Sandbox
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0:22 - 0:25this aircraft is the most advanced of
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0:25 - 0:28its breed built around the first look
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0:28 - 0:31first shot first kill ethos it is all
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0:31 - 0:33set to become the air dominant stealth
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0:33 - 0:38fighter of the 21st century the Raptor
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0:38 - 0:39is a killing machine just like the name
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0:39 - 0:42implies as deadly as it looks it's even
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0:42 - 0:44more deadly when a gas gets out there
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0:44 - 0:46and does its job
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0:46 - 0:49deadly and undetectable at long range
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0:49 - 0:51this breathtaking fifth-generation
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0:51 - 0:54fighter blends unmatched dogfighting
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0:54 - 0:56with precision strike ground attack
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0:56 - 1:02capabilities you literally are able to
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1:02 - 1:03swim through the sharks and the sharks
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1:03 - 1:05never see you and never know you're
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1:05 - 1:07there at any point in time you can reach
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1:07 - 1:10out and touch them with deadly force
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1:10 - 1:13capable of super crews and packing a
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1:13 - 1:15deadly array of state-of-the-art missile
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1:15 - 1:17systems this stealth jet of the new
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1:17 - 1:20millennium can intercept and strike any
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1:20 - 1:24target with near impunity they die they
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1:24 - 1:25die without knowing where the Raptors
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1:25 - 1:27are they die without knowing that they
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1:27 - 1:33were targeted they die often now using
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1:33 - 1:35unique footage will take you on an
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1:35 - 1:38all-access tour of America's newest
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1:38 - 1:43super weapon the FA 22 rut
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1:47 - 1:511981 in his first press conference as
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1:51 - 1:52chief executive of the United States
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1:52 - 1:55Ronald Wilson Reagan offered a deal to
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1:55 - 2:00the Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev if
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2:00 - 2:02Soviet ss-20 missiles aimed at Western
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2:02 - 2:05Europe were removed America would not
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2:05 - 2:07deploy its Pershing to cruise missiles
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2:07 - 2:10to counter the threat
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2:11 - 2:14throughout the 1960s and 70s the Soviets
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2:14 - 2:17developed different missiles to attack
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2:17 - 2:19in different altitude bands you couldn't
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2:19 - 2:21fly under the missile threat you
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2:21 - 2:24couldn't fly over the missile threat you
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2:24 - 2:27had to deal with the missile threat one
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2:27 - 2:29way to do that is to make suppression of
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2:29 - 2:32enemy air defense that is destroying the
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2:32 - 2:35missile sites in the radars the most
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2:35 - 2:40important mission for the Air Force by
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2:40 - 2:44the 1970s air superiority had reimagine
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2:44 - 2:47and the US Air Force committed to
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2:47 - 2:49building its first pure air superiority
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2:49 - 2:51fighter an aircraft that would
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2:51 - 2:56eventually become the f-15 Eagle
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2:58 - 3:02but just as f-15s became operational in
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3:02 - 3:051978 alarming new evidence suggested
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3:05 - 3:06that the new fighter superiority might
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3:06 - 3:10only be temperament
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3:11 - 3:14u.s. reconnaissance satellites passing
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3:14 - 3:16over a Soviet flight test center north
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3:16 - 3:19of Moscow discover new Soviet fighters
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3:19 - 3:21being tested one was the agile fighter
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3:21 - 3:25the Mikoyan mig-29 but the other came as
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3:25 - 3:30a huge shock to Western analysts it was
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3:30 - 3:33bigger than the f-15 and far bigger than
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3:33 - 3:36any previous Soviet built fighter the
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3:36 - 3:40Sukhoi t10 prototype at that time the
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3:40 - 3:42Soviet Union initiated some very
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3:42 - 3:44aggressive programs to come up with
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3:44 - 3:47counters in both the mckeon and Sukhoi
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3:47 - 3:50both those design bureaus initiated new
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3:50 - 3:53aircraft development efforts and it
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3:53 - 3:55appeared that they run a track they
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3:55 - 3:57would field some very advanced fighters
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3:57 - 4:01if the mig-29 had concerned the American
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4:01 - 4:04military establishment the existence of
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4:04 - 4:08the Sukhoi t10 set alarm bells ringing
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4:08 - 4:11these are very good aircraft their
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4:11 - 4:14aircraft that play in the same league as
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4:14 - 4:17some of the top NATO aircraft like
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4:17 - 4:21phantom and ultimately like f-15
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4:21 - 4:27the goal is world peace just weeks into
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4:27 - 4:30his first term America's 40th president
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4:30 - 4:32increased US defense spending by thirty
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4:32 - 4:35two point five billion dollars and began
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4:35 - 4:37the rearmament of the United States on a
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4:37 - 4:40colossal scale
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4:41 - 4:44in 1981 the Cold War was getting very
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4:44 - 4:47warm
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4:48 - 4:51as Reagan and Brezhnev squared up the US
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4:51 - 4:53Air Force concluded that it urgently
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4:53 - 4:55needed a replacement for its f15 an
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4:55 - 4:59Advanced Tactical Fighter or ATF that
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4:59 - 5:04would have no equal as American planners
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5:04 - 5:06start to develop the concept of air land
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5:06 - 5:09battle to fight World War three the u.s.
