WEBVTT

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How do we know that we are real

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and that we actually exist?

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Sure, we can look at ourselves 
in the mirror, pinch ourselves

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or bang our heads against the wall,

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But even that, could just be 
something that we imagine.

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However, how are we able 
to imagine something,

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if we don't exist?

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And that's how we get to the 
crux of the matter:

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When we question reality, 
if what we are seeing

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is real or not, there is always us.

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That isn't up for discussion.

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But how can we be 
certain of our existence?

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Precisely:

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To be or not be,
that is the question here!

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The concept of `being' has the broadest 
definition by far,

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because it relates to 
everything conceivable.

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To our house, our boat, 
our investment advisor

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and, of course, ourselves!

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"Everything that is conceivable,"
therefore also means:

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everything that "is not" isn't.

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And all of that combined 
is infinite!

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Boldly stated: 
nothing exists outside of being,

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as everything that exists 
is part of being.

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But that is only half the battle

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Because being isn't 
equal to existence.

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In the Middle Ages, "existence" was
distinguished into that

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which was essential which was the
"necessary existence".

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That which was essential for 
everyone and everything

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was the basis for everything
that exists,

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and was naturally called God.

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There where the necessary exists, 
the unnecessary doesn't seem far away.

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Thus the 2nd kind of the existence 
was defined as "not necessary"...

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simply things which nobody needs!

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USB ashtrays, inflatable cell phone 
holders, breakfast egg heads,

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pasta in a cooking bag,
microwave slippers.... okay.

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Apart from that which no one needs,
there is also the existence

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of that which can be almost impossible:

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the "impossible existence".

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Does that mean that God
is unable to create a rock

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that he himself cannot lift!!!

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Then how can something exist 
that is more powerful

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than the necessary existence?

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Kant then proposed sensuality
and experience...

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his sources of understanding!

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Should that then mean,

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that things appear to exist, 
as we experience them.

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His colleague Hegel saw it like this:

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The unity of essence 
and appearance,

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of essence and existence is reality.

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So, the essence must appear, 
then the being is essence

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and the essence is being....
Uh…Wait a moment

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So, to summarise:

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the essence of being 
is essential being.

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Plain and simple, the existence.

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Kierkegaard saw it differently yet again 
and thus

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became the founder of the 
philosophy of existence:

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"Being itself, to which the mode of being
can behave in a particular way

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and always behaves in one way or another, 
we call existence".

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By this he means that this existence
is quite sufficient.

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It relates only to itself and 
not to a great absolute.

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I am myself and I am responsible 
for getting along with my own self.

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What else is …., I don't care!

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So much to existence.

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And to not exists at all?

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Martin Walser once said:

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"Nothing is true without
its opposite" Whoa!

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So, it's that simple then.