0:00:02.696,0:00:05.546
A walk to convey power.

0:00:05.546,0:00:08.925
A greeting that gets the upper hand.

0:00:08.975,0:00:12.691
A gesture that can hide a lie.

0:00:12.691,0:00:17.452
Body language can betray us.

0:00:17.452,0:00:19.973
When a president's under pressure.

0:00:19.973,0:00:23.899
Or celebrities in the media glare.

0:00:23.899,0:00:27.556
Look beyond the words.

0:00:27.556,0:00:30.068
Their body language says it all.

0:00:30.068,0:00:31.391
-It's a sudden poise.[br]-Self-touch gesture.

0:00:31.391,0:00:36.178
-Hot spots.[br]-Microexpressions.

0:00:36.178,0:00:41.290
In this special,[br]experts will dissect the body,

0:00:41.290,0:00:44.194
the face,

0:00:44.194,0:00:46.194
and the voice

0:00:46.194,0:00:57.000
to reveal its hidden meanings,[br]its secrets.

0:00:57.000,0:01:01.880
This is a world where what we say[br]is all important.

0:01:01.880,0:01:05.609
They said this day would never come.

0:01:05.609,0:01:07.762
We hang on every word.

0:01:07.762,0:01:12.647
Tomorrow, we begin again.[br]Thank you.

0:01:12.647,0:01:15.192
But are we getting all the message?

0:01:15.192,0:01:17.850
Older, darker, psychopaths,[br]serial killers' handwriting-

0:01:17.850,0:01:21.305
Research has shown[br]that just 7% of human communication

0:01:21.305,0:01:23.771
is through the actual words.

0:01:23.771,0:01:27.265
93% of what we communicate[br]with others is non-verbal.

0:01:27.265,0:01:28.856
Bam bam bam!

0:01:28.856,0:01:30.935
93%! Think about that.

0:01:30.935,0:01:35.642
So, it's our tone of voice, pitch,[br]posture, microexpressions on our face.

0:01:35.642,0:01:38.123
Different gestures that we might use.

0:01:38.123,0:01:41.174
We put all the significance[br]on 7% for words.

0:01:41.174,0:01:44.308
We shouldn't be doing that.

0:01:44.308,0:01:45.897
Beyond the words,

0:01:45.897,0:01:50.821
life's a fascinating world[br]of non-verbal communication.

0:01:50.821,0:01:55.645
The secret world of body language.

0:01:55.645,0:01:59.145
We're about to watch[br]our wannabe world leaders.

0:01:59.145,0:02:02.113
Our sport stars.[br]-Good morning.

0:02:02.113,0:02:05.427
We'll revisit famous figures[br]from recent history.

0:02:05.427,0:02:07.429
-Did you kill our president?[br]-No.

0:02:07.429,0:02:10.614
Because people have got to know[br]whether or not their president's a crook.

0:02:10.614,0:02:12.768
I'm not a crook.

0:02:12.768,0:02:15.344
I've earned everything I've got.

0:02:15.344,0:02:19.021
We'll view our celebrities[br]with fresh eyes.

0:02:19.021,0:02:21.665
We're going to show[br]how people in the public eye

0:02:21.665,0:02:26.040
try to control the way[br]we perceive them.

0:02:26.040,0:02:29.618
And how sometimes,[br]despite their best efforts,

0:02:29.618,0:02:32.053
the truth leaks out.

0:02:32.053,0:02:33.728
Whomever it might be,

0:02:33.728,0:02:35.960
if the truth is told,[br]then my name will be cleared.

0:02:35.960,0:02:38.130
And I can move on with my life.

0:02:38.130,0:02:40.307
If you know what to look for.

0:02:40.307,0:02:42.996
It's not what you're seeing,[br]it's what you're not seeing.

0:02:42.996,0:02:46.304
You're not seeing an angered response.

0:02:46.304,0:02:48.018
We're going to equip you

0:02:48.018,0:02:52.633
with the tools to read[br]those body language giveaways.

0:02:52.633,0:02:54.940
You're getting a head and peek

0:02:54.940,0:02:58.321
into the world[br]of "what's really going on there. "

0:02:58.321,0:03:00.382
When you can read body language,

0:03:00.382,0:03:03.178
every moment you spend with others,[br]you can make it valuable.

0:03:03.178,0:03:07.461
And if you're in business,[br]you can make it profitable.

0:03:07.461,0:03:09.826
Body language is crucial.

0:03:09.826,0:03:12.607
For those who study[br]non-verbal communication,

0:03:12.607,0:03:15.253
one of the first indicators[br]they look out for

0:03:15.253,0:03:26.564
is the way someone's body moves.

0:03:26.564,0:03:28.833
At this Camp David summit,

0:03:28.833,0:03:33.750
President Bush is the host to visiting[br]Russian President Vladimir Putin.

0:03:33.750,0:03:36.972
Vladimir Putin knows the world[br]is watching him on American soil.

0:03:36.972,0:03:39.257
And he also knows[br]that his people are watching.

0:03:39.257,0:03:41.928
So he must show strength.

0:03:41.928,0:03:46.931
Here, though, both leaders are making[br]a strong body language statement.

0:03:46.931,0:03:48.978
Here we are,[br]two powerful world leaders,

0:03:48.978,0:03:51.404
in a sort of striding contest.

0:03:51.404,0:03:53.701
Because, of course,[br]the fastest you stride,

0:03:53.701,0:03:55.939
the more strong,[br]powerful, and fit you are.

0:03:55.939,0:04:00.298
It's not just the speed of walking[br]that sends out messages.

0:04:00.298,0:04:05.443
Vladimir Putin and George Bush[br]are fantastically powerful men.

0:04:05.443,0:04:08.337
Have two completely[br]different types of power.

0:04:08.337,0:04:11.790
And it evidences itself[br]through body language.

0:04:11.790,0:04:15.662
I thank you all for coming.

0:04:15.662,0:04:20.229
Vladimir Putin has what I would call[br]"a very animal power. "

0:04:20.229,0:04:22.078
A strong man power.

0:04:22.078,0:04:27.074
And he walks by having his shoulders[br]boucing back and forth.

0:04:27.074,0:04:30.656
He walks, he also makes gestures.[br]He's very active.

0:04:30.656,0:04:33.543
I would almost call it[br]a kind of sexy power.

0:04:33.543,0:04:38.618
George Bush, on the other hand,[br]has a more traditional American power.

0:04:38.618,0:04:41.317
There's very little movement[br]above the shoulders.

0:04:41.317,0:04:43.686
He's trying to look[br]like he's controled.

0:04:43.686,0:04:46.798
There's no extra wasted energy.

0:04:46.798,0:04:48.838
I thank you all for coming.

0:04:48.838,0:04:51.995
Perceiving the body language message[br]of these two powerful presidents

0:04:51.995,0:04:53.779
is straightforward.

0:04:53.779,0:05:05.014
But body language is often complex[br]and easily misunderstood.

0:05:05.014,0:05:08.488
Here, President Clinton[br]leads Israeli and Palestinian leaders,

0:05:08.488,0:05:12.083
Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat,[br]out before the press

0:05:12.083,0:05:14.434
during peace negociations.

0:05:14.434,0:05:16.353
It's all smiles for the cameras.

0:05:16.353,0:05:21.193
But behind the facade of bon ami,[br]there's a power struggle going on.

0:05:21.193,0:05:26.031
Clinton explains that none of them[br]will take any questions.

0:05:26.031,0:05:29.025
We pledged to each other[br]we would answer no questions.

0:05:29.025,0:05:33.149
Offer no comments.[br]So I have to set a good example.

0:05:33.149,0:05:51.709
The body language[br]then revealed just why that was.

0:05:51.709,0:05:55.957
Almost a physical fight.

0:05:55.957,0:05:58.562
Many viewed this apparently[br]light-hearted tussle as a sign

0:05:58.562,0:06:02.301
that Arafat and Barak[br]were getting on well.

0:06:02.301,0:06:03.899
Think again.

0:06:03.899,0:06:08.975
There is a great meaning behind[br]who goes through the door first.

0:06:08.975,0:06:12.306
Here in the West,[br]letting someone through the door first

0:06:12.306,0:06:14.633
doesn't really matter;[br]it's polite, maybe.

0:06:14.633,0:06:17.988
But in the Middle East,[br]it has a significant cultural impact.

0:06:17.988,0:06:20.434
The host, the power person, says:

0:06:20.434,0:06:23.613
"I'm in control,[br]I'll help you through the door. "

0:06:23.613,0:06:28.463
"I'll show you the way. "

0:06:28.463,0:06:33.295
Throw in the fear and tension present[br]in most Middle East negociations

0:06:33.295,0:06:37.544
and suddely, the desire of both Arafat[br]and Barak not to go through that door

0:06:37.544,0:06:41.415
before the other[br]starts to make sense.

0:06:41.415,0:06:44.877
This is a classic example,[br]in an extreme way,

0:06:44.877,0:06:48.256
of how the last man through the door[br]is the winner.

0:06:48.256,0:06:52.523
Barak reaches for Yasser Arafat.

0:06:52.523,0:06:57.796
Arafat grabs his arm, moves around[br]and starts waggling his finger at Barak

0:06:57.796,0:07:05.405
who then uses it as opportunity[br]to move around to actually be behind.

0:07:05.405,0:07:11.417
Then grabs Arafat, holds him by the arm[br]and shoves him through the door.

0:07:11.417,0:07:15.713
You've got fear and power struggle

0:07:15.713,0:07:21.953
showing in big bold[br]body language movements.

0:07:21.953,0:07:24.418
Arafat and Barak are not the only ones

0:07:24.418,0:07:29.098
to appreciate the significance[br]of "the last man through the door move. "

0:07:29.098,0:07:35.166
Even when friends and allies meet,[br]subtle cues reveal who's talked of.

0:07:35.166,0:07:36.746
2003.

0:07:36.746,0:07:41.600
British Prime Minister Tony Blair[br]plays host to President Bush.

0:07:41.600,0:07:44.245
In this particular example[br]we're looking at, 10 Downing Street,

0:07:44.245,0:07:49.853
and one would expect Tony Blair[br]to be very territorial.

0:07:49.853,0:07:52.551
It's his territory,[br]he should be host.

0:07:52.551,0:07:55.679
He should be in charge, and the boss[br]in terms of who goes through the door.