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5:09 - 5:12air force starts to think about the kind
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5:12 - 5:15of equipment it wants to have when it
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5:15 - 5:18comes time to fight the war at that time
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5:18 - 5:21in the secretive black world of advanced
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5:21 - 5:23aviation development one technology had
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5:23 - 5:25emerged at the forefront of all military
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5:25 - 5:29aircraft development stealth during that
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5:29 - 5:31period the late 1970s of course in what
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5:31 - 5:34we call the black world in the in the
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5:34 - 5:36world of secret programs there was a
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5:36 - 5:38great effort going on to come up with
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5:38 - 5:41counters to these new Soviet weapon
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5:41 - 5:44systems that could enable us to knock
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5:44 - 5:46out their Sam system and that of course
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5:46 - 5:50led to the development of the f-117
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5:50 - 5:52analysis of air-to-air combat in Vietnam
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5:52 - 5:54called
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5:54 - 5:56the Red Baron study and kick-started the
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5:56 - 5:59race for stealth an operational analysis
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5:59 - 6:02study showed in Vietnam that most
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6:02 - 6:05aircraft were killed by other aircraft
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6:05 - 6:07that they hadn't seen so from this you
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6:07 - 6:10get the idea that if the aircraft isn't
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6:10 - 6:13seen it has a tremendous advantage
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6:13 - 6:15air combat data from world war ii and
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6:15 - 6:18korea had reinforced this need for
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6:18 - 6:20invisibility
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6:20 - 6:25so from this in a process of operational
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6:25 - 6:29analysis the US Air Force learns that
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6:29 - 6:31what you really need to do is be
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6:31 - 6:34invisible to the enemy and that means
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6:34 - 6:37that an aircraft is designed to be as
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6:37 - 6:40near as possible invisible to an enemy
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6:40 - 6:43fighter aircraft it's geometry is
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6:43 - 6:47designed to give it a very low profile
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6:47 - 6:50that is to make it very invisible to an
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6:50 - 6:53oncoming fighter aircraft using
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6:53 - 6:55high-frequency fighter aircraft radar
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6:55 - 6:58the principle of stealth technology is
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6:58 - 7:00to literally make an aeroplane invisible
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7:00 - 7:05to the enemy an aircraft's shape must
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7:05 - 7:07reflect incoming radio waves away from
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7:07 - 7:10the enemy radar rather than towards it
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7:10 - 7:13to further increase low observable
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7:13 - 7:15characteristics an aeroplane is then
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7:15 - 7:17covered in materials that absorb radar
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7:17 - 7:20signals further reducing its visibility
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7:20 - 7:23on a radar screen
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7:24 - 7:26stealth doesn't mean invisible
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7:26 - 7:30it just means less visible operational
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7:30 - 7:33analysis shows that if you apply certain
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7:33 - 7:37computer models to air-to-air combat the
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7:37 - 7:39more stealthy aircraft the one that's
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7:39 - 7:44harder to see is likely or to win
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7:48 - 7:50leading the way in stealth technology
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7:50 - 7:52was Lockheed skunkworks
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7:52 - 7:56in the late 1970s tell wasn't widely
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7:56 - 7:58known outside of a few companies the
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7:58 - 8:01ability to integrate stealth technology
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8:01 - 8:03shaping for stealth and the materials
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8:03 - 8:06was really only well known in two
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8:06 - 8:09companies it was Lockheed and Northrop
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8:09 - 8:14in 1977 amid unprecedented security
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8:14 - 8:16Lockheed had flown a prototype of the
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8:16 - 8:19world's first stealth fighter and by the
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8:19 - 8:231980s during Operation Just Cause its
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8:23 - 8:25f-117 had helped to destroy general
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8:25 - 8:34Noriega --zz regime in Panama now the US
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8:34 - 8:35Air Force decided that any new fighter
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8:35 - 8:38must incorporate stealth technology and
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8:38 - 8:40identified two other areas in which a
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8:40 - 8:42future air superiority fighter should
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8:42 - 8:45excel
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8:49 - 8:52well at that stage of the game was clear
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8:52 - 8:55that the Air Force wanted a stealthy
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8:55 - 8:59fighter it was also clear that they
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8:59 - 9:01wanted an airplane that would
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9:01 - 9:03supercruise in other words run
