3 stories of local eco-entrepreneurship
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0:01 - 0:04So today, I'm going to tell you about some people
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0:04 - 0:07who didn't move out of their neighborhoods.
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0:07 - 0:10The first one is happening right here in Chicago.
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0:10 - 0:12Brenda Palms-Farber was hired
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0:12 - 0:15to help ex-convicts reenter society
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0:15 - 0:17and keep them from going back into prison.
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0:17 - 0:19Currently, taxpayers spend
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0:19 - 0:22about 60,000 dollars per year
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0:22 - 0:24sending a person to jail.
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0:24 - 0:26We know that two-thirds of them are going to go back.
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0:26 - 0:28I find it interesting that, for every one dollar
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0:28 - 0:30we spend, however, on early childhood education,
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0:30 - 0:32like Head Start,
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0:32 - 0:34we save 17 dollars
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0:34 - 0:37on stuff like incarceration in the future.
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0:37 - 0:39Or -- think about it -- that 60,000 dollars
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0:39 - 0:41is more than what it costs
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0:41 - 0:43to send one person to Harvard as well.
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0:43 - 0:46But Brenda, not being phased by stuff like that,
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0:46 - 0:48took a look at her challenge
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0:48 - 0:50and came up
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0:50 - 0:52with a not-so-obvious solution:
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0:52 - 0:54create a business
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0:54 - 0:57that produces skin care products from honey.
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0:57 - 0:59Okay, it might be obvious to some of you; it wasn't to me.
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0:59 - 1:02It's the basis of growing a form of social innovation
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1:02 - 1:04that has real potential.
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1:04 - 1:07She hired seemingly unemployable men and women
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1:07 - 1:09to care for the bees, harvest the honey
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1:09 - 1:11and make value-added products
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1:11 - 1:13that they marketed themselves,
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1:13 - 1:15and that were later sold at Whole Foods.
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1:15 - 1:18She combined employment experience and training
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1:18 - 1:20with life skills they needed,
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1:20 - 1:22like anger-management and teamwork,
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1:22 - 1:25and also how to talk to future employers
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1:25 - 1:27about how their experiences
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1:27 - 1:29actually demonstrated the lessons that they had learned
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1:29 - 1:31and their eagerness to learn more.
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1:31 - 1:33Less than four percent
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1:33 - 1:35of the folks that went through her program
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1:35 - 1:37actually go back to jail.
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1:37 - 1:40So these young men and women learned job-readiness
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1:40 - 1:42and life skills through bee keeping
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1:42 - 1:45and became productive citizens in the process.
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1:45 - 1:48Talk about a sweet beginning.
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1:48 - 1:50Now, I'm going to take you to Los Angeles,
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1:50 - 1:52and lots of people know
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1:52 - 1:54that L.A. has its issues.
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1:54 - 1:57But I'm going to talk about L.A.'s water issues right now.
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1:57 - 1:59They have not enough water on most days
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1:59 - 2:02and too much to handle when it rains.
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2:02 - 2:04Currently, 20 percent
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2:04 - 2:06of California's energy consumption
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2:06 - 2:08is used to pump water
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2:08 - 2:10into mostly Southern California.
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2:10 - 2:12Their spending loads, loads,
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2:12 - 2:14to channel that rainwater out into the ocean
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2:14 - 2:16when it rains and floods as well.
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2:16 - 2:18Now Andy Lipkis is working to help
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2:18 - 2:20L.A. cut infrastructure costs
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2:20 - 2:23associated with water management and urban heat island --
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2:23 - 2:26linking trees, people and technology
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2:26 - 2:28to create a more livable city.
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2:28 - 2:31All that green stuff actually naturally absorbs storm water,
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2:31 - 2:33also helps cool our cities.
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2:33 - 2:35Because, come to think about it,
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2:35 - 2:37do you really want air-conditioning,
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2:37 - 2:39or is it a cooler room that you want?
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2:39 - 2:42How you get it shouldn't make that much of a difference.
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2:42 - 2:44So a few years ago,
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2:44 - 2:46L.A. County
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2:46 - 2:49decided that they needed to spend 2.5 billion dollars
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2:49 - 2:52to repair the city schools.
