[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm here to tell you about\Nthe real search
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for alien life.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not little green humanoids\Narriving in shiny UFOs,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,although that would be nice.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's the search for planets
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,orbiting stars far away.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every star in our sky is a sun.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if uur sun has planets --
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, etc.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely those other stars should\Nhave planets also
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-- and they do.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the last two decades,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,astronomers have found\Nthousands of exoplanets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our night sky is literally\Nteeming with exoplanets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know, statistically speaking,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that every star has at least one planet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the search for planets,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in the future, planets \Nthat might be like earth,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're able to help address\N
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the most amazing\Nand mysterious questions
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have faced humankind for centuries.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why are we here?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why does our universe exist?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did earth form and evolve?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How and why did life originate\Nand populate our planet?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second question\Nthat we often think about
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is are we alone?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is there life out there?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who is out there?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, this question\Nhas been around
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for thousands of years,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since at least the time\Nof the Greek philosophers.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, I'm here to tell you\Njust how close we're getting
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to finding out the answer\Nto this question.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the first time in human history
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this really is within reach for us.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now when I think about\Nthe possibilities
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for life out there,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think of the fact that our sun
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is one but many stars.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a photograph of a real galaxy,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we think our milky way \Nlooks like this galaxy.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a collection of bound stars.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But our milky way is one of\Nhundreds of billions of stars
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our galaxy is one of upwards\Nof hundreds of billions of galaxies.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Knowing that small planets \Nare very common,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can just do the math.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there are just so many stars\Nand so many planets out there,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that surely, there must be life\Nsomewhere out there.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, the biologists get furious \Nwith me for saying that,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we have absolutely\Nno evidence
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for life beyond earth, yet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, if we were able to look\Nat our galaxy from the outside
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and zoom in to where our sun is,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see a real map of the stars.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the highlighted stars\Nare ones with known exoplanets,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is really just\Nthe tip of the iceberg.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, this animation is zooming in\Nonto our solar system.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you'll see here some planets\Nas well as some spacecraft
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are also orbiting our sun.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now if we can imagine\Ngoing to the west coast
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of North America and looking out\Non the night sky,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here's what we'd see on a spring night.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can see\Nthe constellations overlaid
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and again, so many stars with planets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a special patch of the sky
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we have thousands of planets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is where the Kepler Space Telescope\Nfocused for many years.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's zoom in and look at\None of the favorite exoplanets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This star is called Kepler 180-6F.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a system of about five planets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And by the way, most of these exoplanets,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we don't know too much about.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know their size, and their orbit\Nand things like that.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there's a very special planet\Nhere called Kepler 180-6F,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this planet is in a zone that is not \Ntoo far from the star,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so that the temperature may be \Njust right for life.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, the artist conniption is just\Nzooming in
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and showing you what that planet\Nmight be like.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, many people have this\Nromantic notion of astronomers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to a telescope\Non a lonely mountaintop
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and looking at the spectacular night sky
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through a big telescope.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But actually, we just work on\Nour computers like everyone else
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we get our data by email\Nor by loading from a database.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So instead of coming here to tell you\Nabout
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the somewhat tedious nature of the data\Nand data analysis
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the complex computer models we make,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I have a different way to try to explain\Nto you
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the things that we're \Nthinking about exoplanets.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's a travel poster:
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Kepler-186f,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where the grass is always redder \Non the other side."
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's because Kepler-186f\Nis a red star,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we're just speculating that\Nperhaps the plants there,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there is vegetation that \Ndoes photosynthesis,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it has different pigments and looks red.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Enjoy the gravity on HD 40307g,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a super-earth.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This planet is more massive than earth
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has a higher surface gravity.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Relax on Kepler-16b,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where your shadow always has company.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We know of a dozen planets\Nthat orbit two stars,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's likely many more out there.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we could visit one of those planets,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you literally would see two sunsets
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have two shadows.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So actually, science fiction \Ngot some things right,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tatooine from Star Wars.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I have a couple of other \Nfavorite exoplanets
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to tell you about.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This one is Kepler-10b,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a hot, hot planet.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It orbits over 50 times closer\Nto its star
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the earth does to our sun.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And actually, it's so hot
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can't visit any of these planets,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if we could,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would melt long before\Nwe got there.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think the surface is hot enough\Nto melt rock
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and has liquid lava lakes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We use 1214b,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this planet,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we know the mass and the size
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it has a fairly low density,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's somewhat warm.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We actually