[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.27,0:00:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Marcelo, here we have the Amazon map
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.88,0:00:11.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that shows us the deforestation area data,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:11.94,0:00:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you are showing to us,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.60,0:00:18.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you explain what is the relationship between this information
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.05,0:00:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the theme we are working on our at this Camp: "evidence and influence".
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.42,0:00:23.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you think these two things are related?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.04,0:00:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What are your thoughts about these subjects?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.26,0:00:27.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This map is a work made with satellite images,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.85,0:00:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you are able, nowadays, to measure, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.14,0:00:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how much forest we have lost.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.87,0:00:38.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Despite, that we have lost so much forest,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.95,0:00:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we still have...This is still the largest tropical forest area on the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.21,0:00:49.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It has essential importance for several environmental reasons, mainly, those linked with the regulation of the climate.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.80,0:00:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because for example, the oxygen produced and sent into the atmosphere.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.72,0:01:00.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This map also excludes some evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.45,0:01:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we cannot see on a map of this scale and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.98,0:01:12.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is the 'forest degradation'.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.55,0:01:14.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not the total forest area deforestation, but
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.93,0:01:18.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is the cutting down of some forest trees or species.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.16,0:01:22.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, 'forest degradation' is actually liked with some specific species?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.74,0:01:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exactly, specific species, for example, that are used in the lumber industry or the coal industry.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.44,0:01:31.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, specific species (of trees) are used for the coal industries.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.44,0:01:35.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have the coal industry in Brazil and those
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.39,0:01:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,producing iron ore. These industries are clearing the
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.57,0:01:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remains of forest areas in some regions, mainly in Pará state region.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.39,0:01:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Behind this destructive work,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.10,0:01:53.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have a very bad, a violent reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.98,0:02:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, the greatest disputation in the Amazon, today,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.60,0:02:04.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is the natural resources disputation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.06,0:02:09.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This dispute, generally, is been carried out in a violent way.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.73,0:02:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you can see on this map, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.14,0:02:16.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is a 'protected areas' map,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.36,0:02:21.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have several protected areas and indigenous territories too.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.18,0:02:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In these indigenous territories, the indigenous people
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.18,0:02:27.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have more ability to protecting their areas,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.50,0:02:30.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is not the same in 'protected areas'.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.45,0:02:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Brazil, like in another South American countries,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.19,0:02:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there are specific protected areas that are demarcated
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.39,0:02:40.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to support the survival of local communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.11,0:02:44.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those communities are vulnerable because
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.63,0:02:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the areas were created, but there is no governance.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.51,0:02:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The government is not there helping these communities.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.68,0:02:55.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have a lot of different examples... I..
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.43,0:03:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've lost one of my friends here, José Cláudio and Maria, his wife.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.32,0:03:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was killed because she was with him.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.14,0:03:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where did it happen?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.30,0:03:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It happened in 'Nova Pichuna', in Pará state, in 2011,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.94,0:03:16.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four months after his interview in TEDx,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.52,0:03:19.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he reported that he had been issued a death threat.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.56,0:03:23.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why did he die? He died because he used to guard the forest,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.50,0:03:26.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his piece of land, the land the government gave him.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.49,0:03:29.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was a tiny piece of land, with 100 ha (0.38 mi²).
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.29,0:03:34.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lumbermen and farms in this area are looking for
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.05,0:03:37.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the lumbermen are looking for the wood.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.67,0:03:46.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These areas were donated by the government to the local communities for their using in sustainable practices.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.98,0:03:51.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The farmers want to rent these lands for cattle,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:51.45,0:03:54.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they can pull together various tiny areas to make a large farm
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.39,0:03:59.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or to cast out the local farmers and take their properties.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.53,0:04:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My friend Jose was denouncing this and he was killed because of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.89,0:04:07.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,José Claudio's death felt by a lot of Brazilian people?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.63,0:04:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Activists across the whole country were moved.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.18,0:04:14.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Exactly. Because it is very hard to see threats like this one:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.88,0:04:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the freedom of speech, the intimidation.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.44,0:04:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've recently heard a description from
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.94,0:04:23.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,José Cláudio murders' judgement and
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.33,0:04:29.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the politics in the Brazilian region
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.53,0:04:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the problems are solved locally, with little capacity for understanding in regions of the country.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.39,0:04:43.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where I live, we do not get a lot of these dynamics.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.83,0:04:46.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,José Cláudio's story is a emblematic case,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.49,0:04:51.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because of the fact that his speech was made at TEDx,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.15,0:04:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this made him more well known among people,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.44,0:05:00.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a public figure: his speech is on internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.67,0:05:04.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many people have heard his story.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.72,0:05:08.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like him, we have a lot of leaders who have been murdered
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.57,0:05:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they have continuously been murdered. Other people have been murdered after him
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.53,0:05:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but those people are not known. So, the big question is
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.75,0:05:22.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how to make public the stories of those people who are dying
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.93,0:05:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fact of knowing though
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.31,0:05:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like, in the case of José Cláudio, whose situation was more known,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.72,0:05:32.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unfortunately, it was not possible to prevent his death.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.48,0:05:35.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. Actually, I want to ask you
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.94,0:05:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have information and we are able to point out the problem, but
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.87,0:05:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could we invert the dynamics and use the information we have
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.38,0:05:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to do a more effective activism in these Amazon regions?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.52,0:05:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think, actually, we have information, but
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.92,0:05:55.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is not used as it should be.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.44,0:05:59.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We should show more this, make pressure on the government.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.47,0:06:02.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The government knows: the 'comissão pastoral da terra',
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.75,0:06:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an organization administrated by the catholic church has a list of people under threat.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.12,0:06:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you take this list you can check like this: this one is dead, this is dead, dead....
