-
Alas, Majesty, today Phoebus
is eclipsed by rain
-
Your Majesty is our only sun
-
Sire, the compliment is over
-
I can't believe it !
They didn't even say one word to you !
-
Desmoulins and Robespierre,
no talking ! Back in line !
-
The French Revolution "The Years of Hope"
-
And all that !
-
Your Majesty will make Fortune blush !
-
Dear Madame de Polignac,
you bring me luck
-
Your Majesty has lost
-
Here I am, penniless again
-
Now I have to tell the poor man
I can't pay my debts...
-
... so he'll have to do it.
-
After all, I am his wife !
-
The fact is, every day
the country gets deeper in debt
-
The costs of the court...
-
The Queen's personal expenses...
-
Our participation in
the American war of independence...
-
... which cost us 2,000 million livres
-
Frankly, the outlook
is not very encouraging
-
What do you advise, Monsieur Necker ?
-
Sire we have two options :
-
First, default and let
the consequences fall where they may
-
No, Monsieur Necker
-
- Your second option ?
- Summon the Estates General
-
It's the only body capable
of raising the taxes to pay the debt
-
But we haven't had
to resort to that for 150 years
-
Sire, it's inevitable
-
This practice is quite uncivilized !
-
I'll have to ask Dame Etiquette
the proper method of milking
-
Mother ! Look ! I can ride all by myself !
-
It's wonderful, darling !
-
And now, dear brethren,
we're holding a meeting today...
-
... March 6, in the church vestibule
-
It's to draw up
the List of Grievances for this parish
-
All men 25 years and older who pay taxes
are invited to come and contribute
-
Our duty is to seize this opportunity
to tell the King...
-
... the truth about what
is amiss in his kingdom
-
I've had enough of lugging stones
around to please his lordship !
-
- You want useless chores abolished !
- That's right !
-
And the salt tax too - when the salt
we buy is rotten and full of dirt !
-
Please, give him
a chance to write it down
-
As a doctor, I demand
that taxation be shared equally
-
By what right are the nobles
and the priests exempt ?
-
And why can only
the nobility be officers ?
-
Free access to all military,
civil and even church positions !
-
- Ecclesiastic ?
- Exactly !
-
What are you writing,
Camille Desmoulins ?
-
No more privilege, no more
humiliation, and equality for all
-
And Liberty too !
-
"No more bread"
-
Too proud to say hello
to your old friends ?
-
Someone thinks he's a bigshot !
-
I wasn't elected
-
Camille ! They're idiots.
They don't know a thing
-
You're not at Versailles ?
-
Not this time - I lost.
-
Lucie, go to your room
-
You good-for-nothing ! If you try to see
my daughter I'll have you whipped !
-
And arrested like a common criminal !
-
Sir, I beg you to believe...
-
... that I care very deeply
for your daughter
-
Take my advice, Danton, get yourself
elected as a Deputy for Paris
-
But do it now, or it will be too late
-
Look at the stuff being written :
things are changing !
-
What change ?
-
Your kind and the clergy
will always outvote the commons
-
- My kind ?
- Yes, the nobility, Monsieur de Mirabeau
-
It's two against one,
and nothing will ever change
-
That's what you think ?
-
I've been elected
as a member of the Third Estate
-
How long can the ruling class
cling to its privileges ?
-
The world is moving - look at America
-
Privilege will never be abolished
-
The best we can hope for is to
spread the wealth around a little
-
I'm not giving up my career for that
-
Look
-
She has a sister
-
How about making a night of it ?
-
No, I have work to do
and some friends are waiting for me.
-
Your noble ideas vanish quickly
when a pair of tits comes in sight
-
Two pairs of tits
-
When did you add a "d'"
before your name ?
-
Since trying to make money in this
business ; any more stupid questions ?
-
That's for you...
-
This one's for you, and this too
-
I'll handle this one myself
-
Write a summary
-
A grain merchant
who's claiming the right...
-
... to call himself
Viscount Something-or-other
-
A bloody fool, but he pays well
-
Why are you attacking me ?
I don't hoard food like some people
-
You know it Danton ! Tell them !
-
They've already killed a baker
-
Everyone knew he hoarded grain
-
I don't blame them
-
They ought to hang all these damned
profiteers, to set an example
-
Cut out your usual speech, Marat.
-
This time it was Legendre,
but I know he's honest
-
What difference does it make
to a starving crowd ?
-
- Will she recover ?
- Probably not
-
Besides, she has a broken neck
-
Gabrielle, I'm hungry !
-
Mirabeau was right. Things are changing
-
I should have stood for election
-
- Why ?
- To be a Deputy for Paris
-
- Why ? You want to be ?
- No, I need to be
-
That smells good
-
Action, Gabrielle... action
-
Have you ever in your life
just stood by and watched ?
-
The more tempting the prospect...
-
... the more I want to get my hands on it
-
I believe that the three orders
assembled here...
-
... will cooperate
for the general good of the state
-
I declare myself
the first friend of my people
-
And I welcome
the representatives of the nation...
-
... it is my glory
to command by divine right
-
That's Lafayette
-
The Marquis de Lafayette ? From America ?
-
Yes, my lord. The hero of the American
War of Independence
-
Gentlemen. His Majesty
has summoned you here...
-
... in order to remedy a deficit which
has raised so much comment in Europe
-
- Who are those men all in black ?
- The Third Estate, my lord
-
What is the Third Estate ?
-
Those who are neither nobles nor priests
-
That's a lot of people
-
It is thus my duty to demonstrate
to you in detail...
-
... the absolute necessity
of financial assistance
-
This is why you have received
the rare privilege...
-
... of being assembed
here in the Estates General
-
Each order shall assemble separately...
-
It's not Versailles, but it's
comfortable without costing too much
-
- Have a seat
- I prefer the bed
-
- You don't mind eggs ?
- Not at all
-
- You're a lawyer, I hear
- Like you
-
I made the mistake of moving to Paris
-
Too many lawyers, not enough clients
-
They want you to vote by order, right ?
-
The clergy plus the nobility
make it 2 to 1
-
At that rate, we'll always lose
-
But if we vote as individuals,
the Third Estate has the majority
-
Necker isn't stupid ;
he knows what he wants
-
He means well, but he's a banker.
And he's Swiss
-
The problem is they don't live
in the same world we do
-
Well ?
