Protecting the Amazon Rainforest
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0:04 - 0:08So Marcelo, here we have the Amazon map
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0:08 - 0:12that shows us the deforestation area data,
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0:12 - 0:15which you are showing to us,
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0:15 - 0:18Can you explain what is the relationship between this information
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0:18 - 0:21and the theme we are working on our at this Camp: "evidence and influence".
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0:21 - 0:23How do you think these two things are related?
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0:23 - 0:25What are your thoughts about these subjects?
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0:25 - 0:28This map is a work made with satellite images,
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0:28 - 0:32and you are able, nowadays, to measure, for example,
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0:32 - 0:35how much forest we have lost.
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0:35 - 0:39Despite, that we have lost so much forest,
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0:39 - 0:44we still have...This is still the largest tropical forest area on the planet.
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0:44 - 0:50It has essential importance for several environmental reasons, mainly, those linked with the regulation of the climate.
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0:50 - 0:52Because for example, the oxygen produced and sent into the atmosphere.
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0:57 - 1:00This map also excludes some evidence
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1:00 - 1:04which we cannot see on a map of this scale and
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1:09 - 1:13that is the 'forest degradation'.
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1:13 - 1:15This is not the total forest area deforestation, but
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1:15 - 1:18it is the cutting down of some forest trees or species.
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1:18 - 1:23So, 'forest degradation' is actually liked with some specific species?
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1:23 - 1:28Exactly, specific species, for example, that are used in the lumber industry or the coal industry.
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1:28 - 1:31In other words, specific species (of trees) are used for the coal industries.
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1:31 - 1:35We have the coal industry in Brazil and those
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1:35 - 1:38producing iron ore. These industries are clearing the
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1:38 - 1:45remains of forest areas in some regions, mainly in Pará state region.
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1:46 - 1:51Behind this destructive work,
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1:51 - 1:54we have a very bad, a violent reality.
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1:54 - 2:01In fact, the greatest disputation in the Amazon, today,
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2:01 - 2:04Is the natural resources disputation.
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2:04 - 2:10This dispute, generally, is been carried out in a violent way.
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2:10 - 2:13As you can see on this map, for example,
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2:13 - 2:16this is a 'protected areas' map,
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2:16 - 2:21we have several protected areas and indigenous territories too.
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2:21 - 2:24In these indigenous territories, the indigenous people
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2:24 - 2:28have more ability to protecting their areas,
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2:28 - 2:30it is not the same in 'protected areas'.
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2:30 - 2:35In Brazil, like in another South American countries,
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2:35 - 2:37there are specific protected areas that are demarcated
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2:37 - 2:40to support the survival of local communities.
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2:40 - 2:45Those communities are vulnerable because
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2:45 - 2:49the areas were created, but there is no governance.
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2:49 - 2:52The government is not there helping these communities.
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2:52 - 2:55We have a lot of different examples... I..
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2:55 - 3:00I've lost one of my friends here, José Cláudio and Maria, his wife.
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3:00 - 3:03She was killed because she was with him.
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3:03 - 3:05Where did it happen?
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3:05 - 3:10It happened in 'Nova Pichuna', in Pará state, in 2011,
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3:10 - 3:17four months after his interview in TEDx,
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3:17 - 3:20when he reported that he had been issued a death threat.
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3:20 - 3:23Why did he die? He died because he used to guard the forest,
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3:23 - 3:26his piece of land, the land the government gave him.
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3:26 - 3:29it was a tiny piece of land, with 100 ha (0.38 mi²).
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3:29 - 3:34The lumbermen and farms in this area are looking for
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3:34 - 3:37the lumbermen are looking for the wood.
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3:42 - 3:47These areas were donated by the government to the local communities for their using in sustainable practices.
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3:47 - 3:51The farmers want to rent these lands for cattle,
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3:51 - 3:54so they can pull together various tiny areas to make a large farm
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3:54 - 4:00or to cast out the local farmers and take their properties.
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4:00 - 4:05My friend Jose was denouncing this and he was killed because of this.
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4:05 - 4:08José Claudio's death felt by a lot of Brazilian people?
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4:08 - 4:12Activists across the whole country were moved.
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4:12 - 4:15Exactly. Because it is very hard to see threats like this one:
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4:15 - 4:17the freedom of speech, the intimidation.
