How big is the ocean? - Scott Gass

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While the Earth's oceans are known as five separate entities, there is really only one ocean. So, how big is it? As of 2013, it takes up 71% of the Earth, houses 99% of the biosphere, and contains some of Earth's grandest geological features. Scott Gass reminds us of the influence humans have on the ocean and the influence it has on us.

Lesson by Scott Gass, animation by Sandro Katamashvili.

Imagine yourself standing on a beach,

looking out over the ocean,

waves crashing against the shore,

blue as far as your eyes can see.

Let it really sink in,

the sheer scope and size of it all.

Now, ask yourself,

"How big is it?

How big is the ocean?"

First thing, we need to understand

that there really is only one ocean,

consisting of five component
basins that we call

the Pacific,

the Atlantic,

the Indian,

the Arctic,

and the Southern.

Each of these five,

while generally referred to as oceans

in and of themselves,

are really and truly a part of

a single, massive body of water,

one ocean,

which defines the very
face of planet Earth.

The ocean covers roughly 71%
of our planet's surface,

some 360 million square kilometers,

an area in excess
of the size of 36 U.S.A.'s.

It's such a vast spread,

when viewed from space,

the ocean is, by far, the dominant
feature of our planet.

Speaking of space,

the ocean currently
holds over 1.3 billion,

that's billion with a "b",

cubic kilometers of water.

Put another way,

that's enough water to immerse

the entire United States

under a body of salt water

over 132 kilometers tall,

a height well beyond the reach
of the highest clouds

and extending deep
into the upper atmosphere.

With all that volume,

the ocean represents 97%

of Earth's total water content.

On top of all that,

the ocean contains upwards of 99%

of the world's biosphere,

that is, the spaces
and places where life exists.

Now let that sink in for a second.

The immediate world as we know it,

indeed the totality
of all the living space

encompassed by the continents themselves,

all of that represents
only 1% of the biosphere.

1%!

The ocean is everything else.

So, the ocean is physically massive.

It's importance to life
is practically unparalleled.

It also happens to hold

the greatest geological
features of our planet.

Quickly, here are four
of the most notable.

The ocean contains
the world's largest mountain range,

the mid-ocean ridge.

At roughly 65,000 kilometers long,

this underwater range is some 10 times

longer than the longest mountain chain

found purely on dry land, the Andes.

Beneath the Denmark Strait exists

the world's largest waterfall.

This massive cataract
carries roughly 116 times

more water per second over its edge

than the Congo River's Inga Falls,

the largest waterfall by volume on land.

The world's tallest mountain
is actually found in the ocean,

hiding in plain sight.

While 4200 meters of Hawaii's Mauna Kea

sit above sea level,

its sides plummet beneath the waves

for another 5800 meters.

From its snow-covered top

to it's silt-covered bottom, then,

this Hawaiian mountain is roughly
10,000 meters in height,

dwarfing tiny Everest's paltry peak

by well over a kilometer.

Then, since we're picking on poor Everest,

let's consider the world's deepest canyon,

the Challenger Deep,

existing 11 kilometers
below the ocean's surface,

some six times deeper
than the Grand Canyon.

That's deep enough to sink
Mount Everest into

and still have over 2.1
kilometers of water

sitting atop its newly submerged peak.

Put another way, the depth
of the Challenger Deep

is roughly the same height

that commercial airliners travel.

So, pretty much however you
choose to slice it,

the ocean is capital B

capital I,

capital G,

BIG!

It defines our planet,

home to the greatest geological features,

comprises the largest living space,

and accordingly, is home
to the greatest numbers

and forms of life on Earth.

It is practically
incomprehensible in scope.

But it is not so big,

so vast,

so extraordinary

as to be untouchable.

In fact, with roughly 50%
of the world's population

living within 100
kilometers of the coastline

and with most of the remainder

living close enough to lakes,
rivers, or swamps,

all of which ultimately lead to the ocean,

virtually every single
person on the planet

has the opportunity
to influence the general health

and nature of the world ocean.

Evidence of human influence is seen

in every part of the ocean,

no matter how deep,

no matter how distant.

The ocean defines our planet,

but, in a very real sense,

we define the ocean.