Code Makers & Code Breakers, Cryptology (1/3)

susan alternatives out there

than i think it's happening

computers and digital encryption

the attempts to make a great the secret
methods of scrambled

course of history

on modern marvels

the philippines january sixth nineteen
ninety five

when police responded to an apartment
fire

they found it to achieve a laptop amid a
batch of chemicals and bomb-making

materials

health and high winds and revealed a
blender simultaneously on the twelve

u_s_ airliners over the pacific

potential death toll

passengers

several other files using fiction
software will scramble the writings in

secret code

the philippine police to come to some of
the files using a special computer

program

and uncovered a list rodney king resumes

all the evidence pointed to the most
part the terrorist in the world

ramzi yusef

wanted for his involvement in the world
trade center bombing

youssef spots will start

and he was in u_s_ custody within six
weeks

it was a major victory for international
law enforcement

attribute the importance of cryptology

the science of making and breaking a
secret code

trace the development of coaches to
uncover the very fabric of civilization

once a culture which is the level of
sophistication and literacy science of

language

the demand for secret symbolic
communication

portions

i think codes

go back uh... probably as far as there
is language

people had something to keep secret they
need to find some way to scrambling

percent raise codes have been controlled
by governments employed and more

applied in diplomacy when he was going
to be an option

but with modern technology

the use of codes by individuals has
exploded enriching cryptology and

empowering citizens

communications

has heightened the meeting

roads to keep the information private on
the internet

a_t_m_s

medical offices three

today's complex codes of the results by
the historic see-saw battle between coat

knickers and code breakers

that has pushed the very balconies of
science

the earliest known code was an
inscription carved into rock by an

objection scribe in nineteen hundred
b_c_

it was an attempt to demonstrate wider
knowledge like dressing up the right

thing

ordinary hieroglyphics workplace with
unusual symbols which told the story of

the writers master khanum holds up the
second

another early coat was used for secrecy

a tiny inside for a tabloid found on the
banks of the tigris river dating from

fifteen hundred b_c_

contain the hidden formula for blazing
pondering

and the ancient greeks created their own
invented coating methods

one the supportive

of a pression

monarch

thought that it might be time to revolt

and he had a hint in the court

of the riots degrade

and this agent

sent a message to this man saying it's
now time to a vote

he showing the head of what it is slaves

and tax code all invented

the word revolt

and waited for their hair to grow and
sent the slave

down to this man's

when the man got this lady shave the
head saw the word rippled

and realize that this was a time

any given below

successfully

let's go to

a new instruments recycler messages
between researchers use

it was called history

corpse was wrapped around the state

and the message written down the side

wrapped around the stick the message
could be read unwrapped it was scramble

message was sent from general to general
unwrapped generals would have a stake

through the appropriate length grab the
cloth around it and read the message

like waco trickier secret methods
scrambling and i'm scrambling messages

used by sender and receiver id

julius caesar and savored his military
communications using it either employed

an alternative alphabet

by moving each letter three spaces to
the right

but with the collapse of the roman
empire in five hundred eighty

european cryptology entered darkness

that would last four thousand years ago

but another civilization was rising in
the east

line nine hundred eighty eight arab
society was one of the most literate

cultures in the world

and the study of crows flourished banana

the arabs with the first to record the
methods of transposition scrambling of

letters

as well as substitution the replacement
of letters with numbers and symbols

who delivers won't mind specific
techniques of code breaking that

involved mathematical or frequency
analysis

the arabs were very interested in the
letter

studies

and they counted the number of times

characters such as aleph

appeared in the karan

and they discovered which letters begin
words frequently

they use this information a statistical
source

to larry how to break codes the most
frequent coated letter

represents the most frequently text
letter

and that's how you begin to solve a cold

and they were the first to do this

with the renaissance cryptology had a
rebirth in europe

in fourteen sixty six an italian
architect leow now betting develop the

greatest cryptologic convention two
thousand years at the urging of the

vatican

it was a system of rotating cipher discs

with two rings of letters and several
numbers

by scrambling so many letters randomly

it was the first to challenge the arab
code breaking method of frequency

analysis it criticisms just replaced it
with she only one of the time

the albuquerque site for guest

used a disk in which these rhetoric
combinations could be changed from time

to time

and as a consequence it would be
represented not only one letter

but by many letters

this was called

polyol today

alphabet substitution

and it was the basis for many modern
cipher systems

french diplomat

blues division there improve the
operating system and fifteen eighty six

by creating a greater of twenty six
eyebrow blitzing each ship date one over

from the last

by use of a keyword encoding and
decoding communications using visionary

square

could be calculated on a sheet of paper

instead of having to carry a desk