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9:03 - 9:06supersonically without lighting off to
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9:06 - 9:09afterburners and they didn't want to
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9:09 - 9:12sacrifice any of the classic fighter
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9:12 - 9:14maneuverability so they wanted a fighter
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9:14 - 9:17that besides all the new technology
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9:17 - 9:20would maneuver as well or better than
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9:20 - 9:26the f-15 in October 1982 representatives
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9:26 - 9:28from fighter manufacturers met with the
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9:28 - 9:30US Air Force and began to identify the
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9:30 - 9:34specific must-haves for the new fighter
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9:34 - 9:37at the time there were eight contractors
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9:37 - 9:38of built combat aircraft in the States
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9:38 - 9:41seven of those responded to a request
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9:41 - 9:44for proposals from that period of 1983
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9:44 - 9:48to 85 or 86 was a process of refinement
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9:48 - 9:51you know narrowing down the specific
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9:51 - 9:54parameters it must be a supersonic
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9:54 - 9:56cruise aircraft with a combat radius of
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9:56 - 9:59seven to nine hundred miles with reduced
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9:59 - 10:02observables if possible the aircraft
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10:02 - 10:03would have to be able to operate on a
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10:03 - 10:062,000 foot runway and must be easier to
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10:06 - 10:09maintain than an f-15
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10:09 - 10:12the challenge had been issued now it was
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10:12 - 10:14up to the finest aviation manufacturers
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10:14 - 10:18in the world to respond I'm a village
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10:18 - 10:21optimist and I have to say that the
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10:21 - 10:24requirements were very demanding but I
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10:24 - 10:28didn't have any I didn't have any strong
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10:28 - 10:31feeling that we couldn't do this the
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10:31 - 10:34Advanced Tactical Fighter program was
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10:34 - 10:37about to begin and the Raptor America's
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10:37 - 10:40fifth-generation fighter was about to be
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10:40 - 10:53hatched by 1983 us-soviet relations had
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10:53 - 10:55reached a new low
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10:55 - 10:58following Leonid Brezhnev's death the
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10:58 - 11:01Politburo now controlled by ex-kgb boss
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11:01 - 11:04yuri and drop off had been labeled by
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11:04 - 11:06reagan as the focus of evil in the
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11:06 - 11:08modern world
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11:08 - 11:11continuing his policy of rearmament
-
11:11 - 11:13Reagan announced plans for the Strategic
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11:13 - 11:16Defense Initiative better known as Star
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11:16 - 11:21Wars and Moscow reacted furiously
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11:22 - 11:26publishing polar prodigy in a Russian
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11:26 - 11:29capoeira a marathon see a Kaboodle's
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11:29 - 11:34Nina gusta get their image legally not
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11:34 - 11:36August when Korean Airlines flight
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11:36 - 11:38double-oh-seven on its way to Seoul from
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11:38 - 11:40New York strayed several hundred miles
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11:40 - 11:43off course into Soviet airspace Russia
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11:43 - 11:48acted a fighter was sent up and the
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11:48 - 11:50civilian airliner with 269 people on
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11:50 - 11:54board was shot down
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11:57 - 12:01a shooting down of kaal double-oh-seven
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12:01 - 12:03sent shockwaves around the world
-
12:03 - 12:05straining international relations almost
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12:05 - 12:11a breaking point but can we think of a
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12:11 - 12:13regime that so broadly trumpets its
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12:13 - 12:15vision of peace and global disarmament
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12:15 - 12:19and yet so callously and quickly commits
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12:19 - 12:20a terrorist act to sacrifice the lives
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12:20 - 12:24of innocent human beings
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12:27 - 12:29Regan's reaction to the crisis
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12:29 - 12:31strengthened u.s. conviction that
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12:31 - 12:33stealth would now be the prime
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12:33 - 12:36requirement for America's new feisty
-
12:36 - 12:38some senior people the Pentagon looked
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12:38 - 12:40at the stealth requirements and decided
-
12:40 - 12:42they were inadequate and they radically
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12:42 - 12:45changed him so the stealth became a
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12:45 - 12:48really major dominant requirement in the
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12:48 - 12:52program in this politically charged
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12:52 - 12:55climate the US Air Force created its
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12:55 - 12:58Advanced Tactical Fighter or ATF system
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12:58 - 13:00program office based at wright-patterson
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13:00 - 13:04Air Force Base in Ohio Colonel Albert CP
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13:04 - 13:06Carrillo is placed in charge of the
