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Idag tänker jag berätta om

2
00:00:03,472 --> 00:00:06,502
de senaste 30 åren av arkitekturhistoria.

3
00:00:07,685 --> 00:00:10,143
Det är en hel del
att klämma in på 18 minuter.

4
00:00:10,167 --> 00:00:11,854
Det är ett komplext ämne,

5
00:00:11,878 --> 00:00:16,252
så vi dyker i på ett komplext ställe:

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00:00:16,276 --> 00:00:17,482
New Jersey.

7
00:00:17,506 --> 00:00:20,696
För att för 30 år sen, jag är från Jersey,

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00:00:20,720 --> 00:00:24,562
och jag var sex år, och jag bodde där
i mina föräldrars hus

9
00:00:24,586 --> 00:00:26,210
i en stad som heter Livingston,

10
00:00:26,234 --> 00:00:29,165
och det här var mitt sovrum
under barndomen.

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00:00:29,689 --> 00:00:32,124
Runt hörnet från mitt sovrum

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fanns badrummet
som jag delade med min syster.

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Och mellan mitt sovrum och badrummet

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00:00:38,162 --> 00:00:40,963
fanns en avsats med utsikt
över vardagsrummet.

15
00:00:41,413 --> 00:00:45,095
Det var där alla brukade vara
och titta på TV,

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00:00:45,119 --> 00:00:49,282
så varje gång jag gick
från sovrummet till badrummet

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00:00:49,306 --> 00:00:50,642
såg alla mig

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00:00:50,666 --> 00:00:54,420
och varje gång jag tog en dusch
och kom ut iklädd handduk

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00:00:54,444 --> 00:00:55,821
såg alla mig.

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00:00:56,162 --> 00:00:57,543
Och jag såg ut så här.

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Jag kände mig pinsam,

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00:01:01,765 --> 00:01:03,856
jag var osäker, och jag hatade det.

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00:01:03,880 --> 00:01:06,919
Jag hatade den sträckan,
och jag hatade den avsatsen,

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00:01:06,943 --> 00:01:09,967
jag hatade det rummet
och jag hatade det huset.

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00:01:10,769 --> 00:01:12,457
Och det är arkitektur.

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(Skratt)

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Klart.

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Den känslan, vad jag kände då,

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det är arkitekturens makt,

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för arkitektur handlar inte om matematik
och det handlar inte om detaljplaner,


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det handlar om de där kroppsliga
och känslomässiga kopplingarna

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som vi har till de platser
som vi befinner oss på.

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Och det är ingen överraskning
och vi känner så,

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för enligt EPA tillbringar amerikaner xx

35
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90 procent av sin tid inomhus.

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Det är 90 procent av vår tid
då vi är omgivna av arkitektur.

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Det är enormt mycket.

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Det betyder att arkitektur formar oss
på sätt som vi inte hade förstått. xx

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Det gör oss lite lättlurade
och väldigt förutsägbara.

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Det betyder att när jag visar er
en byggnad som den här,

41
00:02:02,117 --> 00:02:03,499
vet jag att ni tänker:

42
00:02:03,523 --> 00:02:06,870
Ni tänker på "makt"
och "stabilitet" och "demokrati".

43
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Och jag vet att ni tänker så
för att den är baserad på en byggnad

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som byggdes för 2 500 år sen av grekerna.

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Det är ett trick.

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Det här är en signal
som arkitekter använder

47
00:02:18,104 --> 00:02:21,993
för att få dig att skapa
ett känslomässigt band

48
00:02:22,017 --> 00:02:24,658
till de former xx
som vi bygger våra byggnader på.

49
00:02:25,237 --> 00:02:27,877
Det är en förutsägbar
känslomässig koppling,

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00:02:27,901 --> 00:02:31,121
och vi har använt det här tricket
väldigt väldigt länge.

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00:02:31,629 --> 00:02:34,902
Vi använde det för [200] år sen
för att bygga banker.

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Vi använde det på 1800-talet
för att bygga konstmuséer.

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Och på 1900-talet i USA

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använde vi det för att bygga hus.

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Och titta på de här stabila små soldaterna

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som vänder sig mot havet
och håller elementen borta.

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Det är väldigt användbart,

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för det är skrämmande
att bygga de här sakerna.

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Det är dyrt, det tar lång tid,
och det är väldigt komplicerat.

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Och de människor som bygger saker -

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00:03:01,178 --> 00:03:03,383
byggföretag och statliga myndigheter -

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de är naturligt rädda för innovation,

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och de vill hellre använda någon form
som de vet hur du kommer reagera på.

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Det är därför vi får sådana här byggnader.

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00:03:14,096 --> 00:03:15,766
Det här är en vacker byggnad.

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00:03:15,790 --> 00:03:18,081
Det här är Livingstones stadsbibliotek

67
00:03:18,105 --> 00:03:21,215
som färdigställdes i min hemstad 2004,

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och som du ser har det en kupol

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och det har en rund grej,
och pelare, rött tegel,

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00:03:26,495 --> 00:03:31,485
och man kan nästan gissa vad Livingston
försöker säga med byggnaden:

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00:03:31,509 --> 00:03:35,035
barn, fastighetsvärden och historia.

72
00:03:35,751 --> 00:03:39,286
Men det har inte mycket att göra med
vad ett bibliotek faktiskt gör idag.

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00:03:40,209 --> 00:03:44,273
Samma år, 2004, på andra sidan landet,
byggdes ett annat bibliotek,

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--

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och det ser ut så här.

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Det ligger i Seattle.

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Det här biblioteket visar
hur vi konsumerar media
i den digitala tidsåldern. xx

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00:03:55,718 --> 00:03:59,288
Det handlar om en ny typ
av allmän xx för staden,

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en plats att samlas och läsa
och dela med sig.

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00:16:58,899 --> 00:17:02,324


337
00:17:02,348 --> 00:17:04,506


338
00:17:04,530 --> 00:17:07,104


339
00:17:08,022 --> 00:17:11,350


340
00:17:11,957 --> 00:17:14,929


341
00:17:14,953 --> 00:17:20,770


342
00:17:20,794 --> 00:17:23,034


343
00:17:23,635 --> 00:17:28,825


344
00:17:28,849 --> 00:17:30,901


345
00:17:30,925 --> 00:17:32,929


346
00:17:32,953 --> 00:17:35,382


347
00:17:35,406 --> 00:17:38,599


348
00:17:39,288 --> 00:17:40,388


349
00:17:40,412 --> 00:17:43,412