unfortunately

mary queen of scott's did not employ
this new development

beginning in fifteen sixty eight mary
was imprisoned by her cousin queen

elizabeth the first of england

in fifteen eighty six

a group of catholics sought to rescue
marriage and put a running goods from

after assassinating elizabeth

rescuers communicated with mary through
secret coated letters

her great mistake was hidden

thinking that her cipher system was
secure is actually being read by queen

elizabeth search code breakers and
everything about the plot was known and

wondered reached a certain critical
point

queen elizabeth cole will hope to attend
a sentenced mary queen of scott's death

by the seventeen hundreds

each european power has only black
chamber

dan lasater deciphering messages and
gathering intelligence

whether we were able to make cryptology

was just ahead

telegraph

for the first time

made it possible to send messages
quickly over long distances

effect in the united states economy
powered by increasing its communications

power

yet also raised the necessity

or cryptology

in eighteen forty four

samuel morse invented morse code

a series of electrical dot impressions
to communicate over the telephone

because the code was public

and messages could be easily intercepted

the need for new secret codes became
acute

but the telegraph paled in comparison to
the communication industry is next

scientific development

mourned the revolutionized codes

and was used with motorists impact and
the twentieth century

secret bicycles we've used extensively
on the battlefield

the american civil war

approach will return

on modern marvels

dawn of the twentieth century

financially in physicists julio more
marconi

change the world of coats forever

mark on his invention harness radio x as
a new method of communication

the result

wasn't instantaneous transmission of
messages across long distances

the invention of the radios the most
important single event in the history of

collection sites

radio had the greatest

start taking communications

you don't have to lay wire anything like
that you just go out with a radio

posting communicate

but it has been great disadvantage

of turning over to the enemy

and maureen message that you said

so this means you'll have to put into
code

every message that you said

so it's stimulating norma sleep they're
great

growth approach in sankara's

the ramifications of this new ammunition
were not lost among the generals

radio about quick communication with
people division

sanda more rapid mobile form of warfare

radio messages were inside for din
sending morse code across the airwaves

radio transmission brookfield every
cryptogram accommodate

furnished a constant in massive stream
of intercepts to the enemy

codes pin code breakers sharply
escalated

global battle a secret communications
have begun

on august fifth nineteen fourteen

british divers from the shuttle columbia

severed german cable lines in the north
atlantic

it appears their idea was simply to make
things more difficult for the germans

but it had to pay off of forcing a great
deal of traffic that would have gone by

cable

uh... onto radio

and so it resulted in in really a flood
of intercepts coming in that otherwise

wouldn't have been available

warns intercepted

messages were sent to room forty script
analysis section of the british

admiralty

room forty might be the prototype of
water

prevailing organizations

bay recruited

mathematicians linguists

chess master's

anybody who was quoted puzzle solving

in september nineteen fourteen

britain received one of the greatest
gifts in the history of cryptology

heard allies the russians captured the
german crews are not covered in the

baltic

and the book of germany's main maple
grove

they're probably turned the code will go
over to one forty

allowing britain to correct german able
messages and bottle of germany's

battleships for the duration of the war

raining transfer

be able to

new read the german naval signals so
often no almost instantaneously

uh...

was something that simply hadn't
happened before in warfare

on the eastern front crypto graffiti or
lack of it but to one of the most

critical battles in world war one

in late august nineteen fourteen

the russians tend to want him to east
prussia

adventures movement to draft the germans
near the village of time

the germans were of no

but had the advantage of listening in on
russian

radio communications

due to the russians rudimentary and
disorganized coding system

intercepts told the germans that the
russians southern army

faster than it's more than

the germans real and destroy the russian
southend-on-sea

capturing a hundred thousand prisoners

with an estimated thirty thousand dead
or missing

this was the first great

defeat of the russians in the war

and it started then one day long slide
into ruin and revolution

russians

did not at world war one

had a good site for system and in part
they lost the war because it

some of the greatest code breaking event
in the history propel a g began on

january seventeenth nineteen seventeen

new british intercepted telegram that
was imprinted with the highest german

diplomatic however

susie rosenthal

it was a mind-numbing system up ten
thousand words and phrases attached to a

thousand numerical code

the secret message was from the german
foreign minister archer's zimmerman

to is invested in washington

johann von benchmark

for related germany's ambassador to
mexico

heinrich von eckhart

the telegram would be deciphered there

and sent to mexico's president luciano
karun sap

it was sent

berlin

to washington

encrypting

on the american undersea

the british intercepted affair

recognizes the point

it was into a new diplomatic system
which the british should not get broken

after receiving the message in the new
zero zero seven five

bumpin stores office in washington and
made a fatal mistake