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Food as Medicine | Michael Greger, M.D. | TEDxSedona

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    On a personal note,
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    this is a picture of me
    taken around the time that my grandmother
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    was diagnosed with end-stage heart
    disease and sent home to die.
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    She already had so many bypass surgeries,
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    basically run out of plumbing,
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    confined to a wheel chair,
    crushing chest pain.
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    Her life was over at age 65.
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    But then she heard about
    this guy, Nathan Pritikin,
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    one of our early
    lifestyle medicine pioneers,
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    and what happened next is actually
    detailed in Pritikin's biography.
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    My grandma was one
    of the "death's door" people.
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    Frances Greger, my grandmother,
    arrived in a wheel chair.
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    Mrs. Greger had heart disease,
    angina, claudication.
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    Her condition is so bad,
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    she could no longer walk
    without great pain in her chest and legs.
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    Within three weeks, though,
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    she was not only out of her wheel chair,
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    she was walking 10 miles a day!
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    Here's a picture of my grandma
    at her grandson's wedding,
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    15 years after doctors
    abandoned her to die.
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    She was given a medical death sentence
    at age 65, but thanks to a healthy diet,
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    She was able to enjoy another 31 years on
    this planet until age 96 --
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    (Applause)
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    to enjoy her six grand kids including me.
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    That's why I went into medicine.
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    (Laughter)
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    Years later, when Dr. Dean Ornish published
    his landmark lifestyle heart trial,
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    proving with something called
    quantitative angiography,
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    that indeed heart disease could
    be reversed, arteries opened up,
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    without drugs, without surgery,
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    just a plant-based diet
    and lifestyle program,
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    I assumed this was going
    to be the game changer.
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    My family had seen it with their own eyes,
    but here it was in black and white,
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    published in some of the most prestigious
    medical journals in the world,
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    yet nothing happened.
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    I said, "wait a second."
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    If effectively the cure
    to our number one killer
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    could get lost
    down some rabbit hole and ignored,
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    what else might there be in the medical
    literature that could help my patients,
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    but just didn't have a corporate
    budget driving its promotion?
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    Well, I made it
    my life's mission to find out.
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    For those who are not familiar
    with my work,
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    every year I read through
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    every issue of every English language
    nutrition journal in the world
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    so busy folks like you don't have to.
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    (Laughter)
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    I then compile the most interesting,
    ground breaking, and practical findings
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    in new videos and articles I upload daily
    to my nonprofit site, NutritionFacts.org.
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    Everything on the website is free.
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    There are no ads
    and no corporate sponsorships.
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    Strictly non-commercial.
    Not selling anything.
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    Just put it up as a public
    service, as a labor of love,
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    as a tribute to my grandmother.
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    New videos and articles every day on
    the latest in evidence-based nutrition.
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    What a concept!
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    So where did Pritikin
    get his evidence from?
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    A network of missionary hospitals
    set up throughout sub-Saharan Africa
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    uncovered what may be one of the
    most important medical advance --
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    according to one of our best
    medical figures of the last century,
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    Dr. Dennis Burkit --
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    the fact that many of our major
    and commonest diseases
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    were universally rare, like heart disease.
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    In the African population of Uganda,
    for example,
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    coronary heart disease
    was almost non-existent.
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    Wait a second,
    our number one killer almost non-existent?
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    What were they eating?
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    (Laughter)
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    Well, they're eating
    lots of vegetables and grains and greens,
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    and their protein almost
    entirely from plant sources,
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    and they had the cholesterol
    levels to prove it,
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    very similar to what one sees
    in kind of a modern day plant eater.
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    You say, "Wait a second."
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    Maybe they were just dying early, never
    lived long enough to get heart disease.
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    No. Here's age-matched heart attack
    rates in Uganda versus St. Louis.
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    Out of 632 autopsies in Uganda,
    only one myocardial infarction.
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    Out of 632 age and gender matched
    autopsies in Missouri,
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    136 myocardial infarctions --
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    more than 100 times
    the rate of our leading killer.
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    They were so blown away, went back,
    did another 800 autopsies in Uganda.
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    Still just that one small healed infarct;
    it wasn't even the cause of death.
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    Out of 1,427 patients, less than 1/1,000,
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    whereas here our disease is an epidemic.
