Organic design, inspired by nature

Designer Ross Lovegrove expounds his philosophy of “fat-free” design and offers insight into several of his extraordinary products, including the Ty Nant water bottle and the Go chair.

My name is Lovegrove.

I only know nine Lovegroves,
two of which are my parents.

They are first cousins, and you know
what happens when, you know --

(Laughter)

So there's a terribly weird
freaky side to me,

which I'm fighting with all the time.

So to try and get through today,

I've kind of disciplined myself
with an 18-minute talk.

I was hanging on to have a pee.

I thought perhaps
if I was hanging on long enough,

that would guide me
through the 18 minutes.

(Laughter)

OK. I am known as Captain Organic

and that's a philosophical position
as well as an aesthetic position.

But today what I'd like to talk
to you about is that love of form

and how form can touch
people's soul and emotion.

Not very long ago,
not many thousands of years ago,

we actually lived in caves,

and I don't think
we've lost that coding system.

We respond so well to form.

But I'm interested
in creating intelligent form.

I'm not interested at all in blobism

or any of that superficial rubbish
that you see coming out as design.

This artificially induced
consumerism -- I think it's atrocious.

My world is the world
of people like Amory Lovins,

Janine Benyus, James Watson.

I'm in that world,
but I work purely instinctively.

I'm not a scientist.
I could have been, perhaps,

but I work in this world
where I trust my instincts.

So I am a 21st-century
translator of technology

into products that we use everyday
and relate beautifully and naturally with.

And we should be developing things --
we should be developing packaging

for ideas which elevate
people's perceptions

and respect for the things
that we dig out of the earth

and translate into products
for everyday use.

So, the water bottle.

I'll begin with this concept
of what I call DNA.

DNA: Design, Nature, Art.

These are the three things
that condition my world.

Here is a drawing by Leonardo da Vinci,
500 years ago, before photography.

It shows how observation,
curiosity and instinct

work to create amazing art.

Industrial design is the art form
of the 21st century.

People like Leonardo --
there have not been many --

had this amazingly instinctive curiosity.

I work from a similar position.

I don't want to sound
pretentious saying that,

but this is my drawing made
on a digital pad a couple of years ago --

well into the 21st century,
500 years later.

It's my impression of water.

Impressionism being the most valuable
art form on the planet as we know it:

100 million dollars, easily, for a Monet.

I use, now, a whole new process.

A few years ago I reinvented my process

to keep up with people like Greg Lynn,
Thom Mayne, Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas --

all these people that I think
are persevering and pioneering

with fantastic new ideas
of how to create form.

This is all created digitally.

Here you see the machining,
the milling of a block of acrylic.

This is what I show to the client to say,
"That's what I want to do."

At that point, I don't know
if that's possible at all.

It's a seductor, but I just feel
in my bones that that's possible.

So we go, we look at the tooling.

We look at how that is produced.

These are the invisible things
that you never see in your life.

This is the background noise
of industrial design.

That is like an Anish Kapoor
flowing through a Richard Serra.

It is more valuable
than the product in my eyes.

I don't have one.

When I do make some money,
I'll have one machined for myself.

This is the final product.

When they sent it to me,
I thought I'd failed.

It felt like nothing.
It has to feel like nothing.

It was when I put the water in

that I realized that I'd put
a skin on water itself.

It's an icon of water itself,

and it elevates people's perception
of contemporary design.

Each bottle is different,

meaning the water level
will give you a different shape.

It's mass individualism
from a single product.

It fits the hand.

It fits arthritic hands.
It fits children's hands.

It makes the product strong,
the tessellation.

It's a millefiori of ideas.

In the future, they will look like that,

because we need to move away
from those type of polymers

and use that for medical equipment

and more important things,
perhaps, in life.

Biopolymers, these new
ideas for materials,

will come into play in probably a decade.

It doesn't look as cool, does it?

But I can live up to that.
I don't have a problem with that.

I design for that condition,
biopolymers. It's the future.

I took this video in Cape Town last year.

This is the freaky side coming out.

I have this special interest
in things like this, which blow my mind.

I don't know whether to,
you know, drop to my knees, cry;

I don't know what I think.