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4:17 - 4:20I've recently heard a description from
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4:20 - 4:23José Cláudio murders' judgement and
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4:23 - 4:30the politics in the Brazilian region
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4:30 - 4:40the problems are solved locally, with little capacity for understanding in regions of the country.
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4:40 - 4:44Where I live, we do not get a lot of these dynamics.
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4:44 - 4:46José Cláudio's story is a emblematic case,
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4:46 - 4:51because of the fact that his speech was made at TEDx,
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4:51 - 4:57this made him more well known among people,
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4:57 - 5:01a public figure: his speech is on internet,
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5:01 - 5:05many people have heard his story.
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5:05 - 5:09Like him, we have a lot of leaders who have been murdered
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5:09 - 5:13and they have continuously been murdered. Other people have been murdered after him
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5:13 - 5:16but those people are not known. So, the big question is
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5:16 - 5:23how to make public the stories of those people who are dying
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5:23 - 5:27The fact of knowing though
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5:27 - 5:30like, in the case of José Cláudio, whose situation was more known,
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5:30 - 5:32unfortunately, it was not possible to prevent his death.
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5:32 - 5:36No. Actually, I want to ask you
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5:36 - 5:41We have information and we are able to point out the problem, but
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5:41 - 5:45How could we invert the dynamics and use the information we have
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5:45 - 5:49in order to do a more effective activism in these Amazon regions?
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5:49 - 5:53I think, actually, we have information, but
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5:53 - 5:55it is not used as it should be.
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5:55 - 5:59We should show more this, make pressure on the government.
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5:59 - 6:03The government knows: the 'comissão pastoral da terra',
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6:03 - 6:07an organization administrated by the catholic church has a list of people under threat.
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6:07 - 6:12If you take this list you can check like this: this one is dead, this is dead, dead....
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6:12 - 6:15and this is unacceptable!
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6:15 - 6:18This is, in fact, unacceptable!
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6:18 - 6:20Not just the government, but also the society has to do something about it.
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6:20 - 6:25When we think about 'the government',we think just about the executive government, but,
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6:25 - 6:32what about the judiciary? Less than 1% these murder cases were solved.
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6:32 - 6:36We have to change this reality.
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6:36 - 6:39Why is it happening? Are they waiting judgments?
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6:39 - 6:42Or, these cases never got into a court?
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6:42 - 6:46The police never collect enough evidence of the murders,
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6:46 - 6:50there is corruption in the police and in the judiciary.
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6:50 - 6:55The prosecutors who accuse are not good,
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6:55 - 6:59they are not able to accomplish the prosecution.
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6:59 - 7:04Then, It is not possible to point to the masterminds of the crimes, or the murders.
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7:04 - 7:06And It was what happened in the case of José Cláudio, right?
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7:06 - 7:08Yes, it is exactly what happened in the case of José Cláudio.
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7:11 - 7:13And the same thing happened in an even more well known case, that is the case of Sister Dorothy.
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7:13 - 7:17In 2005, Sister Dorothy was killed.
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7:17 - 7:24A Sister... It is hard to talk about it.. because..
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7:24 - 7:29She was 70 years old...
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7:29 - 7:32She was a friend...
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7:32 - 7:36And she has been killed with the Bible in hands, you know?
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7:36 - 7:40We are aware of who are the masterminds..
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7:40 - 7:43And Is not it possible to gather enough proof? Just one of them has been indicted,
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7:43 - 7:49and that is really sad, you know? We cannot accept that! loosing friends, and....
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7:49 - 7:58And they are people who are important to keep as this world's treasure! That is unacceptable!
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7:58 - 8:06It is a country where a 70 year old lady, a sister, a nun died and
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8:06 - 8:12It is not possible to prosecute the real masterminds.
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8:12 - 8:15In the Amazon we call it a 'consortium'
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8:15 - 8:17Usually, people are killed by a 'consortium'
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8:17 - 8:20The most well known people, those who really generate problems,
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8:20 - 8:22The real troubles makers are the ones who work illegally.
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8:26 - 8:33What they do is to create a 'consortium' between several farmers, loggers.and whoever.
