0:00:14.694,0:00:17.031 Imagine yourself standing on a beach, 0:00:17.055,0:00:19.215 looking out over the ocean, 0:00:19.239,0:00:21.229 waves crashing against the shore, 0:00:21.253,0:00:24.427 blue as far as your eyes can see. 0:00:24.451,0:00:26.190 Let it really sink in, 0:00:26.214,0:00:28.886 the sheer scope and size of it all. 0:00:28.910,0:00:30.703 Now, ask yourself, 0:00:30.727,0:00:32.677 "How big is it? 0:00:32.701,0:00:35.660 How big is the ocean?" 0:00:35.684,0:00:37.373 First thing, we need to understand 0:00:37.397,0:00:39.331 that there really is only one ocean, 0:00:39.355,0:00:42.126 consisting of five component[br]basins that we call 0:00:42.150,0:00:43.210 the Pacific, 0:00:43.234,0:00:43.794 the Atlantic, 0:00:43.818,0:00:44.461 the Indian, 0:00:44.485,0:00:45.048 the Arctic, 0:00:45.072,0:00:46.630 and the Southern. 0:00:46.654,0:00:47.672 Each of these five, 0:00:47.696,0:00:49.467 while generally referred to as oceans 0:00:49.491,0:00:50.927 in and of themselves, 0:00:50.951,0:00:52.512 are really and truly a part of 0:00:52.536,0:00:54.645 a single, massive body of water, 0:00:54.669,0:00:55.707 one ocean, 0:00:55.731,0:00:58.518 which defines the very[br]face of planet Earth. 0:00:58.542,0:01:02.202 The ocean covers roughly 71%[br]of our planet's surface, 0:01:02.226,0:01:05.373 some 360 million square kilometers, 0:01:05.397,0:01:09.524 an area in excess[br]of the size of 36 U.S.A.'s. 0:01:09.548,0:01:10.617 It's such a vast spread, 0:01:10.641,0:01:11.994 when viewed from space, 0:01:12.018,0:01:16.621 the ocean is, by far, the dominant[br]feature of our planet. 0:01:16.645,0:01:17.872 Speaking of space, 0:01:17.896,0:01:22.010 the ocean currently[br]holds over 1.3 billion, 0:01:22.034,0:01:23.712 that's billion with a "b", 0:01:23.736,0:01:25.627 cubic kilometers of water. 0:01:25.651,0:01:26.673 Put another way, 0:01:26.697,0:01:28.247 that's enough water to immerse 0:01:28.271,0:01:30.207 the entire United States 0:01:30.231,0:01:31.642 under a body of salt water 0:01:31.666,0:01:34.506 over 132 kilometers tall, 0:01:34.530,0:01:37.477 a height well beyond the reach[br]of the highest clouds 0:01:37.501,0:01:40.985 and extending deep[br]into the upper atmosphere. 0:01:41.009,0:01:42.195 With all that volume, 0:01:42.219,0:01:44.954 the ocean represents 97% 0:01:44.978,0:01:47.689 of Earth's total water content. 0:01:47.713,0:01:49.285 On top of all that, 0:01:49.309,0:01:52.342 the ocean contains upwards of 99% 0:01:52.366,0:01:54.206 of the world's biosphere, 0:01:54.230,0:01:57.756 that is, the spaces[br]and places where life exists. 0:01:57.780,0:01:59.879 Now let that sink in for a second. 0:01:59.903,0:02:02.173 The immediate world as we know it, 0:02:02.197,0:02:05.167 indeed the totality[br]of all the living space 0:02:05.191,0:02:07.303 encompassed by the continents themselves, 0:02:07.327,0:02:11.767 all of that represents[br]only 1% of the biosphere. 0:02:11.791,0:02:13.542 1%! 0:02:13.566,0:02:16.687 The ocean is everything else. 0:02:16.711,0:02:20.400 So, the ocean is physically massive. 0:02:20.424,0:02:24.001 It's importance to life[br]is practically unparalleled. 0:02:24.025,0:02:25.957 It also happens to hold 0:02:25.981,0:02:29.295 the greatest geological[br]features of our planet. 0:02:32.048,0:02:35.650 Quickly, here are four[br]of the most notable. 0:02:35.674,0:02:38.457 The ocean contains[br]the world's largest mountain range, 0:02:38.481,0:02:40.086 the mid-ocean ridge. 