But I just know that nature --

nature improves with ever-greater purpose

that which once existed,

and that strangeness
is a consequence of innovative thinking.

When I look at these things,
they look pretty normal to me.

But these things evolved over many years,
and what we're trying to do --

I get three weeks to design a telephone.
How the hell do I do that,

when you get these things that take
hundreds of millions of years to evolve?

How do you condense that?

It comes back to instinct.

I'm not talking about designing
telephones that look like that

and I'm not looking
at designing architecture like that.

I'm just interested
in natural growth patterns

and the beautiful forms
that only nature really creates.

How that flows through me
and how that comes out

is what I'm trying to understand.

This is a scan through the human forearm.

It's then blown up
through rapid prototyping

to reveal its cellular structure.

I have these in my office.

My office is a mixture
of the Natural History Museum

and a NASA space lab.

It's a weird, kind of freaky place.

This is one of my specimens.

This is made --

bone is made from a mixture
of inorganic minerals and polymers.

I studied cooking in school
for four years, and in that experience,

which was called "domestic science,"

it was a bit of a cheap trick for me
to try and get a science qualification.

(Laughter)

Actually, I put marijuana
in everything I cooked --

(Laughter)

And I had access to all
the best girls. It was fabulous.

All the guys in the rugby team
couldn't understand.

Anyway -- this is a meringue.

This is another sample I have.

A meringue is made exactly the same way,
in my estimation, as a bone.

It's made from
polysaccharides and proteins.

If you pour water on that, it dissolves.

Could we be manufacturing
from foodstuffs in the future?

Not a bad idea. I don't know.

I need to talk to Janine
and a few other people about that,

but I believe instinctively that
that meringue can become something,

a car -- I don't know.

I'm also interested in growth patterns:

the unbridled way that nature grows things

so you're not restricted by form at all.

These interrelated forms,
they do inspire everything I do,

although I might end up
making something incredibly simple.

This is a detail of a chair
that I've designed in magnesium.

It shows this interlocution of elements
and the beauty of, kind of, engineering

and biological thinking,

shown pretty much as a bone structure.

Any one of those elements
you could sort of hang on the wall

as some kind of art object.

It's the world's first chair
made in magnesium.

It cost 1.7 million dollars to develop.

It's called "Go," by Bernhardt, USA.

It went into Time magazine in 2001
as the new language of the 21st century.

Boy. For somebody growing up in Wales
in a little village, that's enough.

It shows how you make one holistic form,
like the car industry,

and then you break up what you need.

This is an absolutely
beautiful way of working.

It's a godly way of working.

It's organic and it's essential.

It's an absolutely fat-free design,

and when you look at it,
you see human beings.

When that moves into polymers,

you can change the elasticity,
the fluidity of the form.

This is an idea for a gas-injected,
one-piece polymer chair.

What nature does
is it drills holes in things.

It liberates form.

It takes away anything extraneous.

That's what I do.

I make organic things which are essential.

And they look funky, too --
but I don't set out to make funky things

because I think
that's an absolute disgrace.

I set out to look at natural forms.

If you took the idea of fractal technology
further, take a membrane,

shrinking it down constantly
like nature does --

that could be a seat for a chair.

It could be a sole for a sports shoe.

It could be a car blending into seats.

Wow. Let's go for it.
That's the kind of stuff.

This is what exists in nature.

Observation now allows us
to bring that natural process

into the design process every day.

That's what I do.

This is a show
that's currently on in Tokyo.

It's called "Superliquidity."
It's my sculptural investigation.

It's like 21st-century Henry Moore.

When you see a Henry Moore, still,
your hair stands up.

There's some amazing spiritual connect.

If he was a car designer,
phew, we'd all be driving one.

In his day, he was
the highest taxpayer in Britain.

That is the power of organic design.

It contributes immensely to our --

sense of being,

our sense of relationships with things,

our sensuality and,
you know, the sort of --

even the sort of socio-erotic side,
which is very important.

This is my artwork.
This is all my process.

These actually are sold as artwork.
They're very big prints.

But this is how I get to that object.