0:07:55.679,0:07:58.583
And yet,[br]Tony Blair, the Prime Minister,

0:07:58.583,0:08:02.318
accepts that the seniority[br]and place here is the President's.

0:08:02.318,0:08:05.652
So President Bush says:[br]"Photos are over".

0:08:05.652,0:08:06.989
Gives him a little nod.

0:08:06.989,0:08:09.261
And so they start going in.

0:08:09.261,0:08:11.947
The President's in charge[br]of the choreography.

0:08:11.947,0:08:14.229
He goes through the door last,[br]used his left hand

0:08:14.229,0:08:17.705
and taps Blair forward,[br]not shoving Blair through the door.

0:08:17.705,0:08:21.871
But helping him through the door,[br]meaning Bush is in charge.

0:08:21.871,0:08:24.660
As they go in,[br]the President being in charge

0:08:24.660,0:08:27.448
and wanting to be clear[br]that he's in charge,

0:08:27.448,0:08:31.690
not only displays the ownership symbol[br]of putting his hand on Blair's back

0:08:31.690,0:08:35.823
but then he displays[br]a further bit of dominance.

0:08:35.823,0:08:37.770
He gives him three little taps,

0:08:37.770,0:08:40.326
just to let him know[br]that actually he's a good little boy.

0:08:40.326,0:08:43.592
And that George W. Bush is boss.

0:08:43.592,0:08:47.420
A pat on the back[br]is one way to demonstrate power.

0:08:47.420,0:08:50.298
Getting the upper hand is another.

0:08:50.298,0:08:56.506
Quite literally.

0:08:56.506,0:08:58.760
When body language savvy[br]world leaders get together,

0:08:58.760,0:09:04.546
they know there's one sure moment[br]to demonstrate dominance.

0:09:04.546,0:09:07.094
The handshake photo op.

0:09:07.094,0:09:08.793
If you're looking[br]at the left of the picture,

0:09:08.793,0:09:10.225
they always want to be standing[br]on the left of the picture.

0:09:10.225,0:09:11.761
Let me demonstrate.

0:09:11.761,0:09:14.375
If I'm shaking hands here,[br]what's gonna happen?

0:09:14.375,0:09:15.693
I'm at the bottom of the handshake,[br]my palm is facing up.

0:09:15.693,0:09:18.699
That's a very vulnerable position.

0:09:18.699,0:09:21.729
If I'm shaking hands here,[br]and I've got my arm around the person,

0:09:21.729,0:09:24.329
I'm shaking hands,[br]who's got the upper hand?

0:09:24.329,0:09:25.543
I've got the upper hand.

0:09:25.543,0:09:27.640
If someone's coming in[br]to shake your hand like this,

0:09:27.640,0:09:30.123
here's a nice solid handshake.[br]It should be straight and firm.

0:09:30.123,0:09:32.211
If it's not-

0:09:32.211,0:09:35.803
Janine Driver teaches[br]body language evening classes.

0:09:35.803,0:09:40.841
She believes the visual impact[br]of important handshakes

0:09:40.841,0:09:44.356
was first appreciated in 1970.

0:09:44.356,0:09:48.101
When Elvis Presley famously[br]paid a visit to President Nixon,

0:09:48.101,0:09:49.685
at the White House.

0:09:49.685,0:09:53.528
We see pictures of Nixon[br]shaking hands with Elvis Presley.

0:09:53.528,0:09:56.985
Nixon's got the upper hand.[br]That's where the expression comes from.

0:09:56.985,0:09:58.608
I've got the upper hand here.

0:09:58.608,0:10:00.922
Now that people know[br]about this in politics,

0:10:00.922,0:10:06.493
you see them jolting for position[br]when it comes time to take a picture.

0:10:06.493,0:10:10.611
At this summit in 2006[br]hosted by Vladimir Putin,

0:10:10.611,0:10:13.583
the Russian leader[br]was on full handshake alert.

0:10:13.583,0:10:16.126
He strategically[br]placed himself in a position

0:10:16.126,0:10:19.556
where they're coming forward,[br]he's gonna get the dominant position.

0:10:19.556,0:10:22.926
They're coming out of cars this way,[br]coming up to him, cameras are here.

0:10:22.926,0:10:26.596
Every single picture,[br]who gets the upper hand?

0:10:26.596,0:10:27.570
Putin.

0:10:27.570,0:10:30.374
Then up strides Tony Blair.

0:10:30.374,0:10:35.909
We see that Tony Blair is going[br]to grab on to Vladimir Putin's hand.

0:10:35.909,0:10:39.180
The classing thing[br]of grabbing somebody by the elbow

0:10:39.180,0:10:41.583
to show who is actually the leader.

0:10:41.583,0:10:45.851
Score 1 for Blair.

0:10:45.851,0:10:49.578
Next, it's President Bush's turn.

0:10:49.578,0:10:51.527
George Bush, on the other hand,

0:10:51.527,0:10:56.377
then comes in and realizes[br]he's on the wrong side of the photo.

0:10:56.377,0:10:57.365
Morning.

0:10:57.365,0:11:00.450
So when he reaches in to grab,[br]he immediately crowds Putin.

0:11:00.450,0:11:04.381
Instead of just grabbing[br]and letting Putin grab his arm,

0:11:04.381,0:11:07.361
George Bush puts his shoulder[br]against Putin's so that Putin's left arm

0:11:07.361,0:11:12.421
is no way in a position[br]to grab hold of Bush's right arm.

0:11:12.421,0:11:15.784
Then as soon as Bush turns out,[br]he immediately goes for a little tap.

0:11:15.784,0:11:20.272
And stir on Putin's back[br]to actually give him a push.

0:11:20.272,0:11:23.024
And Putin,[br]making sure not to be outdone,

0:11:23.024,0:11:27.001
puts his right arm up[br]and give Bush a little tap as well.

0:11:27.001,0:11:31.119
We'll call that a draw.

0:11:31.119,0:11:32.197
Even seated,

0:11:32.197,0:11:35.002
the bodies of world leaders[br]can speak volumes.

0:11:35.002,0:11:42.027
Here's a master class from FDR.

0:11:42.027,0:11:46.442
With President Roosevelt presiding,[br]the historic conference began.

0:11:46.442,0:11:48.896
February 1945.

0:11:48.896,0:11:52.517
Franklin D. Roosevelt,[br]Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill

0:11:52.517,0:11:56.520
famously meet at the Yalta conference.

0:11:56.520,0:11:58.028
The "Big Three",[br]surrounded by the chiefs of staff,

0:11:58.028,0:12:01.539
with their staffs and civilian officials

0:12:01.539,0:12:05.896
posed for the cameras[br]in the patio of Livadia palace.

0:12:05.896,0:12:07.563
The Allies had worked together[br]for three years.

0:12:07.563,0:12:11.536
But now,[br]with the end of the war in sight,

0:12:11.536,0:12:14.810
Roosevelt knew all that[br]was set to change.

0:12:14.810,0:12:19.713
We see three powerful men[br]all wanting to dominate.

0:12:19.713,0:12:20.620
Visually,

0:12:20.620,0:12:22.686
Roosevelt's in the center.

0:12:22.686,0:12:28.300
The central figure always appears[br]to us to be the most important.

0:12:28.300,0:12:30.889
Even when he's talking to Stalin,[br]he turns the other way.

0:12:30.889,0:12:33.727
And Stalin leans in.

0:12:33.727,0:12:36.464
Stalin is actually,[br]if you like, following Roosevelt.

0:12:36.464,0:12:40.438
Roosevelt is the real leader[br]of the two.

0:12:40.438,0:12:42.131
Meanwhile,[br]Churchill's body language

0:12:42.131,0:12:46.004
is conveying[br]Britain's diminishing status.

0:12:46.004,0:12:49.996
It doesn't look as though Churchill[br]is a full and equal participant.

0:12:49.996,0:12:54.417
Not only is his posture hunched up,[br]but Roosevelt barely ever talks to him.

0:12:54.417,0:12:58.916
And Stalin doesn't really meet him,[br]except to shake his hand.

0:12:58.916,0:13:02.543
Churchill has both elbows out.

0:13:02.543,0:13:07.071
But the top is that[br]he's holding his hat in his lap

0:13:07.071,0:13:09.995
to cover up his private parts.

0:13:09.995,0:13:12.661
Which feel kind of honorable[br]in this situation.

0:13:12.661,0:13:17.390
You can see how each of these men[br]are master in their own country.

0:13:17.390,0:13:19.629
How they interact with one another,

0:13:19.629,0:13:26.508
what their relationship is[br]in the world stage.

0:13:26.508,0:13:30.043
Ladies and gentlemen,[br]the President of the United States.

0:13:30.043,0:13:33.486
A politician's body language[br]can easily give them away.

0:13:33.486,0:13:36.459
Especially when he's under pressure.

0:13:36.459,0:13:39.131
Ladies and gentlemen,[br]I welcome this opportunity tonight

0:13:39.131,0:13:42.470
to meet with the managing editor[br]of the nation's newspapers.

0:13:42.470,0:13:46.466
It's the night of November 13, 1973.

0:13:46.466,0:13:48.828
Watergate is at high tide.

0:13:48.828,0:13:52.234
President Nixon holds a live[br]televised question and answer session

0:13:52.234,0:13:54.957
with the nation's newspaper editors.

0:13:54.957,0:14:04.690
His body language says it all.

0:14:04.690,0:14:08.644
Nixon knew it was not going[br]to be an easy evening.

0:14:08.644,0:14:10.371
-Mr. Quinn.[br]-Mr. President,

0:14:10.371,0:14:13.023
this morning, governor asked you[br]at Florida addressed this group-

0:14:13.023,0:14:14.701
Stop.

0:14:14.701,0:14:19.403
Right there we see Nixons standing[br]with his hands behind his back,

0:14:19.403,0:14:21.752
which gives the indication[br]that he has nothing to hide,

0:14:21.752,0:14:22.835
he's got this open front.

0:14:22.835,0:14:26.135
However, he is holding his wrist[br]like this behind his back,

0:14:26.135,0:14:27.478
and he's touching himself like this.

0:14:27.478,0:14:30.329
Its called the self-touch gesture.

0:14:30.329,0:14:34.557
He's basically saying: "OK.[br]Here we go. I can get through this."

0:14:34.557,0:14:40.565
His words are combative,[br]but his body language betrays anxiety.

