[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.70,0:00:02.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've invited you all here today because\NI wanted to talk to you about
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.86,0:00:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some ugly stereotypes that \Nare going around.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.20,0:00:07.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've been hearing a lot of unfair,\Nunseemly and unscientific
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.98,0:00:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,generalizations being made lately\Nand they mostly have to do with sex,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.98,0:00:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.52,0:00:15.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People have a nasty habit of equating\Nhormones with a particular set of behaviors
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.78,0:00:20.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and conditions most of which have to\Ndo with reproduction or sexual development
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.12,0:00:24.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or acts that include what my brother John\Nhas referred to as "scoodely poofing."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.07,0:00:28.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, people will say that hormones\Nare why Kevin has zits and is being all moody.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.04,0:00:30.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or why Hannah, who is 3 months pregnant\Njust cried watching a commercial
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.94,0:00:33.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for car insurance which, let's be honest,\NI do that too.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.46,0:00:36.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not saying that hormones aren't at\Nthe root of sexual attraction or zits
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.85,0:00:39.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or occasional bouts of extreme emotion\Nbecause they are.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.62,0:00:42.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's just not all that they do.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.23,0:00:43.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not even close.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.38,0:00:46.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people talk about hormones in\Nthe context that I just mentioned,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.15,0:00:48.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they really mean is sex hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.54,0:00:51.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sex hormones are just one kind of hormone\Nthat you have coursing through you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.66,0:00:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,body right now and in fact there are\Nat least 50 different types of these
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.65,0:00:57.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,chemical messengers at work in your\Nbody at this very minute.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.89,0:01:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only a very few of them have anything\Nat all to do with sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.97,0:01:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The truth is, from birth to death,\Njust about every cell and function
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.68,0:01:07.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in your body is under your hormone's\Nconstant influence.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.79,0:01:10.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're floating through your blood and\Nregulating your metabolism,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.50,0:01:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your sleep cycle, your response to stress,\Nand the general and incredibly important
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.77,0:01:17.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overall homeostasis that keeps you\Nnot dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.97,0:01:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some hormones are just there to make\Nother hormones trigger even more hormones
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.92,0:01:25.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a kind of chemical relay race that\Nbiologists refer to rather elegantly
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.89,0:01:27.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as cascades.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.44,0:01:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hormones run through your body \Nno matter what your mood is or
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.84,0:01:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether you have zits.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.52,0:01:35.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The reality is, we are all hormonal,\Nall the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.69,0:01:38.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♪
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.47,0:01:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To begin to understand our hormones\Nand the endocrine system that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.79,0:01:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,produces, releases, and reabsorbs\Nthem, we have to step back and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.06,0:01:54.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take a broad view.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.46,0:01:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not just by emphasizing that sex hormones\Nare not the only hormones you have,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.88,0:02:02.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also by looking at how your hormones\Ninteract with your other organ systems.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.37,0:02:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If anything, your body has two vases,\Ntwo complimentary systems that are
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.00,0:02:09.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,constantly shouting instructions over\Neach other to all your bits and pieces.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.76,0:02:11.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Both your endocrine system and\Nyour nervous system are
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.71,0:02:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,constantly trafficking information\Naround your corpus,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.36,0:02:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gathering intel, making demands,\Ncontrolling your every move,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.86,0:02:20.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they just have totally different\Nways of doing it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.72,0:02:23.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your nervous system uses lightning fast\Nelectro-chemical action potentials
Dialogue: 0,0:02:23.88,0:02:28.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,delivered by an expressway made of\Nneurons to specific cells and organs.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.27,0:02:32.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But your endocrine system prefers\Na slower, wider stream of data.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.33,0:02:35.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It secretes hormones that travel through\Nyour blood, not through neurons
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.100,0:02:39.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they move more slowly, but they\Nalso produce widespread effects