-
It would be enough if the lower
clergy, the poorest, join us
-
If nothing changes, they won't get
any money - it's as simple as that
-
Remember ? At Louis le Grand ?
Old Boiteux ?
-
- "What is the Third Estate ?"
- "Nothing !"
-
- "And what does it want ?"
- "Everything !"
-
It's so long ago
-
But you haven't changed
-
Always neat, with every hair in place
-
My one luxury.
But you haven't changed either !
-
A number of the clergy
have joined the Third Estate
-
They say they form 96% of the country
and plan to form a National Assembly...
-
... without Your Majesty's assent
-
- Just as I predicted !
- Please, brother
-
The best solution, Monsieur Necker...
-
... would be to address the 3 orders...
-
... and inform them
that their actions are illegal
-
Excuse me, Sire, but I feel the situation
requires diplomacy, not confrontation
-
Our authority is all that's left,
Monsieur Necker
-
Authority and obedience
by force, if necessary
-
- What's happening ?
- They won't let us in.
-
It's an outrage !
-
To the Tennis Court !
-
Back to the changing room, gentlemen !
-
Bailly ! Take the chair !
-
Silence !
-
Let us take an oath, here and now
-
To never separate, to reassemble
wherever circumstances demand...
-
... until we've given France
a constitution
-
I swear !
-
Therefore I declare void,
illegal and unconstitutional...
-
... the acts of the
so-called National Assembly...
-
... which is meeting despite my orders
-
I am the sole guardian
of my people's welfare
-
And if you abandon me
in such a weighty endeavor...
-
... it is you who will be abandoned,
and not me
-
I order you to disperse at once...
-
... and return to the rooms
set aside for your respective orders...
-
... to resume your meetings
-
Vive le roi !
-
By what right
do you occupy that seat, sir ?
-
My name is Bailly - I'm an astronomer
-
Member of the Academy of Science
and Member for Paris
-
These gentlemen have elected me
President of the National Assembly
-
You've all heard the King
order you to disperse !
-
I believe that the nation in assembly
receives orders from no one
-
Go tell those who sent you that we
are here by the will of the people
-
And we won't leave
except at the point of a bayonet !
-
- They want to stay ?
- Yes, Sire
-
To hell with them then ! Let them stay !
-
The Third Estate is not making a
challenge to the monarchy, just an appeal
-
If you would recognize their legal
existence to help you govern...
-
Wanting to share
the King's power is treason
-
You should hang them all,
as an example
-
But if the Third Estate
has the support of the people--
-
Send in the troops
-
I advise against it, Sire
-
- If we could find a compromise--
- There is no compromise
-
Except for time
-
If I understand you, Monsieur Necker,
the King cannot oppose this Assembly...
-
... without making things worse
-
In that case, he shouldn't even try
-
But rather, agree to their demands...
-
... for now
-
But the King must prepare to respond
to their next demands with force
-
It appears Her Majesty understands
the situation better than any of us
-
The intervention of the foreign
regiments seems to me ill-advised
-
They are regiments from
the provinces, not foreign
-
And I can count on their loyalty in the
event of an insurrection in the capitol
-
The people do not see the uniforms,
but the men wearing them
-
Swiss and German troops,
most of whom don't even speak French
-
They don't see the love Your Majesty has
for them - just a sign of tyranny
-
It's what your enemies want
-
That is not my opinion, Monsieur Necker
-
Nor is it the opinion
of those I have confidence in
-
Then, Your Majesty, I have no choice...
-
... but to offer my resignation
-
And I to accept it
-
Citizens !
-
I've come from Versailles.
The King has dismissed Necker !
-
It's the signal for a St. Bartholomew's
Massacre of patriots !
-
Tonight Swiss and German batallions
will come out to slaughter us !
-
There's only one solution :
to take up arms !
-
To arms ! To arms !
-
All Paris must take up arms !
-
My friends, we know our enemies.
-
But we need a way
to recognize each other
-
All those who want to fight...
-
... proudly declare it by wearing green
-
Green, the color of hope
-
This will be our symbol !
-
Our uniform !
-
Our victory !
-
Look ! The police are here !
-
I call my brothers to liberty
-
You won't take me alive
-
And I will die gloriously rather than
see France remain in bondage !
-
The King has dismissed Necker.
If he uses his troops it'll cost him
-
My friend you can write
your memoires later. Come on !
-
News from the Palais Royale ;
they've called for insurrection !
-
- Why ?
- The King has dismissed Necker
-
This is a direct attack
on the will of the people...
-
... expressed through
their elected representatives !
-
Will we allow Tyranny
to triumph over Liberty ? No !
-
Will we allow one man the power
to wipe away in a single day...
-
... the hope of finally seeing
a free people in France ? No !
-
I want every man
of the district to be a volunteer
-
We will show the whole world...
-
... that we have no fear of these dogs...
-
... who dare lay siege to our city !
-
Sign with me !
-
Don't worry, we'll wake them up !
My name's Fournoyer
-
They call me "The American".
I was a distiller in Santo Domingo
-
Where will we get the weapons ?
-
The guns are at Les Invalides ;
and the powder at the Bastille !
-
Very good, Lieutenant.
Any problems ?
-
Just one.
If I give the order, will they fire ?
-
- Surely your Swiss will ?
- Probably.
-
But can you count on your own men ?
-
The powder ! The powder !
-
Citizens - we must have the Bastille
-
We want the Bastille !
-
They have to pull back the cannons
-
Make way for the delegation from the
Permanent Committee of the Hôtel de Ville
-
Make them remove the cannons !
-
I've never heard of your committee.
-
As of yesterday, the Members for Paris
have met at the Hôtel de Ville
-
They've formed a permanent committee
to maintain order in the capitol
-
Are you here to force a confrontation,
or find a way of avoiding it ?
-
- We're not here to threaten
- Then we agree on the essential points
-
Gentlemen, I was about to dine
-
Will you join me ?
-
- What's going on ?
- They're still inside
-
- Prisoners ?
- No one knows
-
We want the Bastille !
-
Apparently, sir, you are not hostile
to the people of Paris
-
We need you to show it. Pull back
the cannons - the Committee demands it
-
But why ? The cannons
have always been there
-
It's an insult to the people.
It's intolerable
-
These poor old cannons !
-
You've seen them; where they are
they can't fire on the people
-
It doesn't matter; people are afraid
-
You must withdraw them, Governor
-
- You want me to make a gesture
- Of goodwill
-
My compliments to Lieutenant Deflue ;
please ask him to withdraw the cannons
-
And close the openings
-
Our committee could not ask for more
-
Look ! They're pulling back the cannons !