0:14:40.565,0:14:42.727
As far as money is concerned,

0:14:42.727,0:14:44.471
how was it possible for you[br]to have this kind of investment

0:14:44.471,0:14:48.592
when all you earned[br]was 800,000 dollars as President?

0:14:48.592,0:14:51.028
I should point out I wasnt a pauper[br]when I became president.

0:14:51.028,0:14:54.593
I wasnt very rich as Presidents goal.

0:14:54.593,0:14:56.879
You can see in his body[br]as he is trying to defend himself

0:14:56.879,0:15:00.363
against the sensory the press called[br]that he's acting like a pack of wolves.

0:15:00.363,0:15:03.719
He is holding himself away[br]from that podium

0:15:03.719,0:15:06.847
like he is going[br]to be attacked from it.

0:15:06.847,0:15:08.041
In this case,

0:15:08.041,0:15:13.290
Nixon is trying to protect himself[br]from some searching questions.

0:15:13.290,0:15:14.272
That I welcome[br]this kind of examination.

0:15:14.272,0:15:17.713
Because people have got to know[br]if their presidents a crook.

0:15:17.713,0:15:23.172
I'm not a crook.[br]I've earned everything Ive got.

0:15:23.172,0:15:27.649
He says "I am not a crook,"[br]and immediately goes into retreat.

0:15:27.649,0:15:30.423
His body backs away.

0:15:30.423,0:15:33.062
Really clear tell.

0:15:33.062,0:15:34.562
When somebody makes a statement,

0:15:34.562,0:15:37.380
a definitive statement,[br]and immediately retreats,

0:15:37.380,0:15:39.430
we know they don't think[br]they've told the truth,

0:15:39.430,0:15:41.646
they know they didn't tell the truth,[br]They were escaping that lie.

0:15:42.353,0:15:47.285
Nixon also suddenly crosses his arms.

0:15:47.285,0:15:52.491
He goes immediately from that,[br]quick arm cross to protect himself.

0:15:52.491,0:15:53.931
Oh, my God!

0:15:53.931,0:15:55.100
I just said something!

0:15:55.100,0:16:00.054
And also did the best of my ability.

0:16:00.054,0:16:02.307
Right there, shaking his head no.

0:16:02.307,0:16:04.401
Time and again,[br]throughout this exchange,

0:16:04.401,0:16:09.718
Nixon displays[br]tellingly defensive body language.

0:16:09.718,0:16:11.139
Stop. Look at this.

0:16:12.108,0:16:16.019
Everyone's body language is different.

0:16:16.019,0:16:19.415
Each person has its own quirks.

0:16:19.431,0:16:22.368
To unlock the secrets[br]of body language,

0:16:22.475,0:16:24.885
the experts rely on[br]an analytical process

0:16:24.885,0:16:31.845
they call "norming".

0:16:31.845,0:16:35.258
When it comes[br]to deciphering body language,

0:16:35.258,0:16:37.879
norming is crucial.

0:16:37.879,0:16:40.069
Reading body language,

0:16:40.069,0:16:42.208
you're looking for what's normal[br]for that situation.

0:16:42.208,0:16:46.480
And you're looking for what's normal[br]for that particular person.

0:16:46.480,0:16:50.358
Using the 24/7 coverage[br]of politicians and celebrities,

0:16:50.358,0:16:54.402
the experts construct a template[br]of what's normal for that person.

0:16:54.402,0:16:56.255
See what they do[br]when they're under no pressure.

0:16:56.255,0:16:58.293
See what the person[br]in front of you is doing

0:16:58.293,0:17:00.731
when you're asking them[br]regular questions about life.

0:17:00.731,0:17:02.978
Then you have a norm.

0:17:02.978,0:17:05.601
But even without the chance[br]to get this norm,

0:17:05.601,0:17:09.891
experts can still read[br]someone's body language with accuracy.

0:17:09.891,0:17:12.198
If you don't know[br]what's normal for that person,

0:17:12.198,0:17:14.146
you go back to the context again

0:17:14.146,0:17:17.334
and say: "What would be normal[br]in that situation?"

0:17:17.334,0:17:21.499
If I am asked to look[br]at a suspect in a crime,

0:17:21.499,0:17:23.721
I'm thinking[br]"What would be a normal response

0:17:23.721,0:17:25.817
for a husband whose wife is missing?

0:17:25.817,0:17:30.157
"What would be a normal response[br]for parents if their children are missing?"

0:17:30.157,0:17:33.273
And how far from normal[br]is this behaviour?

0:17:33.273,0:17:36.525
When someone's body language[br]departs from the norm,

0:17:36.525,0:17:47.053
it can often be a sign[br]that all is not well.

0:17:47.053,0:17:50.084
Britney Spears makes a perfect[br]body language case study

0:17:50.084,0:17:56.213
because of her love-hate relationship[br]with living in the public eye.

0:17:56.213,0:17:58.616
Spears was in the hate mode here.

0:17:58.616,0:18:01.248
In terms of how we protect ourselves[br]when we're in trouble,

0:18:01.248,0:18:03.701
the first thing you have to do[br]if you're a celebrity

0:18:03.701,0:18:05.670
is to cover your eyes.

0:18:05.670,0:18:08.336
If people can see your eyes,[br]they can see your soul.

0:18:08.336,0:18:11.032
So she puts on dark glasses[br]whether it's night or day.

0:18:11.032,0:18:13.627
Irrelevant. The dark glasses go on.

0:18:13.627,0:18:23.470
These signs of distress are in contrast[br]to the Britney of earlier times.

0:18:23.470,0:18:28.652
Everything was spontaneous,[br]relaxed and "look at me. "

0:18:46.246,0:18:47.344
Now, she's messed up.

0:18:47.360,0:18:53.537
And her body language shows[br]that lack of control over herself.

0:18:53.537,0:18:53.538
Her body language is very defensive[br]whereas it used to be welcoming.

0:18:57.338,0:18:59.931
She's closing down[br]and looking panicky

0:18:59.931,0:19:04.448
whereas she used to be[br]absolutely adoring the limelight.

0:19:04.448,0:19:06.580
Under this kind of intense scrutiny,

0:19:07.056,0:19:09.286
a celebrity's body language[br]needs a helping hand.

0:19:09.286,0:19:12.661
We can only guess it was[br]sort of coaching or advice

0:19:12.661,0:19:14.926
that someone in her position is getting.

0:19:15.126,0:19:18.751
I'm sure[br]she's being advised all the time.

0:19:18.751,0:19:21.117
She's not alone.

0:19:21.117,0:19:23.033
Take Paris Hilton.

0:19:23.033,0:19:25.340
She rarely has a night in.

0:19:25.432,0:19:35.851
So how would she behave[br]on a night out... of jail?

0:19:35.851,0:19:38.368
When Paris Hilton[br]is released from jail,

0:19:38.368,0:19:44.264
as she emerges into the night,[br]she knows the world is watching.

0:19:44.264,0:19:46.846
She knows or has been told[br]that she's got to demonstrate

0:19:46.846,0:19:48.795
that she's learned her lesson.

0:19:48.795,0:19:51.105
After all,[br]she's actually been to jail.

0:19:51.105,0:19:53.512
So she can't come out[br]and be her normal playful self

0:19:53.512,0:19:55.595
and jump on a table[br]and start lapdancing.

0:19:55.595,0:19:59.385
Because this moment[br]doesn't warrant such behaviour.

0:19:59.385,0:20:02.108
Her body language has been[br]carefully planned in advance.

0:20:03.769,0:20:03.769
As she walks along,[br]she straightens herself up a little

0:20:03.769,0:20:06.936
because she knows she's on.

0:20:06.936,0:20:09.368
She does an very unusual gesture.

0:20:09.368,0:20:11.318
A little kind of prim pose[br]where she gets her hands,

0:20:11.379,0:20:13.547
crosses her fingers[br]that she holds in front of herself,

0:20:13.547,0:20:14.350
like a very good girl.

0:20:14.350,0:20:22.390
I've never seen her do that gesture[br]in any other situation.

0:20:22.390,0:20:25.412
In the same way[br]some people arrive fashionably late,

0:20:25.412,0:20:29.394
she's leaving prison[br]fashionably punished.

0:20:29.394,0:20:33.102
Paris Hilton's[br]calculated little girl performance

0:20:33.102,0:20:35.983
was her way of dealing[br]with the inevitable media frenzy

0:20:35.983,0:20:40.572
surrounding her release from jail.

0:20:40.572,0:20:44.970
Politicians, like celebrities,[br]are always in the media spotlight.

0:20:44.970,0:20:46.939
But one world leader has a unique way

0:20:46.939,0:20:50.305
of using body language[br]to slide through any situation,

0:20:50.305,0:20:52.555
however embarrassing:

0:20:52.555,0:21:03.885
George W. Bush.

0:21:03.885,0:21:07.108
The thing about Bush, no matter[br]if he says something wrong

0:21:07.108,0:21:10.106
or does some silly mistake...

0:21:10.152,0:21:16.534
What happens with him[br]is he gets like a kid.

0:21:22.718,0:21:26.106
He becomes this little kid, like,[br]"I made a mistake. "

0:21:26.106,0:21:28.202
He does a full-shoulder shrug,

0:21:28.202,0:21:31.348
look you in the eye and say[br]"I tried to get off the store, didn't work".

0:21:31.348,0:21:35.265
I tried to escape. It didn't work.

0:21:35.265,0:21:35.269
-It's likeable.[br]-Thank you all.

0:21:35.269,0:21:43.251
This playful, likeable trait[br]that if you saw your 5-year-old kid,

0:21:43.251,0:21:46.513
you'd want to pinch his little cheek.[br]But it's the President of the USA!

0:21:46.513,0:21:53.053
Bush's body language reveals[br]his resilience to his own mistakes.

0:21:53.067,0:21:53.191
There's an old saying in Tennesse,[br]I know it's in Texas, maybe in Tennesse,

0:21:54.191,0:22:03.959
that says: "Fool me once, shame on...

0:22:03.959,0:22:08.176
Shame on you.

0:22:08.176,0:22:11.464
The fool can't get fooled again.

0:22:11.464,0:22:15.168
A beautiful example of G. W. Bush[br]being completely lost

0:22:15.168,0:22:18.441
in the middle of what he's saying.

0:22:18.441,0:22:20.551
He pauses a long time,

0:22:20.551,0:22:23.298
he knows that the next word[br]is "shame on you. "

0:22:23.298,0:22:26.289
But he knows also[br]that he's lost the next sentence.