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.72,0:02:42.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that last a whole lot longer than\Naction potential.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.36,0:02:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, compared to your heart, or brain,\Nor other arguably more glamorous
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.61,0:02:48.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organs, your endocrine system's\Norgans and glands are kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.91,0:02:50.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,small and lumpy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.22,0:02:53.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are also rogues and instead of being\Nall nestled together like in your other
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.34,0:02:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,organ systems, these guys are scattered\Nall over the place from your brain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.06,0:02:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to your throat, to your kidneys,\Nto your genitals.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.28,0:03:02.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A gland is just any structure that makes\Nand secretes a hormone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.45,0:03:05.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The master gland in your body, \Nis the pituitary which produces
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.97,0:03:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many hormones that signal other\Nglands like the thyroid, parathyroid,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.95,0:03:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adrenal, and pineal glands to make\Ntheir own hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.49,0:03:16.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The endocrine system also includes\Na few organs like the gonads,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.58,0:03:19.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the pancreas, and the placenta\Nin pregnant women, all of which
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.53,0:03:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have some other non-hormonal\Nfunctions and are made up of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.48,0:03:23.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multiple tissues types.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.98,0:03:27.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Technically the hypothalamus in your brain\Nis in the endocrine club too
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.12,0:03:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since in addition to all of its busy brain\Nduties, it does produce and release hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.60,0:03:35.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks to all these glands and organs\Nyou've got these hormones diffusing
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.05,0:03:37.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through your blood doing all sorts of\Ndifferent things, but the thing
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.92,0:03:42.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to remember about them is that a hormone\Ncan only trigger a reaction in specific cells.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.71,0:03:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their so called target cells that have\Nthe right receptors for them.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.07,0:03:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just like some keys can open many locks,\Nwhile others only work with one,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.08,0:03:53.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so too can the hormone target cell\Nrelationship either by widespread
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.79,0:03:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or localized.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.22,0:03:57.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're probably going to want an example\Nof that, so your thyroid at the bottom
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.87,0:04:01.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of your throat, produces the hormone\Nthyroxine which stimulates metabolism
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.29,0:04:04.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and binds to receptors in most of the\Ncells in your body but your pituitary
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.62,0:04:08.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is nestled all comfy under your brain,\Nproduces follicle stimulating hormone
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.67,0:04:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which helps regulates the growth and triggers\Nsexual maturity and it only targets
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.33,0:04:15.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specific cells in the ovaries\Nand testes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.17,0:04:18.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do hormones bind to their\Ntarget cells?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.30,0:04:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chemically most hormones are either\Nmade of amino acids including their
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.48,0:04:24.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more complex structures like peptides\Nor proteins, or they're derived from
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.96,0:04:26.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lipids like cholesterol.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.54,0:04:29.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is key because a hormone's\Nchemical structure determines if it's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.35,0:04:32.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,water soluble like most amino acid\Nbased ones are,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.02,0:04:34.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or lipid soluble like steroids are.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.26,0:04:37.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Solubility is important because your\Ncell membranes are made of lipids.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.83,0:04:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means that water soluble ones\Ncan't get across them so target cells
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.35,0:04:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those kinds of hormones have\Nreceptors on the outside of their membranes.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.16,0:04:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lipid soluble hormones on the other hand\Ncan just basically glide right through that
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.88,0:04:52.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cell membrane so their receptor sights\Nare inside the target cells.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.34,0:04:55.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Either way, when a target cell is activated\Nthe hormone alters its activity by
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.100,0:04:58.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either increasing or decreasing\Nsome of its functions.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.98,0:05:02.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually with the goal of maintaining your\Nbody's homeostasis in one way or another.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.88,0:05:05.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If hormones are keeping your body\Nin balance, what's putting
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.38,0:05:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your body out of balance?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.92,0:05:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know ... Could I interest\Nyou in some pie?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.50,0:05:12.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have a couple of nice generous\Nhelpings of strawberry rhubard