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8:33 - 8:35They get together to pay the murders and
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8:35 - 8:37one member of the consortium is selected to
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8:37 - 8:41be indicted in the case that the police actually find out what happened.
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8:41 - 8:44That is what is happening there, so
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8:44 - 8:47There still are lots of people being threatened.
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8:47 - 8:51Things are better in some areas. But there still are too many issues
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8:51 - 8:56I think that while we activists should highlight this even more
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8:56 - 9:02José Cláudio was just one of many and a journalist decided
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9:02 - 9:08to bring him to TEDx and show his face and due to this
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9:08 - 9:13It was possible for us to call people's attention to his case
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9:13 - 9:15and at least to arrest the murderers.
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9:15 - 9:18If it was not like that he would have been just one more statistic,
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9:18 - 9:23So, I believe that 'evidence' brings to light hat is happening and is essential.
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9:23 - 9:31And, you know how It is like in loco, right?
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9:31 - 9:37How do you think local people deal this Amazon issue,
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9:37 - 9:39that involves politics, deforestation...
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9:39 - 9:45Those people understand what they are doing pretty well,
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9:45 - 9:52They know they are protecting social and human rights.
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9:52 - 9:54and also the environment.
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9:54 - 10:00For the most part they understand the connection between the environment and the people.
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10:00 - 10:03There is not such thing as a rupture between these two things
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10:03 - 10:06like some farmers think that there is, and
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10:06 - 10:08face the forest as a trammers for them,
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10:08 - 10:12For them, in order to develop It is necessery to take this trammer off.
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10:12 - 10:17Another thing is that most people are aware
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10:17 - 10:21They are under danger, but they insist ion staying there
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10:21 - 10:23to keep protecting their area.
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10:23 - 10:29This is a problem: not everyone agrees in protect themselves, you know?
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10:29 - 10:32We keep in touch with lots of people from
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10:32 - 10:34international organizations, people worried in promoting human rights
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10:37 - 10:39They deal with new technologies and are having,
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10:39 - 10:43through this video, the opportunity to
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10:43 - 10:46learn about what is happening
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10:46 - 10:49How could these international organizations help to transform
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10:49 - 10:52this reality that is so clear for those who work in there,
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10:52 - 10:55and make political action more effective, defending people from the violence and
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10:55 - 11:00the deforestation of the Amazon?
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11:00 - 11:03I think that they can help local organizations
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11:03 - 11:05that are already there and are working in order to reduce the violence.
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11:05 - 11:09They could amplify their voices,
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11:09 - 11:15help people hear and pay attention to what is happening there.
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11:15 - 11:18There are several local organizations,
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11:18 - 11:23The 'Comissão Pastoral da Terra' (Pastoral Land Commission) is one of them
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11:23 - 11:25and It could be contacted for a list of other local organisations.
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11:28 - 11:32I should say this situation does not happen just in Brazil, It also happens in Peru.
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11:32 - 11:37And for those who are not in Brazil,
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11:37 - 11:44to gather information on internet about what is happening,
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11:44 - 11:48what would be the best first step?
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11:50 - 11:54There are these organisations that have the data,
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11:54 - 12:00their is government data. But, It is hard to gather all the information available.
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12:00 - 12:02Mainly, for those who are abroad, isn't it?
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12:02 - 12:06The Brazilian Public Prosecutor also has
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12:06 - 12:10a list of people who have been threatened in the region.
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12:10 - 12:15The point is that there is not any program, you know
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12:15 - 12:21We have moved in the direction of disclosure of the information.
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12:21 - 12:29organize the information would also be a way of make a difference.
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- Title:
- Protecting the Amazon Rainforest
- Description:
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A very important world heritage, that is the Amazon rain forest is under danger. In this video the threats in the region are exposed, understand what is going on, the issues, the importance of the forest and the situation of people who depend on their resources could help us to help them to preserve this treasure.
- Video Language:
- Portuguese, Brazilian
- Team:
- EngageMedia
- Duration:
- 12:34
Tanya Notley edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
Tanya Notley edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
Tanya Notley edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
karla.dilascio edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
karla.dilascio edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
karla.dilascio edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
Seelan Palay edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm | ||
Tanya Notley edited English subtitles for videos.engagemedia.org/.../marcello_5sept2013_mp4-mp4.webm |