0:22:26.289,0:22:27.986
He has no idea where he's going.

0:22:27.986,0:22:31.461
What you see with his head[br]is "Fool me once"

0:22:31.461,0:22:33.886
and he bends down like this,

0:22:33.886,0:22:35.260
like they're about[br]to throw tomatoes at him.

0:22:35.260,0:22:40.843
The fool can't get fooled again.

0:22:40.843,0:22:43.008
"Fool me once, shame on you"[br]and then he comes up

0:22:43.008,0:22:45.951
and misquotes the who.[br]"Won't get fooled again. "

0:22:45.951,0:22:48.494
Fool me, can't get fooled again.

0:22:48.494,0:22:51.443
There's this long pause[br]where he's evaluating

0:22:51.443,0:22:54.403
if he's made[br]a complete fool of himself.

0:22:54.403,0:22:56.610
And then, he carries on regardless.

0:22:56.610,0:23:03.079
We gotta understand the nature[br]of the regime we're dealing with.

0:23:03.079,0:23:05.560
Body language matters.

0:23:05.560,0:23:09.116
If you want to be President[br]of the United States, it's vital.

0:23:09.116,0:23:13.761
The facts are that he has said,[br]in the last few weeks,

0:23:13.869,0:23:18.007
that he really liked[br]the ideas of the Republicans

0:23:18.022,0:23:22.053
over the last 10 to 15 years.

0:23:22.254,0:23:22.254
Politicians like Hillary Clinton[br]and Barack Obama

0:23:22.254,0:23:26.981
know that words[br]are only part of their message.

0:23:28.918,0:23:37.921
Voters are also influenced[br]by the image they portray.

0:23:37.921,0:23:37.922
When did it don on politicians[br]that body language was so powerful?

0:23:44.877,0:23:44.877
It's 1960.

0:23:44.877,0:23:49.554
Vice-president R. Nixon[br]and Senator J. F. Kennedy

0:23:49.554,0:23:51.999
campaign for the presidency.

0:23:51.999,0:23:52.091
This election will be a turning point

0:23:52.091,0:23:59.612
in the relationship[br]between politicians and body language.

0:23:59.612,0:24:00.090
It really wasn't until "the Great Debate"[br]between Nixon and Kennedy

0:24:00.090,0:24:07.933
the first televised debate,

0:24:07.933,0:24:07.934
that candidates began to realize

0:24:10.069,0:24:10.206
they had to focus[br]on their non-verbal visual image.

0:24:10.206,0:24:17.480
Miss, Senator Kennedy.

0:24:17.480,0:24:17.481
The things that Senator Kennedy said,[br]many of us can agree with.

0:24:22.048,0:24:25.084
The candidates square up to each other

0:24:25.084,0:24:25.491
in front of a televison audience[br]of 70 million people.

0:24:25.491,0:24:28.390
Nixon looks far less assured in front[br]of the cameras than Kennedy.

0:24:28.390,0:24:35.899
Mr. Nixon, would you like[br]to comment on that statement?

0:24:35.899,0:24:37.775
I have no comment.

0:24:37.775,0:24:40.383
Thank you Mr. Nixon,[br]that completes the opening...

0:24:40.383,0:24:43.181
Nixon had just come out[br]of the hospital

0:24:43.181,0:24:44.884
after receiving treatment[br]for an injured knee.

0:24:44.884,0:24:48.304
And then refused make-up[br]when he got to the TV studio.

0:24:48.304,0:24:50.550
He was a manly man,[br]he didn't want make-up.

0:24:50.550,0:24:54.050
Kennedy said: "Put the make-up on. "[br]He was already attractive.

0:24:54.050,0:24:57.837
Nixon sweated under the lights.

0:24:57.837,0:25:05.038
He compared unfavorably[br]with the tanned and fit-looking Kennedy.

0:25:05.038,0:25:07.845
In the polls after that debate,

0:25:07.845,0:25:12.484
Nixon to the radio audience[br]that had only heard him

0:25:12.484,0:25:14.577
won by a landslide.

0:25:14.577,0:25:18.829
But the polls of the audience[br]that saw the debate,

0:25:18.829,0:25:21.864
Kennedy won by a landslide.

0:25:21.864,0:25:23.617
All of a sudden,

0:25:23.617,0:25:28.493
politicians realized they had[br]to be aware of their visual image.

0:25:28.493,0:25:30.200
Nearly 50 years later,

0:25:30.200,0:25:35.210
today's presidential hopefuls[br]receive saturation media coverage.

0:25:35.210,0:25:37.922
Voters observe their every move.

0:25:37.922,0:25:39.492
Under such scrutiny,

0:25:39.492,0:25:43.237
managing their image[br]is a job for the professionals.

0:25:43.237,0:25:47.501
The whole thing is a game[br]of image versus objectives.

0:25:47.501,0:25:50.901
Your objective is to win the vote.

0:25:50.901,0:25:54.285
Body language is of course[br]an important part of that image.

0:25:54.285,0:25:57.226
Which is why[br]many politicans employ coaches.

0:25:57.226,0:25:59.981
Like Mark Jeffries.

0:25:59.981,0:26:01.681
Very often,[br]when working with a politician,

0:26:01.681,0:26:04.540
someone who is trying[br]to shape an image,

0:26:04.540,0:26:06.469
you will ask that politician:[br]"Who do you admire in the public eye?"

0:26:06.469,0:26:13.299
If it's a man, typically it'll be[br]someone like George Clooney.

0:26:13.299,0:26:15.809
Because he's someone[br]who embodies style, charm, charisma.

0:26:15.809,0:26:21.357
And yet isn't extremely young[br]so he's kind of an ideal model.

0:26:21.357,0:26:24.522
The very training actors[br]like Clooney undergo

0:26:24.522,0:26:28.144
usually leads to[br]good body language in public.

0:26:28.144,0:26:31.983
That puts them way ahead[br]of politicians who have to be told

0:26:31.983,0:26:35.687
how to walk, where to look,[br]how to smile even.

0:26:35.687,0:26:46.102
Is it possible to detect signs of[br]body language coaching in a politician?

0:26:46.102,0:26:47.658
This is Hillary Clinton.

0:26:47.658,0:26:50.750
I want to thank you for letting me[br]speak with you about an issue...

0:26:50.750,0:26:56.673
Here is Hillary Clinton,[br]back in 1993.

0:26:56.673,0:27:01.814
The overall body language here[br]is soft, soft, feminine.

0:27:01.814,0:27:06.750
"I'm not the President.[br]I'm the President's wife."

0:27:06.750,0:27:06.792
Back then, Hillary's body language[br]was very understated.

0:27:06.792,0:27:12.438
Stand up, you silly woman.[br]Alright.

0:27:12.438,0:27:18.718
Okay.

0:27:18.718,0:27:21.784
She comes in, a little hunched over

0:27:21.784,0:27:21.785
because that's what you do[br]when you feel slightly threatened.

0:27:21.785,0:27:26.877
When you don't feel threatened[br]and feel very confident,

0:27:26.877,0:27:26.878
you stand up very staight,[br]you thrust your chest out.

0:27:30.139,0:27:30.220
Fastforward 15 years through Hillary's[br]journey from First Lady to US Senator,

0:27:30.220,0:27:38.812
to candidate for the democratic[br]nomination for President.

0:27:38.812,0:27:38.827
How much[br]has her body language changed?

0:27:38.827,0:27:46.959
It's so interesting and dramatic[br]of a change from earlier Hillary

0:27:46.959,0:27:46.960
to "Hillary light"; there's been this[br]transformation of her body language,

0:27:51.656,0:27:51.727
how she's approaching people.

0:27:51.727,0:27:55.293
Now together,

0:27:55.293,0:27:55.334
let's give America the kind of comeback[br]the New Hampshire has given me.

0:27:55.334,0:28:03.661
What she does now

0:28:03.661,0:28:06.147
is she embraces the applause,[br]she goes up to it.

0:28:06.147,0:28:06.174
She almost wants to hug people[br]for the noise that they're making.

0:28:06.174,0:28:07.953
For the reaction[br]that they're giving her.

0:28:07.953,0:28:15.966
What are the coaching giveaways?

0:28:15.966,0:28:15.967
You can tell when somebody is coached[br]when their gestures don't seem natural.

0:28:21.984,0:28:22.003
When the beat is off slightly.

0:28:22.003,0:28:30.132
When you can tell[br]"I'm thinking and then I'm showing. "

0:28:30.132,0:28:30.522
Hillary always looks like she thinks[br]before she shows anything.

0:28:30.522,0:28:37.816
I am not going out there on my own.

0:28:37.816,0:28:37.902
Mark Jeffries also detects signs[br]of coaching in the new improved Hillary.

0:28:37.902,0:28:49.450
...who believe as I do[br]that this country is worth fighting for.

0:28:49.450,0:28:51.667
When you coach your politician,

0:28:51.667,0:28:54.921
you have to create the illusion[br]that they're loved by many.

0:28:54.921,0:28:57.767
Even when you step onto a stage[br]and the audience is applauding you,

0:28:57.767,0:29:01.268
you still have to create this image[br]that there are people out there

0:29:01.268,0:29:04.236
who you know personally,[br]people you're thrilled to see.

0:29:04.236,0:29:06.845
What you do[br]is you point to the audience.

0:29:06.845,0:29:09.250
As many times as[br]you can use your finger.

0:29:09.250,0:29:12.451
"Thanks for coming. " Of course,[br]there's no one there that they know.

0:29:12.451,0:29:15.996
And if you are in the audience,

0:29:15.996,0:29:17.559
you're looking at her going[br]"She's pointing at me. "

0:29:17.559,0:29:19.732
"Is there somebody else?"

0:29:19.732,0:29:21.250
The whole thing is a game,[br]and a brilliant one.

0:29:21.250,0:29:25.947
Because when you watch it on TV,[br]you go: "She knows so many people!"

0:29:25.947,0:29:30.404
Politicians now know they must[br]pay attention to the 93% of communication

0:29:30.404,0:29:33.999
that's non-verbal.

0:29:33.999,0:29:37.760
But what role does body language[br]have in everyday life?

0:29:37.760,0:29:41.356
Does good body language[br]help close a deal?