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2:52 - 2:54And Andy and his team discovered
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2:54 - 2:57that they were going to spend 200 million of those dollars
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2:57 - 3:00on asphalt to surround the schools themselves.
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3:00 - 3:03And by presenting a really strong economic case,
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3:03 - 3:05they convinced the L.A. government
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3:05 - 3:07that replacing that asphalt
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3:07 - 3:09with trees and other greenery,
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3:09 - 3:12that the schools themselves would save the system more on energy
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3:12 - 3:15than they spend on horticultural infrastructure.
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3:16 - 3:18So ultimately, 20 million square feet of asphalt
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3:18 - 3:20was replaced or avoided,
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3:20 - 3:23and electrical consumption for air-conditioning went down,
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3:23 - 3:25while employment
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3:25 - 3:28for people to maintain those grounds went up,
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3:28 - 3:30resulting in a net-savings to the system,
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3:30 - 3:33but also healthier students and schools system employees as well.
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3:34 - 3:36Now Judy Bonds
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3:36 - 3:38is a coal miner's daughter.
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3:38 - 3:40Her family has eight generations
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3:40 - 3:43in a town called Whitesville, West Virginia.
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3:43 - 3:45And if anyone should be clinging
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3:45 - 3:47to the former glory of the coal mining history,
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3:47 - 3:49and of the town,
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3:49 - 3:51it should be Judy.
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3:51 - 3:53But the way coal is mined right now is different
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3:53 - 3:55from the deep mines that her father
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3:55 - 3:57and her father's father would go down into
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3:57 - 4:00and that employed essentially thousands and thousands of people.
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4:00 - 4:02Now, two dozen men
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4:02 - 4:04can tear down a mountain in several months,
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4:04 - 4:07and only for about a few years' worth of coal.
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4:07 - 4:10That kind of technology is called "mountaintop removal."
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4:10 - 4:13It can make a mountain go from this to this
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4:13 - 4:15in a few short months.
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4:15 - 4:17Just imagine that the air surrounding these places --
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4:17 - 4:20it's filled with the residue of explosives and coal.
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4:20 - 4:22When we visited, it gave some of the people we were with
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4:22 - 4:24this strange little cough
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4:24 - 4:26after being only there for just a few hours or so --
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4:26 - 4:28not just miners, but everybody.
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4:28 - 4:30And Judy saw her landscape being destroyed
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4:30 - 4:32and her water poisoned.
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4:32 - 4:34And the coal companies just move on
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4:34 - 4:36after the mountain was emptied,
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4:36 - 4:38leaving even more unemployment in their wake.
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4:38 - 4:41But she also saw the difference in potential wind energy
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4:41 - 4:43on an intact mountain,
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4:43 - 4:45and one that was reduced in elevation
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4:45 - 4:47by over 2,000 feet.
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4:47 - 4:50Three years of dirty energy with not many jobs,
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4:50 - 4:52or centuries of clean energy
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4:52 - 4:55with the potential for developing expertise and improvements in efficiency
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4:55 - 4:57based on technical skills,
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4:57 - 4:59and developing local knowledge
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4:59 - 5:01about how to get the most out of that region's wind.
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5:01 - 5:03She calculated the up-front cost
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5:03 - 5:05and the payback over time,
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5:05 - 5:07and it's a net-plus on so many levels
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5:07 - 5:10for the local, national and global economy.
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5:10 - 5:13It's a longer payback than mountaintop removal,
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5:13 - 5:16but the wind energy actually pays back forever.
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5:16 - 5:19Now mountaintop removal pays very little money to the locals,
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5:19 - 5:21and it gives them a lot of misery.
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5:21 - 5:23The water is turned into goo.
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5:23 - 5:25Most people are still unemployed,
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5:25 - 5:27leading to most of the same kinds of social problems
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5:27 - 5:30that unemployed people in inner cities also experience --
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5:30 - 5:32drug and alcohol abuse,
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5:32 - 5:35domestic abuse, teen pregnancy and poor heath, as well.
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5:35 - 5:37Now Judy and I -- I have to say --
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5:37 - 5:39totally related to each other.
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5:39 - 5:41Not quite an obvious alliance.
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5:41 - 5:43I mean, literally, her hometown is called Whitesville, West Virginia.
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5:43 - 5:45I mean, they are not --
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5:45 - 5:48they ain't competing for the birthplace of hip hop title
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5:48 - 5:50or anything like that.