-
To load them ! They're going to fire !
-
I have to alert the district !
-
Do you know how many
prisoners we have here ?
-
Seven
-
Four forgers, with long records
-
One's a murderer
-
And there's also an Irishman
who thinks he's Julius Caesar
-
Let me through - I know the Governor
-
He's a friend, I can talk to him
-
You see, I've kept my word
-
You must surrender the fortress, sir
-
Nobody said anything about that
-
The Permanent Committee--
-
The Bastille is in our district
-
And the distict demands that you open
the gates of the Bastille to the people
-
With all these innovations, it's very
difficult for an officer of the King...
-
... to know where his duty lies
-
Opening the gates is out of the question
-
They're telling us to enter ! Come on !
-
They don't understand !
They're advancing instead of leaving !
-
- So this is how you negotiate
- I'll go down and talk to them
-
The cannons !
-
Take aim !
-
- You're not going to fire !
- Don't worry
-
I just want to show them
that the Bastille can defend itself
-
Do not fire without my orders !
-
Sir, if you have any authority over your
district, order your people to retreat
-
Tell them I've promised
not to fire first
-
Stop ! Stop !
-
We have no choice
-
- Take aim
- No, it'll be a bloodbath
-
Hold your fire !
-
If you won't fire, we're lost
-
Take aim !
-
Fire !
-
Fire !
-
Cease fire !
-
What are you doing ?
-
We're saved !
-
Long live the nation !
-
Hey there, someone !
-
Lieutenant Deflue -
I have a message from the Governor
-
Bring a board !
-
Cease fire !
There's a message from the Governor !
-
"We have 2,000 barrels of powder
-
Surrender, or we will
blow up the neighborhood"
-
No surrender !
They must lower the drawbridge !
-
We won't allow it, Sir
-
Bring me my journal
-
An agreeable afternoon, Cléry
but not very successful
-
Not even a rabbit
-
"July 14 - Nothing"
-
Sire...
-
What is it ?
-
Sire, the Parisians
have taken the Bastille
-
Taken the Bastille ? What for ?
-
It's a revolt
-
No, Sire ; it's a revolution
-
If the troops want to fire on Liberty,
they'll find barricades in their way !
-
And the Cordeliers Club
will build the tallest one !
-
- It's just that too many died
- What did you expect ?
-
You can't build the kind of world you
want without breaking a few heads
-
Now whatever happens,
things can never be the same
-
That's for sure - never again
-
Here's the wine,
for anyone who's thirsty !
-
Vive Danton !
-
You're lovelier than ever
-
Just say the word and I'll stay
-
Write me when you get to Basle
-
I'll be there in a week
-
Persuade the King
to take refuge in Metz. You must !
-
He prefers to stay in Paris
-
To win over his faithful subjects
who want to murder him !
-
- I'll stay
- Goodbye
-
You really don't want to go ?
-
I can't leave you here alone
-
Oh, my dear, faithful friend !
-
No one is to shout "Vive le roi !"
-
Your Majesty, these keys
were presented to Henri IV...
-
... after he reconquered his people
-
Today it is the people
who have reconquered their king
-
So you are the Mayor of Paris,
Monsieur Bailly ?
-
Yes, Your Majesty
-
Until now, Paris has not had a Mayor
-
The electors decided that it was time
-
Ah, well, if they've decided
-
If Your Majesty
would be so good as to follow me
-
Monsieur de Lafayette,
I believe you also have something to say
-
Your Majesty, the volunteers
who have mobilized to defend Paris...
-
... have adopted
the name "National Guard"
-
And they have named me their General
-
Naturally, I could not accept this
appointment without your approval
-
Then I must congratulate you, General
-
Sire, all Parisians who love liberty...
-
... have adopted the colors
of the capitol : blue and red
-
I have noticed
-
But I've added the white of the monarchy
-
Excellent idea !
-
If Your Majesty would be pleased
to pin this cockade to your hat...
-
... your loyal subjects
would be overjoyed.
-
Perhaps you could pin it on for me
-
Gentlemen, I have some news for you
-
I have ordered the withdrawal
of the troops presently in the capitol
-
And this morning
I wrote to Monsieur Necker...
-
... to ask him to rejoin my ministry
-
Such back-breaking labor,
Monsieur le Comte
-
It couldn't go on any longer
-
August 4, 1789
-
These attacks on the property of the
nobility, across the entire country...
-
... are not acts of common vandalism
-
These attacks should fill us with pride
-
They are the funeral pyres of privilege !
-
Tell the people that you recognize
the injustice of the rights...
-
... acquired during
the dark days of ignorance
-
Our colleague from Bretagne is right.
The people's anger is a just anger
-
I, Viscount de Noailles
propose that all privileges...
-
... and rights of the nobility
be abolished
-
I, Count de Beauharnais propose
that henceforth all occupations...
-
... be open to all: nobles and commoners
-
I, Duke de la
Rochefoucault-Liancourt propose...
-
... that the National Assembly
abolish slavery
-
And recognize
that blacks are human beings
-
I, Bishop of Nancy,
renounce the possessions...
-
... that the Church has unjustly
acquired for too long
-
They're drunk on fine words
and good intentions
-
They'll wake up with a nice hangover
-
And they'll go back on everything
they've given up
-
Citizens, listen !
-
The Assembly has declared
freedom of religion
-
Who gives a damn ?
-
But much more important ;
they've declared freedom of the press !
-
I'll start my paper, Georges !
-
I've already got the name :
Revolutions of France and Brabant
-
Write, Camille.
It's what you do best
-
I'll listen to the people,
and I'll say everything :
-
Their concerns, their hopes, their joys
-
But to understand, not manipulate them
-
Without betraying
the truth or my conscience
-
I'll find you the money
-
The representatives of the French people,
formed into the National Assembly...
-
... considering that ignorance,
forgetfulness...
-
... or contempt for the Rights of Man...
-
... are the sole cause of public suffering
and government corruption...
-
... have resolved to express
in a solemn declaration...
-
... the natural, inalienable
and sacred rights of man
-
I ask you to rise, gentlemen
-
Article 1 : Men are born and remain
free and equal before the Law
-
Social distinctions can be founded
only upon public utility
-
These rights are Liberty, Property,
Security and Resistance to Oppression
-
The nation is essentially
the source of all sovereignty
-
The Law may only forbid
activities harmful to society
-
Whatever is not forbidden by Law
cannot be hindered
-
The Law is the expression
of the general Will
-
All citizens are equal before it...