0:29:41.356,9:59:59.000
To find out, we hired two women[br]to pose as new car customers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our pretend customers Jackie and Kacy,[br]are rigged with hidden cameras

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so our experts can watch[br]the car salesman in action.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
First stop is a BMW showroom,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
where they're greeted by Cory,[br]one of the salesman.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look at the fixing the tie,[br]doing some cleaning.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Must have saw[br]that there are two cute girls waiting.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's fixing things up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-Hi, I'm Jackie, nice to meet you.[br]-Nice to meet you too.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-Hi, I'm Kacy.[br]-Hi, Kacy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I wanted to come and take a look[br]at something in the 3 series

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if you have some available.[br]-Certainly.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Kind of quick on the handshake[br]but he was smiling, genuine.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look at how he approaches.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The salesman approaches the two women,[br]he's got a giant smile,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which is what he needs to have.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's also got his head[br]slightly forward,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which is very important[br]for displaying submissiveness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Very useful for a salesman.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Salesman Cory has started off well.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Looks like he put a winter coat on,[br]and an umbrella.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's gonna take the girls outside.[br]He wants to make a sale.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And it looks like he's going[br]to give Jackie and Kacy a test drive.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm looking more at the sedan,[br]I think.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm not looking for anything[br]particularly fast necessarily.?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is the big moment. Thank you.[br]-Here's the key.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look at him messing around.[br]This guy's on his A-game.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Great posture, he had a little jump[br]to step in going to the car.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And off they go.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I believe this salesman's body language[br]is near perfect throughout.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Cory gets high marks[br]from our experts.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But were our customers impressed[br]by his performance?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What did you think[br]of Cory's first impression?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I thought he was very friendly,[br]easy to talk to, down to earth.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His body language would've helped[br]or hurt an actual sale with you guys?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Personally, I think it'd have helped.[br]-It'd have helped.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His body language in[br]with his personality.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The following morning,[br]they go to a Toyota dealership.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This time,[br]there'll be an extra hidden camera

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
rigged inside the frame[br]of Jackie's sunglasses.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-This is Jackie.[br]-Hi, Jackie.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-It's Jerry.[br]-Nice to meet you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How will salesman Jerry[br]compare with Cory?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In this position where we see Jerry,[br]see what he's doing with his thumbs?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's rubbing his hands,[br]that's called the self-touch gesture.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Jerry's self-touch gesture is similar[br]to Richard Nixon's hand rubbing

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
during the Watergate investigations.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is a comfort gesture,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it means that he's feeling[br]in some way uncomfortable.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Body language[br]can't be considered in isolation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's usually an amplifier[br]to what you're already saying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's moving calmly, he's assuring[br]but he's not assuring to them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's essentially assuring himself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Both cars come with a built-in remote.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here's the problem.[br]He's looking down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He did not connect with eye contact[br]with the women.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here, there's a disconnect.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
By standing up, you're saying:[br]"I"m more important than you. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He should be down,[br]crouched on his knees a little bit.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Inside the car, Jerry's showing off[br]the various features.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But is his body language helping[br]to persuade a potential customer?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-Oh, my God.[br]-That is very nice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
People buy not based on the product.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They don't even buy based[br]on the data about the product.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ultimately, they buy based on how[br]the feel about the salesman.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So how do Kacy and Jackie[br]feel about Jerry?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He seemed a little distant to me.[br]In general.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It got better as it went on in time

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but there was some distance[br]throughout the sale.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Comparing their experiences,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we asked them which salesman[br]would be more likely to sell them a car.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Cory, definitely![br]-Definitely, why?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look at your genuine smiles pop up.[br]-Because he has a genuine smile!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He had confidence, sure,[br]but it wasn't overconfidence.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was natural. He just had it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
One of the acknowledged? masters[br]of body language

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is former president Bill Clinton.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Bill Clinton is great[br]at establishing rapport?.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's one of the all-time best.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In this televised Town Meeting[br]in San Diego back in 1993,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clinton shows off his skills.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My own belief is[br]that we do need more jobs.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that we do need jobs tied?[br]to continuing education and training.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Bill Clinton has[br]all the classic charismatic factors:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
likability, power, attractiveness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you look at Germany, Great Britain,[br]France, all the world-

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's a powerhouse because he's open.[br]He's giving us his full front dorsing?.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"I've nothing to hide.[br]We're together. We're alike. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's what rapport is.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Every good speaker,[br]who speaks formally,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
expresses from the heart.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clinton expresses from the heart.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clinton's gestures deliver his message[br]to an knee-size? audience.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We do not need[br]to build a bridge to the past,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we need to build a bridge to the future.[br]And that is what I commit to you to do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He gestures on the beat.[br]Very significant.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Telling whether somebody's[br]being authentic, honest,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you want to make sure they're gesturing[br]just a second before they say it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You feel it, you show it[br]and then you say it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's gesturing just before he says it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The real mark[br]of a body language master though

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is how they deal[br]with a difficult situation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My question is:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
can you name one country that has taxed[br]and spent itself back into prosperity?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-President?[br]-The answer to your question-

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You can see staight away that he is[br]not happy with that question at all.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He betrays very quickly[br]and for a very short period of time

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the fact that[br]he does not have an answer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He does the mouth pulling.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The answer to your question[br]is I can't.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But you can't fairly[br]characterize my program.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I have cut more spending[br]than my predecessors did.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's very quick.[br]He instantly regains his composure.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's one of the things with him,[br]he has this power to regain composure.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Like Bill Clinton,[br]Tony Blair has a reputation

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for composure in public.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But it didn't always come naturally.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Blair, his wife Cherie? and children[br]are posing for the cameras

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
on the day he first became[br]British Prime Minister.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then came the moment[br]everyone was waiting for.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You're told as a political couple[br]you must show a bit of love

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from time to time, show the voters[br]you're real and normal people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The crowd is applauding,[br]he puts his arm around Cherie,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as if he's gonna hug her.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Cherie, remembering her lesson,[br]decides to go for the kiss.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He then grabs her,[br]puts his hand right in front of her,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so that she can't kiss him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He almost blocks her with his hand,[br]like "No, not now dear. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She goes and does a little cat thing[br]on his chest.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's at that moment when she does that[br]that he realizes he's missed the boat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That actually,[br]he was supposed to kiss her.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But then, it's too late[br]'cause everyone's seen the effort

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and you can hear a little bit[br]of booing from the crowd

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
then he realizes he's made a mistake[br]so he kind of kissed her hair.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The whole thing was rather embarrassing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Rookie politicians aren't the only ones[br]to give themselves away.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Even the masters can get exposed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Take this promotional appearance in 2005

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
by actors Angelina Jolie[br]and the recently-separated Brad Pitt.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Thank you, guys.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When it came to the premiere[br]of "Mr. and Mrs. Smith",

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt,[br]their body language was screaming to me.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There's more of a story here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The press[br]had been full of speculation

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
about whether Pitt and Jolie[br]were having a secret romance.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Just before they run the film,[br]Brad Pitt says cute little things,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and Angelina Jolie[br]becames like Princess Diana,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with the whole looking down,[br]she looks up at Brad Pitt and back down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Take care of me".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It is a massive flirting technique.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For me, it was the crucial point

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that said there's something more[br]to the story here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're really excited by it,[br]we know you're gonna like it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's great fun.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Instead of being a chum and a pal,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
why does she have[br]this little girl flirting thing going on?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Just a few months later,[br]Pitt and Jolie became an official item.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
President Clinton[br]had a more serious problem

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when rumours of his relationship[br]with Monica Lewinsky

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
began to circulate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He decided to make[br]a very public televised denial.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His words very crystal clear.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I worked till pretty late last night

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but I wanna say one thing[br]to the Americans.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clinton was addressing[br]both the TV audience

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the reporters of the White House.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I did not have sexual relationship[br]with Miss Lewinsky.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But his normally assured body language[br]was not conveying a reassuring message.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These allegations are false.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I need to go back to work[br]for the American people. Thank you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To show your integrity,[br]your face, head, gestures and body

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
need to be in alignment. In this case,[br]he's gesturing in one direction,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and looking in another direction.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So he's pointing here[br]but looking here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's a disconnect.[br]It doesn't make sense.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Why is there an incongruence?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It should be:[br]"America, I wanna tell you something".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now, look again at the way[br]the president's head moves.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I never told anybody to lie.[br]Not a single time. Never.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Never, never, not a single time.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We see the head shaking no

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but we didn't see the head shaking no

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when he said he didn't have[br]sexual relationship with that woman.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Though he's trying[br]to control his body language,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the truth was leaking out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Out on the streets,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
reading body language accurately can be[br]the difference between life and death.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On a typical patrol,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
these police officers[br]are constantly evalutating people

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
based on their gestures[br]and facial expressions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As of right now,[br]I see one person in the car.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Throughout my time, my career,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the first thing I look at[br]is people's eyes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because eyes don't lie.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You could put your hands[br]in your pocket,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you can take a seat on a chair,[br]but your eyes don't lie.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How to read body language accurately

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is an important lesson[br]in police training.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How you sit, dress, walk[br]tells me who you are.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Whether you're a wolf, or a sheep.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Former Marine Corps Intelligence Officer[br]Frank Marsh

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
has an audience[br]of law-enforcement officials

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from all over the state of New Jersey.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the Western world,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what happens when a man[br]gets in your face like this?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're about to fight!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the Middle East,[br]this is how they talk.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They'll even argue like this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Marines are getting in trouble

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because these Arabs[br]would get in front of their face

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the Marines would hit them[br]and down they drop.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the Arabs[br]would stand up and go:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"Why'd you hit me?"[br]-Because you got in my face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
With Americans,[br]if you get in a male's face,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's a challenge to fight.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So pay attention[br]to somebody's body language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Officers Jones and Ruchy[br]are on a patrol in Mount Vernon,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
north of New York City.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They pull over a woman[br]for going through a red light.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As Ruchy approaches the car,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he has to be sensitive[br]to the body language of the driver.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If she's fidgety,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and can't give a direct answer[br]to a question,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if her hands are moving,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
if she's constantly looking[br]at her rear-view mirror...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Officer Ruchy is very comfortable[br]with this car stop.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Police officers have learned[br]through bitter experience

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that if they don't keep[br]their body language antenna tuned,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
things can go terribly wrong.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Former Sergeant in the NYPD[br]Lou Savelli

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
trains police officers to recognize[br]key body language indicators.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He uses this video of a 1998 incident[br]recorded by a dashbord camera

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to point out the danger in[br]not being sensitive to body signals.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What you have here[br]is a sheriffs deputy in Georgia

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
pulls over a vehicle[br]for a traffic infraction.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As he pulls the vehicle over,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
several indicators tell us[br]that this was gonna be a bad stop.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The sheriffs deputy was alone.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The car is stopped,[br]and right away he opens his door,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which tells he's either[br]gonna attack the officer

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or hes hiding something[br]in the vehicle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's trying to distance himself[br]from that vehicle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Everybody knows[br]once a police pull you over,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you're supposed to stay in the car.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Come on back here for me.[br]Come on back.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The driver gets out of the vehicle,[br]which is alarm bell number one.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here, the officer says:[br]Now, step towards me..

