicators
    they look out for
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    is the way someone's body moves.
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    At this Camp David summit,
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    President Bush is the host to visiting
    Russian President Vladimir Putin.
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    Vladimir Putin knows the world
    is watching him on American soil.
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    And he also knows
    that his people are watching.
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    So he must show strength.
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    Here, though, both leaders are making
    a strong body language statement.
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    Here we are,
    two powerful world leaders,
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    in a sort of striding contest.
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    Because, of course,
    the fastest you stride,
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    the more strong,
    powerful, and fit you are.
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    It's not just the speed of walking
    that sends out messages.
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    Vladimir Putin and George Bush
    are fantastically powerful men.
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    Have two completely
    different types of power.
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    And it evidences itself
    through body language.
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    I thank you all for coming.
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    Vladimir Putin has what I would call
    "a very animal power. "
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    A strong man power.
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    And he walks by having his shoulders
    boucing back and forth.
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    He walks, he also makes gestures.
    He's very active.
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    I would almost call it
    a kind of sexy power.
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    George Bush, on the other hand,
    has a more traditional American power.
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    There's very little movement
    above the shoulders.
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    He's trying to look
    like he's controled.
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    There's no extra wasted energy.
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    I thank you all for coming.
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    Perceiving the body language message
    of these two powerful presidents
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    is straightforward.
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    But body language is often complex
    and easily misunderstood.
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    Here, President Clinton
    leads Israeli and Palestinian leaders,
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    Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat,
    out before the press
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    during peace negociations.
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    It's all smiles for the cameras.
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    But behind the facade of bon ami,
    there's a power struggle going on.
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    Clinton explains that none of them
    will take any questions.
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    We pledged to each other
    we would answer no questions.
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    Offer no comments.
    So I have to set a good example.
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    The body language
    then revealed just why that was.
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    Almost a physical fight.
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    Many viewed this apparently
    light-hearted tussle as a sign
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    that Arafat and Barak
    were getting on well.
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    Think again.
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    There is a great meaning behind
    who goes through the door first.
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    Here in the West,
    letting someone through the door first
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    doesn't really matter;
    it's polite, maybe.
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    But in the Middle East,
    it has a significant cultural impact.
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    The host, the power person, says:
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    "I'm in control,
    I'll help you through the door. "
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    "I'll show you the way. "
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    Throw in the fear and tension present
    in most Middle East negociations
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    and suddely, the desire of both Arafat
    and Barak not to go through that door
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    before the other
    starts to make sense.
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    This is a classic example,
    in an extreme way,
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    of how the last man through the door
    is the winner.
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    Barak reaches for Yasser Arafat.
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    Arafat grabs his arm, moves around
    and starts waggling his finger at Barak
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    who then uses it as opportunity
    to move around to actually be behind.
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    Then grabs Arafat, holds him by the arm
    and shoves him through the door.
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    You've got fear and power struggle
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    showing in big bold
    body language movements.
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    Arafat and Barak are not the only ones
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    to appreciate the significance
    of "the last man through the door move. "
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    Even when friends and allies meet,
    subtle cues reveal who's talked of.
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    2003.
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    British Prime Minister Tony Blair
    plays host to President Bush.
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    In this particular example
    we're looking at, 10 Downing Street,
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    and one would expect Tony Blair
    to be very territorial.
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    It's his territory,
    he should be host.
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    He should be in charge, and the boss
    in terms of who goes through the door.
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    And yet,
    Tony Blair, the Prime Minister,
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    accepts that the seniority
    and place here is the President's.
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    So President Bush says:
    "Photos are over".
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    Gives him a little nod.
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    And so they start going in.
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    The President's in charge
    of the choreography.
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    He goes through the door last,
    used his left hand
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    and taps Blair forward,
    not shoving Blair through the door.
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    But helping him through the door,
    meaning Bush is in charge.
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    As they go in,
    the President being in charge
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    and wanting to be clear
    that he's in charge,
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    not only displays the ownership symbol
    of putting his hand on Blair's back
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    but then he displays
    a further bit of dominance.
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    He gives him three little taps,
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    just to let him know
    that actually he's a good little boy.
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    And that George W. Bush is boss.
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    A pat on the back
    is one way to demonstrate power.
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    Getting the upper hand is another.
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    Quite literally.
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    When body language savvy
    world leaders get together,
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    they know there's one sure moment
    to demonstrate dominance.
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    The handshake photo op.
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    If you're looking
    at the left of the picture,
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    they always want to be standing
    on the left of the picture.
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    Let me demonstrate.
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    If I'm shaking hands here,
    what's gonna happen?
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    I'm at the bottom of the handshake,
    my palm is facing up.
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    That's a very vulnerable position.
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    If I'm shaking hands here,
    and I've got my arm around the person,
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    I'm shaking hands,
    who's got the upper hand?
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    I've got the upper hand.
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    If someone's coming in
    to shake your hand like this,
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    here's a nice solid handshake.
    It should be straight and firm.
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    If it's not-
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    Janine Driver teaches
    body language evening classes.
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    She believes the visual impact
    of important handshakes
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    was first appreciated in 1970.
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    When Elvis Presley famously
    paid a visit to President Nixon,
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    at the White House.
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    We see pictures of Nixon
    shaking hands with Elvis Presley.
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    Nixon's got the upper hand.
    That's where the expression comes from.
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    I've got the upper hand here.
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    Now that people know
    about this in politics,
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    you see them jolting for position
    when it comes time to take a picture.
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    At this summit in 2006
    hosted by Vladimir Putin,
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    the Russian leader
    was on full handshake alert.
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    He strategically
    placed himself in a position
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    where they're coming forward,
    he's gonna get the dominant position.
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    They're coming out of cars this way,
    coming up to him, cameras are here.
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    Every single picture,
    who gets the upper hand?
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    Putin.
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    Then up strides Tony Blair.
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    We see that Tony Blair is going
    to grab on to Vladimir Putin's hand.
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    The classing thing
    of grabbing somebody by the elbow
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    to show who is actually the leader.
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    Score 1 for Blair.
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    Next, it's President Bush's turn.
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    George Bush, on the other hand,
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    then comes in and realizes
    he's on the wrong side of the photo.
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    Morning.
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    So when he reaches in to grab,
    he immediately crowds Putin.
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    Instead of just grabbing
    and letting Putin grab his arm,
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    George Bush puts his shoulder
    against Putin's so that Putin's left arm
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    is no way in a position
    to grab hold of Bush's right arm.
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    Then as soon as Bush turns out,
    he immediately goes for a little tap.
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    And stir on Putin's back
    to actually give him a push.
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    And Putin,
    making sure not to be outdone,
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    puts his right arm up
    and give Bush a little tap as well.
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    We'll call that a draw.
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    Even seated,
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    the bodies of world leaders
    can speak volumes.
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    Here's a master class from FDR.
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    With President Roosevelt presiding,
    the historic conference began.
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    February 1945.
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    Franklin D. Roosevelt,
    Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill
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    famously meet at the Yalta conference.
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    The "Big Three",
    surrounded by the chiefs of staff,
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    with their staffs and civilian officials
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    posed for the cameras
    in the patio of Livadia palace.
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    The Allies had worked together
    for three years.
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    But now,
    with the end of the war in sight,
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    Roosevelt knew all that
    was set to change.
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    We see three powerful men
    all wanting to dominate.
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    Visually,
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    Roosevelt's in the center.
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    The central figure always appears
    to us to be the most important.
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    Even when he's talking to Stalin,
    he turns the other way.
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    And Stalin leans in.
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    Stalin is actually,
    if you like, following Roosevelt.
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    Roosevelt is the real leader
    of the two.
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    Meanwhile,
    Churchill's body language
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    is conveying
    Britain's diminishing status.
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    It doesn't look as though Churchill
    is a full and equal participant.
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    Not only is his posture hunched up,
    but Roosevelt barely ever talks to him.
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    And Stalin doesn't really meet him,
    except to shake his hand.
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    Churchill has both elbows out.
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    But the top is that
    he's holding his hat in his lap
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    to cover up his private parts.
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    Which feel kind of honorable
    in this situation.
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    You can see how each of these men
    are master in their own country.
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    How they interact with one another,
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    what their relationship is
    in the world stage.
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    Ladies and gentlemen,
    the President of the United States.
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    A politician's body language
    can easily give them away.
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    Especially when he's under pressure.
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    Ladies and gentlemen,
    I welcome this opportunity tonight
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    to meet with the managing editor
    of the nation's newspapers.
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    It's the night of November 13, 1973.
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    Watergate is at high tide.
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    President Nixon holds a live
    televised question and answer session
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    with the nation's newspaper editors.
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    His body language says it all.
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    Nixon knew it was not going
    to be an easy evening.
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    -Mr. Quinn.
    -Mr. President,
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    this morning, governor asked you
    at Florida addressed this group-
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    Stop.
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    Right there we see Nixons standing
    with his hands behind his back,
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    which gives the indication
    that he has nothing to hide,
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    he's got this open front.