Ironically, that object was made
by the Killarney process,

which is a brand-new process here
for the 21st century,

and I can hear Greg Lynn
laughing his socks off as I say that.

I'll tell you about that later.

When I look into these data images,

I see new things.

It's self-inspired.

Diatomic structures, radiolaria,

the things that we couldn't see
but we can do now --

these, again, are cored out.

They're made virtually from nothing.
They're made from silica.

Why not structures from cars like that?

Coral, all these natural forces,

take away what they don't need
and they deliver maximum beauty.

We need to be in that realm.

I want to do stuff like that.

This is a new chair which should
come on the market in September.

It's for a company called Moroso in Italy.
It's a gas-injected polymer chair.

Those holes you see there
are very filtered-down,

watered-down versions of the extremity
of the diatomic structures.

It goes with the flow
of the polymer and you'll see --

there's an image coming up
right now that shows the full thing.

It's great to have companies in Italy
who support this way of dreaming.

If you see the shadows
that come through that,

they're actually probably
more important than the product,

but it's the minimum it takes.

The coring out of the back
lets you breathe.

It takes away any material you don't need

and it actually garners flexure too.

I was going to break into a dance then.

This is some current work I'm doing.

I'm looking at single-surface structures

and how they stretch and flow.

It's based on furniture typologies,
but that's not the end motivation.

It's made from aluminum ...

as opposed to aluminium, and it's grown.

It's grown in my mind,

and then it's grown in terms
of the whole process that I go through.

This is two weeks ago in CCP in Coventry,
who build parts for Bentleys and so on.

It's being built as we speak

and it will be on show in Phillips
next year in New York.

I have a big show
with Phillips Auctioneers.

When I see these animations,
oh Jesus, I'm blown away.

This is what goes on
in my studio everyday.

I walk -- I'm traveling. I come back.

Some guy's got that on a computer --
there's this like, oh my goodness.

So I try to create this energy
of invention every day in my studio.

This kind of effervescent --

fully charged sense of soup
that delivers ideas.

Single-surface products.

Furniture's a good one.

How you grow legs out of a surface.

I would love to build this one day

and perhaps I'd like
to build it also out of flour, sugar,

polymer, wood chips --
I don't know, human hair.

I don't know. I'd love a go at that.
I don't know. If I just got some time.

That's the weird side coming out again.
A lot of companies don't understand that.

Three weeks ago I was with Sony in Tokyo.

They said, "Give us the dream.
What is our dream? How do we beat Apple?"

I said, "You don't copy Apple,
that's for sure.

You get into biopolymers."

They looked straight through me.

What a waste. Anyway.

(Laughter)

No, it's true. Fuck them.
You know, I mean --

(Laughter)

I'm delivering; they're not taking.

I've had this image 20 years.

I've had this image of a water droplet
for 20 years, sitting on a hot bed.

That is an image of a car for me.

That's the car of the future.
It's a water droplet.

I've been banging on about this
like I can't believe.

Cars are all wrong.

I'm going to show you
something a bit weird now.

They laughed everywhere
over the world I showed this.

The only place
that didn't laugh was Moscow.

Cars are made from 30,000 components.

How ridiculous is that?
Couldn't you make that from 300?

It's got a vacuum-formed,
carbon-nylon pan.

Everything's holistically integrated.
It opens and closes like a bread bin.

There is no engine.
There's a solar panel on the back

and there are batteries in the wheels;
they're fitted like Formula 1.

You take them off your wall,
you plug them in. Off you go.

A three-wheeled car: slow, feminine,

transparent, so you can see
the people in there.

You drive different.

You see that thing. You do. You do.

And not anesthetized, separated from life.

There's a hole at the front
and there's a reason for that.

It's a city car.
You drive along. You get out.

You drive on to a proboscis. You get out.

It lifts you up.

It presents the solar panel to the sun,
and at night, it's a street lamp.

(Applause)

That's what happens if you get inspired
by the street lamp first,

and do the car second.

I can see these bubbles
with these hydrogen packages,

floating around
on the ground, driven by AI.

When I showed this in South Africa,

everybody afterwards was going,
"Hey, car on a stick. Like this."

Can you imagine? A car on a stick.