-
... and equally eligible
for every public position and honor
-
No man can be accused, arrested or
imprisoned unless by force of Law
-
Every man is presumed innocent
until proven guilty
-
No one can be persecuted
for his beliefs, including religious
-
The free expression
of ideas and opinions...
-
... is one of the most
precious rights of mankind
-
All citizens may speak,
write and publish freely...
-
... except as determined by the Law
in order to preserve Liberty
-
The safeguard of the Rights of Man and
the citizenry requires a public force
-
This force is formed
for the benefit of all
-
The right of private property
is sacred and inviolable
-
None can be deprived of it...
-
... except when the common good
legitimately requires it
-
I've done my best, Monsieur Necker,
but I will not sign
-
Neither the Decree on the Abandonment
of Privileges, nor the Rights of Man
-
How will the Church survive
without its tithes ?
-
And the minor nobility without
the revenue of their peasants ?
-
Sire, the nobility
and the clergy themselves--
-
I know
-
But why the Rights of Man ?
-
I am the King !
-
How can one share what is abolute ?
-
Your Majesty must not
underestimate the risk--
-
This is why I summoned
the Regiment of Flanders to Versailles
-
I know that I can count on them
-
Governing is a serious matter
-
To do it you have to find
a genuine balance of power...
-
... between the executive
and the legislative
-
That's why you defended the veto power ?
-
Whether it's a king, a president
or something else, it doesn't matter
-
An unlimited, all-powerful Assembly
will lead to disaster
-
Why ?
-
Because all the power
is concentrated there
-
What's important is sovereignty
-
It must be shared between
the King and the Assembly
-
Impossible
-
In that case, you'll create
an even worse dictatorship
-
Excuse me - I'm expecting my confessor
-
A little patience !
I'm nearly finished my work
-
Kiss me !
-
Gabriel-Honoré I'll give you 5 minutes -
not one more
-
I've tried to make it
less uncompromising
-
If you won't sign now,
there's nothing more I can do
-
It's excellent, as always
-
Let me sign
-
As usual, you get what you want
-
And you, at least, a decent meal
-
You're a corruptor, Monsieur de Mirabeau
-
If it gives you any comfort, look around
-
Nothing in this house is paid for
-
Except for you
-
Even the servants
are worried about their wages
-
How do you do it ?
-
It's the art of keeping
6 balls in the air at once
-
But two of them inevitably are your own
-
Do you advise me
to go to confession ?
-
Not necessarily
-
I find I have a few extra matters
to attend to
-
Gentlemen ! A toast : to the King !
-
To Her Majesty the Queen !
-
Please rise, gentlemen
-
Thank you all
-
I'm so happy
to find myself among friends
-
We'll give our last drop of blood
for Your Majesty
-
Wait your turn; there's enough for all !
-
Are you alright ? Where do you live ?
-
Look at me ! I want to help
-
I haven't eaten for 3 days
-
Down with the Assembly !
-
And no more tricolors !
-
Gentlemen - I'll never forget this !
-
Once again,
the Austrian bitch is responsable...
-
... for this court-orchestrated
counter-revolution
-
Exclamation mark after revolution
-
Marat has everything
on the Versailles banquet
-
People of Paris,
the events at Versailles...
-
... are an insult to Liberty
-
I call for rebellion
-
No... for insurrection
-
That's better
-
To arms ! To arms !
-
- "To arms" twice ?
- And again !
-
It's for the paper ?
-
For the greatest paper of all :
-
The walls of Paris
-
Bread ! Give us bread !
-
If you refuse to march on Versailles...
-
... to demand the King listen
to his people, then we will !
-
We'll bring back the baker
and the baker's wife !
-
And the baker's boy !
-
To Versailles !
-
An order from the Commune :
-
You're to lead
the National Guard to Versailles
-
To bring the King
and his family back to Paris
-
We are the King's Guard,
not his jailors !
-
The women of Paris are marching
to Versailles to demand bread !
-
Let's march with them
as a matter of honor
-
The cause that we've fought for
is lost...
-
... if you won't show that you're ready
to fight for what you've won !
-
Make way for the President
of the National Assembly !
-
No more than four
-
And no pikes
-
That's enough !
-
Ladies, welcome
-
What can I do for you ?
-
Your Majesty, these four women speak on
behalf of the women of Paris
-
All Paris wishes to know Your Majesty's
attitude toward the Rights of Man, and--
-
Perhaps His Majesty would prefer
to hear directly from these women
-
Your Majesty...
-
Bread...
-
Well, Monsieur Mounier,
here we are in fresh difficulties
-
Bread...
-
Bread ?
-
You will have bread ; I promise
-
I beg you not to stay. Come with us
-
I am the King ! I can't flee
-
Is it better to be a prisoner ?
-
At least you could try--
-
The mob is blocking the stables ;
it is impossible to get out
-
You see ? We thought we had some choice
-
We were wrong
-
Where are my glasses ?
-
Please, Monsieur Mounier,
re-read your text aloud
-
I accept purely and simply
the Articles of the Constitution...
-
... and the Rights of Man as submitted
to me by the National Assembly
-
Is that agreeable, Your Majesty ?
-
Does that matter anymore ?
-
As you can see, His Majesty has signed
-
History will remember Your Majesty as
the greatest of France's kings
-
Bread and flour
are on their way to Paris
-
Perhaps it's time for everyone
to go home, Monsieur de Lafayette
-
Sire, these gentlemen
are from the Paris Commune
-
And what is it the people of Paris want ?
-
They wish that the National Guard take
charge of the King's personal security
-
You can arrange that,
Monsieur de Lafayette ?
-
Also the removal of royal troops, whose
presence is an insult to the people
-
Is that all ?
-
The Parisians also demand
that the King return to Paris
-
That requires some thought
-
It's been a long day
-
We will discuss this further
in the morning
-
Good night, Monsieur
de Lafayette, gentlemen
-
I beg Your Majesty to let me
stand guard outside your room
-
No. The rumors
only aggravate their hatred
-
Go to bed, Axel.
I'll try to do the same
-
Versailles, October 6, 1789
-
Hey, soldier ! How about a little fun ?
-
Call the other one
-
This way !