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    However, he is holding his wrist
    like this behind his back,
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    and he's touching himself like this.
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    Its called the self-touch gesture.
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    He's basically saying: "OK.
    Here we go. I can get through this."
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    His words are combative,
    but his body language betrays anxiety.
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    As far as money is concerned,
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    how was it possible for you
    to have this kind of investment
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    when all you earned
    was 800,000 dollars as President?
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    I should point out I wasnt a pauper
    when I became president.
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    I wasnt very rich as Presidents goal.
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    You can see in his body
    as he is trying to defend himself
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    against the sensory the press called
    that he's acting like a pack of wolves.
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    He is holding himself away
    from that podium
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    like he is going
    to be attacked from it.
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    In this case,
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    Nixon is trying to protect himself
    from some searching questions.
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    That I welcome
    this kind of examination.
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    Because people have got to know
    if their presidents a crook.
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    I'm not a crook.
    I've earned everything Ive got.
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    He says "I am not a crook,"
    and immediately goes into retreat.
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    His body backs away.
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    Really clear tell.
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    When somebody makes a statement,
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    a definitive statement,
    and immediately retreats,
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    we know they don't think
    they've told the truth,
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    they know they didn't tell the truth,
    They were escaping that lie.
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    Nixon also suddenly crosses his arms.
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    He goes immediately from that,
    quick arm cross to protect himself.
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    Oh, my God!
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    I just said something!
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    And also did the best of my ability.
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    Right there, shaking his head no.
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    Time and again,
    throughout this exchange,
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    Nixon displays
    tellingly defensive body language.
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    Stop. Look at this.
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    Everyone's body language is different.
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    Each person has its own quirks.
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    To unlock the secrets
    of body language,
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    the experts rely on
    an analytical process
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    they call "norming".
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    When it comes
    to deciphering body language,
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    norming is crucial.
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    Reading body language,
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    you're looking for what's normal
    for that situation.
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    And you're looking for what's normal
    for that particular person.
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    Using the 24/7 coverage
    of politicians and celebrities,
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    the experts construct a template
    of what's normal for that person.
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    See what they do
    when they're under no pressure.
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    See what the person
    in front of you is doing
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    when you're asking them
    regular questions about life.
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    Then you have a norm.
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    But even without the chance
    to get this norm,
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    experts can still read
    someone's body language with accuracy.
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    If you don't know
    what's normal for that person,
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    you go back to the context again
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    and say: "What would be normal
    in that situation?"
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    If I am asked to look
    at a suspect in a crime,
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    I'm thinking
    "What would be a normal response
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    for a husband whose wife is missing?
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    "What would be a normal response
    for parents if their children are missing?"
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    And how far from normal
    is this behaviour?
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    When someone's body language
    departs from the norm,
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    it can often be a sign
    that all is not well.
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    Britney Spears makes a perfect
    body language case study
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    because of her love-hate relationship
    with living in the public eye.
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    Spears was in the hate mode here.
  • 17:59 - 18:01
    In terms of how we protect ourselves
    when we're in trouble,
  • 18:01 - 18:04
    the first thing you have to do
    if you're a celebrity
  • 18:04 - 18:06
    is to cover your eyes.
  • 18:06 - 18:08
    If people can see your eyes,
    they can see your soul.
  • 18:08 - 18:11
    So she puts on dark glasses
    whether it's night or day.
  • 18:11 - 18:14
    Irrelevant. The dark glasses go on.
  • 18:14 - 18:23
    These signs of distress are in contrast
    to the Britney of earlier times.
  • 18:23 - 18:29
    Everything was spontaneous,
    relaxed and "look at me. "
  • 18:46 - 18:47
    Now, she's messed up.
  • 18:47 - 18:54
    And her body language shows
    that lack of control over herself.
  • 18:54 - 18:54
    Her body language is very defensive
    whereas it used to be welcoming.
  • 18:57 - 19:00
    She's closing down
    and looking panicky
  • 19:00 - 19:04
    whereas she used to be
    absolutely adoring the limelight.
  • 19:04 - 19:07
    Under this kind of intense scrutiny,
  • 19:07 - 19:09
    a celebrity's body language
    needs a helping hand.
  • 19:09 - 19:13
    We can only guess it was
    sort of coaching or advice
  • 19:13 - 19:15
    that someone in her position is getting.
  • 19:15 - 19:19
    I'm sure
    she's being advised all the time.
  • 19:19 - 19:21
    She's not alone.
  • 19:21 - 19:23
    Take Paris Hilton.
  • 19:23 - 19:25
    She rarely has a night in.
  • 19:25 - 19:36
    So how would she behave
    on a night out... of jail?
  • 19:36 - 19:38
    When Paris Hilton
    is released from jail,
  • 19:38 - 19:44
    as she emerges into the night,
    she knows the world is watching.
  • 19:44 - 19:47
    She knows or has been told
    that she's got to demonstrate
  • 19:47 - 19:49
    that she's learned her lesson.
  • 19:49 - 19:51
    After all,
    she's actually been to jail.
  • 19:51 - 19:54
    So she can't come out
    and be her normal playful self
  • 19:54 - 19:56
    and jump on a table
    and start lapdancing.
  • 19:56 - 19:59
    Because this moment
    doesn't warrant such behaviour.
  • 19:59 - 20:02
    Her body language has been
    carefully planned in advance.
  • 20:04 - 20:04
    As she walks along,
    she straightens herself up a little
  • 20:04 - 20:07
    because she knows she's on.
  • 20:07 - 20:09
    She does an very unusual gesture.
  • 20:09 - 20:11
    A little kind of prim pose
    where she gets her hands,
  • 20:11 - 20:14
    crosses her fingers
    that she holds in front of herself,
  • 20:14 - 20:14
    like a very good girl.
  • 20:14 - 20:22
    I've never seen her do that gesture
    in any other situation.
  • 20:22 - 20:25
    In the same way
    some people arrive fashionably late,
  • 20:25 - 20:29
    she's leaving prison
    fashionably punished.
  • 20:29 - 20:33
    Paris Hilton's
    calculated little girl performance
  • 20:33 - 20:36
    was her way of dealing
    with the inevitable media frenzy
  • 20:36 - 20:41
    surrounding her release from jail.
  • 20:41 - 20:45
    Politicians, like celebrities,
    are always in the media spotlight.
  • 20:45 - 20:47
    But one world leader has a unique way
  • 20:47 - 20:50
    of using body language
    to slide through any situation,
  • 20:50 - 20:53
    however embarrassing:
  • 20:53 - 21:04
    George W. Bush.
  • 21:04 - 21:07
    The thing about Bush, no matter
    if he says something wrong
  • 21:07 - 21:10
    or does some silly mistake...
  • 21:10 - 21:17
    What happens with him
    is he gets like a kid.
  • 21:23 - 21:26
    He becomes this little kid, like,
    "I made a mistake. "
  • 21:26 - 21:28
    He does a full-shoulder shrug,
  • 21:28 - 21:31
    look you in the eye and say
    "I tried to get off the store, didn't work".
  • 21:31 - 21:35
    I tried to escape. It didn't work.
  • 21:35 - 21:35
    -It's likeable.
    -Thank you all.
  • 21:35 - 21:43
    This playful, likeable trait
    that if you saw your 5-year-old kid,
  • 21:43 - 21:47
    you'd want to pinch his little cheek.
    But it's the President of the USA!
  • 21:47 - 21:53
    Bush's body language reveals
    his resilience to his own mistakes.
  • 21:53 - 21:53
    There's an old saying in Tennesse,
    I know it's in Texas, maybe in Tennesse,
  • 21:54 - 22:04
    that says: "Fool me once, shame on...
  • 22:04 - 22:08
    Shame on you.
  • 22:08 - 22:11
    The fool can't get fooled again.
  • 22:11 - 22:15
    A beautiful example of G. W. Bush
    being completely lost
  • 22:15 - 22:18
    in the middle of what he's saying.
  • 22:18 - 22:21
    He pauses a long time,
  • 22:21 - 22:23
    he knows that the next word
    is "shame on you. "
  • 22:23 - 22:26
    But he knows also
    that he's lost the next sentence.
  • 22:26 - 22:28
    He has no idea where he's going.
  • 22:28 - 22:31
    What you see with his head
    is "Fool me once"
  • 22:31 - 22:34
    and he bends down like this,
  • 22:34 - 22:35
    like they're about
    to throw tomatoes at him.
  • 22:35 - 22:41
    The fool can't get fooled again.
  • 22:41 - 22:43
    "Fool me once, shame on you"
    and then he comes up
  • 22:43 - 22:46
    and misquotes the who.
    "Won't get fooled again. "
  • 22:46 - 22:48
    Fool me, can't get fooled again.
  • 22:48 - 22:51
    There's this long pause
    where he's evaluating
  • 22:51 - 22:54
    if he's made
    a complete fool of himself.
  • 22:54 - 22:57
    And then, he carries on regardless.
  • 22:57 - 23:03
    We gotta understand the nature
    of the regime we're dealing with.
  • 23:03 - 23:06
    Body language matters.
