There's a group of people in Kenya,

people cross oceans to go see them.

These people are tall, they jump high,
they wear red and they kill lions.

You might be wondering,
who are those people?

These are the Maasais.

And you know what's cool?

I'm actually one of them.
(Laughter)

The Maasais, the boys are brought up
to be warriors,

the girls are brought up to be mothers.

When I was five years old,
I found out that I was engaged,

to be married as soon as I reach puberty.

My mother, my grandmother, my aunties,

they constantly reminded me 
that, "Your husband just passed by."

(Laughter)
Cool, yeah?

And everything I had to do from that moment

was to prepare me to be 
a perfect woman at the age of 12.

My day started at five in the morning,

milking the cows, sweeping the house,
cooking for my siblings,

collecting water, fire wood.

I did everything that I needed to do,
to become a perfect wife

I went to school not because
the Maasai women all go to school.

It's because my mother 
was denied an eduction

and she constantly reminded
me and my siblings that,

she never wanted us 
to live the life she was living.

Why did she say that?

My father worked 
as a policemen in the city,

he came home once a year, we didn't see him
for sometimes even 2 years.

And whenever he came home, 
it was a different case.

My mother worked hard in the farm 
to grow crop so that we can eat,

she read the cows and the goats 
so that she can care for us.

But when my father came,
he would sell the cows,

he would sell the products we had

and he went and drank 
with his friends in the bars.

Becasue my mother a women, 
she was not allowed to own any property

and by default everything in my family,

anyway, belonged to my father
so he had the right.

And if my mother ever questioned him, 
he'd beat her, abused her

and really, it was difficult.

When I went to school, I had a dream, 
I wanted to become a teacher.

Teachers looked nice, they wear 
nice dresses, high-heeled shoes --

I found later that they were 
uncomfortable, but I admired it.

(Laughter)

But most of all, the teacher 
was just writing on the board --

not hard work, that's what I thought,

compared to what I was doing at the farm, 
so I wanted to become a teacher.

I worked hard in school, 
but when I was an eight grader,

it was a determining factor.

In our tradition, there's a ceremony that girls
have to undergo to become a woman.

And it's a right of passage to womanhood.

And then I was just finishing my eight grade

and that was a transition 
for me to go to higschool,

this was the crossroad.

Once I go through this tradtion 
I was going to become a wife.

Well, my dream of becoming a teacher 
will not come to pass.

So I had to come up with a plan 
to figure these things out.

I talked to my father, I did something
that most girls have never done.

I told my father, I will only go through this 
ceremony if you'l let me go back to school.

The reason why, if I ran away, my father will 
have a stigma, people will be calling him,

"The father of that girl who 
didn't go through the ceremony."

It was a shameful thing for him 
to carry the rest of his life.

So he figured out - well, he said,

"OK, you'll go to school
after the ceremony."

I did. The ceremony happenned,
it's a whole week long of excitments.

It's a ceremony, people are enjoying.

And the day before 
the actual ceremony happens,

we were dancing, having exceitments

and through all the night,
we did not sleep.

The actual day came 
and we walked out of the house

and we were dancing,

as we danced and danced 
and we walked out of the courtyard

and there were a bunch of people waiting, 
they were all in a circle.

And as we dance and dance, 
and we approach this circle of women -

men, women, children everybody was there.

There was a women
sitting in the middle of it

and this women was waiting to hold us,

and I was the first, there were my sisters
and a couple of other girls.

As I approach her, she looked at me 
and I sat down and I opened my legs.

As I opened my leg, another women came, 
and this women was carrying a knife.

And she carried the knife
she walked towards me,

and she held my clitoris,
and she cut it off.

As you can imagine, I bled. I bled.

After bleeding for a while, 
I fainted there after.

It's something that so many girls -
I'm lucky I never died, but many die.

It's practice with no anaesthesia, 
it's a rusty old knife

and it was difficult.

I was lucky because my mom
did something that most women don't do

three days later, 
after everybody has left the home

my mom went and brought a nurse.

We were taken care of,
three weeks later I was healed

and I was back in high school.

I was so determined to be a teacher now

so that I can make a difference
in my family.

Well, while I was in high school, 
something happened,

I met another young gentlemen
from our village

who had been to the university of Oregon.

This man was wearing 
a white T-shirt, jeans, a camera,

white sneakers -
and I'm talking about white sneakers.

There's something about clothes I think
and shoes. (Laughter)

And this was in a village 
that didn't even have paved roads,

it was quite attractive.
(Laughter)

I told him, "I want to go
to where you are,"

because this man looked very happy
and I admired that.

And he told me,

"Well, what do you mean you want to go, 
don't you have a husband waiting for you?"

And I told him,

"Don't worry about that part,
just tell me how to get there."

This gentlemen, he helped me.

While I was in school also, 
my dad was sick, he got a stroke -

and he was really sick so he really 
couldn't tell me what to do next.

But the problem is my father 
is not the only father I have.

Everybody who is my dad's age, male, 
in the community, is my father by default.

My uncles, all of them,
they dictate what my future is.

So the news came, 
and I applied to school

and I was accepted to Randolph-Macon 
Woman's College, In Lynchburg, Virginia

and I couldn't come 
without the support of the village

because I needed to raise money
to buy the air ticket.

