[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.25,0:00:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you ever asked yourself\Nabout the actual nature of the universe?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.29,0:00:15.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm not talking about\Nany abstract universe but our universe,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.42,0:00:18.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one in which we all live,\Nthe one where you are now.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.46,0:00:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you ever thought about\Nwhat you body was really made of?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.38,0:00:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or the air you breathe\Nor even the very chair you are sitting on?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.88,0:00:27.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the answer is yes,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.00,0:00:32.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you might have noticed\Nthat around you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.12,0:00:36.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can find clues\Nthat can help you decode all that.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.88,0:00:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, if I grab my glass,\Nyou see there is water in it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.25,0:00:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I throw it at you, here,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:42.08,0:00:44.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of you would move aside a little.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.71,0:00:47.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody in this room,\Nor anywhere else on Earth
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.63,0:00:51.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ever thought that once\Nyou throw the water,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.54,0:00:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would stop halfway in the air\Nturn around and go back into my glass.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.00,0:00:56.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And why is that?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.05,0:01:00.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We all have this feeling\Nthat some laws of Nature actually exist,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.75,0:01:04.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that those very laws cannot be broken.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.71,0:01:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The aim of theoretical physics\Nis to figure out what those laws are.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.63,0:01:12.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One have to admit that, as humans,\Nwe are rather good at that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.21,0:01:14.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just to give you an idea: since Newton,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.21,0:01:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can all describe every single thing\Nthat is happening around us,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.13,0:01:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,including the state of objects.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.09,0:01:21.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That, we know how to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.83,0:01:25.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But since Newton,\Nwe went a little further than that.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.08,0:01:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We even entered a world\Nthat goes beyond our senses.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.75,0:01:32.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A world in which our intuition\Nno longer applies.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:32.00,0:01:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is a wonderful world,\Nand I'll tell you why.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.84,0:01:37.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 1905, Albert Einstein taught us
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.88,0:01:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that light is made of\Ntiny pieces of energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.96,0:01:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Latin, "tiny pieces"\Nwould be translated as "quanta."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.46,0:01:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What Einstein and other fellows did,\Nwas to open us up on a new world,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.58,0:01:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world of quantum mechanics\Nand quantum physics,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.93,0:01:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a tiny world that is the world of\Nluminous rays.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.33,0:02:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll ask you to imagine that, for a\Nmoment, you are in 1942 in Paris,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.25,0:02:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where a young scientist\Njust got his thesis published
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.08,0:02:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is 32, and his name\Nis Louis de Broglie,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.46,0:02:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he states something extraordinary.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.92,0:02:14.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In support of his calculations,\Nhe states the light that is around us,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.71,0:02:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this matter\Nthat your bodies are made of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.54,0:02:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not that different from one another.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.52,0:02:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The matter would actually\Nbe made of those tiny pieces of energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.84,0:02:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That would mean that matter itself\Nwould follow the laws of quantum science.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.42,0:02:31.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for this,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.88,0:02:34.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,De Broglie achieved the dream\Nof every PhD student on earth
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.75,0:02:38.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when receiving a Nobel Prize\Nfor his thesis, 7 years later.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.00,0:02:39.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's not so bad after all.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.71,0:02:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the founding fathers of quantum physics
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.08,0:02:45.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,immediately got his hands on this idea
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.42,0:02:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and started to work on trying to find out
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.21,0:02:54.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the whole world\Nof the infinitely small works.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.04,0:02:55.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And guess what?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.25,0:02:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He succeeded in finding an equation
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.79,0:03:00.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he named the Schrödinger's equation.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.25,0:03:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It describes the way particles behave\Nwithin our universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.96,0:03:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a few words, he did\Nfor the world of the infinitely small
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.92,0:03:12.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what Newton did for the world around.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.81,0:03:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you shoot an arrow,\NNewton would tell you where it will land.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.96,0:03:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you throw a particle,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.92,0:03:20.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, Schrödinger would tell you\Nwhat it will become.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.84,0:03:24.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Unfortunately, in the world\Nof the infinitely small,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.47,0:03:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particles are no arrows.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.88,0:03:28.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are not even like small balls.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.25,0:03:32.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead, you have to imagine a kind\Nof cloud filled with small balls
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.79,0:03:36.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are either present or missing,\Nthat exist or don't exist
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.79,0:03:40.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that are overlaid\Nand that are almost everywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.50,0:03:46.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Schrödinger's equation describes\Nhow this cloud will evolve through time.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.63,0:03:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what he eventually found was very strange.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.84,0:03:50.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just to give you an idea
