Collider 2D - Official Unity Tutorial

Para tener cualquier presencia
física en la escena

un objeto de juego debe tener un

componente colisionador para
definir su forma física

y para interactuar con el
motor físico relevante.

Unity tiene 2 motores físicos.

Uno para 3D y otro para 2D.

Estos dos motores físicos
no interactúan entre si.

Para más información
sobre física y física 2D

por favor, vea la
información vinculada abajo.

Cuando se usa el motor físico 2D

un componente colisionador
2D debe ser usado.

Existen 4 componentes
colisionadores 2D para elegir.

El colisionador 2D circular,

el colisionador 2D caja,

el colisionador 2D poligonal

y el colisionador 2D de bordes.

Todos estos colisionadores
comparten muchas propiedades

ya que todos derivan del mismo

colisionador base 2D genérico.

Cada componente colisionador
2D sin embargo es

optimizado para una forma particular.

El colisionador 2D
circular funciona

con objetos circulares.

El colisionador 2D caja funciona
bien con objetos rectangulares.

El colisionador 2D poligonal funciona

mejor con formas complejas.

Y el colisionador 2D de bordes
funciona bien con superficies.

El colisionador de bordes y el
colisionador poligonal son muy similares.

Son creados por varios puntos, o vértices,

con bordes conectándolos.

La principal diferencia entre ellos
es que el colisionador poligonal

debe ser una forma
cerrada que cubre un área

Y el de bordes debe ser abierto,

definiendo un borde de
uno o más segmentos.

Un buen uso del colisionador de bordes

es hacer una única superficie sólida

en vez de una serie de colisionadores 2D

aún si varios sprites
son usados para crear

el aspecto visual de la superficie.

Cuando se compara todos
los colisionadores 2D

hay 2 propiedades
expuestas en el inspector

que todas comparten.

Is Trigger y Material.

Las otras propiedades
únicas son el definir

la forma de ese colisionador
2D particular.

La propiedad Is Trigger
establecerá al colisionador

para comportarse como
un colisionador disparador.

With normal 2D physics collisions

the 2D physics engine will prevent

2D colliders from passing through each other.

2D trigger colliders will not participate

in physical collisions and will send 2D

trigger messages rather than 2D collision messages.

These trigger messages can be used to

initiate new actions in the scene.

For more information on Is Trigger

and the messages sent by colliders

please see the information linked below.

The material property is a reference to the

physics material 2D being used by the collider 2D

and this can be none.

Physics materials define how colliders

will react when they collider

and define both the bounciness and

the friction of the collider's surface.

To make a bouncy ball or slippery ice covered platform

use a different physics material 2D

with each collider 2D.

For more information on physics material 2D

please see the information linked below.

To use a collider 2D it must be attached

to a game object.

One way of attaching a collider 2D component

is to use the Add Component button

and select Physics 2D

and select a Collider 2D Component.

For more information on game objects,

components and how to use them

please see the information linked below.

When a collider 2D component is attached

Unity will try to size the collider 2D to the sprite.

If the size and shape of the collider 2D

is undesirable then the shape can be edited by either

changing the values in the inspector

or changing the collider 2D itself in the scene view.

To edit a collider 2D in the scene view

hold down the shift key.

This will display handles on the 2D collider's

gizmo in the scene view.

These handles are drag-able.

In the case of the edge collider and the polygon collider

dragging an existing handle will move

the collider's vertex, and change the collider's shape

rather than resizing the collider.

By moving the cursor over an empty edge

on either the edge collider or the polygon collider

a new vertex can be created by clicking.

This is indicated by a new handle appearing

and the edge highlighting in green.

In the case of the edge collider and the polygon collider

holding the control key will allow a

vertex to the be deleted when clicked.

This is indicated by the handle

and the edge highlighting in red.

A game object does not need a rigidbodied

2D to use a collider 2D.

To participate in 2D collision and trigger events

however at least 1 of the game objects

involved must have a rigidbody 2D attached.

A common pattern for best performance

would be to attach collider 2D components

but not rigidbody components

to all of the static, or non-moving game objects

that need to interact with 2D physics.

And attach a collider 2D and a rigidbody 2D

to the dynamic, or moving, game object

that need to interact in the scene.

For more information on physics 2D

collider 2D, collisions and triggers

please see the information linked below.