  • 23:06 - 23:09
    If you want to be President
    of the United States, it's vital.
  • 23:09 - 23:14
    The facts are that he has said,
    in the last few weeks,
  • 23:14 - 23:18
    that he really liked
    the ideas of the Republicans
  • 23:18 - 23:22
    over the last 10 to 15 years.
  • 23:22 - 23:22
    Politicians like Hillary Clinton
    and Barack Obama
  • 23:22 - 23:27
    know that words
    are only part of their message.
  • 23:29 - 23:38
    Voters are also influenced
    by the image they portray.
  • 23:38 - 23:38
    When did it don on politicians
    that body language was so powerful?
  • 23:45 - 23:45
    It's 1960.
  • 23:45 - 23:50
    Vice-president R. Nixon
    and Senator J. F. Kennedy
  • 23:50 - 23:52
    campaign for the presidency.
  • 23:52 - 23:52
    This election will be a turning point
  • 23:52 - 24:00
    in the relationship
    between politicians and body language.
  • 24:00 - 24:00
    It really wasn't until "the Great Debate"
    between Nixon and Kennedy
  • 24:00 - 24:08
    the first televised debate,
  • 24:08 - 24:08
    that candidates began to realize
  • 24:10 - 24:10
    they had to focus
    on their non-verbal visual image.
  • 24:10 - 24:17
    Miss, Senator Kennedy.
  • 24:17 - 24:17
    The things that Senator Kennedy said,
    many of us can agree with.
  • 24:22 - 24:25
    The candidates square up to each other
  • 24:25 - 24:25
    in front of a televison audience
    of 70 million people.
  • 24:25 - 24:28
    Nixon looks far less assured in front
    of the cameras than Kennedy.
  • 24:28 - 24:36
    Mr. Nixon, would you like
    to comment on that statement?
  • 24:36 - 24:38
    I have no comment.
  • 24:38 - 24:40
    Thank you Mr. Nixon,
    that completes the opening...
  • 24:40 - 24:43
    Nixon had just come out
    of the hospital
  • 24:43 - 24:45
    after receiving treatment
    for an injured knee.
  • 24:45 - 24:48
    And then refused make-up
    when he got to the TV studio.
  • 24:48 - 24:51
    He was a manly man,
    he didn't want make-up.
  • 24:51 - 24:54
    Kennedy said: "Put the make-up on. "
    He was already attractive.
  • 24:54 - 24:58
    Nixon sweated under the lights.
  • 24:58 - 25:05
    He compared unfavorably
    with the tanned and fit-looking Kennedy.
  • 25:05 - 25:08
    In the polls after that debate,
  • 25:08 - 25:12
    Nixon to the radio audience
    that had only heard him
  • 25:12 - 25:15
    won by a landslide.
  • 25:15 - 25:19
    But the polls of the audience
    that saw the debate,
  • 25:19 - 25:22
    Kennedy won by a landslide.
  • 25:22 - 25:24
    All of a sudden,
  • 25:24 - 25:28
    politicians realized they had
    to be aware of their visual image.
  • 25:28 - 25:30
    Nearly 50 years later,
  • 25:30 - 25:35
    today's presidential hopefuls
    receive saturation media coverage.
  • 25:35 - 25:38
    Voters observe their every move.
  • 25:38 - 25:39
    Under such scrutiny,
  • 25:39 - 25:43
    managing their image
    is a job for the professionals.
  • 25:43 - 25:48
    The whole thing is a game
    of image versus objectives.
  • 25:48 - 25:51
    Your objective is to win the vote.
  • 25:51 - 25:54
    Body language is of course
    an important part of that image.
  • 25:54 - 25:57
    Which is why
    many politicans employ coaches.
  • 25:57 - 26:00
    Like Mark Jeffries.
  • 26:00 - 26:02
    Very often,
    when working with a politician,
  • 26:02 - 26:05
    someone who is trying
    to shape an image,
  • 26:05 - 26:06
    you will ask that politician:
    "Who do you admire in the public eye?"
  • 26:06 - 26:13
    If it's a man, typically it'll be
    someone like George Clooney.
  • 26:13 - 26:16
    Because he's someone
    who embodies style, charm, charisma.
  • 26:16 - 26:21
    And yet isn't extremely young
    so he's kind of an ideal model.
  • 26:21 - 26:25
    The very training actors
    like Clooney undergo
  • 26:25 - 26:28
    usually leads to
    good body language in public.
  • 26:28 - 26:32
    That puts them way ahead
    of politicians who have to be told
  • 26:32 - 26:36
    how to walk, where to look,
    how to smile even.
  • 26:36 - 26:46
    Is it possible to detect signs of
    body language coaching in a politician?
  • 26:46 - 26:48
    This is Hillary Clinton.
  • 26:48 - 26:51
    I want to thank you for letting me
    speak with you about an issue...
  • 26:51 - 26:57
    Here is Hillary Clinton,
    back in 1993.
  • 26:57 - 27:02
    The overall body language here
    is soft, soft, feminine.
  • 27:02 - 27:07
    "I'm not the President.
    I'm the President's wife."
  • 27:07 - 27:07
    Back then, Hillary's body language
    was very understated.
  • 27:07 - 27:12
    Stand up, you silly woman.
    Alright.
  • 27:12 - 27:19
    Okay.
  • 27:19 - 27:22
    She comes in, a little hunched over
  • 27:22 - 27:22
    because that's what you do
    when you feel slightly threatened.
  • 27:22 - 27:27
    When you don't feel threatened
    and feel very confident,
  • 27:27 - 27:27
    you stand up very staight,
    you thrust your chest out.
  • 27:30 - 27:30
    Fastforward 15 years through Hillary's
    journey from First Lady to US Senator,
  • 27:30 - 27:39
    to candidate for the democratic
    nomination for President.
  • 27:39 - 27:39
    How much
    has her body language changed?
  • 27:39 - 27:47
    It's so interesting and dramatic
    of a change from earlier Hillary
  • 27:47 - 27:47
    to "Hillary light"; there's been this
    transformation of her body language,
  • 27:52 - 27:52
    how she's approaching people.
  • 27:52 - 27:55
    Now together,
  • 27:55 - 27:55
    let's give America the kind of comeback
    the New Hampshire has given me.
  • 27:55 - 28:04
    What she does now
  • 28:04 - 28:06
    is she embraces the applause,
    she goes up to it.
  • 28:06 - 28:06
    She almost wants to hug people
    for the noise that they're making.
  • 28:06 - 28:08
    For the reaction
    that they're giving her.
  • 28:08 - 28:16
    What are the coaching giveaways?
  • 28:16 - 28:16
    You can tell when somebody is coached
    when their gestures don't seem natural.
  • 28:22 - 28:22
    When the beat is off slightly.
  • 28:22 - 28:30
    When you can tell
    "I'm thinking and then I'm showing. "
  • 28:30 - 28:31
    Hillary always looks like she thinks
    before she shows anything.
  • 28:31 - 28:38
    I am not going out there on my own.
  • 28:38 - 28:38
    Mark Jeffries also detects signs
    of coaching in the new improved Hillary.
  • 28:38 - 28:49
    ...who believe as I do
    that this country is worth fighting for.
  • 28:49 - 28:52
    When you coach your politician,
  • 28:52 - 28:55
    you have to create the illusion
    that they're loved by many.
  • 28:55 - 28:58
    Even when you step onto a stage
    and the audience is applauding you,
  • 28:58 - 29:01
    you still have to create this image
    that there are people out there
  • 29:01 - 29:04
    who you know personally,
    people you're thrilled to see.
  • 29:04 - 29:07
    What you do
    is you point to the audience.
  • 29:07 - 29:09
    As many times as
    you can use your finger.
  • 29:09 - 29:12
    "Thanks for coming. " Of course,
    there's no one there that they know.
  • 29:12 - 29:16
    And if you are in the audience,
  • 29:16 - 29:18
    you're looking at her going
    "She's pointing at me. "
  • 29:18 - 29:20
    "Is there somebody else?"
  • 29:20 - 29:21
    The whole thing is a game,
    and a brilliant one.
  • 29:21 - 29:26
    Because when you watch it on TV,
    you go: "She knows so many people!"
  • 29:26 - 29:30
    Politicians now know they must
    pay attention to the 93% of communication
  • 29:30 - 29:34
    that's non-verbal.
  • 29:34 - 29:38
    But what role does body language
    have in everyday life?
  • 29:38 - 29:41
    Does good body language
    help close a deal?
  • 29:41 -
    To find out, we hired two women
    to pose as new car customers.
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    Our pretend customers Jackie and Kacy,
    are rigged with hidden cameras
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    so our experts can watch
    the car salesman in action.
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    First stop is a BMW showroom,
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    where they're greeted by Cory,
    one of the salesman.
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    Look at the fixing the tie,
    doing some cleaning.
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    Must have saw
    that there are two cute girls waiting.
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    He's fixing things up.
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    -Hi, I'm Jackie, nice to meet you.
    -Nice to meet you too.