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13:06 - 13:08division one of the things we really
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13:08 - 13:10wanted was the ability to leverage
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13:10 - 13:13stealth in a high-performance fighter
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13:13 - 13:15and we also wanted this high-performance
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13:15 - 13:18fighter to still be capable of good
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13:18 - 13:19clothes in within visual range
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13:19 - 13:23maneuvering capability in fact we wanted
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13:23 - 13:25more than just existing capability in
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13:25 - 13:29something the manufacturers are invited
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13:29 - 13:31to submit concepts for an aircraft with
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13:31 - 13:33an operational radius of 800 miles
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13:33 - 13:36enough to allow it to operate over the
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13:36 - 13:38entire central region of Europe from
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13:38 - 13:41bases in central England it should have
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13:41 - 13:43low observable characteristics and be
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13:43 - 13:46able to cruise at Mach 1 point 5 for an
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13:46 - 13:49astonishing 600 miles
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13:50 - 13:52we weren't building an airplane for the
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13:52 - 13:541990s although that was what we were
-
13:54 - 13:56trying to do we were really building a
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13:56 - 13:58fighter for the 21st century that could
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13:58 - 14:00take on all of the advanced threats that
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14:00 - 14:03the Soviet Union was likely to throw in
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14:03 - 14:06itself all of the teams would have their
-
14:06 - 14:07work cut out for them
-
14:07 - 14:09but importantly the military added
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14:09 - 14:14another complicating factor at the end
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14:14 - 14:16of the concept demonstration phase the
-
14:16 - 14:19decision was made by the Air Force to
-
14:19 - 14:22launch a demonstration validation phase
-
14:22 - 14:24of the program that would involve
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14:24 - 14:27building to flight demonstrators YF type
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14:27 - 14:31airplanes that would then be evaluated
-
14:31 - 14:33they didn't after that full armament
-
14:33 - 14:35they didn't have to have avionics they
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14:35 - 14:37didn't have to have stealth coatings but
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14:37 - 14:39essentially they were going to go out
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14:39 - 14:43show us what you can do but building
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14:43 - 14:46prototype aircraft is expensive and no
-
14:46 - 14:48one manufacturer could afford it on
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14:48 - 14:50their own
-
14:50 - 14:53they all know that they must invest so
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14:53 - 14:57much money and developing that if they
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14:57 - 15:01don't get the contract they're going to
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15:01 - 15:04be so out of pocket it's gonna hurt the
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15:04 - 15:07company badly
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15:07 - 15:10we Lockheed made a policy decision at
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15:10 - 15:13the CEO level that we would seek teaming
-
15:13 - 15:16so the bottom line is we ended up
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15:16 - 15:19deciding that we would team with Boeing
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15:19 - 15:22and General Dynamics Fort Worth each
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15:22 - 15:25manufacturer would submit a design for
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15:25 - 15:28the demonstration valuation or Denville
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15:28 - 15:30competition but had agreed that the
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15:30 - 15:31winning company would be the prime
-
15:31 - 15:33contractor and its partners
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15:33 - 15:35subcontracted to produce major
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15:35 - 15:37components
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15:37 - 15:40everybody's investment will be at least
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15:40 - 15:43partly repaid because everybody gets
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15:43 - 15:47piece of the action seven designs for
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15:47 - 15:49the Air Force competition was submitted
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15:49 - 15:54for final evaluation all of the seven
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15:54 - 15:55contractors came in with designs that
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15:55 - 15:57were very feasible and it could that
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15:57 - 15:59could have been built the question was
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15:59 - 16:02which were the best and then how did we
-
16:02 - 16:03determined that they really were good
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16:03 - 16:08enough to manufacturers with strong
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16:08 - 16:10experience in stealth technology
-
16:10 - 16:13Northrop with its b2
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16:13 - 16:20and Lockheed with its f-117 lead the way
-
16:20 - 16:23northrop's Advanced Tactical Fighter or
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16:23 - 16:26ATF design was for an alien looking
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16:26 - 16:29aircraft with diamond planform wings and
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16:29 - 16:32huge V tails it was a design that
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16:32 - 16:36stressed speed and stealth Northrop came
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16:36 - 16:39in with a an airplane that really from
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16:39 - 16:41the very beginning look just like the Y
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16:41 - 16:44of 23 that eventually was built as well
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16:44 - 16:46Lockheed's entry echoed that of the
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16:46 - 16:50f-117 it's vectored thrust Arrowhead
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16:50 - 16:53shape trapezoidal wings and four tails
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16:53 - 16:55ensure that the aircraft would be