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He hesitates.[br]Hes not ready to do his thing,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because he doesnt wanna do[br]based on what the officer says.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Hes got a plan in his mind.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
More indicators that hes about[br]to do something to this officer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Comes out, closes his coat,[br]which tells hes nervous.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He goes right,[br]puts his hands into his pockets.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That tells you that he is either[br]nervous about what's about to happen,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
hes gonna get aggressive,[br]or may have something in his pockets.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Keep your hands out of your pockets.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Alarm bell number two:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the driver is out of his car,[br]he's put his hands in his pockets,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
both potentially threatening[br]body language indicators.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now the sheriffs deputy[br]gets out of his patrol car

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to talk to the driver.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's dancing around[br]trying to intimidate the officer,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
show that: Im not listening to you,[br]you have no authority of me. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And right before[br]he finishes up his dancing routine,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he claps his hands.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Clapping the hands is one[br]of the last indicator you see

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when someone is about to fight.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They clap the hands[br]to get the blood flowing,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
then they got to attack,[br]and thats exactly what he does.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Come here! Sir, get back!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A scuffle ensues off camera.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And before the deputy can stop him,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the pick-up driver[br]goes back to his vehicle.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He appears[br]to be searching for something.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I repeat my line. Get back here now!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The driver now has a gun.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Put the gun down![br]What I got now the gun. I need help.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The situation gets out of control.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Shots are fired.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the deputy is killed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This horrific incident[br]is one of many examples

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Savelli uses[br]for body language training.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Its important to read body language[br]for a police officer

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because if you can recognize a threat[br]that you are in danger,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you can counteract that threat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Its the most important thing[br]to teach police officers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I believe more important[br]than self-defense, firearms tactics

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is that they need to understand[br]when they are being threatened.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Out on the street, a police officer[br]can use often subtle body language

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
or tells to pick up on possible[br]guilty or criminal behavior.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There's various ways[br]that people try to hide a gun.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
One of the most common is blading.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They notice an officer on one side,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they'll blade their body[br]real quick this way.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Keep the bolter on this side[br]away from the view of the officers.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Another way of concealing a weapon

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is by billowing your shirt or coat[br]by pulling down like this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The weapons arent visible.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If Im gonna try to grip my gun,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
my thumbs gonna twitch like this[br]and clears the top of the shirt.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
My hands are gonna go up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The first thing Im gonna got[br]is my thumb and a pull-up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ill try to rid my weapon.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I know that my thumbs gonna clear[br]this weapon before I pull it out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Blading, billowing[br]and the thumb twitch,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
all potentially threatening signals[br]for those that can see them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For police officers,[br]there are situations when body language

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
has to be evaluated[br]in just a fraction of a second.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When Savelli was a New York cop,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he worked in Narcotics[br]with Officer Paul Rossi.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our team[br]was making undercover of vice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are hitting drug locations,[br]end up coming to this drug location.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'd do a buy-and-buster[br]on the undercover, make a buy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then us and part of the field team[br]would go in and bust the drug dealer.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The drug dealer, on this occasion,[br]ran for it towards this street corner.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We were up there.[br]We cant fire around the corner.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then we cant fire him here.[br]We saw him run into there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Saw the back of him from a distance.[br]And then we just throw in.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We jumped out of the car,[br]arrived right over here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Yep, I remember. The drug dealer[br]was familiar with the neighborhood.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We come out. We fly out the car.[br]We see him coming around.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He goes in and what he sees Lou is

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The back of his body[br]goes right through the door.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We come in.[br]We're face to face with him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And of course when we come in,[br]the gun was already at him all this time.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A man was standing behind the counter[br]with a gun, pointed straight at them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Im doing this trying[br]to hide behind something.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Lous coming up that side.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Both Lou and Paul were about to shoot.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Drop the gun.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
By that time, Lou is up.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Something about the guy[br]told us he wasnt a danger to us.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The way he was acting, holding the gun,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the way his body was point,[br]the way of his eyes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Although his face was fixed on Paul,[br]his eyes kept going that way

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which meant[br]he wasnt intent on hurting us.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The man behind the shop counter[br]was a frightened shop clerk.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We hear the gun go hit the floor.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Turns out his eyes[br]were giving up the guy in the back.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His body language told us[br]that guy's back there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We went to the back room,[br]caught the guy in the back room hiding.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We got our drug dealer[br]in the back room.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It all only lasted for a few seconds.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Savelli knows it was his split[br]second reading of body language

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that stopped him[br]from shooting the shop clerk.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
More than half of what we communicate[br]is through the gestures we make

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and the looks on our face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Scientists have dissected[br]the thousands of different expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that appear on the human face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The secret to understanding[br]the face correctly

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is learning how to decode[br]the expressions that all of us use.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In the late 1960s,[br]a pioneering American psychologist,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Dr. Paul Ekman, tried to discover if[br]there were universal facial expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that crossed all cultural boundaries.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Dr. Paul Ekman[br]is like the Buddha of body language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ekman is so important[br]because of a study he conducted

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that compare the emotions[br]in facial expressions of people

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in Papua New Guinea, and Japan

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with those of people[br]in Western countries.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His team[br]asked volunteers to make faces

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
corresponding to a particular emotion[br]and filmed the result.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ekman found[br]that there were 7 universal expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of emotions on the face:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
happiness,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
sadness,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
anger,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
fear,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
surprise,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
contempt,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and disgust.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We all have them, doesnt matter[br]if you are 6, 66 or 106.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Doesnt matter if you are born[br]in Iran, Japan or the United States.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They appear pretty much[br]the same way in our face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But Ekmans facial research[br]didnt stop there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He developed an entire system[br]of looking at the muscles of the face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Such as movements that would happen[br]between this muscle and this muscle

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so you can get a smile.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He then characterized those[br]giving us a centering alphabet

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
whereby scientists[br]could talk to one another

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and characterize exactly what[br]facial movements people were making.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The influence[br]of Ekmans facial expression research

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
can be seen today.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Can we turn off the lights please?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Look happy, sad

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is a demonstration[br]of the face reader.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The very latest and automated[br]facial recognition technology.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Surprised.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Face reader uses the 7 basic emotions[br]as established by Paul Ekman,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and 55 points on human face[br]to classify those 7 basic emotions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The face reader[br]instantly maps the complex interactions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of the muscles of the human face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These colored graph bars

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
represent the type of emotion[br]appearing on the face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Every expression is given a value

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in terms of the degree of happiness,[br]sadness, anger and so on.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Technology like this[br]is being used in all sorts of fields.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Consumer research[br]how do people react to different foods,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
marketing research[br]how do people react to ads.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Today, facial recognition systems

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
are being installed in airports[br]to refine security checks.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The face communicates so much more[br]than just the 7 universal emotions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ekman identified more[br]than 3,000 different facial expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that convey a meaning[br]that most of us will react to,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
both consciously and unconsciously.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Todays politicians

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
are acutely aware of the importance[br]of non-verbal communication.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They employ coaches[br]to hone their gestures.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But new research[br]suggests they would do well

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to pay more attention[br]to the expressions on their face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I will be our partys nominee[br]for President in the United States.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Thank you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Every presidential candidate[br]has to try to win our trust.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They need us to believe[br]they're competent for the job

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
before we're willing to vote for them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You and I together,[br]we will change this country

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But how do we decide[br]whether they're competent or not?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We asked Georgetown University

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to rerun a revealing experiment[br]conducted at Princeton in 2005.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Student volunteers[br]make instant decisions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
between pairs of faces[br]appearing on the screen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The students task is to decide[br]in sometimes less than half a second

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which of the two people[br]is the more competent.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It seems that we are[br]so sensitive to facial expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that we are comfortable[br]making snap judgments like this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Even when the students[br]have several seconds to choose,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
they dont alter[br]their initial decision.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What they dont know[br]is that the photographs

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
are of candidates[br]who were running for the Senate,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the House and Governor[br]in 2002 and 2004.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What kinds of expressions[br]communicate competence?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'd say a genuine smile.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Anytime there is a nice smile.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If there was no smile,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
maybe I didnt think[br]they were as competent.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What other expressions[br]influence the students?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I wanted someone[br]that had a genuine look.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Eye contact.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Looks you in the eye.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I think I tend to pick[br]the ones had more stoic face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
An interesting pattern[br]emerged in the students' choices.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As in the original Princeton experiment,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
more than 70% of the faces[br]they chose as more competent

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
turned out to be the people[br]who were actually elected for office.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This suggets that come election day,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the expression on a politician's face[br]is an important factor in our choice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We're hardwired to understand[br]3,000 different facial expressions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But there's even more information[br]to be gleaned from the human face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you've got the skill.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It takes a keen eye to spot[br]what's known as "a microexpression".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Microexpressions are the expressions[br]that come out quickly

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from your emotional state before[br]you have time to think about them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You might be in the middle[br]of saying something happy

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and then your face would suddenly[br]form itself into a very sad face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But just for half a second.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then your face[br]would resume its happiness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These are quite rare[br]but when you see them,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it shows that the person[br]is actually trying to hide something.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
During his campaing for governor,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Arnold Schwarzenegger[br]gave this speech at a rally.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What I want to say to you is[br]yes, I have behaved badly sometimes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He was responding to allegations[br]of sexual misconduct.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But are his regretful words[br]backed up by his facial expressions?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I like to watch[br]something like this frame by frame