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5:50 - 5:53But the back of my T-shirt, the one that she gave me,
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5:53 - 5:56says, "Save the endangered hillbillies."
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5:58 - 6:01So homegirls and hillbillies we got it together
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6:01 - 6:04and totally understand that this is what it's all about.
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6:04 - 6:06But just a few months ago,
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6:06 - 6:08Judy was diagnosed
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6:08 - 6:10with stage-three lung cancer.
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6:11 - 6:13Yeah.
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6:13 - 6:16And it has since moved to her bones and her brain.
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6:18 - 6:21And I just find it so bizarre
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6:21 - 6:23that she's suffering from the same thing
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6:23 - 6:26that she tried so hard to protect people from.
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6:26 - 6:28But her dream
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6:28 - 6:30of Coal River Mountain Wind
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6:30 - 6:32is her legacy.
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6:32 - 6:35And she might not
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6:35 - 6:38get to see that mountaintop.
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6:38 - 6:40But rather than writing
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6:40 - 6:42yet some kind of manifesto or something,
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6:42 - 6:44she's leaving behind
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6:44 - 6:46a business plan to make it happen.
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6:46 - 6:48That's what my homegirl is doing.
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6:48 - 6:50So I'm so proud of that.
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6:50 - 6:55(Applause)
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6:55 - 6:57But these three people
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6:57 - 6:59don't know each other,
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6:59 - 7:01but they do have an awful lot in common.
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7:01 - 7:03They're all problem solvers,
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7:03 - 7:05and they're just some of the many examples
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7:05 - 7:07that I really am privileged to see, meet and learn from
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7:07 - 7:09in the examples of the work that I do now.
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7:09 - 7:11I was really lucky to have them all featured
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7:11 - 7:13on my Corporation for Public Radio radio show
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7:13 - 7:15called ThePromisedLand.org.
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7:15 - 7:17Now they're all very practical visionaries.
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7:17 - 7:20They take a look at the demands that are out there --
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7:20 - 7:22beauty products, healthy schools, electricity --
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7:22 - 7:24and how the money's flowing to meet those demands.
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7:24 - 7:26And when the cheapest solutions
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7:26 - 7:28involve reducing the number of jobs,
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7:28 - 7:30you're left with unemployed people,
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7:30 - 7:32and those people aren't cheap.
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7:32 - 7:35In fact, they make up some of what I call the most expensive citizens,
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7:35 - 7:37and they include generationally impoverished,
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7:37 - 7:39traumatized vets returning from the Middle East,
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7:39 - 7:41people coming out of jail.
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7:41 - 7:43And for the veterans in particular,
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7:43 - 7:46the V.A. said there's a six-fold increase
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7:46 - 7:49in mental health pharmaceuticals by vets since 2003.
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7:49 - 7:51I think that number's probably going to go up.
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7:51 - 7:53They're not the largest number of people,
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7:53 - 7:55but they are some of the most expensive --
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7:55 - 7:58and in terms of the likelihood for domestic abuse, drug and alcohol abuse,
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7:58 - 8:01poor performance by their kids in schools
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8:01 - 8:03and also poor health as a result of stress.
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8:03 - 8:05So these three guys all understand
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8:05 - 8:07how to productively channel dollars
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8:07 - 8:09through our local economies
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8:09 - 8:11to meet existing market demands,
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8:11 - 8:13reduce the social problems that we have now
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8:13 - 8:16and prevent new problems in the future.
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8:16 - 8:18And there are plenty of other examples like that.
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8:18 - 8:21One problem: waste handling and unemployment.
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8:21 - 8:23Even when we think or talk about recycling,
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8:23 - 8:26lots of recyclable stuff ends up getting incinerated or in landfills
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8:26 - 8:29and leaving many municipalities, diversion rates --
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8:29 - 8:31they leave much to be recycled.
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8:31 - 8:34And where is this waste handled? Usually in poor communities.
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8:34 - 8:37And we know that eco-industrial business, these kinds of business models --
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8:37 - 8:40there's a model in Europe called the eco-industrial park,
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8:40 - 8:43where either the waste of one company is the raw material for another,
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8:43 - 8:45or you use recycled materials
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8:45 - 8:47to make goods that you can actually use and sell.