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16:55 - 17:00maneuverable the fact was that Lockheed
-
17:00 - 17:02and Northrop had significant advantages
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17:02 - 17:06in the fact that they had built stealth
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17:06 - 17:08aircraft and flown them it's big
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17:08 - 17:10credibility factor there
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17:10 - 17:15on October 31st 1986 both Lockheed and
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17:15 - 17:17Northrop ATF designs were declared the
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17:17 - 17:19winners of the competition under the
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17:19 - 17:22terms of the dem val competition each
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17:22 - 17:26team would build two aircraft
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17:27 - 17:29at the end of the process one of two
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17:29 - 17:31designs would become America's new
-
17:31 - 17:35Advanced Tactical Fighter costing
-
17:35 - 17:37billions of dollars the new fighter
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17:37 - 17:39would make a technological leap into the
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17:39 - 17:4621st century just nine months after
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17:46 - 17:49being selected to build to demonstration
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17:49 - 17:51valuation fighters for the US Air Force
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17:51 - 17:53Lockheed shocked everyone and scrapped
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17:53 - 18:01its original design in July of 87 we
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18:01 - 18:04looked at our design at that time and we
-
18:04 - 18:05looked at what we thought it would weigh
-
18:05 - 18:09and how it would perform and with no
-
18:09 - 18:12input from the Air Force we decided to
-
18:12 - 18:16start over so between July 13th of 87
-
18:16 - 18:21and mid-october that year basically
-
18:21 - 18:24that's where the f-22 came into the
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18:24 - 18:27world in a hectic three-month process
-
18:27 - 18:29with help from its partners lockheed
-
18:29 - 18:31produced a completely different
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18:31 - 18:34configuration with a clipped delta wing
-
18:34 - 18:37we changed to clip diamond wings which
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18:37 - 18:41gave us almost the same aerodynamic
-
18:41 - 18:43performance but a lot lower structural
-
18:43 - 18:45weight we did the same thing with the
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18:45 - 18:48trapezoidal horizontal tails and the
-
18:48 - 18:51same thing with the verticals
-
18:51 - 18:54over the next four years at a cost of
-
18:54 - 18:56just over two billion dollars America's
-
18:56 - 18:58tactical fighter competition became the
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18:58 - 19:01largest program of its kind
-
19:01 - 19:05and in 1990 just months after the
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19:05 - 19:07disintegration of the Soviet Union the
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19:07 - 19:10shapes of the two rival designs were
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19:10 - 19:13finally unveiled and now ladies and
-
19:13 - 19:16gentlemen I proudly present to you the
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19:16 - 19:19yf-22 a prototype for US air superiority
-
19:19 - 19:23in the 21st century
-
19:30 - 19:33on behalf of the entire team I am
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19:33 - 19:37honored to present the yf-23
-
19:44 - 19:48Northrop's version called the yf-23
-
19:48 - 19:51closely resembled its original design
-
19:51 - 19:53well it was the most unusual looking at
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19:53 - 19:57very futuristic it had twin details as
-
19:57 - 19:59opposed to what's called a cruciform
-
19:59 - 20:01twin verticals and twin horizontals I
-
20:01 - 20:05had a large trapezoidal wing and it had
-
20:05 - 20:07a very slender shape and looked at for
-
20:07 - 20:11me a John view in contrast Lockheed's
-
20:11 - 20:14design called the yf-22 seemed
-
20:14 - 20:16surprisingly conventional with four tail
-
20:16 - 20:20surfaces vectored thrust a broad solid
-
20:20 - 20:23body and a conventional wing but unlike
-
20:23 - 20:25Lockheed's other stealth aircraft the
-
20:25 - 20:29f-117 radar absorbent materials were not
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20:29 - 20:32applied over the whole of the FA 22 but
-
20:32 - 20:35used selectively on its edges cavities
-
20:35 - 20:39and crucial surface areas
-
20:41 - 20:43you walk around the airplane everywhere
-
20:43 - 20:45you look about what you see is something
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20:45 - 20:48that's designed to do the job in the
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20:48 - 20:50most efficient and effective way and no
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20:50 - 20:56wasted space no wasted capability it's
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20:56 - 20:58truly an airplane it's intended and has
-
20:58 - 21:03been optimized for its job
-
21:04 - 21:08the f-22 carries its weapons internally
-
21:08 - 21:10for weapons bays are hidden in the
-
21:10 - 21:13central mid-body section six missiles
-
21:13 - 21:15can be carried in the ventral Bay's
-
21:15 - 21:18which are covered with bi-fold doors the
-
21:18 - 21:21side bays will each hold one Sidewinder
-
21:21 - 21:24missile carried on a trapeze launcher
-
21:24 - 21:27the mid-body section also houses the
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21:27 - 21:29fighters landing gear and complex in met
-
21:29 - 21:34ducts right from day one on the f-22 we
-
21:34 - 21:37decided to put s-shaped
-
21:37 - 21:40Inlet ducts on it so the airplane is
-
21:40 - 21:42built with s-shape Inlet ducts so that
-
21:42 - 21:46there's no way a radar is ever seeing
-
21:46 - 21:49the forward face of the jet engine
-
21:49 - 21:52attached to the mid-body is the four
-
21:52 - 21:54body which accommodates the cockpit and
-
21:54 - 21:59advanced avionics both the yf-23 and the
-
21:59 - 22:02yf-22 are impressive-looking machines
-
22:02 - 22:05but their performance still needs to be
-
22:05 - 22:08tested the most crucial stage of the
-
22:08 - 22:11competition is still to come the flight
-
22:11 - 22:13testing
-
22:20 - 22:23Northrop was first in the air in August
-
22:23 - 22:271990 flown by Paul Metz the yf-23 got
-
22:27 - 22:29airborne
-
22:49 - 22:56the test was a huge success but Lockheed
-
22:56 - 22:59was quick to respond and on September
-
22:59 - 23:01the 29th at Edwards Air Force Base in
-
23:01 - 23:02California
-
23:02 - 23:04Lockheed chief test pilot Dave Ferguson
-
23:04 - 23:07prepared the raptor for its maiden
-
23:07 - 23:14flight I pulled on her runway and looked
-
23:14 - 23:16down the runway it was just a feeling of
-
23:16 - 23:18really relief and that we're going to do
-
23:18 - 23:23it and I ran the airplane up to 80%
-
23:23 - 23:26military power
-
23:27 - 23:30and acceleration was just amazing I mean
-
23:30 - 23:34it was like an f15 in full afterburner
-
23:39 - 23:41and I thought the only thing in this
-
23:41 - 23:43airplane that's ever flown before it was
-
23:43 - 23:45me and I think in the back of my mind I
-
23:45 - 23:47was saying please fly please fly when I