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so I can see those microexpressions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I have done things[br]I thought then were playful.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But now, I recognize...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here, we have this look of rage.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A snarl that comes across his face[br]instantaneously, fraction of a second.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Microexpressions[br]can be a 20 fifth of a second.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That shows he is angry[br]about having to make this apology,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
at being attacked in this way.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
View it again in slow motion.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The microexpression can be isolated.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As Schwarzenegger opens his mouth,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
his nose muscles flare upwards[br]into a momentary snarl.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But it seems the voters[br]didn't spot this body language giveaway.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Three days later,[br]he was elected Governor of California.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
People who are media savvy[br]sometimes think they can

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
fool the world over our eyes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But their faces[br]can still give them away.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In 2004,[br]track-and-field star Marion Jones

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
held a press conference[br]following allegations

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that she had been taking[br]performance-enhancing drugs.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
First of all,[br]I'd like to thank everybody

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for coming out today[br]on such short notice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She was being investigated

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
by the United States'[br]Anti-Doping Agency, USADA.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
To begin, I wanted the world[br]to have an opportunity to hear from me.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
JJ Newberry runs the Institute[br]of Analytic Interviewing in California.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He trains people[br]to identify the telltale signs

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in a persons face[br]that indicate they could be lying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
...So that you can get[br]a good idea of how I am feeling

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She's saying she wants us[br]to know how shes feeling,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so Im gonna look to see if[br]shes gonna express how shes feeling.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That in the end the truth'll prevail[br]and my name will be cleared.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
However,[br]the events of the last several weeks

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have led me more in sadness[br]than in anger.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Have led me more in sadness[br]than in anger...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but she doesnt show sadness[br]and she doesnt show anger.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ill ask you what is missing[br]from this whole tape?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If somebody accuses you[br]of something you didnt do,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
would you be mad,[br]or would you be sad?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Id be mad at them!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I have done all I can do[br]to provide USADA

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with information[br]that I have knowledge of,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because I believe[br]in the drug-free sport.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As Newberry[br]watches Joness performance,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
he looks for microexpressions that[br]may conflict with what she was saying

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and reveal her true emotions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Her eyebrows go up[br]almost into the corner.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Eyebrows are up[br]and coming together in the corner,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
almost like a fear.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Surprise and fear almost together.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ideally, if she's telling the truth,[br]we'd like to see the brows come down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Because she should be angry.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You're being falsely accused[br]of something you didn't do,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the brows should come down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I have truthfully answered[br]every question asked of me under oath.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There shouldn't be fear and surprise.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It might leak out maybe a little bit.[br]But it's non-stop here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The fear and surprise is the dominant[br]emotion leaking out subconsciously.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Fear and surprise[br]weren't the only emotions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
leaking from Jones' face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If the truth is told,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
then my name will be cleared[br]and I can move on with my life.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"The truth can be told,[br]then I can move on with my life. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then immediately, she creates[br]this unbelievably sad expression.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She looks down,[br]she's got a long face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Marion Jones' brief flash of sadness[br]is a classic example

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of what experts call "a hotspot".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These are facial expressions

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that seem to be at odds[br]with what someone is saying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Or inconsistent[br]with how they would be expected

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to behave in a given situation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's a point where you have[br]to look for more information.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It could mean a lie[br]but also many different things.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Do we know that it's guilty[br]and not something else?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At the time,[br]it would've been very hard to tell.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For Newberry,[br]the biggest hotspot of all

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is the absence of[br]one specific emotion on Jones' face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's not what you're seeing,[br]it's what you're not seeing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You're not seeing an angered response.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm not going to engage[br]in USADA's secret kangaroo court.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Jones' words were defiant.[br]Her face certainly wasn't.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Her body language just didn't go[br]with what she was saying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Three years later,[br]all that had changed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here she emerges from court[br]to face the media again.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Having been found guilty[br]of lying under oath to federal agents.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It is with a great amound of shame

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that I stand before you,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and tell you[br]that I have betrayed your trust.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It moves me now to even talk about it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's what happens[br]when people are being authentic.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You are taken to thei level[br]of pain, anger, fear.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When she's finally coming clean,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you see a more relaxed Marion Jones.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I am responsible fully[br]for my actions.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This kind of facial analysis

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
can be applied to anonymous people[br]catapulted into the media spotlight.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I just can't stress it enough[br]that we just got to get them home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That's just where they belong,[br]with their mamma and daddy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Susan Smith's face was all over[br]national television in late 1994

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
after she claimed her two young sons[br]had been abducted.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
JJ Newberry saw Smith's[br]televised appeal for their safe return.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Shortly afterwards,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
she admitted[br]she had murdered her children.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That was very obvious to us.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Before she even confessed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Anybody can look at this after the fact[br]and come up with all this.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We actually did it before.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Why was Newberry so confident[br]of Smith's guilt?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
First thing we all notice[br]is that there was no real tears.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was a fake cry.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I want to say to my babies

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that your mamma loves you so much.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is all connected:[br]eyes, ears, nose and throat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So when you start crying,[br]the physiology takes over:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
your sinuses swell up,[br]your nose starts running

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you start swallowing[br]and the tears come out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You don't see any of that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Smith's performance[br]is peppered with hotspots.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We don't see any stress[br]in the forehead.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And when she's?,[br]she's closing her eyes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She's thinking[br]about what she's gonna say.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
About what she did, who knows?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
All I know is there are hotspots.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A hotspot does not indicate a lie.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's simply a hotspot,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
an emotional response[br]that should tell the interviewer:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"I have to delve further into[br]this aspect of what she's saying".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There is not one minute[br]that passes by

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that I'm not thinking[br]about these boys.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now take a look at the face[br]of Smith's husband, David,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
during the same press conference.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We ask

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that you continue to pray

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for me and my wife[br]and for our family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But most of all, that you continue[br]to pray for Michael and Alex.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Where she's faking it for the cameras,[br]his face tells a different story.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You do not have to be[br]a body language expert

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to look at someone[br]and as they're experiencing emotions,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to feel it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His emotions and facial expressions[br]are more consistent than his wife's.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Susan Smith[br]has no activity on her forehead.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The husband, his brow is down,[br]very engaged in stress.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
His jaw... he's very stressed.[br]This is an emotional person.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He does have concerns, feelings.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's showing this emotion.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The evidence was right there.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We just had to open our eyes[br]and look at the body language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Body language is about the gestures[br]we're all familiar with.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And the fleeting facial expressions[br]that often escape our notice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Together, they make up[br]55% of human communication.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But a crucial 38%[br]comes from the voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
There's its tone and pitch.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We have to choose between[br]change and more of the same.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Its speed.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We have to choose between[br]looking backwards and forwards.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And rhythm.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We have to choose[br]between our future

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and our past.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Barack Obama's voice[br]seems very natural.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But most politicians work very hard

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to achieve a sound[br]that impresses the voters.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Body language and voice tone

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have a profound effect[br]on how well you communicate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Normally,[br]as people rise up the runs?,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the more noticeable they are,[br]the more likely they'll have coaching.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
By the end,[br]most politicians at the very top

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
will have thought about body language[br]and especially their voice tone.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How did their voice is,[br]and how modulated and slow it is.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I personally think they had ideas[br]but they were bad ideas.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Bad ideas for America...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Female politicians

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
have an additional hurdle[br]to overcome with male voters.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Research shows that a woman's voice

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
effects the emotional part[br]of a man's brain.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So we think women are so emotional[br]when they speak.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So shame on you, Barack Obama!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Former British Prime Minister[br]Margaret Thatcher

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
provides a voice-case study[br]for British impressionist Steve Nallon.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is Thatcher in 1960[br]when she was a new member of Parliament.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Very much so.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but speaking in the House of Commons[br]is a unique experience.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
What's really intersting about Thatcher[br]is she's young, in her early 30s,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and for anybody in their early 30s,[br]you have a younger sounding.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And it really is[br]very very high up here.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Over the years,[br]that was brought lower,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because it doesn't sound as good;[br]it sounds patronizing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Very very high.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The higher the pitch,[br]the more shrill of a waiss?;

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the less credibility it's given.[br]It's perceived very negatively.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our voices often become marginally[br]lower in tone as we get older.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But Thatcher appears to have[br]given this process a helping hand.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Fastforward to the year 1983.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She's just won a second term[br]as Prime Minister.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I think we should have[br]to make up our minds

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
about the Cabinet very quickly.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Otherwise,[br]the press will discuss it all for me.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She's learned, as a politician,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that that high sound[br]is not going to help her get elected.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Did I say it?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Even husky,[br]sexy voice just might appeal.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Evidence can be found though

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that despite[br]Mrs. Thatcher's suspected coaching,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
her natural voice[br]would often reassert itself.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I must say I can't stand[br]those who carp and criticize

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when they ought to be congratulating[br]Britain on a magnificient achievement.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
At this stage in her premiership,[br]although the voice was very low,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it'd been sort of trained to be low.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Just wait a little more patiently.[br]After all, not all results are in yet.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When she gets excited,[br]those old shrills keep coming back.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I can't stand[br]those who carp and criticize.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you want[br]to make it as a top politician,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you need to know how[br]to deliver a great line.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you see liberalization:[br]come here to this gate!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Gorbachev, open this gate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Known as "The Great Communicator,"[br]President Ronald Reagan was reknown

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for his ability to use his voice[br]to work a crowd.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Among today's politicians,[br]Barack Obama stands out

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
for his effect on an audience.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How does he do it?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Thank you, Iowa.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said this day would never come.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Obama has used his voice[br]to match his body,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to get gravatass?[br]and yet a massive response.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The melody within his voice[br]rouses people.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They start to join in with the rhythm[br]of the words as they flow.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They believe themselves[br]to be part of it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's a great trick of auditory.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said[br]our sights were set too high.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The canes? and the rhythm[br]are hypnotic.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So he actually speaks on a beat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's a model of a Baptist preachure.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They said[br]this country was too divided.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's got an incredible resonance[br]for his voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When he says: "They said... ",

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's almost as if[br]there's reburb on the voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He builds the voice up,[br]starts down here, builds up,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
builds up here[br]and has that long long pause.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And then,[br]he lets the audience have it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are one nation, one people[br]and our time for change has come.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's so powerful!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He doesn't really matter[br]what he's saying

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because his voice tells you[br]what you should be feeling

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
about what he's saying;[br]the words become irrelevant.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You might not even remember the words[br]after he's finished speaking.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But you feel something[br]really really powerful.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
John McCain[br]has a very different style.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I didn't need to tell you[br]what the polls said you wanted to hear.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I didn't tell you[br]what I knew to be false.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I didn't try to spend you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
John McCain uses his voice