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    -Hi, I'm Kacy.
    -Hi, Kacy.
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    I wanted to come and take a look
    at something in the 3 series
  • Not Synced
    if you have some available.
    -Certainly.
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    Kind of quick on the handshake
    but he was smiling, genuine.
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    Look at how he approaches.
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    The salesman approaches the two women,
    he's got a giant smile,
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    which is what he needs to have.
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    He's also got his head
    slightly forward,
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    which is very important
    for displaying submissiveness.
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    Very useful for a salesman.
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    Salesman Cory has started off well.
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    Looks like he put a winter coat on,
    and an umbrella.
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    He's gonna take the girls outside.
    He wants to make a sale.
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    And it looks like he's going
    to give Jackie and Kacy a test drive.
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    I'm looking more at the sedan,
    I think.
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    I'm not looking for anything
    particularly fast necessarily.?
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    This is the big moment. Thank you.
    -Here's the key.
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    Look at him messing around.
    This guy's on his A-game.
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    Great posture, he had a little jump
    to step in going to the car.
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    And off they go.
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    I believe this salesman's body language
    is near perfect throughout.
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    Cory gets high marks
    from our experts.
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    But were our customers impressed
    by his performance?
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    What did you think
    of Cory's first impression?
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    I thought he was very friendly,
    easy to talk to, down to earth.
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    His body language would've helped
    or hurt an actual sale with you guys?
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    Personally, I think it'd have helped.
    -It'd have helped.
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    His body language in
    with his personality.
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    The following morning,
    they go to a Toyota dealership.
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    This time,
    there'll be an extra hidden camera
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    rigged inside the frame
    of Jackie's sunglasses.
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    -This is Jackie.
    -Hi, Jackie.
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    -It's Jerry.
    -Nice to meet you.
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    How will salesman Jerry
    compare with Cory?
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    In this position where we see Jerry,
    see what he's doing with his thumbs?
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    He's rubbing his hands,
    that's called the self-touch gesture.
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    Jerry's self-touch gesture is similar
    to Richard Nixon's hand rubbing
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    during the Watergate investigations.
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    This is a comfort gesture,
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    it means that he's feeling
    in some way uncomfortable.
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    Body language
    can't be considered in isolation.
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    It's usually an amplifier
    to what you're already saying.
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    He's moving calmly, he's assuring
    but he's not assuring to them.
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    He's essentially assuring himself.
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    Both cars come with a built-in remote.
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    Here's the problem.
    He's looking down.
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    He did not connect with eye contact
    with the women.
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    Here, there's a disconnect.
  • Not Synced
    By standing up, you're saying:
    "I"m more important than you. "
  • Not Synced
    He should be down,
    crouched on his knees a little bit.
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    Inside the car, Jerry's showing off
    the various features.
  • Not Synced
    But is his body language helping
    to persuade a potential customer?
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    -Oh, my God.
    -That is very nice.
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    People buy not based on the product.
  • Not Synced
    They don't even buy based
    on the data about the product.
  • Not Synced
    Ultimately, they buy based on how
    the feel about the salesman.
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    So how do Kacy and Jackie
    feel about Jerry?
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    He seemed a little distant to me.
    In general.
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    It got better as it went on in time
  • Not Synced
    but there was some distance
    throughout the sale.
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    Comparing their experiences,
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    we asked them which salesman
    would be more likely to sell them a car.
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    Cory, definitely!
    -Definitely, why?
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    Look at your genuine smiles pop up.
    -Because he has a genuine smile!
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    He had confidence, sure,
    but it wasn't overconfidence.
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    It was natural. He just had it.
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    One of the acknowledged? masters
    of body language
  • Not Synced
    is former president Bill Clinton.
  • Not Synced
    Bill Clinton is great
    at establishing rapport?.
  • Not Synced
    He's one of the all-time best.
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    In this televised Town Meeting
    in San Diego back in 1993,
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    Clinton shows off his skills.
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    My own belief is
    that we do need more jobs.
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    And that we do need jobs tied?
    to continuing education and training.
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    Bill Clinton has
    all the classic charismatic factors:
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    likability, power, attractiveness.
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    If you look at Germany, Great Britain,
    France, all the world-
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    He's a powerhouse because he's open.
    He's giving us his full front dorsing?.
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    "I've nothing to hide.
    We're together. We're alike. "
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    That's what rapport is.
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    Every good speaker,
    who speaks formally,
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    expresses from the heart.
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    Clinton expresses from the heart.
  • Not Synced
    Clinton's gestures deliver his message
    to an knee-size? audience.
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    We do not need
    to build a bridge to the past,
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    we need to build a bridge to the future.
    And that is what I commit to you to do.
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    He gestures on the beat.
    Very significant.
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    Telling whether somebody's
    being authentic, honest,
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    you want to make sure they're gesturing
    just a second before they say it.
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    You feel it, you show it
    and then you say it.
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    He's gesturing just before he says it.
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    The real mark
    of a body language master though
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    is how they deal
    with a difficult situation.
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    My question is:
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    can you name one country that has taxed
    and spent itself back into prosperity?
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    -President?
    -The answer to your question-
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    You can see staight away that he is
    not happy with that question at all.
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    He betrays very quickly
    and for a very short period of time
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    the fact that
    he does not have an answer.
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    He does the mouth pulling.
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    The answer to your question
    is I can't.
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    But you can't fairly
    characterize my program.
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    I have cut more spending
    than my predecessors did.
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    He's very quick.
    He instantly regains his composure.
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    That's one of the things with him,
    he has this power to regain composure.
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    Like Bill Clinton,
    Tony Blair has a reputation
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    for composure in public.
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    But it didn't always come naturally.
  • Not Synced
    Blair, his wife Cherie? and children
    are posing for the cameras
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    on the day he first became
    British Prime Minister.
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    Then came the moment
    everyone was waiting for.
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    You're told as a political couple
    you must show a bit of love
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    from time to time, show the voters
    you're real and normal people.
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    The crowd is applauding,
    he puts his arm around Cherie,
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    as if he's gonna hug her.
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    Cherie, remembering her lesson,
    decides to go for the kiss.
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    He then grabs her,
    puts his hand right in front of her,
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    so that she can't kiss him.
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    He almost blocks her with his hand,
    like "No, not now dear. "
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    She goes and does a little cat thing
    on his chest.
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    It's at that moment when she does that
    that he realizes he's missed the boat.
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    That actually,
    he was supposed to kiss her.
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    But then, it's too late
    'cause everyone's seen the effort
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    and you can hear a little bit
    of booing from the crowd
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    then he realizes he's made a mistake
    so he kind of kissed her hair.
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    The whole thing was rather embarrassing.
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    Rookie politicians aren't the only ones
    to give themselves away.
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    Even the masters can get exposed.
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    Take this promotional appearance in 2005
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    by actors Angelina Jolie
    and the recently-separated Brad Pitt.
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    Thank you, guys.
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    When it came to the premiere
    of "Mr. and Mrs. Smith",
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    Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt,
    their body language was screaming to me.
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    There's more of a story here.
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    The press
    had been full of speculation
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    about whether Pitt and Jolie
    were having a secret romance.
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    Just before they run the film,
    Brad Pitt says cute little things,
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    and Angelina Jolie
    becames like Princess Diana,
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    with the whole looking down,
    she looks up at Brad Pitt and back down.
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    "Take care of me".
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    It is a massive flirting technique.
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    For me, it was the crucial point
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    that said there's something more
    to the story here.
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    We're really excited by it,
    we know you're gonna like it.
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    It's great fun.
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    Instead of being a chum and a pal,
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    why does she have
    this little girl flirting thing going on?
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    Just a few months later,
    Pitt and Jolie became an official item.
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    President Clinton
    had a more serious problem
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    when rumours of his relationship
    with Monica Lewinsky
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    began to circulate.
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    He decided to make
    a very public televised denial.
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    His words very crystal clear.
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    I worked till pretty late last night
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    but I wanna say one thing
    to the Americans.
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    Clinton was addressing
    both the TV audience
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    and the reporters of the White House.
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    I did not have sexual relationship
    with Miss Lewinsky.
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    But his normally assured body language
    was not conveying a reassuring message.
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    These allegations are false.
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    And I need to go back to work
    for the American people. Thank you.
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    To show your integrity,
    your face, head, gestures and body
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    need to be in alignment. In this case,
    he's gesturing in one direction,
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    and looking in another direction.
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    So he's pointing here
    but looking here.
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    That's a disconnect.
    It doesn't make sense.
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    Why is there an incongruence?
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    It should be:
    "America, I wanna tell you something".
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    Now, look again at the way
    the president's head moves.
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    I never told anybody to lie.
    Not a single time. Never.
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    Never, never, not a single time.
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    We see the head shaking no
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    but we didn't see the head shaking no
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    when he said he didn't have
    sexual relationship with that woman.
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    Though he's trying
    to control his body language,
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    the truth was leaking out.
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    Out on the streets,
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    reading body language accurately can be
    the difference between life and death.