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.18,0:05:14.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pie and just to make things interesting,\Nlet's say that they are ala mode,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:14.100,0:05:17.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your blood glucose level is going to\Ngo through the roof.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.65,0:05:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The pancreas regulates your blood sugar\Nby releasing two different hormones:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.11,0:05:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,insulin and glucagon.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.10,0:05:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Once you have a belly full of that pie,\Nthe beta cells in your pancreas
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.82,0:05:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,release insulin which helps lower\Nyour blood sugar by increasing
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.92,0:05:32.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rate at which your cells store the\Nsugar either a glycogen or
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.15,0:05:34.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as fat for later use.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.14,0:05:35.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now let's say you've done the opposite.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.52,0:05:37.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've eat no pie, you are pie-less.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.94,0:05:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, you've eaten nothing for hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.06,0:05:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If your blood sugar drops too low then\Nalpha cells in the pancreas will instead
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.70,0:05:47.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,send out glucagon which helps\Nraise your blood sugar levels
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.35,0:05:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in part by decreasing the storage\Nof sugar in your cells and
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.24,0:05:53.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,triggering the release of glucose\Nback into the blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.15,0:05:55.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lots of different endocrine related\Nillnesses like diabetes or
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.65,0:05:59.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hyperthyroidism tend to be the\Nresult of either hyper - too much,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.50,0:06:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or hypo - too little secretion of\Ncertain hormones which throw
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.84,0:06:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your homeostasis off balance.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.80,0:06:07.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are lots of more common\Nand less obvious ways your
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.83,0:06:10.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hormones can get out of balance,\Nnot because of some disorder,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.61,0:06:14.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but because these signaling chemicals\Nare just caught up in a chain reaction
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.05,0:06:16.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which can take awhile to subside.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.09,0:06:18.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some hormones just exist to control\Nother hormones, which in turn
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.97,0:06:22.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,control still more hormones so as\Nsoon as one starts to trickle out,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.60,0:06:25.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can pretty quickly wind up with\Na cascade on your hands.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.25,0:06:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You get a few different hormone cascades\Ngoing on in any given moment but
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.02,0:06:30.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the big ones, one that's really\Nworth understanding is the
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.84,0:06:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hypothalamic pituitary adrenal\Naxis, or the HPA axis
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.70,0:06:36.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you don't want to have to\Nsay that every time.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.70,0:06:40.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a complex series of interactions\Nbetween three glands that ultimately
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.00,0:06:44.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regulates lots of your body's daily\Nprocesses like digestion, sexuality,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.64,0:06:47.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immune response, and how you\Nhandle stress.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.01,0:06:49.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's complex not just because of all\Nthe glands involved,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.11,0:06:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's also one of the more crucial\Ninstances of your endocrine system
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.22,0:06:54.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coordinating with your nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.86,0:06:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Presumably it's behind that "fight\Nor flight" response that everybody
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.29,0:06:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keeps talking about.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:58.35,0:07:01.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The HPA axis is essentially the\Nendocrine system's companion
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.53,0:07:03.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the sympathetic nervous system.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.61,0:07:06.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The sympathetic nervous system in\Ntimes of high stress does things like
Dialogue: 0,0:07:06.10,0:07:09.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,speed up your heart rate and direct\Nblood away from your digestive organs
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.51,0:07:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the muscle so many of the other\Neffects of the stress response are
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.47,0:07:14.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,carried out by your endocrine system.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.36,0:07:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Getting your nervous and endocrine\Nsystems to work together in times
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.22,0:07:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of crisis, is where they hypothalamus\Ncomes in.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.72,0:07:23.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the hub of where the two systems meet\Nand keeps tabs on what's going on
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.02,0:07:26.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all over your body, analyzing your blood\Nfor signs that something might be off.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.33,0:07:29.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's revisit our fight or flight scene\Nfrom a few lessons ago ...