(Laughter)

If you put it next to
contemporary architecture,

it feels totally natural to me.

And that's what I do with my furniture.

I'm not putting Charles Eames'
furniture in buildings anymore.

I'm trying to build furniture
which fits architecture.

I'm trying to build
transportation systems.

I work on aircraft for Airbus,

I do all this sort of stuff

trying to force these natural,
inspired-by-nature dreams home.

I'm going to finish on two things.

This is the stereolithography
of a staircase.

It's a little bit of a dedication
to James, James Watson.

I built this thing for my studio.

It cost me 250,000 dollars to build this.

Most people go and buy the Aston Martin.

I built this.

This is the data that goes with that.
Incredibly complex.

Took about two years,
because I'm looking for fat-free design.

Lean, efficient things. Healthy products.

This is built by composites.

It's a single element which rotates around
to create a holistic element,

and this is a carbon-fiber handrail
which is only supported in two places.

Modern materials
allow us to do modern things.

This is a shot in the studio.

This is how it looks
pretty much every day.

You wouldn't want to have
a fear of heights coming down it.

There is virtually no handrail.
It doesn't pass any standards.

(Laughter)

Who cares?

(Laughter)

And it has an internal handrail
which gives it its strength.

It's this holistic integration.
That's my studio. It's subterranean.

It's in Notting Hill,
next to all the crap --

the prostitutes and all that stuff.

It's next to David Hockney's
original studio.

It has a lighting system
that changes throughout the day.

My guys go out for lunch.
The door's open. They come back in,

because it's normally raining
and they prefer to stay in.

This is my studio.

Elephant skull
from Oxford University, 1988.

I bought that last year.
They're very difficult to find.

If anybody's got a whale skeleton
they want to sell me,

I'll put it in the studio.

So I'm just going
to interject a little bit

with some of the things
that you'll see in the video.

It's a homemade video, made it myself
at three o'clock in the morning

just to show you how my real world is.

You never see that.

You never see architects or designers
showing you their real world.

This is called a "Plasnet."

It's a new bio-polycarbonate chair
I'm doing in Italy.

World's first bamboo bike
with folding handlebars.

We should all be riding one of these.

As China buys all these crappy cars,
we should be riding things like this.

Counterbalance.

Like I say, it's a cross

between Natural History Museum
and a NASA laboratory.

It's full of prototypes and objects.

It's self-inspirational, again.

I mean, the rare times when I'm there,

I do enjoy it.

And I get lots and lots of kids coming.

I'm a contaminator for all those children
of investment bankers -- wankers.

Sorry.

(Laughter)

That's a solar seed.
It's a concept for new architecture.

That thing on the top is the world's
first solar-powered garden lamp --

the first produced.

Giles Revell should be
talking here today --

amazing photography
of things you can't see.

The first sculptural model
I made for that thing in Tokyo.

Lots of stuff.
There's a little leaf chair --

that golden looking thing
is called "Leaf."

It's made from Kevlar.

On the wall is my book
called "Supernatural,"

which allows me to remember
what I've done, because I forget.

There's an aerated brick
I did in Limoges last year,

in Concepts for New Ceramics
in Architecture.

Gernot Oberfell, working
at three o'clock in the morning --

and I don't pay overtime.

Overtime is the passion of design,

so join the club or don't.

(Laughter)

No, it's true. People like Tom and Greg --

we're traveling like you can't --
we fit it all in.

I don't know how we do it.

Next week I'm at Electrolux in Sweden,
then I'm in Beijing on Friday.

You work that one out.

And when I see Ed's photographs,
I think, why the hell am I going to China?

It's true. It's true.

Because there's a soul
in this whole thing.

We need to have a new instinct
for the 21st century.

We need to combine all this stuff.

If all the people who were
talking over this period

worked on a car together,

it would be a joy, absolute joy.

So there's a new X-light system
I'm doing in Japan.

There's Tuareg shoes from North Africa.
There's a Kifwebe mask.

These are my sculptures.

A copper jelly mold.

(Laughter)

It sounds like some quiz show
or something, doesn't it?

So, it's going to end.

Thank you, James,
for your great inspiration.

Thank you very much.

(Applause)