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    On a typical patrol,
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    these police officers
    are constantly evalutating people
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    based on their gestures
    and facial expressions.
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    As of right now,
    I see one person in the car.
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    Throughout my time, my career,
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    the first thing I look at
    is people's eyes.
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    Because eyes don't lie.
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    You could put your hands
    in your pocket,
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    you can take a seat on a chair,
    but your eyes don't lie.
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    How to read body language accurately
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    is an important lesson
    in police training.
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    How you sit, dress, walk
    tells me who you are.
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    Whether you're a wolf, or a sheep.
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    Former Marine Corps Intelligence Officer
    Frank Marsh
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    has an audience
    of law-enforcement officials
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    from all over the state of New Jersey.
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    In the Western world,
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    what happens when a man
    gets in your face like this?
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    We're about to fight!
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    In the Middle East,
    this is how they talk.
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    They'll even argue like this.
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    Marines are getting in trouble
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    because these Arabs
    would get in front of their face
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    and the Marines would hit them
    and down they drop.
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    And the Arabs
    would stand up and go:
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    "Why'd you hit me?"
    -Because you got in my face.
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    With Americans,
    if you get in a male's face,
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    it's a challenge to fight.
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    So pay attention
    to somebody's body language.
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    Officers Jones and Ruchy
    are on a patrol in Mount Vernon,
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    north of New York City.
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    They pull over a woman
    for going through a red light.
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    As Ruchy approaches the car,
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    he has to be sensitive
    to the body language of the driver.
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    If she's fidgety,
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    and can't give a direct answer
    to a question,
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    if her hands are moving,
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    if she's constantly looking
    at her rear-view mirror...
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    Officer Ruchy is very comfortable
    with this car stop.
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    Police officers have learned
    through bitter experience
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    that if they don't keep
    their body language antenna tuned,
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    things can go terribly wrong.
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    Former Sergeant in the NYPD
    Lou Savelli
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    trains police officers to recognize
    key body language indicators.
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    He uses this video of a 1998 incident
    recorded by a dashbord camera
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    to point out the danger in
    not being sensitive to body signals.
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    What you have here
    is a sheriffs deputy in Georgia
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    pulls over a vehicle
    for a traffic infraction.
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    As he pulls the vehicle over,
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    several indicators tell us
    that this was gonna be a bad stop.
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    The sheriffs deputy was alone.
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    The car is stopped,
    and right away he opens his door,
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    which tells he's either
    gonna attack the officer
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    or hes hiding something
    in the vehicle.
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    He's trying to distance himself
    from that vehicle.
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    Everybody knows
    once a police pull you over,
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    you're supposed to stay in the car.
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    Come on back here for me.
    Come on back.
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    The driver gets out of the vehicle,
    which is alarm bell number one.
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    Here, the officer says:
    Now, step towards me..
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    He hesitates.
    Hes not ready to do his thing,
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    because he doesnt wanna do
    based on what the officer says.
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    Hes got a plan in his mind.
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    More indicators that hes about
    to do something to this officer.
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    Comes out, closes his coat,
    which tells hes nervous.
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    He goes right,
    puts his hands into his pockets.
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    That tells you that he is either
    nervous about what's about to happen,
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    hes gonna get aggressive,
    or may have something in his pockets.
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    Keep your hands out of your pockets.
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    Alarm bell number two:
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    the driver is out of his car,
    he's put his hands in his pockets,
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    both potentially threatening
    body language indicators.
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    Now the sheriffs deputy
    gets out of his patrol car
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    to talk to the driver.
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    He's dancing around
    trying to intimidate the officer,
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    show that: Im not listening to you,
    you have no authority of me. "
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    And right before
    he finishes up his dancing routine,
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    he claps his hands.
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    Clapping the hands is one
    of the last indicator you see
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    when someone is about to fight.
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    They clap the hands
    to get the blood flowing,
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    then they got to attack,
    and thats exactly what he does.
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    Come here! Sir, get back!
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    A scuffle ensues off camera.
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    And before the deputy can stop him,
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    the pick-up driver
    goes back to his vehicle.
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    He appears
    to be searching for something.
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    I repeat my line. Get back here now!
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    The driver now has a gun.
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    Put the gun down!
    What I got now the gun. I need help.
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    The situation gets out of control.
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    Shots are fired.
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    And the deputy is killed.
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    This horrific incident
    is one of many examples
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    Savelli uses
    for body language training.
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    Its important to read body language
    for a police officer
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    because if you can recognize a threat
    that you are in danger,
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    you can counteract that threat.
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    Its the most important thing
    to teach police officers.
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    I believe more important
    than self-defense, firearms tactics
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    is that they need to understand
    when they are being threatened.
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    Out on the street, a police officer
    can use often subtle body language
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    or tells to pick up on possible
    guilty or criminal behavior.
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    There's various ways
    that people try to hide a gun.
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    One of the most common is blading.
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    They notice an officer on one side,
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    they'll blade their body
    real quick this way.
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    Keep the bolter on this side
    away from the view of the officers.
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    Another way of concealing a weapon
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    is by billowing your shirt or coat
    by pulling down like this.
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    The weapons arent visible.
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    If Im gonna try to grip my gun,
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    my thumbs gonna twitch like this
    and clears the top of the shirt.
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    My hands are gonna go up.
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    The first thing Im gonna got
    is my thumb and a pull-up.
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    Ill try to rid my weapon.
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    I know that my thumbs gonna clear
    this weapon before I pull it out.
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    Blading, billowing
    and the thumb twitch,
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    all potentially threatening signals
    for those that can see them.
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    For police officers,
    there are situations when body language
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    has to be evaluated
    in just a fraction of a second.
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    When Savelli was a New York cop,
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    he worked in Narcotics
    with Officer Paul Rossi.
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    Our team
    was making undercover of vice.
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    We are hitting drug locations,
    end up coming to this drug location.
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    I'd do a buy-and-buster
    on the undercover, make a buy.
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    Then us and part of the field team
    would go in and bust the drug dealer.
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    The drug dealer, on this occasion,
    ran for it towards this street corner.
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    We were up there.
    We cant fire around the corner.
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    Then we cant fire him here.
    We saw him run into there.
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    Saw the back of him from a distance.
    And then we just throw in.
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    We jumped out of the car,
    arrived right over here.
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    Yep, I remember. The drug dealer
    was familiar with the neighborhood.
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    We come out. We fly out the car.
    We see him coming around.
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    He goes in and what he sees Lou is
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    The back of his body
    goes right through the door.
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    We come in.
    We're face to face with him.
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    And of course when we come in,
    the gun was already at him all this time.
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    A man was standing behind the counter
    with a gun, pointed straight at them.
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    Im doing this trying
    to hide behind something.
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    Lous coming up that side.
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    Both Lou and Paul were about to shoot.
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    Drop the gun.
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    By that time, Lou is up.
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    Something about the guy
    told us he wasnt a danger to us.
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    The way he was acting, holding the gun,
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    the way his body was point,
    the way of his eyes.
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    Although his face was fixed on Paul,
    his eyes kept going that way
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    which meant
    he wasnt intent on hurting us.
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    The man behind the shop counter
    was a frightened shop clerk.
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    We hear the gun go hit the floor.
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    Turns out his eyes
    were giving up the guy in the back.
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    His body language told us
    that guy's back there.
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    We went to the back room,
    caught the guy in the back room hiding.
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    We got our drug dealer
    in the back room.
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    It all only lasted for a few seconds.
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    Savelli knows it was his split
    second reading of body language
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    that stopped him
    from shooting the shop clerk.
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    More than half of what we communicate
    is through the gestures we make
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    and the looks on our face.
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    Scientists have dissected
    the thousands of different expressions
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    that appear on the human face.
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    The secret to understanding
    the face correctly
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    is learning how to decode
    the expressions that all of us use.
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    In the late 1960s,
    a pioneering American psychologist,
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    Dr. Paul Ekman, tried to discover if
    there were universal facial expressions
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    that crossed all cultural boundaries.
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    Dr. Paul Ekman
    is like the Buddha of body language.
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    Ekman is so important
    because of a study he conducted
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    that compare the emotions
    in facial expressions of people
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    in Papua New Guinea, and Japan
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    with those of people
    in Western countries.
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    His team
    asked volunteers to make faces
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    corresponding to a particular emotion
    and filmed the result.
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    Ekman found
    that there were 7 universal expressions
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    of emotions on the face:
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    happiness,
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    sadness,
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    anger,
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    fear,
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    surprise,
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    contempt,
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    and disgust.
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    We all have them, doesnt matter
    if you are 6, 66 or 106.
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    Doesnt matter if you are born
    in Iran, Japan or the United States.
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    They appear pretty much
    the same way in our face.
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    But Ekmans facial research
    didnt stop there.
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    He developed an entire system
    of looking at the muscles of the face.
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    Such as movements that would happen
    between this muscle and this muscle
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    so you can get a smile.
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    He then characterized those
    giving us a centering alphabet
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    whereby scientists
    could talk to one another
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    and characterize exactly what
    facial movements people were making.