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    Atherosclerosis, hardening of arteries,
    is a disease that begins in childhood.
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    By age 10, nearly all the kids raised
    on the standard American diet
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    already have fatty streaks
    building up inside of their arteries --
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    the first stage of the disease.
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    These streaks then
    turn into plaques in our 20s,
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    get worse in our 30s,
    an then can start killing us off.
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    In the heart, it's called a heart attack;
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    in the brain, the same disease
    can cause a stroke.
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    So if there's anyone here today
    older than age 10 --
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    (Laughter)
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    then the question isn't whether or not
    to eat healthy to prevent heart disease;
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    it's whether you want to reverse
    the heart disease you likely already have,
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    whether you know it or not.
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    But is that even possible?
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    When researchers took people
    with heart disease,
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    put them on the plant-based diet
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    eaten by populations
    that didn't get epidemic heart disease,
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    their hope was that we could
    slow the disease down a bit,
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    maybe even stop it.
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    But instead something miraculous happened.
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    As soon as people stopped
    eating artery-clogging diets,
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    their bodies were able to dissolve
    some of the plaque away,
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    opening arteries, only without drugs,
    without surgery,
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    suggesting the bodies
    wanted to be healthy all along,
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    but weren't never given the chance.
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    That remarkable improvement in blood
    flow to the heart muscle itself
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    was after just three weeks
    of plant-based nutrition.
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    The human body is a self-healing machine,
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    unless you're sticking it
    with a fork three times a day.
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    Now sure, you can use moderation
    and hit yourself with a smaller hammer --
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    (Laughter)
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    but why beat yourself up at all?
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    This is nothing new.
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    American Heart Journal, 1977,
    cases like Mr. F.W. here.
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    His heart disease was so bad,
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    that he couldn't even
    make it to the mail box.
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    He started eating healthier,
    and a few months later,
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    he was climbing mountains, with no pain.
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    All right?
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    (Laughter)
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    Now there are these fancy new classes
    of anti-angina drugs on the market now.
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    They cost thousands of dollars a year,
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    but at the highest dose, may be able
    to extend exercise duration
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    as long as 33.5 seconds.
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    (Laughter)
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    It doesn't look like those
    choosing the drugs
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    are going to be climbing
    mountains anytime soon.
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    (Laughter)
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    Plant-based diets aren't just
    safer and cheaper.
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    They can work better since you're treating
    the underlying cause of the disease.
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    Normally I'd go on to cancer and talk
    about the other 15 leading causes of death,
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    talk about how diet may playing a role
    in preventing, arresting, and reversing
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    each of our top 15 killers, but
    what more do you need to know?
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    There's only one diet ever been proven
    to reverse heart disease
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    in the majority of patients:
    a plant-based diet.
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    So any time someone tries to sell you
    on some new diet, do me a favor,
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    Ask them one simple question.
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    "Has this diet been proven
    to reverse heart disease,
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    the number one reason
    me and my loved ones will die?"
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    I mean, if the answer is, "No,"
    why would you even consider it?
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    If that's all a plant-based diet could do,
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    reverse the number one killer
    of men and women,
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    shouldn't that kind of be default
    diet until proven otherwise?
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    The fact it can also be useful
    to prevent, arrest, and reverse
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    other top killers like
    type II diabetes and hypertension
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    would seem to make the case for
    plant-based eating simply overwhelming.
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    Most deaths in the United States
    are preventable
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    and related to nutrition.
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    According to the Global Burden
    of Disease study,
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    the largest study of human
    disease risk factors in history,
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    funded by the
    Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,
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    the number one cause of death in
    these United States: it's our diet.
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    The number one cause of disability
    in the United States: it's our diet.
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    Now bumping tobacco smoking to number two,
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    cigarettes now only kill about a half
    a million Americans every year,
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    whereas our diet kills hundreds
    of thousands more.
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    So if most deaths are preventable,
    related to nutrition,
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    then obviously nutrition
    is the number one thing
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    taught in medical school, right?
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    (Laughter)
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    I mean, I mean, obviously
    it's the number one thing
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    your doctor talks to you about
    every single visit, right?
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    How could there be this disconnect
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    between the science
    and the practice of medicine?