-
Come on
-
Let's wake up the fat pig !
-
Hurry, Your Majesty !
-
Open the door ! It's the Queen !
-
What is to be done, Monsieur Deguisson ?
-
Die, Your Majesty
-
Forgive me, Your Majesty
-
They gave me their word
there would be no further violence
-
And you chose to believe them !
-
Lafayette is on their side !
-
He's making fun of you !
The King has fled
-
Look ! There's no one there !
-
Your Majesty must appear on the balcony
-
If not, we cannot control them
-
No, Louis, please don't go !
They'll kill you !
-
I don't believe they wish to harm you
-
The King to Paris !
-
The King accepts.
Return to Paris and the King will follow
-
He's lying ! If we leave, he'll flee !
-
Marat is right ! We're not leaving !
-
You have the King's promise !
-
And the Austrian woman ? Where is she ?
-
She's already fled !
-
The Queen to the balcony !
-
No, Your Majesty, I beg you !
-
Not the children !
-
Shoot her !
-
Kill the whore !
-
God save the Queen !
-
June 1790
-
Look, Papa !
Are they going to guard the King ?
-
- Yes
- Is the King there right now ?
-
He's always there - that's his house.
The Tuileries Palace
-
I no longer could stand
the idea of hanging
-
So my colleague Dr. Louis and I
came up with this machine
-
The condemned is beheaded
by means of this simple mechanism
-
It's practically painless
-
Just a slight chill
on the back of the neck
-
A minimum of suffering,
which everyone deserves
-
It's clean, quick and efficient
-
I'm very impressed, Monsieur Guillotin
-
Perhaps... if I could make
a small suggestion ?
-
I'm considered rather handy
with mechanical matters
-
I'd be honored to have
Your Majesty's opinion
-
The flaw is here
-
Instead of being crescent-shaped
the blade would cut better...
-
... if it were triangular
-
And designed like a saw
-
Marvellous, Sire !
-
We ink the plate, close the press...
-
... and the text is reproduced on paper
-
Everything is done here
-
And what I write is on the street
an hour after it's printed
-
That's my office
-
I'm very impressed Monsieur Desmoulins
-
But do you have to be so violent ?
-
Look : "The most practical method of
hanging aristocrats is on street lights"
-
I'm stating a principle.
It doesn't have to be applied literally
-
Provisional Member
of the Commune at your service !
-
Georges, you were elected !
-
It's a small beginning. But from this
day, your friends on the Committee...
-
... can count on Danton to take decisions
-
I invite everyone to the celebration
-
I'm afraid we have an appointment. Lucie ?
-
I'll come with you, Monsieur Danton
-
Permit me to say that Your Majesty
is more beautiful than ever
-
I'm sure you and the King enjoyed
your short visit to St-Cloud
-
You know we practically had to beg
Monsieur Bailly and Lafayette...
-
... to let us leave the Tuileries
-
But you're not prisoners
-
- What do you want ?
- For Your Majesty to trust me
-
You ? One of the chief architects
of our problems ?
-
Have you read the secret letters
I've sent to the King ?
-
I've read them
-
And you're still not convinced
that I wish to save the monarchy ?
-
How can I believe you're sincere ?
-
Denounce my presence here tonight
-
So you're betraying both sides !
How splendid
-
What do you recommend we do ?
-
- Accept the Constitution
- In other words, our destruction
-
- Your safeguard !
- You and your paradoxes !
-
Madame, trust your people.
-
Throw yourself in their arms ;
they will open their hearts to you
-
The King will reign,
but through a constitution
-
Believe me, there are many people
who would die to defend the crown
-
When listening to you,
one can end up accepting the impossible
-
I hope the Cordeliers district
will outdo themselves
-
Grab a spade !
-
I hope you won't be too tired tonight
-
Promise. I love it
when you talk like that
-
It's incredible ! So many people
who hated each other yesterday
-
Now here they are celebrating
the first anniversary of the Revolution
-
Everything has changed.
Our ways of thinking are new
-
It's the dawn after the night
-
Fraternity - at last !
-
Your mother and I have been talking
-
Camille, if you still wish to marry
our daughter, you have our blessing
-
She'll have everything - I promise !
-
I believe it ;
her dowry's 100,000 livres !
-
Celebration of Federation - July 14, 1790
-
My dear Robespierre,
there goes the hero of the Revolution
-
But for how long ?
-
I swear to be faithful to the nation...
-
... to the law, and to the King
-
To uphold the Constitution,
proclaimed by the National Assembly...
-
... and accepted by the King
-
To assure in accordance with the law,
the security of property and life
-
I swear to remain united
to all the French people...
-
... by the indissoluble
bonds of fraternity
-
I ask all of you present...
-
... assembled here
from all the provinces of France...
-
... to take the same oath
-
Repeat after me : "I swear"
-
Look at them. They want to remain slaves
-
And they will, if we're not vigilant
-
People of France,
I ask you to listen in silence...
-
... to the oath that the King
of the French will take before you
-
I, King of the French...
-
... swear to use all the powers
granted me by the law...
-
... to uphold the Constitution
proclaimed by the National Assembly...
-
and accepted by me
-
My son and I
take the same oath as the King
-
This is my son !
-
Nancy, August 1790
-
Long live the nation !
-
What exactly was this mutiny
in the Nancy garrison ?
-
This rebellion that Monsieur de Lafayette
was pleased to have put down...
-
... by his cousin, the Marquis
and General de Bouyet
-
What was their crime ?
-
They dared to demand the miserable pay...
-
... that their own officers
had robbed them of for months !
-
These rebels rejected
corruption and theft
-
They had faith in the justice
that the Revolution could not bring them
-
What disappointment ! What bitterness !
-
Remember one year ago, the women of
Paris went to Versailles to see the King
-
What has changed since then ? Nothing !
-
Still the same abuses,
the same tyranny. And why ?
-
Because around the King is
the same clique, the same ministers...
-
... who hide the truth
from him and deceive him !
-
I speak for Paris,
and Paris demands their dismissal
-
So you think you're Paris, sir ?
You alone ?
-
Better than you, Abbot :
you take yourself for God
-
Paris demands the dismissal
of the Minister of the Interior...
-
... the Count de Saint-Prix
-
The Minister of War,
Monsieur de la Tour du Pin
-
Monsieur Champion de Cicé
-
Paper ! I told you I wanted gold
-
These are worth more
than their weight in gold
-
You can exchange them
for confiscated Church property
-
A fortune, whenever you want
-
If you say so, Monmorat
-
Whatever happens, your business
abroad is safe for the moment
-
The Assembly is very happy
with the dismissal of your colleagues
-
And you can assure His Majesty...