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    The influence
    of Ekmans facial expression research
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    can be seen today.
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    Can we turn off the lights please?
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    Look happy, sad
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    This is a demonstration
    of the face reader.
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    The very latest and automated
    facial recognition technology.
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    Surprised.
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    Face reader uses the 7 basic emotions
    as established by Paul Ekman,
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    and 55 points on human face
    to classify those 7 basic emotions.
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    The face reader
    instantly maps the complex interactions
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    of the muscles of the human face.
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    These colored graph bars
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    represent the type of emotion
    appearing on the face.
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    Every expression is given a value
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    in terms of the degree of happiness,
    sadness, anger and so on.
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    Technology like this
    is being used in all sorts of fields.
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    Consumer research
    how do people react to different foods,
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    marketing research
    how do people react to ads.
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    Today, facial recognition systems
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    are being installed in airports
    to refine security checks.
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    The face communicates so much more
    than just the 7 universal emotions.
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    Ekman identified more
    than 3,000 different facial expressions
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    that convey a meaning
    that most of us will react to,
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    both consciously and unconsciously.
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    Todays politicians
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    are acutely aware of the importance
    of non-verbal communication.
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    They employ coaches
    to hone their gestures.
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    But new research
    suggests they would do well
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    to pay more attention
    to the expressions on their face.
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    I will be our partys nominee
    for President in the United States.
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    Thank you.
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    Every presidential candidate
    has to try to win our trust.
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    They need us to believe
    they're competent for the job
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    before we're willing to vote for them.
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    You and I together,
    we will change this country
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    But how do we decide
    whether they're competent or not?
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    We asked Georgetown University
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    to rerun a revealing experiment
    conducted at Princeton in 2005.
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    Student volunteers
    make instant decisions
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    between pairs of faces
    appearing on the screen.
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    The students task is to decide
    in sometimes less than half a second
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    which of the two people
    is the more competent.
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    It seems that we are
    so sensitive to facial expressions
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    that we are comfortable
    making snap judgments like this.
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    Even when the students
    have several seconds to choose,
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    they dont alter
    their initial decision.
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    What they dont know
    is that the photographs
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    are of candidates
    who were running for the Senate,
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    the House and Governor
    in 2002 and 2004.
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    What kinds of expressions
    communicate competence?
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    I'd say a genuine smile.
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    Anytime there is a nice smile.
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    If there was no smile,
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    maybe I didnt think
    they were as competent.
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    What other expressions
    influence the students?
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    I wanted someone
    that had a genuine look.
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    Eye contact.
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    Looks you in the eye.
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    I think I tend to pick
    the ones had more stoic face.
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    An interesting pattern
    emerged in the students' choices.
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    As in the original Princeton experiment,
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    more than 70% of the faces
    they chose as more competent
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    turned out to be the people
    who were actually elected for office.
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    This suggets that come election day,
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    the expression on a politician's face
    is an important factor in our choice.
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    We're hardwired to understand
    3,000 different facial expressions.
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    But there's even more information
    to be gleaned from the human face.
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    If you've got the skill.
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    It takes a keen eye to spot
    what's known as "a microexpression".
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    Microexpressions are the expressions
    that come out quickly
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    from your emotional state before
    you have time to think about them.
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    You might be in the middle
    of saying something happy
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    and then your face would suddenly
    form itself into a very sad face.
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    But just for half a second.
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    And then your face
    would resume its happiness.
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    These are quite rare
    but when you see them,
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    it shows that the person
    is actually trying to hide something.
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    During his campaing for governor,
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    Arnold Schwarzenegger
    gave this speech at a rally.
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    What I want to say to you is
    yes, I have behaved badly sometimes.
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    He was responding to allegations
    of sexual misconduct.
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    But are his regretful words
    backed up by his facial expressions?
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    I like to watch
    something like this frame by frame
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    so I can see those microexpressions.
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    And I have done things
    I thought then were playful.
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    But now, I recognize...
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    Here, we have this look of rage.
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    A snarl that comes across his face
    instantaneously, fraction of a second.
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    Microexpressions
    can be a 20 fifth of a second.
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    That shows he is angry
    about having to make this apology,
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    at being attacked in this way.
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    View it again in slow motion.
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    The microexpression can be isolated.
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    As Schwarzenegger opens his mouth,
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    his nose muscles flare upwards
    into a momentary snarl.
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    But it seems the voters
    didn't spot this body language giveaway.
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    Three days later,
    he was elected Governor of California.
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    People who are media savvy
    sometimes think they can
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    fool the world over our eyes.
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    But their faces
    can still give them away.
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    In 2004,
    track-and-field star Marion Jones
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    held a press conference
    following allegations
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    that she had been taking
    performance-enhancing drugs.
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    First of all,
    I'd like to thank everybody
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    for coming out today
    on such short notice.
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    She was being investigated
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    by the United States'
    Anti-Doping Agency, USADA.
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    To begin, I wanted the world
    to have an opportunity to hear from me.
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    JJ Newberry runs the Institute
    of Analytic Interviewing in California.
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    He trains people
    to identify the telltale signs
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    in a persons face
    that indicate they could be lying.
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    ...So that you can get
    a good idea of how I am feeling
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    She's saying she wants us
    to know how shes feeling,
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    so Im gonna look to see if
    shes gonna express how shes feeling.
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    That in the end the truth'll prevail
    and my name will be cleared.
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    However,
    the events of the last several weeks
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    have led me more in sadness
    than in anger.
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    Have led me more in sadness
    than in anger...
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    but she doesnt show sadness
    and she doesnt show anger.
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    Ill ask you what is missing
    from this whole tape?
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    If somebody accuses you
    of something you didnt do,
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    would you be mad,
    or would you be sad?
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    Id be mad at them!
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    And I have done all I can do
    to provide USADA
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    with information
    that I have knowledge of,
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    because I believe
    in the drug-free sport.
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    As Newberry
    watches Joness performance,
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    he looks for microexpressions that
    may conflict with what she was saying
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    and reveal her true emotions.
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    Her eyebrows go up
    almost into the corner.
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    Eyebrows are up
    and coming together in the corner,
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    almost like a fear.
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    Surprise and fear almost together.
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    Ideally, if she's telling the truth,
    we'd like to see the brows come down.
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    Because she should be angry.
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    You're being falsely accused
    of something you didn't do,
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    the brows should come down.
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    I have truthfully answered
    every question asked of me under oath.
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    There shouldn't be fear and surprise.
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    It might leak out maybe a little bit.
    But it's non-stop here.
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    The fear and surprise is the dominant
    emotion leaking out subconsciously.
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    Fear and surprise
    weren't the only emotions
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    leaking from Jones' face.
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    If the truth is told,
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    then my name will be cleared
    and I can move on with my life.
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    "The truth can be told,
    then I can move on with my life. "
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    Then immediately, she creates
    this unbelievably sad expression.
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    She looks down,
    she's got a long face.
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    Marion Jones' brief flash of sadness
    is a classic example
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    of what experts call "a hotspot".
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    These are facial expressions
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    that seem to be at odds
    with what someone is saying.
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    Or inconsistent
    with how they would be expected
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    to behave in a given situation.
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    That's a point where you have
    to look for more information.
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    It could mean a lie
    but also many different things.
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    Do we know that it's guilty
    and not something else?
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    At the time,
    it would've been very hard to tell.
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    For Newberry,
    the biggest hotspot of all
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    is the absence of
    one specific emotion on Jones' face.
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    It's not what you're seeing,
    it's what you're not seeing.
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    You're not seeing an angered response.
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    I'm not going to engage
    in USADA's secret kangaroo court.
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    Jones' words were defiant.
    Her face certainly wasn't.
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    Her body language just didn't go
    with what she was saying.
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    Three years later,
    all that had changed.
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    Here she emerges from court
    to face the media again.
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    Having been found guilty
    of lying under oath to federal agents.
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    It is with a great amound of shame
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    that I stand before you,
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    and tell you
    that I have betrayed your trust.
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    It moves me now to even talk about it.
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    That's what happens
    when people are being authentic.
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    You are taken to thei level
    of pain, anger, fear.
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    When she's finally coming clean,
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    you see a more relaxed Marion Jones.
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    And I am responsible fully
    for my actions.
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    This kind of facial analysis
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    can be applied to anonymous people
    catapulted into the media spotlight.
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    I just can't stress it enough
    that we just got to get them home.
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    That's just where they belong,
    with their mamma and daddy.
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    Susan Smith's face was all over
    national television in late 1994
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    after she claimed her two young sons
    had been abducted.
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    JJ Newberry saw Smith's
    televised appeal for their safe return.
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    Shortly afterwards,
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    she admitted
    she had murdered her children.
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    That was very obvious to us.
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    Before she even confessed.
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    Anybody can look at this after the fact
    and come up with all this.
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    We actually did it before.
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    Why was Newberry so confident
    of Smith's guilt?
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    First thing we all notice
    is that there was no real tears.
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    It was a fake cry.
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    I want to say to my babies
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    that your mamma loves you so much.
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    This is all connected:
    eyes, ears, nose and throat.