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8:47 - 8:50We can create these local markets and incentives
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8:50 - 8:52for recycled materials
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8:52 - 8:54to be used as raw materials for manufacturing.
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8:54 - 8:57And in my hometown, we actually tried to do one of these in the Bronx,
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8:57 - 9:00but our mayor decided what he wanted to see
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9:00 - 9:02was a jail on that same spot.
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9:02 - 9:05Fortunately -- because we wanted to create hundreds of jobs --
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9:05 - 9:07but after many years,
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9:07 - 9:09the city wanted to build a jail.
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9:09 - 9:12They've since abandoned that project, thank goodness.
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9:12 - 9:15Another problem: unhealthy food systems and unemployment.
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9:15 - 9:17Working-class and poor urban Americans
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9:17 - 9:19are not benefiting economically
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9:19 - 9:21from our current food system.
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9:21 - 9:23It relies too much on transportation,
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9:23 - 9:25chemical fertilization, big use of water
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9:25 - 9:27and also refrigeration.
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9:27 - 9:29Mega agricultural operations
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9:29 - 9:32often are responsible for poisoning our waterways and our land,
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9:32 - 9:35and it produces this incredibly unhealthy product
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9:35 - 9:37that costs us billions in healthcare
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9:37 - 9:39and lost productivity.
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9:39 - 9:41And so we know "urban ag"
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9:41 - 9:43is a big buzz topic this time of the year,
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9:43 - 9:45but it's mostly gardening,
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9:45 - 9:48which has some value in community building -- lots of it --
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9:48 - 9:50but it's not in terms of creating jobs
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9:50 - 9:52or for food production.
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9:52 - 9:54The numbers just aren't there.
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9:54 - 9:56Part of my work now is really laying the groundwork
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9:56 - 9:59to integrate urban ag and rural food systems
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9:59 - 10:02to hasten the demise of the 3,000-mile salad
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10:02 - 10:05by creating a national brand of urban-grown produce
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10:05 - 10:07in every city,
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10:07 - 10:09that uses regional growing power
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10:09 - 10:11and augments it with indoor growing facilities,
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10:11 - 10:13owned and operated by small growers,
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10:13 - 10:15where now there are only consumers.
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10:15 - 10:18This can support seasonal farmers around metro areas
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10:18 - 10:20who are losing out because they really can't meet
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10:20 - 10:23the year-round demand for produce.
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10:23 - 10:25It's not a competition with rural farm;
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10:25 - 10:27it's actually reinforcements.
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10:27 - 10:29It allies in a really positive
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10:29 - 10:31and economically viable food system.
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10:31 - 10:33The goal is to meet the cities' institutional demands
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10:33 - 10:35for hospitals,
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10:35 - 10:38senior centers, schools, daycare centers,
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10:38 - 10:41and produce a network of regional jobs, as well.
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10:41 - 10:43This is smart infrastructure.
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10:43 - 10:45And how we manage our built environment
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10:45 - 10:48affects the health and well-being of people every single day.
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10:48 - 10:50Our municipalities, rural and urban,
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10:50 - 10:53play the operational course of infrastructure --
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10:53 - 10:56things like waste disposal, energy demand,
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10:56 - 10:59as well as social costs of unemployment, drop-out rates, incarceration rates
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10:59 - 11:02and the impacts of various public health costs.
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11:02 - 11:05Smart infrastructure can provide cost-saving ways
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11:05 - 11:07for municipalities to handle
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11:07 - 11:09both infrastructure and social needs.
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11:09 - 11:11And we want to shift the systems
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11:11 - 11:14that open the doors for people who were formerly tax burdens
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11:14 - 11:16to become part of the tax base.
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11:16 - 11:18And imagine a national business model
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11:18 - 11:21that creates local jobs and smart infrastructure
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11:21 - 11:24to improve local economic stability.
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11:24 - 11:27So I'm hoping you can see a little theme here.
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11:27 - 11:29These examples indicate a trend.
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11:29 - 11:32I haven't created it, and it's not happening by accident.
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11:32 - 11:34I'm noticing that it's happening all over the country,
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11:34 - 11:36and the good news is that it's growing.
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11:36 - 11:38And we all need to be invested in it.
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11:38 - 11:41It is an essential pillar to this country's recovery.