-
... that I will continue to do
all in my power to help
-
To France
-
Here is the sacred object,
conquered in the heat of battle
-
It has an inscription : "United for Life"
-
As one of Camille's oldest friends...
-
... I'd like to make the first toast
-
To the bride
-
I'm especially happy about this
marriage, which has permitted me...
-
... to get to know the man
I admire most in public life
-
If the Cordeliers are truly, as they are
called, the greatest patriots in Paris...
-
... they owe it to you, sir
-
To our friend Mirabeau,
who is too ill to be here today
-
To his speedy recovery
-
You know what they're saying about me ?
-
That I'm dying...
-
... just to avoid paying my debts !
-
- Is it true ?
- Of course it is
-
The sad thing is that you only die once
-
For you, we'll make an exception
-
The doctors don't know a thing ;
you'll play this scene many more times
-
Excuse me. I didn't know you were busy
-
I'll come back later
-
It's no accident
-
You two together...
-
You two, united...
-
I need to die knowing
that you two are allies
-
If not, the last hope
of saving the monarchy...
-
... will die with me
-
Without the crown,
all that we've accomplished...
-
... will slide into anarchy
-
And you both know it
-
As long as I live, the crown will be safe
-
And the country
will not slide into anarchy
-
I can promise you that
-
Because this country will be
a military dictatorship led by you
-
That's what you want - everyone knows it
-
Monsieur Danton's aspirations are well-known
-
I will not lower myself to discuss this
-
Monsieur Danton's only ambition...
-
... is to have civilian control
over a constitutional monarchy
-
And especially over ambitious generals
who exceed their bounds
-
By "civilian control" you mean
a government which closes its eyes...
-
... to the corruption and profiteers
you've chosen to run it
-
I didn't ask you to come here
to bore me to death...
-
... with your stupid quarrels !
-
Death is already here
-
It requires calm
-
The only thing I ask...
-
... is that you try to work together
-
That's my last wish
-
I can't do any more
-
Look, Monsieur de Fersen ;
how well this hairstyle suits my daughter
-
Madame, you are as pretty as an angel
-
Come dear, let's go find your brother
-
My dear, what would I do without you ?
-
Monsieur de Bouillé
will meet the King at Montmédy
-
He is sure of his troops
who'll provide your security
-
Why Montmédy ?
-
It's still in France.
It's a strong old fort
-
Once there, the Emperor can help you
-
You must convince the King
-
You know the poor man
changes his mind three times a day !
-
To leave - and you'll follow me
-
To refuse would have ignited France
-
His Holiness cannot
tolerate that bishops...
-
... should be elected
like delegates to the Assembly
-
But what makes
His Holiness deeply unhappy...
-
... is that this law obliges priests
to take an oath to the constitution
-
That can only lead
to a sort of schism...
-
... like when Henry VIII of England
broke with Rome
-
I am not Henry VIII !
-
I am the most obedient
of the Holy Father's sons
-
His Holiness demands that Your Majesty...
-
... renounce the civil constitution
for the clergy
-
It's too late !
-
Does the Holy Father wish to destroy me ?
-
His Holiness will never authorize
the priests of France to take this oath
-
It's the only way
I could keep the French Church united...
-
... in obedience to Rome
-
Assure the Holy Father
of my personal loyalty
-
I swear I will receive Holy Communion...
-
... only from the hands
of priests faithful to Rome
-
I will tell him
-
Now sir, will you give me your blessing ?
-
The King manipulates
them all - even Danton
-
- Even me
- What do you mean ?
-
Write this down
-
Louis XVI has betrayed the Revolution
through his loyalty to Rome
-
I baptise you
in the name of the people !
-
June 21, 1791
-
General, the King is gone
-
- Gone where ?
- He's fled with the Royal Family
-
"To Let"
-
You let fat Louis slip away !
-
And his Austrian whore !
-
You staked your head on the King
-
The people want the King or your head
-
How could it happen ?
-
If they cross the border...
-
They'll return at the head of an army
of expatriots and it will be civil war
-
Do you think we can arrest them
in the name of public security ?
-
We have no choice.
But who will take the responsibility ?
-
The Assembly meets at 2:00,
and we must act at once
-
Take this down :
-
"The enemies of the Revolution
have abducted the King"
-
No one has abducted the King
-
What do you want, Bailly ?
-
A republic ? The loss of the King ?
-
"The enemies of the Revolution
have abducted the King
-
"The bearer of this message is instructed
to advise all loyal citizens...
-
"... in the name of
the nation in danger...
-
"... to rescue him and bring him back
safely to the National Assembly
-
"I take full responsibility
for these orders"
-
Let me sign it
-
Look - he gave me a gold louis
-
Who was it ?
-
I don't know. He's travelling
with his children and servants
-
What did he want ?
-
The road to Varennes
-
He gave you a louis for directions ?
He's crazy !
-
Maxime, the Assembly
has confirmed Lafayette's order ?
-
What else could they do ?
-
I can't oppose the majority
-
You have to tell the truth !
-
Who's going to believe
this so-called abduction ?
-
It's an interesting use of the word
-
Two years of work, destroyed by this...
-
... conspiracy
-
- And I can't tell you everything
- Tell me ! I'll write it down
-
Be careful, Camille.
Be especially careful what you write
-
- Today we're all in danger
- Why today ?
-
More than ever
-
The King didn't take this risk without
powerful support in Paris and elsewhere
-
Traitors !
-
Where is Drouet ?
-
Is that any way to treat a horse ?
-
There's no time to lose : from Lafayette
-
He was too tired to go on
-
Have you see them ?
-
What's happening ?
-
- Where are you going ?
- To Frankfurt
-
This isn't the way
-
I'm public prosecutor of the Varennes
Commune. Your passports
-
Follow me. Don't let anyone leave
-
Citizen Drouet, I'm sorry,
but this passport is in order
-
It's even signed by the King
-
If you let them go, you'll be guilty
of a crime - and treason
-
- What should we do ?
- We have to tell Monsieur Bouillé
-
I'm just a humble grocer,
but it's clean
-
Good evening, Sire
-
Louis Capet ;
Louis XVI no longer exists !