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    So when you start crying,
    the physiology takes over:
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    your sinuses swell up,
    your nose starts running
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    you start swallowing
    and the tears come out.
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    You don't see any of that.
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    Smith's performance
    is peppered with hotspots.
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    We don't see any stress
    in the forehead.
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    And when she's?,
    she's closing her eyes.
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    She's thinking
    about what she's gonna say.
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    About what she did, who knows?
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    All I know is there are hotspots.
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    A hotspot does not indicate a lie.
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    It's simply a hotspot,
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    an emotional response
    that should tell the interviewer:
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    "I have to delve further into
    this aspect of what she's saying".
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    There is not one minute
    that passes by
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    that I'm not thinking
    about these boys.
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    Now take a look at the face
    of Smith's husband, David,
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    during the same press conference.
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    We ask
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    that you continue to pray
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    for me and my wife
    and for our family.
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    But most of all, that you continue
    to pray for Michael and Alex.
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    Where she's faking it for the cameras,
    his face tells a different story.
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    You do not have to be
    a body language expert
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    to look at someone
    and as they're experiencing emotions,
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    to feel it.
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    His emotions and facial expressions
    are more consistent than his wife's.
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    Susan Smith
    has no activity on her forehead.
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    The husband, his brow is down,
    very engaged in stress.
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    His jaw... he's very stressed.
    This is an emotional person.
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    He does have concerns, feelings.
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    He's showing this emotion.
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    The evidence was right there.
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    We just had to open our eyes
    and look at the body language.
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    Body language is about the gestures
    we're all familiar with.
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    And the fleeting facial expressions
    that often escape our notice.
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    Together, they make up
    55% of human communication.
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    But a crucial 38%
    comes from the voice.
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    There's its tone and pitch.
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    We have to choose between
    change and more of the same.
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    Its speed.
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    We have to choose between
    looking backwards and forwards.
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    And rhythm.
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    We have to choose
    between our future
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    and our past.
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    Barack Obama's voice
    seems very natural.
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    But most politicians work very hard
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    to achieve a sound
    that impresses the voters.
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    Body language and voice tone
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    have a profound effect
    on how well you communicate.
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    Normally,
    as people rise up the runs?,
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    the more noticeable they are,
    the more likely they'll have coaching.
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    By the end,
    most politicians at the very top
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    will have thought about body language
    and especially their voice tone.
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    How did their voice is,
    and how modulated and slow it is.
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    I personally think they had ideas
    but they were bad ideas.
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    Bad ideas for America...
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    Female politicians
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    have an additional hurdle
    to overcome with male voters.
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    Research shows that a woman's voice
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    effects the emotional part
    of a man's brain.
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    So we think women are so emotional
    when they speak.
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    So shame on you, Barack Obama!
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    Former British Prime Minister
    Margaret Thatcher
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    provides a voice-case study
    for British impressionist Steve Nallon.
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    This is Thatcher in 1960
    when she was a new member of Parliament.
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    Very much so.
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    but speaking in the House of Commons
    is a unique experience.
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    What's really intersting about Thatcher
    is she's young, in her early 30s,
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    and for anybody in their early 30s,
    you have a younger sounding.
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    And it really is
    very very high up here.
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    Over the years,
    that was brought lower,
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    because it doesn't sound as good;
    it sounds patronizing.
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    Very very high.
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    The higher the pitch,
    the more shrill of a waiss?;
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    the less credibility it's given.
    It's perceived very negatively.
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    Our voices often become marginally
    lower in tone as we get older.
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    But Thatcher appears to have
    given this process a helping hand.
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    Fastforward to the year 1983.
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    She's just won a second term
    as Prime Minister.
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    I think we should have
    to make up our minds
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    about the Cabinet very quickly.
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    Otherwise,
    the press will discuss it all for me.
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    She's learned, as a politician,
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    that that high sound
    is not going to help her get elected.
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    Did I say it?
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    Even husky,
    sexy voice just might appeal.
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    Evidence can be found though
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    that despite
    Mrs. Thatcher's suspected coaching,
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    her natural voice
    would often reassert itself.
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    I must say I can't stand
    those who carp and criticize
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    when they ought to be congratulating
    Britain on a magnificient achievement.
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    At this stage in her premiership,
    although the voice was very low,
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    it'd been sort of trained to be low.
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    Just wait a little more patiently.
    After all, not all results are in yet.
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    When she gets excited,
    those old shrills keep coming back.
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    I can't stand
    those who carp and criticize.
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    If you want
    to make it as a top politician,
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    you need to know how
    to deliver a great line.
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    If you see liberalization:
    come here to this gate!
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    Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate.
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    Known as "The Great Communicator,"
    President Ronald Reagan was reknown
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    for his ability to use his voice
    to work a crowd.
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    Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.
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    Among today's politicians,
    Barack Obama stands out
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    for his effect on an audience.
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    How does he do it?
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    Thank you, Iowa.
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    They said...
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    They said...
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    They said this day would never come.
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    Obama has used his voice
    to match his body,
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    to get gravatass?
    and yet a massive response.
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    The melody within his voice
    rouses people.
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    They start to join in with the rhythm
    of the words as they flow.
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    They believe themselves
    to be part of it.
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    It's a great trick of auditory.
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    They said
    our sights were set too high.
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    The canes? and the rhythm
    are hypnotic.
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    So he actually speaks on a beat.
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    It's a model of a Baptist preachure.
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    They said
    this country was too divided.
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    He's got an incredible resonance
    for his voice.
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    When he says: "They said... ",
  • Not Synced
    it's almost as if
    there's reburb on the voice.
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    He builds the voice up,
    starts down here, builds up,
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    builds up here
    and has that long long pause.
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    And then,
    he lets the audience have it.
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    We are one nation, one people
    and our time for change has come.
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    It's so powerful!
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    He doesn't really matter
    what he's saying
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    because his voice tells you
    what you should be feeling
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    about what he's saying;
    the words become irrelevant.
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    You might not even remember the words
    after he's finished speaking.
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    But you feel something
    really really powerful.
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    John McCain
    has a very different style.
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    I didn't need to tell you
    what the polls said you wanted to hear.
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    I didn't tell you
    what I knew to be false.
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    I didn't try to spend you.
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    John McCain uses his voice
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    almost in the exact opposite way
    that Barack Obama does.
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    Here, McCain is speaking
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    on the night he won
    the 2008 New Hampshire primary.
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    I just talked to the people
    of New Hampshire.
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    I talked about the country we love.
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    Number one: he's reading this speech,
    his eyes are down for most of the time.
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    The words are very important to him.
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    He has a little bit of a nasal voice.
    He speaks from up in his head.
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    And has sort of a little accent:
    he squeezes his words together
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    so it sounds like you're talking
    to a salesman of some sort.
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    Or someone who's a technician.
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    The work that awaits us
    in this hour, on our watch...
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    He's saying:
    "I'm not Mr. Slick Presentor.
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    I'm not someone who will wow you
    with the ryhthm of my voice.
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    I'm gonna tell you how it is. "
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    McCain's unadorn sound fits needly
    with the words of his speeches.
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    He makes a virtue
    of being a straight talker.
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    I will never surrender!
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    Tony Blair is another
    consumit? public speaker.
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    A master at judging
    how to pitch his vocal performance.
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    I say to the people of this country
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    we run for office as New Labour,
    we will govern as New Labour.
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    But our experts
    have identified at least one moment
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    when his performance
    was almost too perfect.
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    It's the morning of August 31, 1997.
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    Tony Blair has just received the news
    of the death of Princess Diana.
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    All eyes are on him.
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    I feel like everyone else
    in the country today,
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    utterly devastated.
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    Our thoughts and prayers
    are with Princess Diana's family.
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    Tony Blair,
    in this particular piece of footage,
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    is fantastically milking the sadness.
  • Not Synced
    Some of it is really sadness
    in this feature.
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    But Diana's death didn't affect him
    nearly as much as he's making out.
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    Normally, he has a very rapid delivery
    almost like a machine gunfire.
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    When somebody is being real,
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    authentically feeling something,
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    it isn't very that dramatically
    from their normal rate of speech.
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    Blair's delivery here
    seems studiously slow.
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    in particular to her sons and boys.
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    Our hearts go out to them.
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    You can hear him off
    and taking long breaths in or out.
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    He's giving a slightly less
    powerful voice for sadness.
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    He's using lots of...
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    pauses.
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    And you can see him preparing to act.
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    We are today
  • Not Synced
    a nation, in Britain,
    in a state of shock.
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    Then he makes the statement.
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    So the voice doesn't sound natural.
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    She was the people's princess.
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    And that's how she will stay,
    how she will remain.
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    You can see that he also...
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    swallows, really big swallows
    for the sadness as well.
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    Like the other aspects
    of body language,
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    our voices can be hard to control.
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    They can give us away.
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    Especially when we're under stress.
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    This is very personal for me.
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    On the eve of the crucial
    2008 New Hampshire primary,
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    Hillary Clinton is asked a question
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    that many feel changed the tide
    of the primary contests for a while.