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    Let's do a thought experiment.
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    Imagine yourself a smoker
    back in the 1950s.
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    (Laughter)
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    Back in the 1950s the average
    per capita cigarette consumption
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    was 4,000 cigarettes a year,
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    meaning the average person walking around
    smoked half a pack a day, on average.
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    The media was telling people to smoke.
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    Famous athletes agreed, even Santa Claus
    wanted you to smoke.
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    (Laughter)
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    I mean, look.
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    You want to keep fit and stay slender?
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    So, make sure to smoke
    and eat lots of hot dogs to stay trim,
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    and lots of sugar to stay slim and trim.
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    A lot better than that apple there.
    I mean, sheesh, right?
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    "Though apples do connote
    goodness and freshness,"
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    reads one internal tobacco industry memo,
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    bringing up "many possibilities
    for youth-oriented cigarettes."
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    They wanted to make apple-flavored
    cigarettes for kids. Shameless.
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    "For digestion's sake, you smoke."
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    No curative powers
    claimed by Philip Morris,
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    but hey, better to be safe
    than sorry and smoke.
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    "Blow in her face and she'll
    follow you anywhere!"
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    (Laughter)
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    "No woman ever says no."
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    They're "so round, so firm,
    so fully packed."
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    (Laughter)
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    After all, John Wayne smoked them
    until he got lung cancer and died.
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    You know, back then
    even the paleo folks were smoking.
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    (Laughter)
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    And so were the doctors.
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    Now this is not to say there wasn't
    controversy within the medical profession.
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    Sure, you know, some doctors smoked
    Camels, but others preferred Lucky's,
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    so there was a little disagreement there.
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    The leader of the US Senate agreed,
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    who would want
    to give their throat a break?
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    "Not a single case of throat irritation."
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    How could there be when "cigarettes
    are just as pure as the water you drink."
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    Maybe up in Flint, Michigan.
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    (Laughter)
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    But don't worry, if you do get irritated,
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    your doctor can just write you
    a prescription for cigarettes.
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    This is in the Journal
    of the American Medical Association.
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    So when the AMA is saying smoking,
    on balance, is good for you;
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    when the American Medical
    Association is saying that,
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    where could you turn back then
    if you just wanted the facts?
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    What's the new data advanced by science?
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    Well, she was too tired for fun,
    and "then she smoked a Camel."
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    (Laughter)
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    Babe Ruth spoke of proof-positive
    medical science,
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    that is when he still could speak
    before he died of throat cancer.
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    You know, if by some miracle back then
    there was a SmokingFacts.org website
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    that could deliver the science directly,
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    bypassing commercially
    corruptible institutional filters,
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    you would have known of studies like this.
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    This is an Adventist study
    out of California and published in 1958,
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    showing that non-smokers had at least 90%
    less lung cancer than smokers, right?
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    But this wasn't the first.
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    When famed surgeon Michael DeBakey
    was asked why studies back in the '30s
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    linking lung cancer and
    smoking were simply ignored,
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    he had to remind people
    what it was like back then.
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    We were a smoking society.
    It was everywhere.
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    It was in the movies, airplanes;
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    medical meetings
    were one heavy haze of smoke.
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    Smoking was, in a word, normal.
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    OK. So back to our thought experiment.
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    If you're a smoker in the '50s
    in the know, what do you do?
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    I mean with access to the science,
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    you realize the best available
    balance of evidence
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    suggests your smoking habit—
    not so good for you.
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    So do you change or do you wait?
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    If you wait until your doc says, between
    puffs, to quit, you'd have cancer by then.
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    If you wait until the powers
    that be officially recognize it,
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    like the Surgeon General did in the
    subsequent decade,
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    you'd be dead by then.
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    It took more than 7,000 studies
    and the deaths of countless smokers
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    before the first Surgeon General's report
    against smoking came out.
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    You'd think maybe after
    the first 6,000 studies,
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    could give people
    a little heads up or something?
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    Powerful industry.
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    Maybe we should have stopped
    smoking after the 700th study, like this.
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    As a smoker in the '50s, one on hand,
    you had society, the government,
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    the medical profession itself
    telling you to smoke.
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    And on the other hand,
    all you had was the science,
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    if you're even aware of studies like this.
