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- [Instructor] We have learned

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that there are seven
names to all the notes,

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ABCDEFG.

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We can now add to that list of seven

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all the notes with sharps and flats.

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So an A,

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then there could be an A sharp,

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B, B sharp,

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C, C sharp,

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D, D sharp,

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and so forth.

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The same with flats.

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A, A flat,

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G, G flat,

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F, F flat,

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and so forth.

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Let's go back to our piano keyboard.

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From the treble clef middle C,

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let's look at the octave above,

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the C on the third space.

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There are 12 note from the middle C

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to the third space C.

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These notes make up the chromatic scale.

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(plays chromatic scale on piano)

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Remember that between E and F

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and between B and C

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there isn't a black key.

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Using sharps,

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here are all of the names of the notes

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of the chromaic scale.

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C, C sharp,

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D, D sharp,

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E, F, F sharp,

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G, G sharp,

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A, A sharp, B, C.

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The distance between each of these notes

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is called a half step

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or the interval of a semitone,

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also called a minor second.

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An interval is the distance
between two musical pitches.

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We already know one interval, an octave,

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and in future lessons,

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we will discuss many intervals,

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but for now let's focus on
the interval of a half step.

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This is a fundamental building block

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of all musical intervals.

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A chromatic scale is
made up of 12 half steps.

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Now let's look a the chromatic scale

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from the third space C in the treble clef

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descending using flats.

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C, B, B flat,

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A, A flat,

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G, G flat,

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F, E, E flat,

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D, D flat, C.

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All half steps.

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Towards the end of
Rimsky-Korsakov's Scheherazade

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in the flute part,

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he writes a chromatic scale,

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but he uses a combination
of sharps, flats,

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and naturals to make this scale,

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all half steps,

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a chromatic scale.

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(dramatic orchestral music)