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11:41 - 11:44And I call it "hometown security."
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11:44 - 11:47The recession has us reeling and fearful,
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11:47 - 11:49and there's something in the air these days
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11:49 - 11:51that is also very empowering.
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11:51 - 11:53It's a realization
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11:53 - 11:55that we are the key
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11:55 - 11:57to our own recovery.
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11:57 - 12:00Now is the time for us to act in our own communities
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12:00 - 12:03where we think local and we act local.
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12:03 - 12:05And when we do that, our neighbors --
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12:05 - 12:07be they next-door, or in the next state,
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12:07 - 12:09or in the next country --
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12:09 - 12:12will be just fine.
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12:12 - 12:15The sum of the local is the global.
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12:15 - 12:18Hometown security means rebuilding our natural defenses,
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12:18 - 12:20putting people to work,
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12:20 - 12:22restoring our natural systems.
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12:22 - 12:25Hometown security means creating wealth here at home,
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12:25 - 12:27instead of destroying it overseas.
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12:27 - 12:29Tackling social and environmental problems
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12:29 - 12:32at the same time with the same solution
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12:32 - 12:34yields great cost savings,
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12:34 - 12:37wealth generation and national security.
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12:37 - 12:39Many great and inspiring solutions
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12:39 - 12:41have been generated across America.
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12:41 - 12:43The challenge for us now
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12:43 - 12:46is to identify and support countless more.
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12:46 - 12:49Now, hometown security is about taking care of your own,
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12:49 - 12:51but it's not like the old saying,
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12:51 - 12:54"charity begins at home."
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12:54 - 12:57I recently read a book called "Love Leadership" by John Hope Bryant.
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12:57 - 12:59And it's about leading in a world
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12:59 - 13:02that really does seem to be operating on the basis of fear.
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13:02 - 13:05And reading that book made me reexamine that theory
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13:05 - 13:08because I need to explain what I mean by that.
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13:08 - 13:10See, my dad
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13:10 - 13:12was a great, great man in many ways.
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13:12 - 13:14He grew up in the segregated South,
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13:14 - 13:16escaped lynching and all that
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13:16 - 13:18during some really hard times,
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13:18 - 13:21and he provided a really stable home for me and my siblings
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13:21 - 13:24and a whole bunch of other people that fell on hard times.
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13:25 - 13:28But, like all of us, he had some problems.
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13:28 - 13:30(Laughter)
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13:30 - 13:32And his was gambling,
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13:32 - 13:34compulsively.
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13:34 - 13:37To him that phrase, "Charity begins at home,"
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13:37 - 13:40meant that my payday -- or someone else's --
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13:40 - 13:42would just happen to coincide with his lucky day.
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13:42 - 13:44So you need to help him out.
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13:44 - 13:46And sometimes I would loan him money
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13:46 - 13:49from my after-school or summer jobs,
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13:49 - 13:51and he always had the great intention
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13:51 - 13:53of paying me back with interest,
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13:53 - 13:55of course, after he hit it big.
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13:55 - 13:57And he did sometimes, believe it or not,
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13:57 - 13:59at a racetrack in Los Angeles --
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13:59 - 14:02one reason to love L.A. -- back in the 1940s.
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14:02 - 14:04He made 15,000 dollars cash
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14:04 - 14:06and bought the house that I grew up in.
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14:06 - 14:08So I'm not that unhappy about that.
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14:08 - 14:11But listen, I did feel obligated to him,
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14:11 - 14:14and I grew up -- then I grew up.
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14:14 - 14:16And I'm a grown woman now,
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14:16 - 14:18and I have learned a few things along the way.
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14:18 - 14:20To me, charity
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14:20 - 14:22often is just about giving,
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14:22 - 14:24because you're supposed to,
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14:24 - 14:26or because it's what you've always done,
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14:26 - 14:29or it's about giving until it hurts.
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14:29 - 14:31I'm about providing the means
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14:31 - 14:33to build something that will grow
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14:33 - 14:36and intensify its original investment
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14:36 - 14:38and not just require greater giving next year --
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14:38 - 14:40I'm not trying to feed the habit.
