Creativity makes man worthy of the name | Hiromu Yakura| TEDxKids@Chiyoda
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0:18 - 0:22Hello, everyone.
My name is Hiromu Yakura. -
0:22 - 0:25I started programming
when I was in the seventh grade. -
0:25 - 0:27I've worked as a programmer since then.
-
0:27 - 0:30I have some experience in attending
the defense readiness condition, -
0:30 - 0:34which Mr. Shinoda talked about
in the second session. -
0:34 - 0:39As a programmer, I am often asked,
"What is your favorite subject?" -
0:39 - 0:41It is a very common question.
-
0:41 - 0:45They often say,
"You like math, don't you?" -
0:45 - 0:50Actually, I like social studies
such as ethics, politics and economics. -
0:52 - 0:56I think very few people
can't visualize clearly -
0:56 - 0:59what these studies are, especially ethics.
-
0:59 - 1:02Put briefly, I like "history of ideas."
-
1:02 - 1:05What is "history of ideas"?
-
1:05 - 1:09It teaches us the history
of our thoughts -
1:09 - 1:12such as "what makes us human?",
-
1:12 - 1:16or "what makes the world?"
-
1:16 - 1:20By learning what human beings
have thought in the past, -
1:20 - 1:24we discover the rules
of the human beings and the world. -
1:24 - 1:28We learn how to to relativize
the relation between humans and the world. -
1:30 - 1:34That's what the history of ideas is about.
-
1:34 - 1:36Thales of Miletus said:
-
1:36 - 1:38"Water is the primary
principle of nature." -
1:38 - 1:41What he means exactly is that
the world is made of water. -
1:41 - 1:44According to Heraclitus of Ephesus,
"Everything is constantly changing." -
1:44 - 1:47You see, many people have thought
many different things -
1:47 - 1:49about the world and humanity.
-
1:50 - 1:53I've studied such history.
-
1:53 - 1:57I was especially attracted
-
1:57 - 2:02by the idea of Hegel,
a German philosopher. -
2:02 - 2:06His thought covered various fields
-
2:06 - 2:12from human spirit to patriotism,
history or esthetics. -
2:12 - 2:18I like his systematic modelization
of different things. -
2:19 - 2:25To modelize is to organize various
things related by logical coherence, -
2:25 - 2:29For instance, Newton elicited
the "law of gravitation" -
2:29 - 2:34by the fact that when you release
something, it falls down on the earth, -
2:34 - 2:41and that the earth goes around the sun.
-
2:41 - 2:44He made up a logical modeling.
-
2:44 - 2:49Actually the procedure of modelization
is quite similar to programming. -
2:50 - 2:52Take a car navigation system
as an example. -
2:52 - 2:55you car is most probably equipped
with a navigation system. -
2:55 - 2:58it finds your easiest and best route
-
2:58 - 3:01What makes this possible
-
3:01 - 3:04is the modelization
of actual roads and traffic jams, -
3:04 - 3:07in other word, a mathematical
mechanism makes this possible. -
3:07 - 3:12Computers will find routes successfully.
-
3:14 - 3:20Hegel has developed
a modelization method called "dialectic". -
3:20 - 3:23Let me explain very briefly.
-
3:23 - 3:27If there is a "thesis"
and its "antithesis", -
3:27 - 3:30the model doesn't believe any,
nor criticize them. -
3:30 - 3:35It reviews the contradiction
and makes adjustments. -
3:35 - 3:40It extracts more essential metaphysics.
-
3:40 - 3:42That is the dialectic.
-
3:43 - 3:47One idea occurred to me
when I learn this Hegel way of thinking -
3:47 - 3:54What happens if we apply the concept
of Hegel to this era? -
3:55 - 3:58We live in the world, in which computers
will take the place of human. -
3:58 - 4:01So I wonder what could happen.
-
4:02 - 4:03Let's take an example.
-
4:03 - 4:07This is a past problem
in the entrance exam of an university. -
4:07 - 4:11If we solve it by ourselves,
we calculate on a paper like this -
4:11 - 4:14and finally figure out the solution.
-
4:14 - 4:19But if you access to "wolframalpa.com"
and enter the formula, -
4:20 - 4:25you will receive the solution instantly.
In addition, it provides a graph. -
4:25 - 4:30No wonder you don't feel
motivated to study. -
4:30 - 4:34Another example is Larry Page, Google CEO.
-
4:34 - 4:39He said, "Robots and computers
will replace our jobs -
4:39 - 4:42due to rapid AI development."
-
4:42 - 4:47According to a thesis
by the University of Oxford, -
4:47 - 4:53robots will replace
47% of American jobs in 20 years. -
4:55 - 5:01In the case of data input,
the probability rises to 99%. -
5:01 - 5:06For referee and
insurance certification: 98%. -
5:06 - 5:11Robots will replace all these people.
-
5:14 - 5:17I get back on track.
-
5:18 - 5:22Owing to the AI, machine learning
or robot engineering, -
5:22 - 5:25technology potential is
dramatically spreading. -
5:25 - 5:29What should we do
under such circumstances? -
5:30 - 5:34Should we be pessimistic
about no meaning of existence -
5:34 - 5:40or shall we be free
from work alienation? -
5:42 - 5:46None of them are correct according to me.
-
5:46 - 5:49I have a new way of thinking.
-
5:50 - 5:55So we need to compare the differences
between human beings and computers. -
5:57 - 6:03This copy android of Dr. Hiroshi
Ishigiuro was made by him, -
6:03 - 6:06the czar of humanoid robot research.
