10 Common Mental Illnesses Crash Course

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Before we
begin we'd like to add

a quick warning discretion.

This video discusses mental illness

including eating disorders and PTSD.

What is mental illness?

According to National
Alliance on Mental Illness,

it's defined as a condition that affects

a person's thinking, feeling or mood

for a sustained period of time
that negatively impacts them.

You might be wondering, is
depression a mental illness?

What about anxiety?

Yes, they are.

In fact, they're the most common
types of mental illnesses.

In this video, Psych2go covers 10

of the most common types
of mental illnesses.

One, anxiety disorders.

We know 18.1% doesn't sound
like a lot but that's the number

of adults in the US who
suffer from anxiety disorders.

40 million people suffer from symptoms

of an anxiety disorder every year.

Of those 40 million people, it's estimated

that only 36.9% of them will get help.

Anxiety disorders rarely appear alone,

with depression being
a common co-diagnosis.

Anxiety disorders come in a few varieties,

generalized anxiety disorder,
GAD, panic disorder,

social anxiety disorder, SAD

and obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD.

So, what do all these anxiety
disorders have in common?

They're all characterized by
nearly uncontrollable worry

that messes with several
aspects of daily life

such as sleep, relationships,
school and work.

The good news is there are
several treatment options

available, which include

different types of therapy and medication.

Two, personality disorders.

What does it mean when someone's
personality is disordered?

Personality disorders refer
to behavioral, emotional

and thought patterns that deviate greatly

from the expectations of
an individualist culture.

The National Institute
of Mental Health suggests

that 9.1 of the population has the traits

of a personality disorder.

So what does this look like in real life?

Could anyone who's a little
different be diagnosed

with a personality disorder?

Well, according to the
diagnostic criteria in the DSMV

these differences must
be causing the individual

significant amounts of distress

in the way they see themselves,
others and situations,

inappropriate or exaggerated
emotional responses,

impulse control and how well
the individual relates to

and functions around others.

Personality disorders can't
be cured but thankfully

they can be treated.

This treatment consists of
combinations of medications

for the underlying mental health issues

as well as talk therapy.

Three, attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder.

If we say ADHD what comes to mind?

The stereotype of a
person diagnosed with ADHD

is usually a small child
who's bouncing off the walls

or can't finish a task.

However, between 7.8 and 11%
of children aged four to 17

are diagnosed with ADHD any given year.

ADHD affects people of
all ages and includes

multiple symptoms such as
inability to concentrate,

forgetfulness, inability
ability to sit still,

restlessness and losing things.

An individual's symptoms
vary depending on their age,

gender and type of ADHD.

Did you know there's actually

three recognized types of ADHD?

There ADHD, combined type ADHD,

impulsive/hyperactive type in ADHD,

inattentive and destructible type.

Most people think meds are
the only way to control ADHD.

Well many people diagnosed
with the disorder find relief

by using a combination of
medications, life coaching,

education and talk therapy.

Four, post traumatic stress disorder.

Did you know that an estimated
6.8% of the US population

will develop some form of post
traumatic stress disorder.

That's about 19 million
people in the US alone.

So how does this happen?

You, me, everybody will get stressed out

by something in our lives.

Some people will come across
something so stressful

that it affects them permanently.

For many of them this
stress becomes trauma.

A traumatic event is considered any event

that should not have happened,
such as a natural disaster

an assault, childhood neglect,
abuse, starvation and so on.

Just as a completely
normal reaction to trauma

what will happen when the threat is gone?

The stress and trauma stops
on its own for most people,

when the mind and body
understand the individual

is no longer under attack.

But what if the mind and
body don't get the memo?

Post traumatic stress disorder
refers to a prolonged fight

or flight response that happens

after the stressful event has stopped.

Complex post traumatic
stress disorder, CPTSD

refers to the PTSD that
occurs due to a series

of continued traumatic events,
such as childhood abuse.

Think of PTSD and CPTSD as the echoes

of the stress response.

These echoes can happen in the
form of emotional flashbacks,

nightmares, extreme anxiety or panic,

difficulties connecting to others

and an overwhelming sense of fear.

So how does someone get help
for something so overwhelming?

People suffering from PTSD
or CPTSD can find relief

through trauma therapies,

which is eye movement
desensitization reprocessing EMDR

or traditional talk therapies

such as cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT

or dialectical behavior therapy, DBT.

Five, depression.

An estimated 6.7% of the US population

over the age of 18

15.7 million people live with depression.

Although the occasional low
mood is a normal response

to negative situations,
depression entails low moods

that are severe and last
longer than six weeks.

Depression manifests
differently in women than men.

Women tend to experience
depression as feelings of sadness,

worthlessness and shame or guilt.

Men tend to mistake the symptoms
of depression as fatigue

and being easily irritated.

Common treatments for depression include

cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT,

interpersonal therapy,
IPT, psychodynamic therapy,

psycho education groups, antidepressants

and various brain stimulation therapies.

Six, bipolar disorder.

An estimated 2.8% of the US population

that sought mental health
treatment was diagnosed

with some form of
bipolar disorder in 2018.

This number may be low, as
many individuals who suffer

from any mental health
disorder do not seek treatment.

Bipolar disorder means
a lot more than just

really bad mood swings
for a couple of reasons.

First people diagnosed
with bipolar disorder

cannot completely
control these mood swings

and in second, these mood
swings range from manic,

feeling super happy or invincible,

doing crazy spontaneous
things, grandiosity

and having racing or unrealistic thoughts

to extreme bouts of depression

and maybe a little hypomania in between.