-
23:47 - 23:49pulled your nose up and it just lifted
-
23:49 - 23:51off
-
24:10 - 24:14I was fully aware we had a wonderful
-
24:14 - 24:16flying airplane and the handling
-
24:16 - 24:18qualities in the takeoff and landing
-
24:18 - 24:20their power approach as we call it were
-
24:20 - 24:27just absolutely superb when I landed in
-
24:27 - 24:29Sherman at the airplane I said hey boss
-
24:29 - 24:33we really have a winner here the way the
-
24:33 - 24:35f-22 performed was no surprise to
-
24:35 - 24:38anybody who was involved in the program
-
24:38 - 24:41not at all I mean my money has been on
-
24:41 - 24:46the f-22 from early 1985 it'll be there
-
24:46 - 24:51till I'm gone over the next three months
-
24:51 - 24:53the Raptor underwent a whole series of
-
24:53 - 24:56tests the Air Force required both teams
-
24:56 - 24:59to give them performance projections and
-
24:59 - 25:02then they were going to actually compare
-
25:02 - 25:03that with what the airplanes actually
-
25:03 - 25:05did in flight subsonic supersonic at
-
25:05 - 25:07different altitudes and so forth
-
25:07 - 25:10the winner of this stage would earn a
-
25:10 - 25:14contract for 650 aircraft the decision
-
25:14 - 25:16would hinge not just on what the
-
25:16 - 25:18contractors promised but on the Air
-
25:18 - 25:20Force's confidence in their ability to
-
25:20 - 25:22deliver
-
25:22 - 25:25we expected to get a lot of flying done
-
25:25 - 25:28in the 90 days we actually got 72
-
25:28 - 25:30flights out of two airplanes in 90 days
-
25:30 - 25:37and that is about as good as you can do
-
25:37 - 25:40during flight testing the Raptor had
-
25:40 - 25:43beaten northrop yf-23 in a number of
-
25:43 - 25:47crucial performance areas
-
25:48 - 25:51we'd focused on the supersonic testing
-
25:51 - 25:54including super cruising and we did
-
25:54 - 25:56something that Northrop didn't do and
-
25:56 - 25:57that is we did launch a couple of
-
25:57 - 26:00missiles we launched a Sidewinder out of
-
26:00 - 26:03the internal side bay on our prototype
-
26:03 - 26:05airplanes and we launched an AM Ram
-
26:05 - 26:08long-range air-to-air missile out of the
-
26:08 - 26:13internal web space the yf-22 had clearly
-
26:13 - 26:15shown that in every category
-
26:15 - 26:17it was far superior to any existing
-
26:17 - 26:22fighter the Air Force was was very
-
26:22 - 26:24impressed by what Lockheed had done
-
26:24 - 26:25their flight test program was very
-
26:25 - 26:30aggressive they flew hard and fast they
-
26:30 - 26:32flew many more hours and sorties than
-
26:32 - 26:34Northrop did and all of that gave the
-
26:34 - 26:36Air Force confidence that they knew what
-
26:36 - 26:38they were doing high confidence and they
-
26:38 - 26:41could build a superior airplane
-
26:44 - 26:47but it would be events in 1991 that
-
26:47 - 26:51would carve out the Raptors future
-
26:54 - 26:5722 minutes after midnight on January the
-
26:57 - 26:5917th 1991
-
26:59 - 27:03Lockheed's stealth f-117 spearheaded
-
27:03 - 27:05u.s. stripes against Saddam Hussein's
-
27:05 - 27:09regime the performance of Lockheed
-
27:09 - 27:11stealth bombers during Operation Desert
-
27:11 - 27:14Storm would give the company and its
-
27:14 - 27:16aircraft some priceless publicity
-
27:16 - 27:22I think clearly Lockheed was benefited
-
27:22 - 27:26in 1991 by the Gulf War where the f-117
-
27:26 - 27:28was it was a star performer and there
-
27:28 - 27:32were skeptics of stealth even as late as
-
27:32 - 27:36that that had to be beneficial to the
-
27:36 - 27:40program but another aircraft also
-
27:40 - 27:42emerged from the Gulf War with a glowing
-
27:42 - 27:45reputation
-
27:45 - 27:47you
-
27:49 - 27:53the f-15 the aircraft destined to be
-
27:53 - 27:55replaced by the ATF had emphatically
-
27:55 - 27:58confirmed its status as the foremost air
-
27:58 - 28:03superiority fighter in the world now it
-
28:03 - 28:04appeared that the need for an advanced
-
28:04 - 28:07stealthy fighter the f-22 might be
-
28:07 - 28:11totally unfounded it's all like the f-15
-
28:11 - 28:14wasn't any good it's good aircraft it's
-
28:14 - 28:16still a good aircraft it will be a good
-
28:16 - 28:18aircraft for years to come you could
-
28:18 - 28:20even just chew up the factory and keep
-
28:20 - 28:22building new f50 - why not
-
28:22 - 28:26yeah but not everyone agrees the big
-
28:26 - 28:29weakness in their argument is they are
-
28:29 - 28:30making a statement about world
-
28:30 - 28:32conditions today and what the threats
-
28:32 - 28:35are today the real issue is what
-
28:35 - 28:39capability you want for 2025 or 2030 the
-
28:39 - 28:41people who say you don't need this they
-
28:41 - 28:43think the world is not going to change
-
28:43 - 28:46in the next 20 years and that is a hell
-
28:46 - 28:51of an assertion by April 1991 bogged
-
28:51 - 28:54down by the f-15 debate the US Air Force
-
28:54 - 28:56prepares to announce the winner of the
-
28:56 - 28:59Advanced Tactical Fighter contract but
-
28:59 - 29:01would the Raptor emerge from the
-
29:01 - 29:05controversy unscathed
-
29:11 - 29:15on April the 1st 1991 the US Air Force
-
29:15 - 29:18awarded a nine and a half billion dollar
-
29:18 - 29:20contract to the Lockheed Boeing General
-
29:20 - 29:22Dynamics team responsible for the
-
29:22 - 29:28winning f-22 Raptor design having won
-
29:28 - 29:30the contract Lockheed announced that it
-
29:30 - 29:32intended to locate the f-22 s
-
29:32 - 29:34headquarters in Georgia where the
-
29:34 - 29:37Raptors forward fuselage would be built
-
29:37 - 29:40General Dynamics were build the f-22s
-
29:40 - 29:42mid-body section in Fort Worth Texas and
-
29:42 - 29:45Boeing would manufacture the wings and
-
29:45 - 29:49tail in Seattle Washington
-
29:51 - 29:54but just eight months after the contract
-
29:54 - 29:56was awarded the program hit its first
-
29:56 - 30:00major snag we lost one of the yf-22
-
30:00 - 30:02fortunately the test pilot who was a
-
30:02 - 30:04good friend of mine then and now walked
-
30:04 - 30:09away unharmed during preliminary testing
-
30:09 - 30:11the unthinkable happened
-
30:11 - 30:15a yf-22 flown by Tom Morgan fell crashed
-
30:15 - 30:18just after takeoff
-
30:20 - 30:23as this unique footage shows the
-
30:23 - 30:24aircraft's thrust vectoring system
-
30:24 - 30:29forces it to belly land on the runway a
-
30:29 - 30:33key element of the Raptors design thrust
-
30:33 - 30:35vectoring uses movable exhaust nozzles
-
30:35 - 30:37to alter the angle of thrust from the
-
30:37 - 30:40two Pratt & Whitney engines
-
30:40 - 30:43as the Raptor makes its low-level flyby
-
30:43 - 30:46Tom Morgan felt keeps the stick forward
-
30:46 - 30:49to keep the nose down but as the landing
-
30:49 - 30:51gear is retracted the thrust vectoring
-
30:51 - 30:54engages and pushes the aircraft towards
-
30:54 - 30:56the tarmac as the pilot struggles to
-
30:56 - 30:58correct this change in direction the
-
30:58 - 31:06Raptor C soars the fundamental error
-
31:06 - 31:07there had nothing to do with the
-
31:07 - 31:10airplane it had to do with the fact that
-
31:10 - 31:13you don't fly a green airplane and fly
-
31:13 - 31:16it at low speeds at low altitudes the
-
31:16 - 31:18cause of that accident was stupidity on
-
31:18 - 31:19the part of the management it had
-
31:19 - 31:22nothing to do with technology
-
31:22 - 31:24despite the loss of the stealth aircraft
-
31:24 - 31:29the program had achieved its major goals
-
31:29 - 31:33ten million man-hours of analysis four
-
31:33 - 31:35thousand hours of radar testing and
-
31:35 - 31:37hundreds of hours of flight testing had
-
31:37 - 31:39gone into the development of the
-
31:39 - 31:41aircraft even before construction was
-
31:41 - 31:44given the going
-