-
6:06 - 6:09He explained the significance
to make this type of android -
6:09 - 6:16that he can review "what human are"
by spending time with close android. -
6:16 - 6:19Another example is
-
6:19 - 6:22the theoretical experiment
of virtual musicians. -
6:22 - 6:26The experiment has the objective
to test the assumption -
6:26 - 6:29whether we can be moved by music
composed by computers. -
6:29 - 6:31What do you think of that?
-
6:32 - 6:36We are moved by music that we acknowledge
has been composed by computers, -
6:36 - 6:41it means that we are moved
by the content of the music itself. -
6:41 - 6:44But our very knowledge that the music
was composed by a machine -
6:44 - 6:46could prevent us from being moved by it.
-
6:46 - 6:50In this case, it could mean that
we are moved by the existence of a human -
6:50 - 6:55whose feelings are translated
in the music itself. -
6:56 - 7:01We are moved when Usain Bolt made
the world record in the Olympic Games. -
7:01 - 7:05But we are not moved
when cars run at the same speed. -
7:05 - 7:09We could say it's the same phenomena.
-
7:09 - 7:11However, we may be moved
-
7:11 - 7:14when we learn about the
tremendous efforts and difficulties -
7:14 - 7:18overcome by the computers
to compose music. -
7:18 - 7:22In this case, we could say
that we are moved -
7:22 - 7:26by the story of the composing machine.
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7:28 - 7:33What is the meaning of comparison
between human beings and computers? -
7:33 - 7:38I think that we try to move
our hearts with computers. -
7:39 - 7:43Now I want to introduce
one of my actual research. -
7:43 - 7:48We have developed a program designed
to find the theme of any music. -
7:48 - 7:50Do you know what theme of music is?
-
7:50 - 7:55Briefly speaking, it is melodic climax.
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7:55 - 8:01Generally most musics are composed
by combination and repetition -
8:01 - 8:05of "A melody", "B melody" and "theme".
-
8:06 - 8:11So how does the program find the theme?
-
8:12 - 8:15I first thought that finding
the repetition would make it. -
8:15 - 8:19The program finds out the repetitions.
-
8:19 - 8:22Based on the aforementioned rules,
-
8:22 - 8:26it detects melody A and melody B
and infers that it could be the theme. -
8:26 - 8:28That is how conventional
programs are working. -
8:28 - 8:32But this method has reached its limit.
-
8:32 - 8:36A factor that made it reach
its limit is "Vocaloid", -
8:36 - 8:39a software to compose music.
-
8:39 - 8:43It doesn't matter if you are
a professional composer or not, -
8:43 - 8:47this software makes composition easy,
even for amateurs. -
8:47 - 8:51The result is that much
unique music is created. -
8:51 - 8:56So many musics don't follow the rules.
-
8:56 - 9:00And most of them are posted on "Niconico",
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9:00 - 9:03video sharing website.
-
9:03 - 9:06It means that there is no limit
to the length of the music. -
9:06 - 9:10We can compose various kinds of music
-
9:10 - 9:13from very short to over 10 minutes.
-
9:13 - 9:17As a result, I can't use
the method I had been using until now. -
9:17 - 9:21So I created a new method
to detect themes more accurately -
9:21 - 9:25by analyzing the comments posted
-
9:25 - 9:30with the musics on Niconico.
-
9:31 - 9:35Put simply, I extract the major elements
from the comments, -
9:35 - 9:38and look for the theme parts
that are related to the comments. -
9:38 - 9:41That's the idea.
-
9:41 - 9:44I attended a science and technology
convention for high school students -
9:44 - 9:49and received a "Minister award
for science and technology policy" for it. -
9:49 - 9:53It is a mouthful award.
-
9:53 - 9:57I could also attend an Intel convention
as a representative of Japan, -
9:57 - 10:00where I received the "award
of Fondazione Bruno Kessler." -
10:00 - 10:04That was the technical part of my talk.
-
10:04 - 10:08I would like to talk about the emotions
I felt during the process. -
10:08 - 10:10It's about the boundary
between what human beings can do -
10:10 - 10:13and what machine can do.
-
10:15 - 10:18Combining the comments to the music
-
10:18 - 10:21is grounded in the idea
to link the music to a human being. -
10:21 - 10:26Even when you combine it to the comments,
-
10:26 - 10:29it is not always possible
to detect the theme. -
10:29 - 10:32But usually, we find it.
-
10:32 - 10:37So for me, the theme opacity
is filled with humanity. -
10:39 - 10:44We are developing technologies
more and more in our time. -
10:44 - 10:49It is my conviction that there are things
that only humans are able to realize -
10:49 - 10:52under the well-developed
technology society. -
10:54 - 10:57I think that we find the answer
to our survival -
10:57 - 11:01in the very boundary
between humans and machines. -
11:01 - 11:03A philosopher said:
-
11:03 - 11:09"Alienation of labor causes
the alienation of human by human," -
11:09 - 11:14He thought "working" is what makes
man worthy of the name. -
11:15 - 11:17But I think
-
11:17 - 11:23"creativity" is what makes
man worthy of the name. -
11:24 - 11:26Thank you very much.
-
11:26 - 11:29(Applause)
- Title:
- Creativity makes man worthy of the name | Hiromu Yakura| TEDxKids@Chiyoda
- Description:
-
They say that human's jobs will be replaced by computers in a rapid technology-developed society. Hiromu Yakara, a high-school programmer talks about his efforts and how to survive in this era.
This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at http://ted.com/tedx
- Video Language:
- Japanese
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDxTalks
- Duration:
- 11:43
Ellen approved English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Ellen edited English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Ellen edited English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Claire Ghyselen accepted English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Claire Ghyselen edited English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Masako Kigami edited English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Masako Kigami edited English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda | ||
Claire Ghyselen declined English subtitles for 人間の人間たる所似は、クリエイティビティにこそある | 矢倉 大夢 | TEDxKids@Chiyoda |