What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy
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0:01 - 0:03My name is Nanfu.
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0:03 - 0:06In Chinese, "nan" means "man."
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0:07 - 0:09And "fu" means "pillar."
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0:10 - 0:12My family had hoped for a boy,
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0:12 - 0:15who would grow up
to be the pillar of the family. -
0:16 - 0:18And when I turned out to be a girl,
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0:18 - 0:20they named me Nanfu anyway.
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0:20 - 0:21(Laughter)
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0:21 - 0:24I was born in 1985,
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0:24 - 0:27six years before China announced
its one-child policy. -
0:29 - 0:31Right after I was born,
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0:31 - 0:35the local officials came
and ordered my mom to be sterilized. -
0:37 - 0:39My grandpa stood up to the officials,
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0:39 - 0:43because he wanted a grandson
to carry on the family name. -
0:44 - 0:48Eventually, my parents were allowed
to have a second child, -
0:48 - 0:50but they had to wait for five years
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0:50 - 0:52and pay a substantial fine.
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0:54 - 0:57Growing up, my brother and I
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0:57 - 1:00were surrounded by children
from one-child families. -
1:01 - 1:04I remember feeling a sense of shame
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1:04 - 1:06because I had a younger brother.
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1:07 - 1:11I felt like our family did something wrong
for having two children. -
1:12 - 1:14At the time, I didn't question
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1:14 - 1:17where this sense of shame
and guilt came from. -
1:19 - 1:22A year and a half ago,
I had my own first child. -
1:23 - 1:26It was the best thing
that ever happened in my life. -
1:27 - 1:28Becoming a mother
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1:28 - 1:32gave me a totally new perspective
on my own childhood, -
1:32 - 1:36and it brought back
my memories of early life in China. -
1:37 - 1:40For the past three decades,
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1:40 - 1:44everyone in my family had to apply
for a permission from the government -
1:44 - 1:46to have a child.
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1:46 - 1:48And I wondered
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1:48 - 1:52what it was like for people
who lived under the one-child policy. -
1:52 - 1:55So I decided to make
a documentary about it. -
1:57 - 1:59One of the people I interviewed
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1:59 - 2:04was the midwife who delivered
all of the babies born in my village, -
2:04 - 2:05including myself.
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2:06 - 2:10She was 84 years old
when I interviewed her. -
2:10 - 2:12I asked her,
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2:12 - 2:16"Do you remember how many babies
you delivered throughout your career?" -
2:16 - 2:19She didn't have a number for deliveries.
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2:20 - 2:23She said she had performed
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2:23 - 2:2760,000 forced abortions
and sterilizations. -
2:29 - 2:31Sometimes, she said,
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2:31 - 2:34a late-term fetus
would survive an abortion, -
2:34 - 2:37and she would kill the baby
after delivering it. -
2:37 - 2:41She remembered how her hands would tremble
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2:41 - 2:43as she did the work.
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2:44 - 2:45Her story shocked me.
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2:46 - 2:48When I set out to make the film,
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2:48 - 2:53I expected it would be a simple story
of perpetrators and victims. -
2:53 - 2:55People who carried out the policy
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2:55 - 2:57and people who are living
with the consequences. -
2:58 - 3:00But that wasn't what I saw.
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3:00 - 3:03As I was finishing
my interview with the midwife, -
3:03 - 3:06I noticed an area in her house
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3:06 - 3:10that was decorated
with elaborate homemade flags. -
3:10 - 3:13And each flag has a picture
of a baby on it. -
3:14 - 3:17These were flags
that were sent by families -
3:17 - 3:21whom she helped treat
their infertility problems. -
3:22 - 3:24She explained that she had had enough
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3:24 - 3:27of performing abortions
and sterilizations -- -
3:27 - 3:32that the only work she did now
was to help families have babies. -
3:33 - 3:35She said she was full of guilt
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3:35 - 3:38for carrying out the one-child policy,
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3:38 - 3:41and she hoped that by helping
families have babies, -
3:41 - 3:44she could counteract
what she did in the past. -
3:45 - 3:50It became clear to me
she, too, was a victim of the policy. -
3:51 - 3:54Every voice was telling her
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3:54 - 3:57that what she did was right
and necessary for China's survival. -
3:58 - 4:01And she did what she thought
was right for her country. -
4:02 - 4:05I know how strong that message was.
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4:05 - 4:08It was everywhere
around myself when I grew up. -
4:08 - 4:11It was printed on matches,
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4:11 - 4:13playing cards,
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4:13 - 4:15textbooks, posters.
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4:15 - 4:17The propaganda praising
the one-child policy -
4:17 - 4:19was everywhere around us.
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4:19 - 4:22[Anyone who refuses to sterilize
will be arrested.] -
4:22 - 4:24And so were the threats
against disobeying it. -
4:24 - 4:26The message seeped into our minds
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4:26 - 4:30so much so that I grew up
feeling embarrassed -
4:30 - 4:31for having a younger brother.
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4:34 - 4:36With each person I filmed,
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4:38 - 4:44I saw how their minds and hearts
can be influenced by the propaganda, -
4:44 - 4:48and how their willingness
to make sacrifices for the greater good -
4:48 - 4:52can be twisted into something
very dark and tragic. -
4:52 - 4:56China is not the only place
where this happens. -
4:56 - 5:02There is no country on earth
where propaganda isn't present. -
5:02 - 5:07And in societies that are supposed to be
more open and free than China, -
5:07 - 5:11it can be even harder to recognize
what propaganda looks like. -
5:12 - 5:15It hides in plain sight as news reports,
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5:15 - 5:19TV commercials, political campaigning
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5:19 - 5:21and in our social media feeds.
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5:22 - 5:26It works to change our minds
without our knowledge. -
5:28 - 5:33Every society is vulnerable
to accepting propaganda as truth, -
5:33 - 5:36and no society where propaganda
replaces the truth -
5:36 - 5:38can be truly free.
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5:38 - 5:40Thank you.
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5:40 - 5:44(Applause)
- Title:
- What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy
- Speaker:
- Nanfu Wang
- Description:
-
China's one-child policy ended in 2015, but we're just beginning to understand what it was like to live under the program, says TED Fellow and documentary filmmaker Nanfu Wang. With footage from her film "One Child Nation," she shares untold stories that reveal the policy's complex consequences and expose the creeping power of propaganda.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 05:56
Oliver Friedman edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Brian Greene edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Oliver Friedman approved English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Oliver Friedman edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Krystian Aparta accepted English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Krystian Aparta edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Krystian Aparta edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy | ||
Ivana Korom edited English subtitles for What it was like to grow up under China's one-child policy |