I got a scholarship,
but I needed to get myself here.

But I needed the support of the village

and here again, 
when the men, the people heard

that a women had gotten 
an opportunity to go to school

they said, "What a lost opportunity,

this should have been given to a boy 
we can't do this."

So I went back, 
and I had to go back to the tradition.

There's a belief among our people 
that morning brings good news.

So, I had I to come up with something
to do with the morning

because there's good news in the morning.

And in the village also there's one chief 
or person, male, an elder

if he says "Yes,"everybody
will follow him.

So I went to him, very early
in the morning, as the sun had rised,

the first thing that he sees 
when he opens his door is me.

"My child, what are you doing here?"

"Well Dad, I need help, can you support me
to go to America?"

I promised him that I'll be the best girl,
I will come back

anything they wanted after that, 
I will do it for them.

He said, "Well, but I can't do it alone."

He gave me a list of other 15 men 
that I went, 16 more men.

Every single morning
I went and visited them.

They all came together - the village, 
the women, the men.

Everybody came together to support me
to come, to get an education.

I arrived in America, 
as you can imagine, what did I find?

(Laughter)
I found snow,

I found Walmart,

vacuum cleaners 
and lots of food in the cafeteria.

I was in a land of plenty.
I enjoyed myself,

but during that moment while I was here, 
I discovered a lot of things

I learned that, that ceremony that I went 
through when I was 13 years old

was called female genital mutilation.

I learned that it was against the law
in Kenya,

I learned that, I did not have to trade
part of my body

to get and eduction, I had a right!

And as we speak right now,
three million girls in Africa

are at risk of undergoing through
this mutilation.

I learned that my mom
had a right to own property,

I learned that did not have to abused 
because she was a women.

Those things made me angry.

I wanted to do something.

Every time I went back, I found 
that my neighbours' girls

were getting married,
they were getting mutilated.

And after I graduated from here,
I worked at the UN, I went back to school

to get my graduate work, the constant cry 
of these girls was on my face.

I had to do something.

As I went back, I started
talking to the men,

to the village, and mothers and I said,

"I want to give back
the way I had promised you

that I would come back and help you.

What do you need?"

As I spoke to the women, they told me,

"You know what we need?
We really need a school for girls."

Because there had not been
any schools for girls.

And the reason they wanted
the school for girls

is because when a girl is raped 
when she's walking to school

the mother is blamed for that.

If she got pregnant 
before she got married,

the mother is blamed for that 
and she's punished, she's beaten.

They said, "We wanted to put our girls
in a safe place."

As we moved, 
and I went to talk to the fathers,

he fathers of course, 
you can imagine what they said,

"We want a school for boys."

And I said, well, there are a couple
of many men from my village

who had been out
and they've got an education

why can't they build a school for boys 
and I'll build a school for girls?

That made sens and they agreed.

And I told them, I wanted them to show me 
a sign of commitment

and they did.

They donated land where we build
the girls' school, we have.

I want you to meet 
one of the girls in that school.

Angelene came to apply for the school

and she did not meet 
any criterias that we had.

She's an orphan, yes. 
We could have taken her for that,

but she was 12 years old
and we were taking in girls

who were in the fourth grade.

Everybody were telling us Angelene 
had been moving from one place,

because she's an orphan,
she has no mother, she has no father,

moving from one grandmother's house
to another one

from aunties to aunties, 
she had no stability in her life.

And people said, and I looked at her
I remembered that day,

and I saw something beyond 
what I was seeing in Angelene

and yes she was older 
to be in fourth grade,

we gave her the opportunity
to come the class.

Five months later, there is Angelene.

A transformation had begun in her life

Angelene wants to be a pilot
so she can fly around the world

and [make] a difference.

She was not the top student 
when we took her,

now she's the best student
not just in our school,

but in the entire division that we are in.

She's showing different, that's Sharon, 
that's five years later,

that's Avaleen, five months later, 
that's the difference that we are making

As a new dawn is happening in my school

A new beginning is happening,

as we speak right now 
125 girls will never be mutilated.

125 girls will not be married
when they are 12 years old.

125 girls are creating 
and achieving their dreams.

This is the thing that we are doing -

giving them opportunities
so they can rise.

As we speak right now, 
women are not being beaten

because of the revolutions 
we've started in our community.

(Applause)

I want to challenge you today

you're listening to me because 
you are here very optimistic.

You are somebody who is so passionate

You are somebody who wants
to see a better world.

You are somebody who wants to
see the war end.

No poverty.

You are somebody who wants to 
make a difference.

You are somebody who wants to 
make our tomorrow better.

I want to challenge today
to be there first -

because people will follow you.

Be the first - people will follow you

Be bold - standup.

Be fearless.

Be confident.

Move out because
as you change your world,

as you change your community,

as we believe we are impacting 
one girl, one family,

one village, one country at a time.

We are making a difference.

So if you change your world,
you're going to change your community,

you're going to change your country.

And think about that, 
if you do that and I do that,

aren't we going to create a better future,

for our children, for your children,
for our grandchildren,

and we will live in a very peaceful world.

Thank you very much.

(Applause)