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.21,0:06:14.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is unacceptable!
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.89,0:06:17.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is, in fact, unacceptable!
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.57,0:06:20.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not just the government, but also the society has to do something about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.26,0:06:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we think about 'the government',we think just about the executive government, but,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.50,0:06:31.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what about the judiciary? Less than 1% these murder cases were solved.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.95,0:06:35.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have to change this reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:35.57,0:06:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why is it happening? Are they waiting judgments?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.94,0:06:42.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, these cases never got into a court?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.25,0:06:45.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The police never collect enough evidence of the murders,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.73,0:06:49.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there is corruption in the police and in the judiciary.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.79,0:06:55.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The prosecutors who accuse are not good,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.43,0:06:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are not able to accomplish the prosecution.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.76,0:07:04.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then, It is not possible to point to the masterminds of the crimes, or the murders.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.16,0:07:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And It was what happened in the case of José Cláudio, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.28,0:07:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, it is exactly what happened in the case of José Cláudio.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.52,0:07:13.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the same thing happened in an even more well known case, that is the case of Sister Dorothy.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.11,0:07:16.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2005, Sister Dorothy was killed.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.81,0:07:23.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A Sister... It is hard to talk about it.. because..
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.95,0:07:28.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was 70 years old...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.82,0:07:32.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was a friend...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.24,0:07:36.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And she has been killed with the Bible in hands, you know?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.33,0:07:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are aware of who are the masterminds..
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.92,0:07:43.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Is not it possible to gather enough proof? Just one of them has been indicted,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:43.45,0:07:48.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that is really sad, you know? We cannot accept that! loosing friends, and....
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.93,0:07:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they are people who are important to keep as this world's treasure! That is unacceptable!
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.86,0:08:05.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a country where a 70 year old lady, a sister, a nun died and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.81,0:08:11.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is not possible to prosecute the real masterminds.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.94,0:08:14.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the Amazon we call it a 'consortium'
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.59,0:08:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually, people are killed by a 'consortium'
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.92,0:08:19.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The most well known people, those who really generate problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.94,0:08:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The real troubles makers are the ones who work illegally.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.93,0:08:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What they do is to create a 'consortium' between several farmers, loggers.and whoever.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.12,0:08:35.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They get together to pay the murders and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.17,0:08:36.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one member of the consortium is selected to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.90,0:08:41.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be indicted in the case that the police actually find out what happened.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.41,0:08:43.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what is happening there, so
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.100,0:08:46.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There still are lots of people being threatened.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.61,0:08:51.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Things are better in some areas. But there still are too many issues
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.35,0:08:56.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that while we activists should highlight this even more
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.14,0:09:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,José Cláudio was just one of many and a journalist decided
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.10,0:09:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bring him to TEDx and show his face and due to this
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.79,0:09:12.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was possible for us to call people's attention to his case
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.78,0:09:15.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and at least to arrest the murderers.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.23,0:09:18.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If it was not like that he would have been just one more statistic,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.49,0:09:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I believe that 'evidence' brings to light hat is happening and is essential.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.20,0:09:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, you know how It is like in loco, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.26,0:09:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you think local people deal this Amazon issue,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.67,0:09:39.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that involves politics, deforestation...
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.39,0:09:45.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those people understand what they are doing pretty well,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.36,0:09:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They know they are protecting social and human rights.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.75,0:09:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and also the environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.32,0:10:00.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the most part they understand the connection between the environment and the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.14,0:10:02.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is not such thing as a rupture between these two things
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.92,0:10:05.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like some farmers think that there is, and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.67,0:10:07.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,face the forest as a trammers for them,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.72,0:10:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For them, in order to develop It is necessery to take this trammer off.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.42,0:10:16.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another thing is that most people are aware
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.54,0:10:20.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are under danger, but they insist ion staying there
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.75,0:10:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep protecting their area.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.32,0:10:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a problem: not everyone agrees in protect themselves, you know?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.78,0:10:31.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We keep in touch with lots of people from
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.64,0:10:34.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,international organizations, people worried in promoting human rights
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.64,0:10:39.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They deal with new technologies and are having,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.28,0:10:42.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through this video, the opportunity to
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.92,0:10:45.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,learn about what is happening
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.72,0:10:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How could these international organizations help to transform
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.84,0:10:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this reality that is so clear for those who work in there,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.75,0:10:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and make political action more effective, defending people from the violence and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:54.78,0:10:59.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the deforestation of the Amazon?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.56,0:11:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that they can help local organizations
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.84,0:11:05.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are already there and are working in order to reduce the violence.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.40,0:11:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They could amplify their voices,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.34,0:11:14.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,help people hear and pay attention to what is happening there.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.72,0:11:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are several local organizations,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.97,0:11:22.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The 'Comissão Pastoral da Terra' (Pastoral Land Commission) is one of them
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.64,0:11:24.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and It could be contacted for a list of other local organisations.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.59,0:11:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I should say this situation does not happen just in Brazil, It also happens in Peru.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.40,0:11:37.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for those who are not in Brazil,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.42,0:11:43.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to gather information on internet about what is happening,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.97,0:11:47.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would be the best first step?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.31,0:11:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are these organisations that have the data,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.78,0:12:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their is government data. But, It is hard to gather all the information available.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.25,0:12:02.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mainly, for those who are abroad, isn't it?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.29,0:12:05.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Brazilian Public Prosecutor also has
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.69,0:12:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a list of people who have been threatened in the region.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.18,0:12:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The point is that there is not any program, you know
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.12,0:12:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have moved in the direction of disclosure of the information.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:21.39,0:12:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organize the information would also be a way of make a difference.