-
Louis Capet must be
stripped of his useless title
-
He must be the last king of France
-
No more half-measures !
-
No more compromise before
the Assembly's indecision and hypocrisy !
-
The Cordeliers demand
the end of monarchy
-
And that France
be henceforth a republic !
-
I propose a petition be set up...
-
... outside the Hôtel de la Nation
on the Champ de Mars...
-
... for the French people to sign
-
I'm informed that irresponsible
member of the Cordeliers...
-
... intend to march to the
Champ de Mars to demand a republic
-
I ask that the Assembly
declare martial law...
-
... to disperse all illegal assemblies
-
Are you going to the Champs de Mars ?
-
No, I have business
to take care of in the country
-
I think you're very clever
-
The last storm has damaged my roof
-
We all have our storms to weather
-
What does that mean ?
-
I've always argued
for replacing the King
-
By all constitutional means, I know
-
But now that your supporters demand a
republic, you leave for the countryside
-
- You have a problem with that ?
- No. It's very reasonable
-
I've recently wished that Camille
wouldn't call so violently...
-
... for the overthrow of the King
-
I'm surprised ; you've argued so strongly
for trying the King before the Tribunal
-
The Assembly did not agree.
I accept the will of the majority
-
But good God, where do you stand ?
-
The republic - what does it mean to you ?
-
One could just as easily speak
of a republican monarchy...
-
... as of a monarchical republic
-
I remember my courses
in constitutional law
-
France is both a monarchy and a republic
-
That's the constitution
we've created the last two years
-
We live in an imperfect world
-
To advance the Revolution we need a King
-
But we mustn't ask for too much
-
Because seeking perfection
is asking too much ?
-
You don't think so ?
-
I believe that it's the purpose of life
-
You have the authority ;
martial law has been declared
-
This demonstration is illegal
-
Your duty is plain, General :
put an end to it
-
July 17, 1791
-
The National Guard !
-
In the name of the National Assembly,
I order you to disperse
-
Let him go
-
Disperse peacefully
-
You know me ; you can trust me
-
Join us, Lafayette !
-
Then we'll trust you !
-
Don't make me use force
-
Traitor ! You wouldn't dare !
-
Ready !
-
Aim !
-
Over their heads--
-
Fire !
-
It's to scare us ! They're firing blanks !
-
Aim !
-
Soldiers ! You're citizens like us !
-
You can't fire on unarmed people !
Your brothers !
-
Fire !
-
Stop ! Cease fire !
-
Maxime ! They want to kill us all !
-
Monsieur Robespierre, if you'll take
refuge in my house I'd be very honored
-
Monsieur...
-
Duplay... Maurice Duplay
-
I respect you greatly and am a member
of the Jacobin Club, like you
-
Thank you
-
- I have a dog in my apartment
- I'll go, later
-
The sewers
-
London
Winter 1791
-
Jean-Paul, you have a visitor
-
They said you were sick
-
A little gift from the sewers
-
I should have left faster, like you
-
- May I ?
- Please
-
Any news from Paris ?
-
Desmoulins has gone
to live in the country
-
His paper banned, his press smashed up
-
He has no reason to go back
-
Rosbespierre is no longer a Deputy
-
There was only one mistake
he couldn't make and he made it
-
His decree forbidding him
to run again for the Legislature
-
I know
-
A general amnesty has been declared.
Do you plan to go back ?
-
I'll go back when it's useful.
For now the King is working for us
-
He's using his veto to protect
the emigrés and dissident priests
-
He's turning the country against him
-
Maybe the country
but not the rest of Europe
-
There's a real threat of invasion
-
The Revolution is a danger
for crowned heads everywhere
-
I hope that's the case
-
We're in no condition to wage war
-
And however it ends,
it will only help the King
-
What do you propose ?
-
Go back to Paris
-
We can be more useful over there
-
In Paris
-
To argue compromise ?
-
No : to get guarantees
-
I have no need of guarantees, Danton
-
But I have less to lose than you
-
That's your opinion
-
We have nothing to fear from war
-
Through it we will purge France
of the despotism that suffocates her
-
Do you hope with one blow to destroy
the aristocracy ? Rebellious priests ?
-
All who oppose the Revolution ?
-
We must destroy the army of emigrés
gathered at Koblentz while we talk
-
Only when we've crushed
all hope of outside help...
-
... will the King be forced to govern
according to the Constitution
-
War is not a solution
-
Listen to me, Brissot,
and all you Girondins
-
To use this tribunal
to declare war is intolerable
-
All offensive war
is by its nature counter-revolutionary
-
Have you so little confidence
in the revolutionary cause ?
-
It is not enough for one people
to invade another people's land...
-
... to make them adopt
their law and constitution
-
The people of Europe wait for us !
-
Nobody loves armed missionaries !
-
Gentlemen, the King !
-
Gentlemen, you know the results of my
negotiations with the Viennese court
-
The conclusions have been
unanimously approved by my council
-
They are in line with your wishes...
-
... and the opinions of many citizens
throughout the kingdom
-
All refuse to see the dignity of the
people of France insulted any longer
-
As was my duty,
I've done my best to keep the peace
-
But I come here today,
in accordance with the Constitution...
-
... to propose a declaration of war
-
There will be no mercy for the leaders
of the Revolution if we lose the war
-
Even for those
who tried to save the monarchy
-
Don't go back to Paris
-
Gabrielle, I have to
-
Come back soon
-
I promise.
But if things go wrong don't wait
-
Go straight to England.
You know where our money is there.
-
Be careful
-
Belgian frontier
-
April 28, 1792
-
That's a first lesson
-
There will be plenty of others
-
General Dillon was killed
by his own men after the defeat
-
A general !
-
What have your ministers decided ?
-
Tell me !
-
I can't
-
I can't. Please
-
Our enemies are in France ;
our friends outside
-
I'm writing to my nephew,
the Emperor Franz
-
What has your Council decided ?
-
You must tell me !
-
A thousand ! Two thousand !
-
Ten thousand heads
must fall here in France !
-
It's a trifle compared to
the thousands of good citizens...
-
... sacrificed on the field of battle
by the traitors among us !
-
The greatest of these traitors
is Louis Capet, with his Austrian spy...
-
With his valet, Lafayette, who still
dares to give orders to the Assembly
-
Do we want a military dictatorship
because of the fancies of a king...
-
... who still uses his veto
against the security of the nation ?