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    As a woman, I know
    it's hard to get out of the house
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    and to get ready and my question is:
    how do you do it?
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    I couldn't do it
    if I didn't passionately believe
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    it was the right thing to do.
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    Then suddenly,
    the tone of Hillary's voice changes.
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    I have so many opportunities
    from this country.
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    I just don't wanna
    see this fall backwards.
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    Many commentators believed
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    that this moment
    helped swing the vote in her favor.
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    But was it real of fake emotion
    coming out in her voice?
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    This is very personnal for me.
    It's not just political or public.
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    I see what's happening.
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    And we have to reverse it.
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    And some people think
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    elections are a gain,
    it's like who's up or who's down.
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    It's about our country,
    our kids' futures.
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    It's really about all of us,
    together.
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    This is a difficult one because
    at this time in the campaign,
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    she was often being accused
    of being a little hard, cold.
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    It was almost like it was required
    that she should prove
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    that she's a woman
    and maybe show some emotion.
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    Some people think
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    elections are a gain,
    it's like who's up or who's down.
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    Her voice gets quiet,
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    and it even starts
    to crack on the word "elections".
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    She starts
    to have her voice fall apart.
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    If you just listen to her voice,
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    you can hear it crack and break up
  • Not Synced
    as she's speaking.
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    A lot of politicians have practiced
    and gotten that down pat.
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    In this case,
    you can hear it's real.
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    Others are not so sure.
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    It's about our country,
    our kids' futures.
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    If I was being synical,
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    and had coached Hillary
    to cry at some stage,
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    that'd be the moment to do it.
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    Body language works as a package.
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    Gestures, facial expressions,
    and the sound of the voice.
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    But what if we take away
    the visual clues?
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    How good are we then at decoding
    the secret messages of the human voice?
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    We devised an experiment
    to find out.
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    These Georgetown university students
    are listening to two audio clips.
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    All they know is that both recordings
    are of distressed parents
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    talking about their missing children
    in front of reporters.
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    First, Mark Lansford talking
    to reports in Florida in March 2005
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    about the search
    for his daughter Jessica.
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    She had been missing
    for nearly three weeks.
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    I have confidence
    in my sheriff's department.
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    And I truly believe in my heart
    that my daughter is coming home.
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    I just don't know when.
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    Sometimes,
    it's a little hard to swallow.
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    But you swallow it and keep searching
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    because that's what
    she wants me to do.
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    Lansford's search
    would sadly be in vain.
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    A few days later,
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    it was discovered that his daughter
    had been murdered by a local man.
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    Next, a recording of Susan Smith
    in South Carolina
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    whose two young sons
    had allegedly been abducted.
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    I came to express
    how much they are wanted back home.
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    This emotional public appeal
    occured in November 1994.
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    Ten days
    after the disappearance of her sons.
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    We love 'em, we miss 'em.
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    Later that same day,
    she would confess to their murder.
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    As the students listen,
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    their physiological reactions
    are being monitored.
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    Heart rate and the degree of sweating
    are both measured.
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    Deprived of any visual clues,
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    what is their impression
    of the two recordings?
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    I felt that the mother
    in the second recording
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    sounded really desperate.
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    You could hear that she really
    wanted her kids to come home.
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    For the majority of students,
    Smith's voice sounds very convincing.
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    How does Lansford compare?
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    I focus on searching for Jessi
    and try to block everything else.
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    You could tell
    he was also missing his daughter
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    but it wasn't as... engaging.
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    He seemed
    to be holding it together a lot more
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    until the very end,
    and then he cracked a little bit.
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    8 out the 10 students failed
    to identify anything in Smith's voice
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    that would suggest
    she had something to hide.
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    This shows
    that most people find it hard
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    to tell if someone is lying
    just from their voice.
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    But two did detect something
    that didn't ring true.
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    The woman didn't seem
    to be talking about her own children
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    but other people's children.
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    I thought her emotions
    seemed a little more forced
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    than the man's. Comparing the two,
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    I thought the man
    was more sincere in his reaction.
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    The physiological data
    from these two students
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    revealed their bodies weren't picking up
    on something in Smith's voice.
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    Now, new technology is trying
    to identify the subtle changes
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    that occur in our voices when we lie.
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    Could this be the key
    to detecting deception?
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    It's now possible
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    to analyze a voice recording
    with some scientific precision.
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    This recording
    is of Lee Harvey Oswald,
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    arrested shortly
    after President Kennedy was shot.
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    Lynn Robbins,
    CEO of Voice Analysis Technologies,
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    is assessing Oswald's voice
    with an investigative tool
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    used by over 70 different
    law-enforcement and federal agencies.
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    It's called:
    "Layered Voice Analysis", LVA.
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    The brain communicates
    with the human voice box.
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    It's not something you can control.
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    With this technology,
    it's difficult to learn how to beat it.
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    You would never be able to beat it.
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    As we speak
    and think about what we're saying,
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    our brain is sending messages
    to our voice box,
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    which constantly varies
    the sound our voices produce.
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    Layered voice analysis
    evaluates the several audio variations
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    labels them in different categories
    of emotional mental activity.
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    Such as inaccuracy.
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    Or probable false.
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    I pratically know nothing
    about this situation.
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    As Lee Harvey Oswald speaks,
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    the categories
    of mental activity identified by LVA
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    are giving number values that appear
    on the right hand-side of the screen.
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    The numbers mean everything:
    the higher the number in some values,
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    the better the chances they're not
    being completely honest with you.
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    Now watch what happens to the read-out
    when Oswald is asked this question:
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    Did you kill the President?
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    No, I've not been charged with that.
    Nobody has said that to me yet.
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    The first thing I heard about it
    was when the newspaper reporters
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    in the hall...
    asked me that question.
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    The high numbers appearing
    in the category "probable false"
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    suggest that in this instance,
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    it's highly likely
    that Oswald was lying.
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    Nobody's told me anything,
    except that I'm accused of...
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    of murdering a police man.
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    I know nothing more than that.
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    And I do request
    that someone come forward.
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    That is a false statement.
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    "I know nothing more than that. "
    He did know what took place.
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    It appears that he really knew
    what took place
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    because in this whole statement,
    there's inaccurate and false.
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    Obviously, Robbins' analyzing someone
    who was in a stressful situation.
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    Where their voice was more likely
    to show signs of lying.
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    But can this technology
    pick up signs of deception
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    from someone
    who is not under any stress?
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    I am not a fan of this area.
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    Body language expert Janine Driver
    is going to act as a guinea pig
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    and answer a series
    of personnal questions from Robbins.
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    I have two sisters, they have kids.
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    I lived with Kayleen for a year.
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    It's all truthfull responses.
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    Until they get on to the subject
    of Janine's choice of college.
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    They tell me the further state college
    away from Massachussetts
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    it was North Adams.
    I didn't care where it was.
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    It could have been in Virginia.
    -You cared where it was!
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    -Did I care?
    -Yes, you did care.
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    LVA identifies
    a false statement from Janine.
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    Just as with Lee Harvey Oswald.
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    A revealing change in the voice
    has been identified.
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    I'd rather be in the mountains
    rather than the ocean.
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    Why is that so stressful?
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    It comes as stressful
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    because I'm terrified of sharks,
    I don't go swimming in the ocean.
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    screwed me up forever and ever
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    because I won't go
    past my ankles in the ocean.
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    I even see my body language,
    I'm rubbing my hands.
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    Now, we're getting a stress reading.
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    And Janine's gesture,
    rubbing her hands,
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    is confirming that stress in her voice.
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    This technology does seem to detect
    what we're genuinely feeling.
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    We pay so much attention
    to the words people speak
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    but 93% of human communication
    is delivered through body language.
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    When there's a conflict between
    the words and the body language,
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    always believe the body language.
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    Read body language accurately
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    and you'll look at the world
    through new eyes.
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    A celebrity secret exposed
    by an unguarded gesture.
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    A lier unmasked by her own face.
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    A power stuggle played out
    beneath a false geniality.
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    And when a politican
    tries to convince an audience
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    with winning words,
    press that record button.
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    Rewind,
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    and take another look.
Title:
Secrets of Body Language
Description:

Body language is a form of non-verbal communication, which consists of body posture, gestures, facial expressions, and eye movements. Humans send and interpret such signals almost entirely subconsciously.

John Borg attests that human communication consists of 93 percent body language and paralinguistic cues, while only 7% of communication consists of words themselves;[1] however, Albert Mehrabian, the researcher whose 1960s work is the source of these statistics, has stated that this is a misunderstanding of the findings[2] (see Misinterpretation of Mehrabian's rule). Others assert that "Research has suggested that between 60 and 70 percent of all meaning is derived from nonverbal behavior."[3]

Body language may provide clues as to the attitude or state of mind of a person. For example, it may indicate aggression, attentiveness, boredom, relaxed state, pleasure, amusement, and intoxication, among many other cues.

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Video Language:
English
Duration:
01:30:13

English, British subtitles

Incomplete

Revisions