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Visualizing the wonder of a living cell

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    I'm a medical illustrator,
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    and I come from a slightly different point of view.
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    I've been watching, since I grew up,
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    the expressions of truth and beauty in the arts
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    and truth and beauty in the sciences.
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    And while these are both wonderful things in their own right --
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    they both have very wonderful things going for them --
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    truth and beauty as ideals that can be looked at by the sciences
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    and by math are almost like the ideal conjoined twins
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    that a scientist would want to date.
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    (Laughter)
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    These are expressions of truth as awe-full things,
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    by meaning they are things you can worship.
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    They are ideals that are powerful. They are irreducible.
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    They are unique. They are useful --
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    sometimes, often a long time after the fact.
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    And you can actually roll some of the pictures now,
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    because I don't want to look at me on the screen.
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    Truth and beauty are things
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    that are often opaque to people who are not in the sciences.
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    They are things that describe beauty in a way
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    that is often only accessible if you understand the language
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    and the syntax of the person
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    who studies the subject in which truth and beauty is expressed.
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    If you look at the math, E=mc squared,
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    if you look at the cosmological constant,
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    where there's an anthropic ideal, where you see that life had to evolve
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    from the numbers that describe the universe --
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    these are things that are really difficult to understand.
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    And what I've tried to do
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    since I had my training as a medical illustrator --
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    since I was taught animation by my father,
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    who was a sculptor and my visual mentor --
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    I wanted to figure out a way to help people
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    understand truth and beauty in the biological sciences
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    by using animation, by using pictures, by telling stories
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    so that the things that are not necessarily evident to people
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    can be brought forth, and can be taught, and can be understood.
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    Students today are often immersed in an environment
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    where what they learn is subjects that have truth and beauty
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    embedded in them, but the way they're taught is compartmentalized
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    and it's drawn down to the point where the truth and beauty
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    are not always evident.
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    It's almost like that old recipe for chicken soup
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    where you boil the chicken until the flavor is just gone.
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    We don't want to do that to our students.
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    So we have an opportunity to really open up education.
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    And I had a telephone call from Robert Lue at Harvard,
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    in the Molecular and Cellular Biology Department,
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    a couple of years ago. He asked me if my team and I
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    would be interested and willing to really change
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    how medical and scientific education is done at Harvard.
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    So we embarked on a project that would explore the cell --
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    that would explore the truth and beauty inherent
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    in molecular and cellular biology
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    so that students could understand a larger picture
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    that they could hang all of these facts on.
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    They could have a mental image of the cell
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    as a large, bustling, hugely complicated city
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    that's occupied by micro-machines.
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    And these micro-machines really are at the heart of life.
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    These micro-machines,
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    which are the envy of nanotechnologists the world over,
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    are self-directed, powerful, precise, accurate devices
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    that are made out of strings of amino acids.
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    And these micro-machines power how a cell moves.
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    They power how a cell replicates. They power our hearts.
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    They power our minds.
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    And so what we wanted to do was to figure out
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    how we could make this story into an animation
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    that would be the centerpiece of BioVisions at Harvard,
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    which is a website that Harvard has
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    for its molecular and cellular biology students
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    that will -- in addition to all the textual information,
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    in addition to all the didactic stuff --
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    put everything together visually, so that these students
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    would have an internalized view of what a cell really is
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    in all of its truth and beauty, and be able to study
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    with this view in mind, so that their imaginations would be sparked,
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    so that their passions would be sparked
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    and so that they would be able to go on
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    and use these visions in their head to make new discoveries
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    and to be able to find out, really, how life works.
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    So we set out by looking at how these molecules are put together.
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    We worked with a theme, which is, you've got macrophages
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    that are streaming down a capillary,
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    and they're touching the surface of the capillary wall,
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    and they're picking up information from cells
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    that are on the capillary wall, and they are given this information
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    that there's an inflammation somewhere outside,
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    where they can't see and sense.
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    But they get the information that causes them to stop,
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    causes them to internalize that they need to make
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    all of the various parts that will cause them to change their shape,
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    and try to get out of this capillary and find out what's going on.
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    So these molecular motors -- we had to work
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    with the Harvard scientists and databank models
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    of the atomically accurate molecules
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    and figure out how they moved, and figure out what they did.
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    And figure out how to do this in a way
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    that was truthful in that it imparted what was going on,
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    but not so truthful that the compact crowding in a cell
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    would prevent the vista from happening.
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    And so what I'm going to show you is a three-minute
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    Reader's Digest version of the first aspect of this film
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    that we produced. It's an ongoing project
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    that's going to go another four or five years.
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    And I want you to look at this
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    and see the paths that the cell manufactures --
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    these little walking machines, they're called kinesins --
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    that take these huge loads
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    that would challenge an ant in relative size.
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    Run the movie, please.
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    But these machines that power the inside of the cells
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    are really quite amazing, and they really are the basis of all life
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    because all of these machines interact with each other.
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    They pass information to each other.
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    They cause different things to happen inside the cell.
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    And the cell will actually manufacture the parts that it needs
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    on the fly, from information
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    that's brought from the nucleus by molecules that read the genes.
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    No life, from the smallest life to everybody here,
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    would be possible without these little micro-machines.
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    In fact, it would really, in the absence of these machines,
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    have made the attendance here, Chris, really quite sparse.
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    (Laughter)
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    (Music)
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    This is the FedEx delivery guy of the cell.
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    This little guy is called the kinesin,
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    and he pulls a sack that's full of brand new manufactured proteins
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    to wherever it's needed in the cell --
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    whether it's to a membrane, whether it's to an organelle,
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    whether it's to build something or repair something.
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    And each of us has about 100,000 of these things
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    running around, right now,
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    inside each one of your 100 trillion cells.
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    So no matter how lazy you feel,
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    you're not really intrinsically doing nothing.
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    (Laughter)
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    So what I want you to do when you go home
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    is think about this, and think about how powerful our cells are.
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    And think about some of the things
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    that we're learning about cellular mechanics.
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    Once we figure out all that's going on --
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    and believe me, we know almost a percent of what's going on --
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    once we figure out what's going on,
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    we're really going to be able to have a lot of control
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    over what we do with our health,
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    with what we do with future generations,
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    and how long we're going to live.
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    And hopefully we'll be able to use this
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    to discover more truth, and more beauty.
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    (Music)
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    But it's really quite amazing that these cells, these micro-machines,
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    are aware enough of what the cell needs that they do their bidding.
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    They work together. They make the cell do what it needs to do.
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    And their working together helps our bodies --
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    huge entities that they will never see -- function properly.
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    Enjoy the rest of the show. Thank you.
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    (Applause)
Title:
Visualizing the wonder of a living cell
Speaker:
David Bolinsky
Description:

Medical animator David Bolinsky presents three minutes of stunning animation that show the bustling life inside a cell.

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Video Language:
English
Team:
closed TED
Project:
TEDTalks
Duration:
09:28
TED edited English subtitles for Visualizing the wonder of a living cell
TED added a translation

English subtitles

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