-
June 20, 1792
-
Checkmate
-
Bring the cannon through !
-
What can I do for you ?
-
We want to speak to the King
-
- I'll see if he can receive you
- You go ask him - on your knees !
-
A nice sty for a pig !
-
What can I do for you ?
-
The nation pays you
24 million a year to listen to us
-
But I am listening to you
-
You've fooled us before ;
you won't do it again
-
But watch out, because
the people mean business
-
We demand you withdraw your veto
-
I did what the constitution
required me to do
-
Withdraw your veto
or I'll slice you in half !
-
I'm not afraid to die
-
I received the Sacraments this morning
-
Dying is the best service
you could do your country
-
Our nation has
no better friend than I, sir
-
Prove it !
-
If you're with the nation,
put on the patriot's cap
-
Gladly
-
Let the Mayor of Paris through !
-
Sire, I'm sorry. I found out too late
-
You know who you
remind me of, Monsieur Pétion ?
-
Monsieur de Lafayette
-
If the slightest violence is done
to the King and the Royal Family
-
If their freedom and security
are not guaranteed...
-
... their Imperial Majesties will exact a
revenge which will never be forgotten
-
Paris will be given
to total military execution...
-
... and the guilty rebels
the torture they deserve
-
Count Fersen, let's hope
our warning has the intended effect
-
This document is signed
by the Duke of Brunswick himself
-
The Commanding General
of the Prussian army
-
Brunswick, who marches on Paris !
-
Brunswick, who dares to threaten us !
-
Brunswick will have
no response to his arrogance
-
France will deal him
the most humiliating defeat
-
I propose that the Assembly
declare the homeland in danger
-
To arms, citizens ! To arms, free men !
-
Defend our freedom !
-
- What are you whistling there ?
- I can sing it, too
-
Where did you learn that ?
-
At Strasburg. A carpenter was singing it
-
I admit I was against this war
-
I believed it could not serve
the cause of Liberty
-
But now it must
-
I believed this country wasn't ready for
victory, and until today I was right
-
We no longer have a choice
-
We must have victory and we will
-
But we will not crush our enemies...
-
... before we destroy those within
-
So now you agree with Marat ?
-
Not totally. Marat wants to replace the
King with a revolutionary dictatorship
-
That's not a solution
-
Tyranny is the same, whether
exercised by a man wearing a crown...
-
... or 700 others wearing the tricolor
-
Then, what do you suggest ?
-
I have faith in the Constitution.
-
It's not perfect, but
it contains the makings of perfection
-
I wish for the election
of a new National Convention...
-
... based on the principles
the Assembly has lost sight of
-
Basically, you want to get rid
of those friendly to the King :
-
Those we permitted to put him
back on the throne after Varennes
-
Don't underestimate them
-
Lafayette would be only too happy to
finish what began on the Champs de Mars
-
And I'd be only too happy...
-
... to have the chance
to finish Lafayette
-
Is Marseilles beautiful ?
-
As beautiful as Paris with sea thrown in
-
And sunny !
-
Men of Marseilles, have you drunk well ?
-
Have you eaten well ?
-
Are you ready to serve Paris ?
-
Because Paris is counting on you !
-
August 10, 1792
-
- Take this
- I don't know how to use it
-
Then I'll shoot for both of us
-
- Be careful
- Don't worry
-
I'm so scared
-
Everything will be settled by dawn
-
It's time to set up our own Commune
-
The unrest is spreading across Paris
-
I propose that the guard
at the Tuileries be doubled
-
Other measures
should follow, in particular--
-
Citizens, the Commune is dissolved
-
I protest this intrusion
-
I register your protest
-
- As President of the Council...
- Let me advise the Council
-
Get out, quickly
-
Don't make any problems
-
You have five minutes
-
I believe my duty is to avoid bloodshed
-
Tomorrow we will resume the discussions
entrusted us by the Paris electorate
-
Don't count on it
-
Take the Presidency, Danton
-
No, we'll proceed with proper elections
-
Where is Hébert ?
-
You will preside for the interim
-
Check the mandates
of the delegates who are here
-
I believe you'll need
a secretary : Taillant, sit here
-
The Insurrectionary Commune
is now in session
-
Citizens, be vigilant
-
We can't allow the guard
at the Tuileries to be reinforced
-
I'll deal with the Tuileries myself
-
The Republic is worth losing
a few hours of sleep for. Come on !
-
- Where were you ?
- I went to reassure the women
-
We'll go back to the Hôtel de Ville ;
from there we can hold all of Paris
-
Your Majesty, Pierre Roederer,
Attorney General of the department
-
I came to verify Your Majesty's safety
-
So many people
are concerned about my safety !
-
Last night Monsieur Mandat,
Commander of the National Guard...
-
... assured me that
my guard would be reinforced
-
Sire, Monsieur Mandat is dead
-
Murdered by order of Danton's
Insurrectional Commune
-
What should I do, sir ?
-
My Swiss guard is not strong enough
to defend the palace
-
If I were in Your Majesty's place--
-
Yes, if you were in my place ?
-
I would review the palace's National Guard.
I believe they are loyal
-
It's our last chance
-
I will stake my throne
on this last chance
-
The King !
-
Down with the King !
-
Don't expect us to fire on our brothers !
-
Come, Sire, quickly !
-
Sire, all my men are in position
-
Sire, these gentlemen are members
of the Directory of the Department
-
The Constitution is supposed to
safeguard the security of every Frenchman
-
I see that it does not apply to me
-
What should we do now,
Monsieur Roederer ?
-
The National Assembly
is in permanent session
-
We think that you and your family
should seek refuge there...
-
... while there's still a way through
-
No, sir ! Here we are defended ;
why should we leave ?
-
Madame, all Paris
is marching on the Tuileries
-
The troops from Marseilles,
Bretagne, everyone
-
Look for yourself, Madame
-
All of Paris, Madame.
How can we fight back ?
-
Then let's go. Come Madame
-
Open the gates
-
The King and his family
are going to the National Assembly
-
In the name of the Assembly,
I ask you to respect their persons
-
Gentlemen, I come here
to avert a great crime
-
I believe I can only be safe among you
-
Sire, you can count on
the courage of the National Assembly
-
Gentlemen, the session continues
-
Who will look after my Swiss guards ?
-
And my house,
and those we've left behind ?
-
Fate, Sire
-
Sire, there was nothing more we could do
-
Charles
-
As of this moment,
there is no longer a king in France