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.18,0:07:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The old burning house scenario.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.49,0:07:34.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you're sleeping, you're dreaming\Nabout petting pandas or whatever
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.78,0:07:36.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your smoke alarm goes off.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.62,0:07:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The action potentials in your brain\Ntrigger neurons in your hypothalamus
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.74,0:07:44.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to release the peptide hormone CRH,\Nor corticotropin-releasing hormone.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.50,0:07:47.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The CRH makes the very short trip\Nthrough the bloodstream to the
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.30,0:07:51.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interior pituitary gland where because\Nit is water soluble, it binds to receptors
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.37,0:07:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the outside of the target cells,\Nthere it triggers the release of
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.02,0:07:58.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,adrenocorticotropic hormone or ACTH.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.28,0:08:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ACTH travels again through the\Nblood stream into the adrenal cortisis of
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.96,0:08:04.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the adrenal glands on top of you kidneys.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.37,0:08:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the ACTH binds to receptors on\Ncells in the adrenal cortex,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.67,0:08:10.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it triggers the release of a frenzy of \Ndifferent freak-out compounds
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.78,0:08:14.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,known as glucocorticoid and the \Nmineral ocorticoud hormone.\N
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.29,0:08:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hormones help us deal with\Nday to day stress by keeping our
Dialogue: 0,0:08:17.59,0:08:20.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blood sugar and blood pressure\Nbalanced, but under major stress
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.04,0:08:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like waking up in a burning building stress,\Nthese hormones like cortisol cause the
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.52,0:08:27.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,classic fight or flight response, ramping up\Nyour blood pressure,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.66,0:08:31.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dumping glucose into your bloodstream,\Nshutting down non emergency services\N
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.25,0:08:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like your immune system and sperm\Nand egg development, and guess what?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.36,0:08:36.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that all these stress hormones are\Npulsing through your blood,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.68,0:08:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the hypothalamus back in the brain\Nsenses those and because its job
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.98,0:08:42.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to monitor and maintain balance\Nwhenever possible,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.26,0:08:46.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it stops secreting CRH which eventually\Ncauses the other glands to stop
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.87,0:08:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,secreting their panic hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.64,0:08:51.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because this element of the stress\Nresponse is hormonal rather than
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.23,0:08:54.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,electrical, it comes on more slowly\Nthan the nervous system part
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.28,0:08:58.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it takes longer to subside too \Nas those stress hormones linger
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.23,0:09:00.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the blood before being broken\Ndown by enzymes.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.97,0:09:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We're a long way from teenage crushes and\Nzits and crying over commercials,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.47,0:09:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at this point aren't we?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.76,0:09:08.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a lifelong owner of hormones,\NI hope you will join me in
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.21,0:09:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dispelling the stereotypes that surround\Nthese powerful and important chemicals
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.91,0:09:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and give them the respect they \Nrightly deserve.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.03,0:09:18.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today we looked at the endocrine system\Nand how it uses glands to produce hormones.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.39,0:09:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These hormones are either amino acid\Nbased and water soluble,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.65,0:09:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or steroidal and lipid soluble and may\Ntarget many types of cells
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.72,0:09:27.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or just turn on specific ones.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.80,0:09:29.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also touched on hormone cascades\N
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.33,0:09:32.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how the HPA axis affects\Nyour stress response.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:32.38,0:09:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you to our headmaster of learning,\NThomas Frank and to all of our
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.84,0:09:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Patreon patrons who help to make\Ncrash course possible through
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.44,0:09:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their monthly contributions.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.82,0:09:41.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you like Crash Course and you want to\Nhelp us keep making free educational
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.58,0:09:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,content for the whole world,\Nyou can go to Patreon.com/crashcourse.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.47,0:09:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Crash Course is filmed in the\NDr. Cheryl C. Kenny Crash Course studio.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.71,0:09:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This episode was written by\NKathleen Yale, edited by
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.96,0:09:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Blake de Pastino and our consultant\Nwas Dr. Brendan Jackson.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.83,0:09:55.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was directed by \NNicholas Jenkins,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.14,0:09:57.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the editor is Nicole Sweeney,\Nthe script supervisor was
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.29,0:09:59.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Stefan Chin and the sound\Ndesigner was Michael Amanda
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.70,0:10:02.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the graphics team\Nis Thought Cafe.