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Delivery Methods

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    Prof Anderson: Hi class, this is William Anderson
    again, and in this video I want to talk to
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    you about delivery methods.
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    These are various methods for delivering
    your speech, and I want to
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    talk to you about four of them.
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    The first one is called a manuscript
    delivery.
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    In a manuscript delivery, you have
    your entire speech written
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    out in front of you and you read it
    verbatim.
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    Now there is a big important
    advantage to using this method, and
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    that is this is the only method that
    precise wording is important.
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    In other words, you are going to say
    exactly what you meant to say
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    and perhaps more importantly,
    you're going to avoid saying something
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    you did not mean to say.
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    So, any time precise wording is really
    important, this is the only method
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    you should consider using.
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    However, there are two important
    disadvantages to this method.
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    The first one, is it's very poor eye
    contact.
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    With eye contact, we communicate
    our engagement with the audience, so it's
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    really important that you're giving it
    up using a manuscript delivery.
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    Also this method, it's very inflexible.
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    As we've talked about before in the
    course, it's important that you are
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    able to adapt to the facial expressions
    and the nonverbal feedback
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    you're getting from your audience.
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    Well, if you're staring at your script
    reading it, you're not even seeing
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    those facial expressions, you're not
    even seeing that nonverbal feedback.
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    So, because of these two important
    disadvantages, this method should
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    never be used anytime precise
    wording isn't important.
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    For most of you, precise wording
    will never be important.
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    There are a couple of instances
    where it might be.
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    For example, if you ever find yourself
    in a very bad legal situation,
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    sometimes your attorney might
    prepare a very specific statement for you
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    and tell you to read it.
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    Now, sometimes in our normal
    vernacular, our normal conversation,
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    there are multiple words that
    effectively say the same thing.
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    But, in a legal setting, each word can
    have a very specific important meaning.
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    And remember, anything you say
    can and will be used against you
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    in a court of law, and so in this sort
    of circumstance it could be
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    that the exact wording that you
    use can have a very big impact.
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    Or, if you're a spokesperson
    for the government.
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    Sometimes the government, a
    government spokesperson making a slip
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    of the tongue, using wrong words,
    can have a catastrophic effect.
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    So in some of those instances
    precise wording might be important.
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    But for the vast majority of you,
    precise wording will never be important
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    and therefore, reading your speech
    is generally a bad idea.
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    The second one is memorized.
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    In the memorized method, we
    spend a considerable amount of time
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    writing out our speech and then
    much more time committing it to memory
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    so that we can recite it.
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    The advantage to the memorized
    delivery method is that it allows for
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    very good eye contact, you literally
    don't have notes to look at.
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    But there are two compelling
    disadvantages to this method.
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    First of all, it is the most
    inflexible of the methods.
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    When you memorize a speech,
    you're really memorizing the flow.
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    You're memorizing, um, not
    individual words but rather the flow of
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    the speech, and so if you look up
    and you're talking to your audience
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    and they look confused, you know you
    have to go back and provide a different
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    example or a different explanation.
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    But to do so would break you from
    that flow, making it hard to get back in.
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    The second disadvantage to this is this
    is the most inefficient of the methods.
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    By inefficient, I mean you're wasting
    time committing your speech to
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    exact memory.
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    So, let's say, for example,
    you're giving a 5 minute speech.
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    And a 5 minute speech, for most people,
    is about four to five pages of text,
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    probably closer to four.
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    Well, if it takes you an hour to write a
    four page paper and you're really
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    good at memorization and it takes
    you two hours and you can commit the
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    entire four pages to memory, that's
    180 minutes that you've put towards
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    writing and memorizing your speech.
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    If you would've taken that same
    180 minutes, spent about 10 or 15 minutes
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    preparing a good speaking outline,
    and then all the rest of the time
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    focused on practicing and polishing
    your delivery, you would've
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    been able to get- well if it's 15 minutes,
    that would leave 165 minutes of
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    a 5 minute speech, and that's
    33 practices I believe.
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    If you practice your speech 10 times,
    just 10 times, you can dramatically
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    improve your delivery.
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    Here, you're giving up 30 practices so
    you can make sure you used the right
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    preposition in the right order,
    that's a bad trade.
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    So it's better to use that extra time
    practicing, polishing, and perfecting
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    your delivery.
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    And incidentally when I say practice, I
    don't mean read the speech quietly
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    to yourself.
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    I mean stand up, speak it like as if
    you were going to be delivering the
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    speech, because you build muscle
    memory in the pronouncing of the
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    words, um, and that's a better
    use of the time.
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    Because of these two big disadvantages,
    the memorized method is an
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    anachronism, it's effectively lost in time
    for truly no public speakers
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    use this method anymore.
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    Number three, impromptu.
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    Impromptu is speaking with virtually no
    preparation,
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    this is the come as you are speech.
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    Now, this is not a good choice to make,
    but this is the choice that
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    will be made for you much of the time.
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    Many of the speeches that you give
    in your life, you will find out
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    you're going to be giving a speech a
    matter of a few minutes before you're
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    giving it.
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    You might be at a meeting and suddenly
    the boss looks at you and says
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    'uh, why don't you go ahead and
    brief us on a project.'
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    Or you could be sitting at your
    office not even knowing there's a meeting
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    going on, there's a knock at your door,
    your cubicle, your work station
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    and the boss says 'we need you
    to update everybody, come on, let's go.'
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    You have the time it takes to stand up
    and walk to the room to prepare
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    your speech.
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    And during that walk, your boss is
    going to be visiting with you.
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    The key to good impromptu
    speaking is being organized.
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    Organized and confidence will help
    dramatically improve
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    your impromptu speaking.
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    Finally, the fourth one, extemporaneous.
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    Extemporaneous speaking, you never
    actually plan out the exact wording
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    you're going to say, instead you
    simply prepare an outline.
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    And as soon as you've got your
    outline ready, you turn your attention to
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    practicing and polishing your delivery.
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    The advantage here is that it allows
    for very good eye contact.
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    You want this outline to be very
    sparse, very few notes, only the
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    least amount of notes you
    need in order to make sure that
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    you're able to deliver your speech.
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    By having few notes it encourages
    you to look up at your audience.
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    Second advantage, is that this
    one is very flexible.
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    Because you have a very brief outline,
    if it looks like from your
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    audiences reaction that they get a point
    and you can skip the next example,
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    it's easy to skip the next example,
    move onto the next part.
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    Or, if they look confused and you
    need to give another example, it's
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    able to do that and not lose your place.
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    Third, it's very efficient, because it
    doesn't take long to prepare a quick
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    outline, most of your preparation
    time is spent practicing, polishing,
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    and perfecting delivery, which is
    really where the main benefit comes.
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    Fourth, impro-- er, extemporaneous
    speaking tends to be very well
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    organized, an outline is an
    instrument of organization and is at the
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    heart of the extemporaneous
    speaking style.
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    The only major disadvantage to
    extemporaneous speaking is that it
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    doesn't allow for precise wording.
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    So, in the rare occasion that precise
    wording is important, you would
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    never want to use this method.
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    But because most of the speeches
    you give in your life, if not all of them,
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    precise wording won't be important,
    extemporaneous speaking is the best
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    method to use in almost every
    circumstance.
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    So, I hope that this helps in selecting
    which method to use.
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    Again, the speeches in class are
    practice for out there.
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    In terms of speeches in class, I
    always encourage you to only use the
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    extemporaneous method.
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    Thank you.
Title:
Delivery Methods
Description:

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Video Language:
English
Duration:
08:57
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