WEBVTT

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Hari ini saya akan bercakap

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tentang sejarah seni bina 
dalam 30 tahun ini.

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Banyak perkara perlu 
disebut dalam 18 minit ini.

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Ia sebuah topik yang kompleks,

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jadi kita cuma akan meninjau 
sebuah tempat yang kompleks:

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New Jersey.

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Kerana 30 tahun lalu, 
saya berasal dari Jersey,

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masa itu saya berusia 6 tahun 
dan tinggal di rumah ibu bapa saya

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yang terletak di Livingston.

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Inilah bilik tidur saya pada masa itu.

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Di tepi bilik tidur saya

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ialah sebuah bilik air 
yang dikongsi dengan adik saya.

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Di antara bilik tidur dan bilik air itu

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terletaknya balkoni yang 
menghadap ruang tamu.

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Di situlah semua orang 
bersantai dan menonton TV.

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Jadi, bila saya berjalan 
dari bilik tidur saya ke bilik air,

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semua orang dapat melihat saya,

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dan setelah saya mandi dan 
cuma berbalutkan tuala,

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semua orang dapat melihat saya.

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Beginilah keadaan saya.

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Saya berasa kekok,

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tak selesa, saya bencikannya.

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Saya bencikan laluan itu, 
saya bencikan balkoni itu,

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saya bencikan ruang tamu itu, 
dan saya bencikan rumah itu.

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Itulah dia seni bina.

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(Ketawa)

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Habis cerita.

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Perasaan dan emosi yang saya alami itu

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tercetus daripada hasil seni bina.

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Sebab, seni bina bukannya tentang 
matematik atau pengezonan,

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ia adalah tentang emosi kita 
yang meluap-luap

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terhadap tempat di mana kita berada.

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Ia bukannya perkara yang luar biasa 
jika kita berasa begitu,

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kerana mengikut 
Agensi Perlindungan Persekitaran,

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warga Amerika menghabiskan 90%
daripada masa mereka di dalam bangunan.

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Itu masanya kita berdepan 
dengan hasil seni bina.

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Agak lama masanya.

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Maksudnya, kita terpengaruh oleh 
hasil seni bina tanpa kita sedari.

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Ia menjadikan kita 
mudah terpedaya dan mudah dijangka.

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Maksudnya, bila saya menunjukkan 
bangunan sebegini kepada anda,

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saya tahu apa yang anda fikirkan:

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Anda berfikir tentang "kuasa", "
kestabilan" dan "demokrasi".

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Saya tahu anda berfikir begitu 
kerana ia dibina berdasarkan

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sebuah bangunan yang dibina pada 
2,500 tahun yang lalu oleh orang Yunani.

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Inilah caranya.

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Inilah cara yang digunakan 
oleh para arkitek

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untuk mewujudkan emosi anda terhadap

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bangunan-bangunan yang dibina.

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Ia merupakan emosi yang dapat dijangka,

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dan cara ini telah lama digunakan.

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Ia digunakan pada 200 tahun yang lalu 
untuk membina bank.

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Ia digunakan pada abad ke-19 
untuk membina muzium seni.

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Pada abad ke-20 di Amerika,

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ia digunakan untuk membina rumah.

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Lihatlah rumah-rumah 
yang kukuh dan stabil ini

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yang menghadap ke laut dan 
terlindung daripada unsur-unsur alam.

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Ia amat berguna sekali,

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kerana membina sesuatu bukannya mudah.

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Ia mahal, mengambil masa yang lama, 
dan amat rumit.

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Pihak-pihak yang terlibat 
dalam pembinaan,

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iaitu pemaju dan kerajaan,

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mereka tak menyukai inovasi,

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mereka akan menggunakan 
reka bentuk yang anda sukai.

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Sebab itulah bangunan sebegini dibina.

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Bangunan ini kelihatan cantik.

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Inilah Perpustakaan Awam Livingston

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yang siap dibina pada tahun 2004 
di tempat asal saya.

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Ia mempunyai kubah

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dan ia mempunyai bahagian yang bulat, 
tiang-tiang, bata merah.

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Anda dapat meneka apa yang Livingston 
cuba sampaikan melalui bangunan ini:

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kanak-kanak, 
nilai harta benda dan sejarah.

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(Ketawa)

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(Ketawa)

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(Ketawa)

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(Ketawa)

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(Ketawa)

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L.A.,

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Seatle,

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Chicago,

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New York,

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Cleveland,

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Springfield.

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(Ketawa)

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(Ketawa)

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Terima kasih.

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(Tepukan)