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14:40 - 14:42I spent some years
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14:42 - 14:45watching how good intentions for community empowerment,
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14:45 - 14:47that were supposed to be there
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14:47 - 14:50to support the community and empower it,
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14:50 - 14:52actually left people
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14:52 - 14:55in the same, if not worse, position that they were in before.
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14:55 - 14:57And over the past 20 years,
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14:57 - 14:59we've spent record amounts of philanthropic dollars
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14:59 - 15:01on social problems,
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15:01 - 15:03yet educational outcomes,
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15:03 - 15:05malnutrition, incarceration,
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15:05 - 15:07obesity, diabetes, income disparity,
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15:07 - 15:10they've all gone up with some exceptions --
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15:10 - 15:13in particular, infant mortality
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15:13 - 15:15among people in poverty --
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15:15 - 15:18but it's a great world that we're bringing them into as well.
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15:19 - 15:21And I know a little bit about these issues,
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15:21 - 15:24because, for many years, I spent a long time
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15:24 - 15:26in the non-profit industrial complex,
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15:26 - 15:28and I'm a recovering executive director,
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15:28 - 15:30two years clean.
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15:30 - 15:32(Laughter)
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15:32 - 15:35But during that time, I realized that it was about projects
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15:35 - 15:37and developing them on the local level
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15:37 - 15:40that really was going to do the right thing for our communities.
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15:40 - 15:43But I really did struggle for financial support.
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15:43 - 15:45The greater our success,
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15:45 - 15:47the less money came in from foundations.
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15:47 - 15:49And I tell you, being on the TED stage
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15:49 - 15:51and winning a MacArthur in the same exact year
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15:51 - 15:54gave everyone the impression that I had arrived.
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15:54 - 15:56And by the time I'd moved on,
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15:56 - 15:58I was actually covering a third
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15:58 - 16:01of my agency's budget deficit with speaking fees.
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16:01 - 16:03And I think because early on, frankly,
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16:03 - 16:05my programs were just a little bit ahead of their time.
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16:05 - 16:07But since then,
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16:07 - 16:10the park that was just a dump and was featured at a TED2006 Talk
-
16:10 - 16:13became this little thing.
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16:13 - 16:15But I did in fact get married in it.
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16:15 - 16:17Over here.
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16:17 - 16:20There goes my dog who led me to the park in my wedding.
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16:23 - 16:25The South Bronx Greenway
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16:25 - 16:28was also just a drawing on the stage back in 2006.
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16:28 - 16:30Since then, we got
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16:30 - 16:32about 50 million dollars in stimulus package money
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16:32 - 16:34to come and get here.
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16:34 - 16:36And we love this, because I love construction now,
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16:36 - 16:38because we're watching these things actually happen.
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16:38 - 16:40So I want everyone to understand
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16:40 - 16:42the critical importance
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16:42 - 16:45of shifting charity into enterprise.
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16:45 - 16:48I started my firm to help communities across the country
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16:48 - 16:50realize their own potential
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16:50 - 16:53to improve everything about the quality of life for their people.
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16:53 - 16:55Hometown security
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16:55 - 16:57is next on my to-do list.
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16:57 - 16:59What we need are people who see the value
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16:59 - 17:02in investing in these types of local enterprises,
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17:02 - 17:04who will partner with folks like me
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17:04 - 17:07to identify the growth trends and climate adaptation
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17:07 - 17:10as well as understand the growing social costs
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17:10 - 17:12of business as usual.
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17:12 - 17:14We need to work together
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17:14 - 17:16to embrace and repair our land,
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17:16 - 17:18repair our power systems
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17:18 - 17:20and repair ourselves.
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17:20 - 17:22It's time to stop building
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17:22 - 17:24the shopping malls, the prisons,
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17:24 - 17:26the stadiums
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17:26 - 17:29and other tributes to all of our collective failures.
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17:30 - 17:32It is time that we start building
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17:32 - 17:35living monuments to hope and possibility.
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17:35 - 17:37Thank you very much.
-
17:37 - 17:39(Applause)
- Title:
- 3 stories of local eco-entrepreneurship
- Speaker:
- Majora Carter
- Description:
-
The future of green is local -- and at TEDxMidwest, Majora Carter brings us the stories of three people who are saving their own communities while saving the planet. Call it "hometown security."
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 17:39
TED edited English subtitles for 3 stories of local eco-entrepreneurship | ||
TED added a translation |