What Capcom Didn't Tell You About Resident Evil 4 | Game Mechanics Explained

Hi, this is Mark Brown with Game Maker's Toolkit,
a series on video game design.

Resident Evil 4 does something really clever.

I mean, that's an understatement: the game's
a masterpiece. But I'm talking specifically

about the way the game dynamically shifts
its level of difficulty to meet your skill

level.

Perform well at the game, by avoiding attacks
and shooting accurately, and the game will

get harder as enemies do more damage and become
more aggressive. But if you suck, and keep

dying or just keep getting hurt, the game
will ease off and the Ganados will go down

more easily, and wait around longer to get
shot before rushing at you.

Also, the contents of the crates and barrels
shift from being generous to being stingy

as you become more skilled. And, sometimes,
enemies will completely disappear from existence

if you're really struggling.

Here I've been playing really well...

...and I enter the notorious 'water room',
and get set upon by nine cultists - seven

on the ground, and two crossbow snipers up
high. But then I die a few times and

suddenly, the snipers are gone, making this
room slightly easier to tackle.

Because the game keeps pace with your own
skill as a player, Resident Evil 4 helps you

slip into a zone that psychologists and game
designers call "flow", which is the fabled

middle ground between a game being so easy
it leaves you bored, and so hard it makes

you anxious or frustrated.

While the gradually rising difficulty curve
of most linear video games will try and keep

players in that flow state, it can't account
for every type of gamer. And if the player

picks the wrong difficulty option at the start,
they may instantly rob themselves of a satisfying

experience.

That's the advantage of a dynamic difficulty
setting, which constantly corrects itself

to provide an experience that challenges the
player, without overwhelming them. And it

stops them from getting stuck in a rut, but
it doesn't let them waltz through the game

either.

This is, however, not the most clever thing
about Resident Evil 4's dynamic difficulty.

The smartest thing is that many gamers watching
this video right now are saying to themselves

"Wow! I didn't even know the game did that!"

And that may be the point. Capcom never officially
stated that the game altered its own difficulty.

It's not an option in the menu, and it's not
in the manual. It wasn't in a trailer or a

bullet point in a press release, and designer
Shinji Mikami - who would later turn this

system into an entire game in the brilliant
PS2 brawler God Hand - didn't gab about it

in interviews.

The only real source for the feature's existence,
other than the experiences of Resident Evil

obsessives, is from an official strategy guide
that came out almost a year after the game.

You see, a number of games offer to help out
if you're struggling, like the Super Kong

in Donkey Kong Country Returns, which clears
a tricky level for you if you fail too many

times.

But many hardcore players are too proud to
accept the helping hand, and would rather

beat their head against the wall in frustration
than suffer the indignity of getting a free

pass.

Especially when the game actually mocks you
for reducing the difficulty. If you die too

often in the upcoming Metal Gear Solid 5,
you'll be given the option to wear a goofy

chicken hat, which reduces the challenge but
makes Snake look like a complete burk.

However, by making the effects subtle and
not advertising them to the world like it

did with Resident Evil: Darkside Chronicles,
Resident Evil 4 gives players all the advantages

of dynamic difficulty adjustment without making
them feel patronised.

Plus, if they don't know about it, players
can't game the system by intentionally killing

or injuring themselves to drop the difficulty
setting, which is exactly what speed runners

do.

Here's a top Resi 4 speed runner, Robert 'Sunblade'
Brandl, getting hit on the ski lift and purposefully

failing QTEs, to reduce the difficulty and
therefore make certain sections easier to

dash through.

Resident Evil 4 did not invent the idea of
a sliding difficulty scale, of course. NES

and arcade shmups like Zanac and Xevious were
doing it back in the eighties, and Remedy

applied the idea to a third person shooter
in Max Payne, a few years before Capcom had

the chance.

Left 4 Dead made particularly good use of
dynamic difficulty, to modulate dramatic tension.

Here's Valve's Guatam Babbar on the subject:

"We created a system that tracks each survivor's
stress level by watching for events like 'how

much damage are you taking?', 'how many zombies
have you killed near you?', and so on."

"If a survivor's stress level gets too high,
the system will step in and forcibly throttle

back the zombie population system to make
sure the team gets a break every now and then".

Kid Icarus Uprising and Super Smash Bros have
an interesting system where you essentially

place a bet on the difficulty level you think
you'll finish the stage at. If you succeed

- you get a big payout. But if you fail - you
lose a bunch of your stuff and get knocked

down to an easier difficulty level, until
you can beat the game.

And Flow, which is named after that psychological
zone, lets you manually moderate your level

of difficulty, by choosing when to delve into
deeper waters - by chomping on a red organism

- and when to retreat to safety my munching
on a blue one. It's a bit like deciding whether

or not to grind for a while in a RPG.

But the number of games with dynamic difficulty
adjustment is pretty small, and most of them

advertise it to the world, like SiN Episodes,
which made a big song and dance of its 'Personal

Challenge System' right there on the Steam
description.

But I think this is something that game designers
should keep on the down low. Don't make it

a press release or a blog post. Keep it a
secret.

You want to let players reap the benefits
of a sliding difficulty scale, that keeps

perfect pace with their skill level and helps
remove areas of boredom or frustration. But

you also want to avoid the drawbacks, of hardcore
gamers getting cranky, and others spoiling

their own experience by cheating the system.

And yes, I do realise that there may be many
games that use this system but have done it

*so* subtly that no one has actually noticed.
In which case, bravo mysterious game developers.

Thanks for watching! Think you've spotted
a game with a secret sliding difficulty scale?

Whack it in the comments below. Plus, please
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