Living with bipolar disorder isn't easy

but people struggling with the disorder

can find a variety of medications

and traditional counseling treatments

to help them find more balance.

Seven, eating disorders.

Did you know there are
almost as many people

living with eating disorders

as there are with bipolar disorder?

It's true.

Approximately 2.7% of
individuals who sought treatment

were diagnosed with an
eating disorder in 2018.

The most common question people
ask about eating disorders

is what's the difference
between not being happy

with your body and having
an eating disorder?

Well, in addition to this total focus

on their physical flaws,
eating disorders are defined

by dysmorphia and the binge purge restrict

cycle of behavior.

This cycle comes from
the person's feelings

of extreme distress and
disgust about their body.

This disgust drives the
individual who has the disorder

to become super focused on
their body weight and shape.

Leave a comment below
if you wanna know more

about the binge purge restrict cycle.

The eating disorders everyone knows about

are anorexia nervosa and
bulimia but most people

have never heard of eating disorders

not otherwise specified, EDNOS

or avoidant restrictive
food intake disorder, ARFID.

Leave a comment below
if you wanna hear more

about the lesser known eating disorders.

Everyone needs food, so how is someone

who has such a terrible
relationship with eating

and body image supposed to get better?

Recovery from an eating
disorder is totally possible.

With a combination of talk
therapy, residential treatment

and medications to treat the symptoms

of any underlying mental
health conditions.

Eight, obsessive compulsive disorder.

If obsessive compulsive disorder, OCD

is a type of anxiety disorder,

why does it make the number eight spot?

Simple professionals
day 2.3% of individuals

will qualify for a diagnosis of OCD

during the course of their lifetime.

What's the first thing you
think of when you think

of someone who suffers from
obsessive compulsive disorder?

Did you imagine someone who can't stand

the thought of germs?

Maybe a person who turns
the doorknob 27 times

before they can leave the house?

The common stereotype of an individual

diagnosed with obsessive
compulsive disorder, OCD

is if someone obsessed with cleaning

or counting to a comical degree

but that's not the whole picture.

The reality of OCD includes
a great deal of anxiety,

rigid thinking and feeling
isolated from others.

Individuals diagnosed with OCD suffer from

reoccurring thoughts
that they cannot control,

which are referred to as obsessions.

These obsessions can be things
like cleaning or accounting

but also include checking
and double checking,

feeling as though one will be
punished for being a sinner.

Organizing and arranging and hoarding.

Having obsessions is different
from being detail oriented

or a little type A because individuals

who suffer from obsessions
experience crippling anxiety

due to these thoughts
they're unable to control.

The compulsions are the
actions such as cleaning,

hand washing, arranging and
hoarding, individuals use

to cope with overwhelming
anxiety and rigid thinking.

So what is someone who lives
with the reality of OCD to do?

Although there's no cure for
OCD, a combination of medical

and talk therapy will help them manage

their symptoms effectively.

Nine, autism spectrum disorder ASD.

We've been hearing more and more about

autism spectrum disorder
ASD in recent years.

That's because approximately
1.2% of children,

one in 59 children will
qualify for a diagnosis

of autism spectrum disorder
in the coming year.

ASD begins in childhood
but many individuals

are not diagnosed until
adolescence or adulthood.

ASD is characterized by
significantly impaired

social interactions,
learning and communication.

Individuals with ASD may seem eccentric

or unemotional to others,
as they do not understand

normal social cues.

Some of these behaviors include

seeming off in their own world,

repetitive thoughts or
behaviors, restricted interests,

poor eye contact and difficulty
communicating with others

to the point their functioning
is greatly impaired.

The most common treatments for ASD include

special education classes,

applied behavioral analysis, ABA therapy,

occupational therapy, speech therapy,

behavioral management, therapy
and medication management.

And 10, schizophrenia
and psychotic disorders.

Did you know three out of
100 people will experience

the symptoms of psychosis
in their lifetime?

Yep, this means 1% of the population

suffers from a psychotic disorder.

People usually have their
first psychotic break

between the ages of 16 and 30

which means approximately
100000 adolescents and adults

will experience their first
psychotic break every year.

This does not mean everyone
who experiences psychosis

will always have a psychotic disorder.

Medical and environmental
or situational factors

such as extreme stress,
certain prescriptions

and illicit drugs can
induce temporary psychosis.

For individuals with a
psychotic disorder however,

the symptoms last longer than six months.

So, what is psychosis anyway?

Someone suffering from
psychosis has breaks

or disruptions in their reality,

which manifests in behaviors
such as religious delusions,

audio visual or tactile hallucinations,

feelings of paranoia or persecution

and disordered or jumbled
thoughts and speech.

Schizophrenia is the most
common psychotic disorder

but the DSMV recognize a few others.

Would you like to know more

about the other psychotic disorders?

Then tell us in the comments below.

Having a psychotic disorder
can feel like torture

but it doesn't have to.

Many people who are diagnosed
with some type of psychosis

are successfully treated
with a combination

of specialized medications,
therapy and case management.

Have you or a loved one ever dealt

with any of the mental
illnesses in this article?

Were there any symptoms on
this list that surprised you?

Which mental illnesses do
you wanna hear more about?

Tell us in the comments below.

As always, any information provided here

is for educational purposes only.

If you need mental health
counseling or treatment,

please contact your insurance company,

local college students counseling clinic

or your county crisis
line, help is out there.

For more information on mental
illness and mental health,

stay tuned to Psych2go.

As always, thanks for watching.