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    All right, let's fast forward 55 years.
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    There's a new
    Adventist study out of California
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    warning Americans about something else
    they may be putting in their mouths.
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    Of course, it's not just one study;
    put all the studies together.
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    The mortality from all causes together,
    many of our dreaded diseases,
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    significantly lower among those eating
    more plant-based diets.
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    So, instead of someone going along
    with America's smoking habits in the '50s,
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    imagine you or someone you know going
    along with America's eating habits today.
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    What would you do?
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    With access to the science, you realize
    the best available balance of evidence
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    suggests your eating habits
    are not so good.
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    So do you change, or do you wait?
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    If you wait until your doctor tells you,
    between bites, to change,
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    it'll be too late.
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    In fact even after
    the Surgeon General's report came out,
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    the American Medical Association
    went on record refusing to endorse it.
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    Why? Could it have been because they
    were just handed the $10 million check
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    from the tobacco industry?
    Maybe.
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    (Laughter)
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    We know why the tobacco
    industry was sucking up,
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    why the AMA was sucking up
    to the tobacco industry,
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    but why weren't more and more
    individual doctors speaking up?
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    There were a few gallant souls
    ahead of their time,
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    speaking up against
    industries killing millions,
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    but why not more?
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    Maybe it's because the majority
    of physicians themselves
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    smoked cigarettes.
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    Just like most physicians
    today continue to eat foods
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    that are contributing to our
    epidemics of dietary disease.
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    What was the AMA's rallying cry back then?
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    Everything in moderation.
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    Extensive scientific studies have proven
    smoking in moderation, oh, that's fine.
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    Sound familiar?
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    The food industry used
    the same tobacco industry tactics,
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    twisting the science, misinformation.
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    The same scientists were hired,
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    paid to downplay the risks
    of cigarettes and toxic chemicals,
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    are the same paid for by the
    National Confectioners Association
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    to downplay the risks of candy,
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    and the same paid for by the meat
    industry to downplay the risks of meat,
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    whereas animal foods and processed foods,
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    you're killing off at least
    14 million people every year.
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    So those of us involved in this kind
    of evidence-based nutrition revolution,
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    we're talking about 14 million lives
    in the balance.
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    Maybe, plant-based nutrition
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    should be considered as the nutritional
    equivalent of quitting smoking,
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    but how long do we have to wait
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    before the CDC says don't wait
    for open heart surgery;
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    to start eating healthier as well.
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    Until the system changes,
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    we need to take personal responsibility
    for our health, for our family's health.
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    We can't wait until society
    catches up to the science again
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    because it's a matter of life and death.
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    A few years ago
  • 17:48 - 17:52
    Dr. Kim Williams became President
    of the American College of Cardiology.
  • 17:52 - 17:53
    He was asked in an interview
  • 17:53 - 17:56
    why he follows the same diet he recommends
    to all of his patients,
  • 17:56 - 17:58
    a strictly plant-based diet.
  • 17:58 - 18:01
    "I don't mind dying,"
    Dr. Williams replied.
  • 18:02 - 18:04
    "I just don't want it to be my own fault."
  • 18:04 - 18:06
    (Laughter)
  • 18:06 - 18:08
    Thank you.
  • 18:08 - 18:12
    (Applause)
Title:
Food as Medicine | Michael Greger, M.D. | TEDxSedona
Description:

According to the Global Burden of Disease study (the largest study of disease risk factors in history; funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation) the #1 cause of both death and disability in the United States is our diet. Cigarettes now only kill about a half million Americans every year, whereas our diet appears to kill hundreds of thousands more. The good news is that means we have tremendous power over our health destiny and longevity. Healthy eating has the potential to not only prevent, but reverse some of our leading causes of death including heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure. Why, then, is nutrition not the #1 thing taught in medical school? American physician, author, and speaker on public health issues, particularly the benefits of a whole foods, plant-based diet and the harms of eating animal products. He is a vegan and the creator of NutritionFacts.org. This talk was given at a TEDx event using the TED conference format but independently organized by a local community. Learn more at https://www.ted.com/tedx

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Video Language:
English
Team:
closed TED
Project:
TEDxTalks
Duration:
18:29

English subtitles

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