31:44 - 31:48in fact the f-22 has accomplished more
-
31:48 - 31:50flight testing than any other fighter
-
31:50 - 31:56prior to full-scale production the first
-
31:56 - 31:59fa20 to built for the US Air Force was
-
31:59 - 32:01unveiled in a ceremony on April the 9th
-
32:01 - 32:041997 at the company's headquarters in
-
32:04 - 32:07Marietta Georgia
-
32:10 - 32:12now Air Force pilots would get the
-
32:12 - 32:14opportunity to check up the new aircraft
-
32:14 - 32:19for themselves I would call the Raptor
-
32:19 - 32:21the Miss America while aircraft it's got
-
32:21 - 32:22the talent it's got the bikini contest
-
32:22 - 32:25one it's beautiful it's got all the
-
32:25 - 32:27capabilities it really wins the show in
-
32:27 - 32:30every aspect the airplane is eye
-
32:30 - 32:34watering it it does everything the pilot
-
32:34 - 32:37asked of it and it is very good at what
-
32:37 - 32:41it does first flown by the Air Force in
-
32:41 - 32:441997 pilots at Edwards Air Force Base
-
32:44 - 32:46have surpassed 2,000 flight test hours
-
32:46 - 32:50in more than 900 missions
-
32:54 - 32:57the first time I went out one effe 22 me
-
32:57 - 33:02against four f-16s and they told me what
-
33:02 - 33:03they were going to do they were going to
-
33:03 - 33:06do everything possible to defeat my
-
33:06 - 33:10systems and I watched exactly what they
-
33:10 - 33:14did the entire time and shot them all
-
33:15 - 33:17it was almost too easy now it's almost
-
33:17 - 33:20laughing in the cockpit
-
33:20 - 33:23one of the key advances in the Raptors
-
33:23 - 33:26design is its advanced cockpit and
-
33:26 - 33:31integrated avionics systems but I think
-
33:31 - 33:33really where the Raptor gets its amazing
-
33:33 - 33:36capability is the fusion of all of the
-
33:36 - 33:37different sensors on the aircraft you
-
33:37 - 33:40have a tactical scope that combines the
-
33:40 - 33:41information of all the other sensors on
-
33:41 - 33:43the aircraft into one display for the
-
33:43 - 33:46pilot so as a pilot you don't have to
-
33:46 - 33:48sort through the radar or another sensor
-
33:48 - 33:50to see what's going on around you
-
33:50 - 33:52information this power and the way this
-
33:52 - 33:54airplane displays information to you it
-
33:54 - 33:55gives you knowledge of the battlespace
-
33:55 - 33:58it's all about seeing what's out there
-
33:58 - 33:59in front of you and being able to make
-
33:59 - 34:01decisions about what to engage when to
-
34:01 - 34:04engage and how to engage it I'd say
-
34:04 - 34:07integrated avionics does two things for
-
34:07 - 34:08me
-
34:08 - 34:10number one it makes me a lot safer it
-
34:10 - 34:13gives me less chance to crash my jet it
-
34:13 - 34:15also makes every pilot who flies this
-
34:15 - 34:18aircraft more deadly instead of having
-
34:18 - 34:21to do six or eight steps to achieve a
-
34:21 - 34:25kill you really only have to do one
-
34:25 - 34:28the raptor carries a formidable array of
-
34:28 - 34:34ordnance all of the Raptors weapons are
-
34:34 - 34:37housed inside the aircraft two bays at
-
34:37 - 34:39the bottom of the plane utilize a
-
34:39 - 34:41pneumatic style hydraulic launcher that
-
34:41 - 34:43literally punched the missiles or
-
34:43 - 34:46Jaden's out of the aircraft with a force
-
34:46 - 34:51of 40 G and to side Bay's how's
-
34:51 - 34:54air-to-air missiles here a trapeze
-
34:54 - 34:56launcher moves the missile outside the
-
34:56 - 34:59airframe very rapidly a fraction of a
-
34:59 - 35:02second before the missile is fired and
-
35:02 - 35:05to complement the Raptors armament of
-
35:05 - 35:07eight missiles the fighter also has a
-
35:07 - 35:10gun at one point in the evolution of the
-
35:10 - 35:13advanced tactical fighter program the US
-
35:13 - 35:14Air Force had raised the question of
-
35:14 - 35:18eliminating the gun to save weight
-
35:19 - 35:22I think that the designers of the FA 22
-
35:22 - 35:25realized mistakes of the past like the F
-
35:25 - 35:26for initially being designed without a
-
35:26 - 35:28gun and realize that you should never
-
35:28 - 35:31say never about a threat that you're
-
35:31 - 35:32going to face or a situation you're
-
35:32 - 35:34gonna find yourself in and so the raptor
-
35:34 - 35:36has designed itself a gun will anybody
-
35:36 - 35:38get close enough for us to use the gun
-
35:38 - 35:42well hopefully not probably not by the
-
35:42 - 35:44late 90s pilots in the Raptor program
-
35:44 - 35:46were convinced that their aircraft was
-
35:46 - 35:49made of the right stuff that would
-
35:49 - 35:51easily be able to outperform and destroy
-
35:51 - 35:54any other fighter in existence
-
35:54 - 35:56it is the sum of the parts that makes
-
35:56 - 35:59the FA 22 so capable probably most
-
35:59 - 36:02important in my eyes is the stealth
-
36:02 - 36:05having an aircraft that nobody can see
-
36:05 - 36:08is just a tremendous tremendous
-
36:08 - 36:11advantage the speed the maneuverability
-
36:11 - 36:14the precision all those factors are
-
36:14 - 36:17incredible also so when you put
-
36:17 - 36:19everything together the Raptor is just
-
36:19 - 36:21incredible
-
36:21 - 36:24but this belief was exclusively based on
-
36:24 - 36:26controlled flight and missile firing
-
36:26 - 36:30exercises what the Raptors pilots really
-
36:30 - 36:33needed was combat experience and they
-
36:33 - 36:38were about to get it before the FA 22
-
36:38 - 36:40Raptor enters operational service with
-
36:40 - 36:43the US Air Force in the autumn of 2005
-
36:43 - 36:45it will have completed thousands of
-
36:45 - 36:49hours of vigorous combat testing
-
36:49 - 36:52but since Desert Storm critics of the
-
36:52 - 36:55f-22 program claim that the f-15 Eagle
-
36:55 - 36:57destined to be replaced by the Raptor
-
36:57 - 37:00already has the attributes necessary to
-
37:00 - 37:01remain the world's pre-eminent air
-
37:01 - 37:04superiority fighter well into the new
-
37:04 - 37:06millennium
-
37:11 - 37:16it is a view dismissed by the US efforts
-
37:16 - 37:21if you look at the f-15 the f-18 and
-
37:21 - 37:24compare it with existing fighters that
-
37:24 - 37:28are sold around the world today you'll
-
37:28 - 37:30find that today we're almost at Perry if
-
37:30 - 37:33we ever run up against an enemy that has
-
37:33 - 37:36the ability in terms of the aircrew to
-
37:36 - 37:39use those enemy fighters we will have a
-
37:39 - 37:43tough time with the current generation
-
37:44 - 37:46the f-15 is a great aircraft and in
-
37:46 - 37:48air-to-air it is outstanding however
-
37:48 - 37:50with the production of new fighters that
-
37:50 - 37:53are being produced today and also some
-
37:53 - 37:55service to air threats there are
-
37:55 - 37:57situations in the f-15 that would make
-
37:57 - 37:59me nervous
-
38:03 - 38:08in March 2003 supporters of the f-15 got
-
38:08 - 38:10the opportunity to see whether or not
-
38:10 - 38:12the eagle was still the best fighter in
-
38:12 - 38:21the sky five f-15s would go head-to-head
-
38:21 - 38:25with a single Raptor
-
38:26 - 38:28although no missiles would be used
-
38:28 - 38:30during the exercise the sorties would
-
38:30 - 38:33closely resemble actual combat no
-
38:33 - 38:36quarter would be given by either side
-
38:36 - 38:39this was a kill-or-be-killed
-
38:39 - 38:42exercise there were five of us Ares in
-
38:42 - 38:45and me and my biggest concern was
-
38:45 - 38:48running out of weapons too soon
-
38:48 - 38:51all five f-15s are flown by experienced
-
38:51 - 38:56f-22 pilots one by one the rapt brings
-
38:56 - 39:00them down I could never see them I never
-
39:00 - 39:03knew that they were there and I died you
-
39:03 - 39:05got stuck
-
39:06 - 39:08roll up I could hear him on the radio
-
39:08 - 39:11calling his simulated missile shots Fox
-