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.25,0:03:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what it could mean\Nfrom our world's perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.92,0:03:55.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he came up with a thought experiment
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.54,0:03:58.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he named the Schrödinger's cat experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.83,0:04:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here it goes: in this box, there is a cat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.38,0:04:07.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Mioawing)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.83,0:04:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It might have been sleeping.\NAnyhow, there is a cat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.00,0:04:12.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there is more than a cat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.46,0:04:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It didn't sound very happy,\Nbecause on its side
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.21,0:04:19.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Schrödinger placed, and so did I,\Na radioactive substance.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.42,0:04:24.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is a radioactive substance?\NIt is a substance we can split into two.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.38,0:04:27.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why the first row had to sign\Nthe legal discharge earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.63,0:04:28.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's radioactive in there.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.94,0:04:32.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we have a substance\Nthat can be split into two
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.25,0:04:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without us knowing in advance\Nwhether or not it will happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.25,0:04:38.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, there is this little substance inside
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.65,0:04:42.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with the one I place here,\Nthere is a 50/50 chance it will break,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.09,0:04:45.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or be blown apart between now\Nand the end of the experiment.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.42,0:04:48.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Schrödinger did not only did that.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.40,0:04:52.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With this little substance,\Nhe added a device, as smart as sadistic,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.88,0:04:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would release a poison\Nand eventually kill the cat
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.29,0:04:58.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in case the substance blows away.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.83,0:05:03.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If on the contrary the substance\Nstays as is, the cat is safe.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.83,0:05:08.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The laws of quantum physics tell us\Nas long as no-one has looked inside,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.85,0:05:10.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as long as no-one opened the box,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.67,0:05:16.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the radioactive substance has blown away\Nbut at the same time, hasn't.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.79,0:05:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means the poison has\Nand hasn't been released.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.50,0:05:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Consequently, the cat inside\Nis not dead or alive, but dead and alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.42,0:05:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It sounds completely insane, I agree.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.75,0:05:32.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But after all, that's what maths\Ntells us, and they are positive.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.42,0:05:35.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the laws of quantum physics\Nas we know them are correct
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.96,0:05:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then Schrödinger and his equation\Nwill tell you that in this box,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.21,0:05:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cat is both dead an alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.76,0:05:44.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's have look.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.92,0:05:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Miaowing)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.54,0:05:50.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, at least it's not dead,\Nwhich is good.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.00,0:05:52.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you see, there was only one cat
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.08,0:05:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you might have expected\Nand you might be a bit relieved
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.50,0:05:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the cat is alive and not dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.58,0:06:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As for me, it disturbs a lot\Nthat there is only one cat inside.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.67,0:06:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I believe in maths\Nand all the physics that's behind it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.63,0:06:07.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if maths says\Nthat there should be two cats inside
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.92,0:06:12.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the questions is:\Nwhere is the dead cat now?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.04,0:06:15.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It should then be there but is not.\NSo where is it?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.46,0:06:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As crazy as it sounds,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.71,0:06:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scientists are actually paid\Nto try and answer this very question.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.21,0:06:22.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.63,0:06:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were even paid for years.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.96,0:06:28.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Schrödinger published\Nthis thought experiment in 1935.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.92,0:06:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For a decade after that, maybe even two,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.96,0:06:36.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,almost all the scientist on earth\Nhave been looking for the dead cat.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.50,0:06:40.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Up until a young American\Nnamed Hugh Everett III
Dialogue: 0,0:06:40.83,0:06:43.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,came up with an incredible solution.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.79,0:06:47.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He thought to himself that if Einstein\Nand De Broglie were really right,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.25,0:06:49.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which seemed to be the case,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.08,0:06:51.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then light and matter are quantum
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.75,0:06:54.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since our whole universe\Nis made of light and matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.67,0:06:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then, there is no reason at all\Nthat the universe itself
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.46,0:06:59.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would not be quantum.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.04,0:07:02.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And consequently, a superposition\Nwithin its different states,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.17,0:07:03.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where there are many possibles.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.96,0:07:08.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What he means is\Nthat when I opened the box,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.58,0:07:10.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two cats were inside
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.29,0:07:14.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when I opened it,\Nour whole universe split into two:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.58,0:07:18.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one where we live now\Nand where the cat is alive,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.60,0:07:20.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the other where it was dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.54,0:07:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This very universe\Nwould be universe parallel to ours
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.08,0:07:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that would remain forever.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.63,0:07:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the end of one his lessons\Non quantum physics,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.09,0:07:29.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Einstein told his students,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.67,0:07:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If you understood what I said,\Nit means I wasn't clear enough."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.71,0:07:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.42,0:07:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hugh Everett III\Ndidn't get the Nobel Prize