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
almost in the exact opposite way[br]that Barack Obama does.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Here, McCain is speaking

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
on the night he won[br]the 2008 New Hampshire primary.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I just talked to the people[br]of New Hampshire.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I talked about the country we love.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Number one: he's reading this speech,[br]his eyes are down for most of the time.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The words are very important to him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He has a little bit of a nasal voice.[br]He speaks from up in his head.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And has sort of a little accent:[br]he squeezes his words together

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
so it sounds like you're talking[br]to a salesman of some sort.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Or someone who's a technician.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The work that awaits us[br]in this hour, on our watch...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's saying:[br]"I'm not Mr. Slick Presentor.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm not someone who will wow you[br]with the ryhthm of my voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'm gonna tell you how it is. "

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
McCain's unadorn sound fits needly[br]with the words of his speeches.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He makes a virtue[br]of being a straight talker.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I will never surrender!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Tony Blair is another[br]consumit? public speaker.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A master at judging[br]how to pitch his vocal performance.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I say to the people of this country

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
we run for office as New Labour,[br]we will govern as New Labour.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But our experts[br]have identified at least one moment

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
when his performance[br]was almost too perfect.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's the morning of August 31, 1997.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Tony Blair has just received the news[br]of the death of Princess Diana.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
All eyes are on him.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I feel like everyone else[br]in the country today,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
utterly devastated.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our thoughts and prayers[br]are with Princess Diana's family.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Tony Blair,[br]in this particular piece of footage,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is fantastically milking the sadness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Some of it is really sadness[br]in this feature.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But Diana's death didn't affect him[br]nearly as much as he's making out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Normally, he has a very rapid delivery[br]almost like a machine gunfire.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When somebody is being real,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
authentically feeling something,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it isn't very that dramatically[br]from their normal rate of speech.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Blair's delivery here[br]seems studiously slow.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in particular to her sons and boys.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Our hearts go out to them.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You can hear him off[br]and taking long breaths in or out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's giving a slightly less[br]powerful voice for sadness.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He's using lots of...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
pauses.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And you can see him preparing to act.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We are today

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
a nation, in Britain,[br]in a state of shock.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then he makes the statement.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
So the voice doesn't sound natural.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She was the people's princess.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And that's how she will stay,[br]how she will remain.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You can see that he also...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
swallows, really big swallows[br]for the sadness as well.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Like the other aspects[br]of body language,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
our voices can be hard to control.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They can give us away.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Especially when we're under stress.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is very personal for me.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
On the eve of the crucial[br]2008 New Hampshire primary,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Hillary Clinton is asked a question

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that many feel changed the tide[br]of the primary contests for a while.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As a woman, I know[br]it's hard to get out of the house

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and to get ready and my question is:[br]how do you do it?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I couldn't do it[br]if I didn't passionately believe

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it was the right thing to do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Then suddenly,[br]the tone of Hillary's voice changes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I have so many opportunities[br]from this country.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I just don't wanna[br]see this fall backwards.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Many commentators believed

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that this moment[br]helped swing the vote in her favor.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But was it real of fake emotion[br]coming out in her voice?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is very personnal for me.[br]It's not just political or public.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I see what's happening.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And we have to reverse it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And some people think

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
elections are a gain,[br]it's like who's up or who's down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's about our country,[br]our kids' futures.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's really about all of us,[br]together.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This is a difficult one because[br]at this time in the campaign,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
she was often being accused[br]of being a little hard, cold.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It was almost like it was required[br]that she should prove

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that she's a woman[br]and maybe show some emotion.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Some people think

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
elections are a gain,[br]it's like who's up or who's down.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Her voice gets quiet,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and it even starts[br]to crack on the word "elections".

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She starts[br]to have her voice fall apart.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If you just listen to her voice,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
you can hear it crack and break up

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
as she's speaking.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A lot of politicians have practiced[br]and gotten that down pat.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
In this case,[br]you can hear it's real.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Others are not so sure.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's about our country,[br]our kids' futures.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
If I was being synical,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and had coached Hillary[br]to cry at some stage,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that'd be the moment to do it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Body language works as a package.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Gestures, facial expressions,[br]and the sound of the voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But what if we take away[br]the visual clues?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How good are we then at decoding[br]the secret messages of the human voice?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We devised an experiment[br]to find out.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
These Georgetown university students[br]are listening to two audio clips.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
All they know is that both recordings[br]are of distressed parents

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
talking about their missing children[br]in front of reporters.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
First, Mark Lansford talking[br]to reports in Florida in March 2005

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
about the search[br]for his daughter Jessica.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
She had been missing[br]for nearly three weeks.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I have confidence[br]in my sheriff's department.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I truly believe in my heart[br]that my daughter is coming home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I just don't know when.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Sometimes,[br]it's a little hard to swallow.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But you swallow it and keep searching

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because that's what[br]she wants me to do.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Lansford's search[br]would sadly be in vain.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A few days later,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it was discovered that his daughter[br]had been murdered by a local man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Next, a recording of Susan Smith[br]in South Carolina

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
whose two young sons[br]had allegedly been abducted.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I came to express[br]how much they are wanted back home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This emotional public appeal[br]occured in November 1994.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Ten days[br]after the disappearance of her sons.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We love 'em, we miss 'em.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Later that same day,[br]she would confess to their murder.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As the students listen,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
their physiological reactions[br]are being monitored.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Heart rate and the degree of sweating[br]are both measured.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Deprived of any visual clues,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
what is their impression[br]of the two recordings?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I felt that the mother[br]in the second recording

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
sounded really desperate.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You could hear that she really[br]wanted her kids to come home.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
For the majority of students,[br]Smith's voice sounds very convincing.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
How does Lansford compare?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I focus on searching for Jessi[br]and try to block everything else.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You could tell[br]he was also missing his daughter

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but it wasn't as... engaging.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
He seemed[br]to be holding it together a lot more

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
until the very end,[br]and then he cracked a little bit.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
8 out the 10 students failed[br]to identify anything in Smith's voice

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that would suggest[br]she had something to hide.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This shows[br]that most people find it hard

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to tell if someone is lying[br]just from their voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But two did detect something[br]that didn't ring true.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The woman didn't seem[br]to be talking about her own children

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but other people's children.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I thought her emotions[br]seemed a little more forced

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
than the man's. Comparing the two,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I thought the man[br]was more sincere in his reaction.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The physiological data[br]from these two students

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
revealed their bodies weren't picking up[br]on something in Smith's voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now, new technology is trying[br]to identify the subtle changes

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
that occur in our voices when we lie.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Could this be the key[br]to detecting deception?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's now possible

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
to analyze a voice recording[br]with some scientific precision.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This recording[br]is of Lee Harvey Oswald,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
arrested shortly[br]after President Kennedy was shot.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Lynn Robbins,[br]CEO of Voice Analysis Technologies,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is assessing Oswald's voice[br]with an investigative tool

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
used by over 70 different[br]law-enforcement and federal agencies.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's called:[br]"Layered Voice Analysis", LVA.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The brain communicates[br]with the human voice box.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's not something you can control.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
With this technology,[br]it's difficult to learn how to beat it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
You would never be able to beat it.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As we speak[br]and think about what we're saying,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
our brain is sending messages[br]to our voice box,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
which constantly varies[br]the sound our voices produce.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Layered voice analysis[br]evaluates the several audio variations

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
labels them in different categories[br]of emotional mental activity.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Such as inaccuracy.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Or probable false.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I pratically know nothing[br]about this situation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
As Lee Harvey Oswald speaks,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the categories[br]of mental activity identified by LVA

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
are giving number values that appear[br]on the right hand-side of the screen.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The numbers mean everything:[br]the higher the number in some values,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
the better the chances they're not[br]being completely honest with you.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now watch what happens to the read-out[br]when Oswald is asked this question:

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Did you kill the President?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
No, I've not been charged with that.[br]Nobody has said that to me yet.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The first thing I heard about it [br]was when the newspaper reporters

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
in the hall...[br]asked me that question.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
The high numbers appearing[br]in the category "probable false"

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
suggest that in this instance,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it's highly likely[br]that Oswald was lying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Nobody's told me anything,[br]except that I'm accused of...

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
of murdering a police man.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I know nothing more than that.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And I do request [br]that someone come forward.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
That is a false statement.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
"I know nothing more than that. "[br]He did know what took place.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It appears that he really knew[br]what took place

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because in this whole statement,[br]there's inaccurate and false.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Obviously, Robbins' analyzing someone[br]who was in a stressful situation.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Where their voice was more likely[br]to show signs of lying.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
But can this technology[br]pick up signs of deception

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
from someone[br]who is not under any stress?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I am not a fan of this area.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Body language expert Janine Driver[br]is going to act as a guinea pig

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and answer a series[br]of personnal questions from Robbins.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I have two sisters, they have kids.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I lived with Kayleen for a year.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It's all truthfull responses.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Until they get on to the subject[br]of Janine's choice of college.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
They tell me the further state college[br]away from Massachussetts

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
it was North Adams.[br]I didn't care where it was.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It could have been in Virginia.[br]-You cared where it was!

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
-Did I care?[br]-Yes, you did care.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
LVA identifies[br]a false statement from Janine.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Just as with Lee Harvey Oswald.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A revealing change in the voice[br]has been identified.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I'd rather be in the mountains[br]rather than the ocean.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Why is that so stressful?

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
It comes as stressful

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because I'm terrified of sharks,[br]I don't go swimming in the ocean.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
screwed me up forever and ever

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
because I won't go[br]past my ankles in the ocean.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
I even see my body language,[br]I'm rubbing my hands.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Now, we're getting a stress reading.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And Janine's gesture,[br]rubbing her hands,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
is confirming that stress in her voice.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
This technology does seem to detect[br]what we're genuinely feeling.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
We pay so much attention[br]to the words people speak

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
but 93% of human communication[br]is delivered through body language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
When there's a conflict between[br]the words and the body language,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
always believe the body language.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Read body language accurately

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and you'll look at the world[br]through new eyes.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A celebrity secret exposed[br]by an unguarded gesture.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A lier unmasked by her own face.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
A power stuggle played out[br]beneath a false geniality.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
And when a politican[br]tries to convince an audience

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
with winning words,[br]press that record button.

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
Rewind,

9:59:59.000,9:59:59.000
and take another look.