0:02:40.110,0:02:42.997 At roughly 65,000 kilometers long, 0:02:43.021,0:02:45.990 this underwater range is some 10 times 0:02:46.014,0:02:47.980 longer than the longest mountain chain 0:02:48.004,0:02:50.486 found purely on dry land, the Andes. 0:02:50.510,0:02:52.393 Beneath the Denmark Strait exists 0:02:52.417,0:02:55.056 the world's largest waterfall. 0:02:59.040,0:03:03.438 This massive cataract[br]carries roughly 116 times 0:03:03.462,0:03:06.344 more water per second over its edge 0:03:06.368,0:03:08.316 than the Congo River's Inga Falls, 0:03:08.340,0:03:11.736 the largest waterfall by volume on land. 0:03:11.760,0:03:14.618 The world's tallest mountain[br]is actually found in the ocean, 0:03:14.642,0:03:16.241 hiding in plain sight. 0:03:16.265,0:03:18.660 While 4200 meters of Hawaii's Mauna Kea 0:03:18.684,0:03:20.619 sit above sea level, 0:03:20.643,0:03:22.689 its sides plummet beneath the waves 0:03:22.713,0:03:25.041 for another 5800 meters. 0:03:25.065,0:03:26.459 From its snow-covered top 0:03:26.483,0:03:28.630 to it's silt-covered bottom, then, 0:03:28.654,0:03:31.805 this Hawaiian mountain is roughly[br]10,000 meters in height, 0:03:31.829,0:03:34.098 dwarfing tiny Everest's paltry peak 0:03:34.122,0:03:35.926 by well over a kilometer. 0:03:35.950,0:03:38.081 Then, since we're picking on poor Everest, 0:03:38.105,0:03:40.807 let's consider the world's deepest canyon, 0:03:40.831,0:03:42.419 the Challenger Deep, 0:03:42.443,0:03:45.354 existing 11 kilometers[br]below the ocean's surface, 0:03:45.378,0:03:47.805 some six times deeper[br]than the Grand Canyon. 0:03:47.829,0:03:50.446 That's deep enough to sink[br]Mount Everest into 0:03:50.470,0:03:53.615 and still have over 2.1[br]kilometers of water 0:03:53.639,0:03:56.022 sitting atop its newly submerged peak. 0:03:56.046,0:03:58.560 Put another way, the depth[br]of the Challenger Deep 0:03:58.584,0:04:00.145 is roughly the same height 0:04:00.169,0:04:02.231 that commercial airliners travel. 0:04:02.255,0:04:04.877 So, pretty much however you[br]choose to slice it, 0:04:04.901,0:04:06.918 the ocean is capital B 0:04:06.942,0:04:07.737 capital I, 0:04:07.761,0:04:08.868 capital G, 0:04:08.892,0:04:10.025 BIG! 0:04:10.049,0:04:11.966 It defines our planet, 0:04:11.990,0:04:14.452 home to the greatest geological features, 0:04:14.476,0:04:16.871 comprises the largest living space, 0:04:16.895,0:04:19.498 and accordingly, is home[br]to the greatest numbers 0:04:19.522,0:04:21.882 and forms of life on Earth. 0:04:21.906,0:04:25.709 It is practically[br]incomprehensible in scope. 0:04:25.733,0:04:28.628 But it is not so big, 0:04:28.652,0:04:29.857 so vast, 0:04:29.881,0:04:31.218 so extraordinary 0:04:31.242,0:04:33.304 as to be untouchable. 0:04:33.328,0:04:37.049 In fact, with roughly 50%[br]of the world's population 0:04:37.073,0:04:39.698 living within 100[br]kilometers of the coastline 0:04:39.722,0:04:41.696 and with most of the remainder 0:04:41.720,0:04:44.482 living close enough to lakes,[br]rivers, or swamps, 0:04:44.506,0:04:46.963 all of which ultimately lead to the ocean, 0:04:46.987,0:04:49.548 virtually every single[br]person on the planet 0:04:49.572,0:04:52.970 has the opportunity[br]to influence the general health 0:04:52.994,0:04:55.520 and nature of the world ocean. 0:04:55.544,0:04:57.211 Evidence of human influence is seen 0:04:57.235,0:04:59.193 in every part of the ocean, 0:04:59.217,0:05:00.456 no matter how deep, 0:05:00.480,0:05:02.356 no matter how distant. 0:05:02.380,0:05:05.249 The ocean defines our planet, 0:05:05.273,0:05:07.391 but, in a very real sense, 0:05:07.415,0:05:09.621 we define the ocean.