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.67,0:07:41.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he published\Nthis paper with his thesis
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.46,0:07:44.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the contrary, he abandoned physics,\Nthinking it was rubbish.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.58,0:07:45.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.71,0:07:47.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He might have been right though.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.42,0:07:49.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But at the time, to check his theory
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.46,0:07:52.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would mean we would need to see\Nevery single atom.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.58,0:07:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See them in their overlapping state,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.04,0:07:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to try them out\Nand actually observe them.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.08,0:08:00.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then again, at this time,\Nit was experimentally out of the question.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.38,0:08:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But not now anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.92,0:08:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At the end of 1990s,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.38,0:08:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Teacher Training College's\Nlaboratories in Paris
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.08,0:08:09.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pr. Serge Haroche's team\Nsucceeded in creating
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.29,0:08:13.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an experiment categorized\Nas "Schrödinger's cat-like."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.04,0:08:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wasn't with a cat,\Nbut with big atoms and light.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.92,0:08:23.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And from this experiment,\Nhe could see that atoms
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.17,0:08:25.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were in overlapping states.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.63,0:08:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same kind as a cat\Nboth dead and alive.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.04,0:08:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He even saw those two states vanish\Nto leave space for only one,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.96,0:08:38.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, in a certain way, to give birth\Nto the world we got used to living in.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.92,0:08:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This very experiment got him\Nthe Nobel Prize in Physics 3 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.92,0:08:47.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We started in 1924\Nwith Louis de Broglie's Nobel Prize
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.83,0:08:51.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and arrived in 2012 with Serge Haroche's,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:51.38,0:08:56.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,following an idea where we traveled\Ndifferent times and lands.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.48,0:08:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why did I tell you all this?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.67,0:09:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why did we follow the hare-brain ideas\Nof all those loony scientists
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.42,0:09:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking about cats dead-alive cats\Nand parallel universe all over the place?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.67,0:09:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it of any use?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.88,0:09:11.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I could honestly understand\Nthat you wouldn't get
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.12,0:09:13.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why we actually fund research.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.17,0:09:15.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, it turns out you'd be wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.67,0:09:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From Broglie's discoveries\Nto Schrödinger's equation
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.96,0:09:22.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,many everyday life objects\Nhave seen the light of day:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.38,0:09:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,computers, mobile phones, lasers
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.50,0:09:30.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and almost all medical equipment\Nyou can find in a hospital.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.12,0:09:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But some of you will ask,\N"What about Haroche's discovery?"
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.02,0:09:35.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it turns out that it allows for
Dialogue: 0,0:09:35.25,0:09:39.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a new industrial\Nand technology revolution.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.88,0:09:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,By succeeding in considering\Nthe cat as both dead and alive
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.96,0:09:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he opened the way\Nto computers of the future
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.04,0:09:49.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they call quantum computers.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.42,0:09:52.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A quantum computer is a machine
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.08,0:09:56.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that uses the overlay\Nof atoms state within its heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.43,0:09:57.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Does that makes sense?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.67,0:10:02.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thanks to this system,\Nthose small atoms and those machines
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.25,0:10:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are capable of calculating\Nas if they were
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.50,0:10:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in billions of different\Nparallel universes at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.50,0:10:14.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This means a single one of these computers\Nwould make all of the computers
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.58,0:10:16.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have nowadays, look like abaci.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.96,0:10:19.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's just that simple.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.67,0:10:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fundamental research\Nis a rather understated discipline,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.92,0:10:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that can sometimes be completely secret.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.88,0:10:29.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet, it is the origin of many revolutions
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.25,0:10:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the genies behind them
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.08,0:10:34.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can emerge anytime and anywhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.21,0:10:38.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here is an example, Serge Haroche,\Nthe same man we talked about earlier,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.33,0:10:42.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who was born in Casablanca, Morocco\Nand arrived in France when he was 12.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.08,0:10:45.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As a small digression,\NI'd like to pinpoint the fact
Dialogue: 0,0:10:45.17,0:10:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we had closed our borders back then,\NFrance would have lost a Nobel Prize
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.88,0:10:51.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and its hypothetical\Nand amazing applications.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.42,0:10:53.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.38,0:11:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientific knowledge\Nbelong to every single person,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:01.88,0:11:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you, me, newborns here,\Nor somewhere else on Earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:05.96,0:11:08.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is our duty to share and pass it on.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:08.88,0:11:11.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is for everyone's sake\Nthat I tell you this.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.29,0:11:14.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Besides, it is very likely\Nthat, in the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.44,0:11:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a child from another country\Nwill hold the keys of our future here
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.08,0:11:22.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not of a parallel universe.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.23,0:11:23.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.56,0:11:25.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)