39:11 - 39:15tube and knowing that this was getting
-
39:15 - 39:17really unnerving because I could also
-
39:17 - 39:19tell his range was was closing rapidly
-
39:19 - 39:27on me I don't think anybody ever saw me
-
39:27 - 39:28the entire time
-
39:28 - 39:30that while we were on the air space
-
39:30 - 39:33bandit bandit
-
39:33 - 39:35could not find him no matter what I did
-
39:35 - 39:37and the next time was when he flew
-
39:37 - 39:38directly over the top of my hair from my
-
39:38 - 39:41soaring vision
-
39:43 - 39:45I know firsthand from flying the Raptor
-
39:45 - 39:47against other aircraft and flying other
-
39:47 - 39:49aircraft against the Raptor that it's
-
39:49 - 39:52like clubbing baby seals it's so easy
-
39:52 - 39:55the first indication you have that the
-
39:55 - 39:58net pay 22 is out in your area of
-
39:58 - 40:00responsibility is when you are in your
-
40:00 - 40:02parachute heading down towards earth and
-
40:02 - 40:03your your jet is falling a little bit
-
40:03 - 40:06faster than you are
-
40:07 - 40:11in combat testing with f-15s the fa 22
-
40:11 - 40:13Raptor has emphatically proven its
-
40:13 - 40:15doubters wrong
-
40:16 - 40:18there been times when the rapture has
-
40:18 - 40:22gone up to vs. 8 against f15 and it ends
-
40:22 - 40:25up being boring for the adversaries
-
40:25 - 40:27because no matter what they do they die
-
40:27 - 40:30having flown the f-15 and now having
-
40:30 - 40:32flown the Raptor and seeing combat I
-
40:32 - 40:33would not want to be on the receiving
-
40:33 - 40:37end of what the fa 23 was capable we
-
40:37 - 40:40will take on anything any combination of
-
40:40 - 40:43the latest the latest aircraft that we
-
40:43 - 40:45can throw it ourselves and we usually
-
40:45 - 40:52win today 27 fa 22 Raptors have been
-
40:52 - 40:54delivered to the US air force and are in
-
40:54 - 40:57limited operation at Edwards Nellis and
-
40:57 - 41:01Tyndall Air Force bases many more will
-
41:01 - 41:03follow
-
41:03 - 41:06the air force has agreed to a final
-
41:06 - 41:09production run of almost 300 aircraft I
-
41:09 - 41:13think 300 FA 20s will tip the scales of
-
41:13 - 41:16any conflict in our favor I think that
-
41:16 - 41:20any country who sees 300 FA 22s flying
-
41:20 - 41:22towards it has got to get a little
-
41:22 - 41:24nervous
-
41:24 - 41:26Lockheed expects that a full production
-
41:26 - 41:29rate of 60 aircraft per year will have
-
41:29 - 41:31been achieved by the end of 2004 and
-
41:31 - 41:34with components and parts coming from
-
41:34 - 41:37four to six congressional states the fa
-
41:37 - 41:4322 is truly a national effort costing a
-
41:43 - 41:46massive 93 million dollars each the
-
41:46 - 41:48Raptor is certainly the world's most
-
41:48 - 41:51expensive fighter aircraft but for many
-
41:51 - 41:54it is money well spent
-
41:54 - 41:56yeah this is something special this was
-
41:56 - 41:58not like an f15 on steroids or an f-16
-
41:58 - 42:00on steroids this is the real thing with
-
42:00 - 42:03a leap of technology that's orders of
-
42:03 - 42:04magnitude better than what we have there
-
42:04 - 42:09the interesting thing about the f-22
-
42:09 - 42:12though is it is a fixed volume with an
-
42:12 - 42:15infinitely increasing ability in terms
-
42:15 - 42:17of its computer capabilities if you
-
42:17 - 42:19think about the airplane has fixed holes
-
42:19 - 42:21in the sides of the fuselage where
-
42:21 - 42:24computers sit today in the future there
-
42:24 - 42:26will be more computer capacity that
-
42:26 - 42:28requires less power going in that same
-
42:28 - 42:31physical hole so the fa20 to over the
-
42:31 - 42:33course of life will become a more and
-
42:33 - 42:35more flexible and warm more potent
-
42:35 - 42:40machine as computer capacity increases
-
42:41 - 42:45America's fa20 to Raptor was created out
-
42:45 - 42:47of the Cold War fear that Russian made
-
42:47 - 42:52fighters would sweep aside the f-15
-
42:53 - 42:56but the world has changed since the
-
42:56 - 42:59frigid days of the Cold War
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43:01 - 43:04the Soviet Union no longer exists and
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43:04 - 43:06the f-15 has more than earned the fear
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43:06 - 43:09and respected commands as the current
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43:09 - 43:13frontline fighter for the US Air Force
-
43:14 - 43:19but the Raptor Lockheed's fa20 - looks
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43:19 - 43:22all set to carry US air force doctrine
-
43:22 - 43:28well into the 21st century I'd be
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43:28 - 43:31terrified to to go into the arena with
-
43:31 - 43:31something like that
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43:31 - 43:35I really would I've been on the
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43:35 - 43:37receiving end of it in testing and
-
43:37 - 43:39mentally translated myself to what if
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43:39 - 43:42this was combat and it is a unnerving na
-
43:42 - 43:46a disquieting feeling to fly in the same
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43:46 - 43:47airspace with more these airlines I
-
43:47 - 43:50would say that it's not fair to our
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43:50 - 43:52enemies or even our own technology to
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43:52 - 43:54fight against the Raptor but the goal of
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43:54 - 43:55war isn't fair that we don't go into
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43:55 - 43:58combat because we want a fair fight
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43:58 - 44:00we want to win as fast as possible with
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44:00 - 44:02as little loss of life as possible and
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44:02 - 44:04the Raptor allows that to do that for
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44:04 - 44:06generations to come
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44:06 - 44:09in today's changing world there are few
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44:09 - 44:12certainties but the rule of the Raptor
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44:12 - 44:15America's air dominance fighter over the
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44:15 - 44:19skies is one of them
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44:21 - 0:00you
- Title:
- Sandbox
- Description:
-
You can use this Sandbox to try out things with the Amara tool.
The video that is primarily streaming here is http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU2kyr9jRkg , which is completely blank. But you can go to the URLs tab to add the URL of another video and make it primary.
Please remember to download your subtitles if you want to keep them, as they will get deleted - and the streaming URL reverted to the blank video if you changed it - after a week or two,
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- Captions Requested
- Duration:
- 01:46:39
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
koma edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
koma edited English subtitles for Sandbox | ||
Claude Almansi edited English subtitles for Sandbox |
Claude Almansi
Revision 1 = provided subtitles for Lecture 1.2 of Prof. Scott Plous' Social Psychology course
Claude Almansi
Revision 1 = provided subtitles for Lecture 1.2 of Prof. Scott Plous' Social Psychology course
Claude Almansi
Revision 1 = provided subtitles for Lecture 1.2 of Prof. Scott Plous' Social Psychology course