EAHA DM 3.5a: Settlement of Displaced Populations - Captions

This is a remix of 3.5a: Settlement of Displaced Populations narrated by Roy William Mayega (Makerere University). The original video (without captions) can be found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kLlynQ4LwPI. This video is part of a learning module from the East Africa HEALTH Alliance called Public Health Emergency Planning and Management for Districts. The full module and the video transcript can be accessed at http://openmi.ch/disaster-mgmt. Copyright 2009-2019 Roy Mayega (Makerere University). The video, transcript, and module are all shared under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 3.0 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/.

(English captions by Trisha Paul, University of Michigan.)

Settlement of displaced populations.

A refugee is a person who, for fear of persecution,
is outside his/her country of national origin and

is unwilling or unable to return home.

An internally displaced person, on the other
hand, is persons who, for different

reasons, have been compelled to leave their
home and have been living outside their country

but not legally regarded as refugees, but
mostly it is within their own country.

Settlements should be a last choice because
they have disadvantages.

They are usually long term, associated with
health problems, security issues, logistics

issues, and often political problems, and
they impact on the local community.

Other options could be shelter in place or
on site, shelter with friends, hotels or other

available buildings like schools, mobile feeding
and outreach.

Site selection issues are important in the
settlement of displaced persons.

A number of factors affect this.

Ownership and rental, insurance, access, environmental
issues, cross-cultural issues, and security.

Criteria for selection of settlement areas
include water availability, topography, surface

area, security and protection, accessibility,
environmental factors, soil conditions, social/cultural

factors.

Camp management is very important.

It is like running a small city.

It involves administration, site planning,
reception and screening systems of incoming

people, distribution and logistics systems,
administration systems, and staffing.

Administrative components of settlement include
administration itself, health, food and nutrition,

water, sanitation, social services and security
issues.

These have to be incorporated in the planning
for possibilities of disasters that involve

mass displacement of people.

Administration involves coordination and internal
functions, external coordination, media, staffing

and personnel, and security.

Health programs include immediate trauma care,
vaccination campaigns, maternity services,

reproductive health services, disease surveillance
and control, health information and management,

and child care.

Water programs include water treatment, water
distribution, water systems including repair,

installation, and promotion.

Sanitation programs include latrine installation
and promotion, solid waste clean up, drainage

and standing water, and vector control.

Shelter operations include temporary shelters,
rehabilitation of damaged shelters, home water

supply, kitchen supplies, clothing and blankets,
and soap.

Food and nutrition operations include general
food availability and food security, attention,

particular attention to vulnerable groups,
especially those vulnerable to severe malnutrition,

supplemental and therapeutic feeding with special
address to vulnerable groups, surveillance,

and food security.

Logistics operations include warehousing,
supply chain management, and transportation.

Social services include education, trauma
counseling, child care and support services

especially for orphans and other vulnerable
children, religious support, and sports and recreation.

Security issues include, issues of whether
the camp is open or closed, perimeter security,

internal security, lighting, staff/resident
identification, camp regulations, access denied

areas.

These are common site and shelter problems.

Ten problems often affect the emergency management
of sites, camps, and shelters.

One, no resources for site and shelter management.

Two, conflicts about location, priorities,
and design.

Three, exposure to elements while waiting for
materials, including rain, sunshine, wind, dust.

Four, difficult site conditions.

Five, short term solutions to long term problems.

Six, constant site work.

Seven, different shelter types and strategies
in the same location.

Eight, overcrowding that may promote spread
of disease.

Nine, rape and sexual and gender based violence.

Ten, failure to build or occupy emergency
shelters.