0:00:59.877,0:01:02.106
Heavenly Father, we come before Thee,

0:01:02.179,0:01:05.216
knee bent and body bowed

0:01:05.251,0:01:07.741
in the humblest way[br]that we know how.

0:01:07.819,0:01:11.517
Father, who controls[br]and knows all things,

0:01:11.624,0:01:16.288
both the living[br]and dying of all creatures.

0:01:16.362,0:01:21.199
Give us the strength and the wisdom[br]to do Thy work.

0:01:21.269,0:01:23.703
In God's name we pray.

0:01:23.771,0:01:27.105
And all God's people say, "Amen."

0:01:49.068,0:01:51.059
When Agave sobered up,

0:01:51.170,0:01:52.934
she looked down and saw[br]the head of her son Pentheus

0:01:53.006,0:01:56.032
- right there in her hands.[br]- She thought he was a wild animal.

0:01:56.109,0:01:57.907
That's how Dionysus got his revenge.

0:01:57.979,0:02:00.310
You a heathen, Henry.

0:02:00.380,0:02:01.872
You know what I got right here?

0:02:01.950,0:02:04.543
- What?[br]- Some of that very wine.

0:02:04.619,0:02:09.887
"When I was a child, I spake as a child.

0:02:11.461,0:02:14.430
"I understood as a child.

0:02:14.531,0:02:17.968
"I thought as a child.

0:02:18.069,0:02:21.129
"But when I became a man,

0:02:22.173,0:02:23.733
I put away all childish things."

0:02:47.603,0:02:49.571
Freshman class...

0:02:49.638,0:02:54.702
I believe we are the most privileged[br]people in America,

0:02:54.811,0:03:00.751
because we have[br]the most important job

0:03:00.818,0:03:03.081
in America:

0:03:03.153,0:03:07.182
The education of our young people.

0:03:35.491,0:03:37.084
Trudell!

0:03:38.595,0:03:41.029
- Who the hell is he?[br]- Oh, he's just my husband.

0:03:45.137,0:03:47.001
I'm gonna cut your head off.

0:03:47.071,0:03:52.375
We must impress upon our young people

0:03:52.446,0:03:56.406
that there will be difficulties[br]that they face.

0:03:56.484,0:03:58.543
Come on, Trudell.[br]Come get this whuppin', boy.

0:03:58.653,0:04:00.587
- Get him down, Trudell.[br]- Scared, ain't ya?

0:04:00.688,0:04:02.781
Huh? You with the razor[br]and twice my size?

0:04:02.890,0:04:05.224
They must defeat them!

0:04:08.397,0:04:15.202
They must do what they have to do[br]in order to do what they want to do.

0:04:15.272,0:04:17.206
Come on, now.

0:04:17.274,0:04:18.832
Come on, baby!

0:04:20.412,0:04:24.849
Education is the only way out.

0:04:26.184,0:04:29.416
Come on, baby. Get up![br]Get up, baby. Come on!

0:04:29.522,0:04:32.390
The way out of ignorance...

0:04:32.459,0:04:34.120
Like cuttin' people, huh, boy?

0:04:34.228,0:04:36.197
Want to cut people, Trudell, huh?

0:04:37.565,0:04:39.794
Get your hands off me!

0:04:39.867,0:04:41.860
The way out of darkness!

0:04:47.610,0:04:51.012
Into...

0:04:51.081,0:04:53.879
the glorious light.

0:05:40.072,0:05:41.801
Come on, now! Give it back!

0:05:41.874,0:05:44.240
- Give it back![br]- "To our precious Hamilton..."

0:05:44.310,0:05:46.574
This isn't funny. Come on.[br]Dunbar, give it back.

0:05:46.645,0:05:49.581
Who do you think you are?[br]Jesse Owens?

0:06:09.774,0:06:12.298
Have a seat.

0:06:15.513,0:06:18.483
"I am...

0:06:18.584,0:06:21.211
"the darker brother.

0:06:21.286,0:06:23.779
"They send me to eat in the kitchen[br]when company comes.

0:06:23.857,0:06:26.257
"But I laugh, and I eat well,

0:06:26.326,0:06:29.361
"and I grow strong.

0:06:29.396,0:06:32.958
"Tomorrow, I will sit at the table[br]when company comes.

0:06:33.034,0:06:35.025
"Nobody'll dare say to me,

0:06:35.103,0:06:37.072
"'Eat in the kitchen' then.

0:06:37.139,0:06:42.077
"Besides, they'll see how beautiful I am,

0:06:42.145,0:06:44.636
"and be ashamed.

0:06:44.714,0:06:49.152
I, too, am America."

0:06:49.220,0:06:51.245
Who wrote that?

0:06:53.725,0:06:55.124
Langston Hughes, 1924.

0:06:55.193,0:06:57.627
1925.

0:06:58.830,0:07:05.293
"Hating you shall be a game[br]played with cool hands."

0:07:06.572,0:07:11.511
"Memory will lay its hands[br]upon your breast,

0:07:11.579,0:07:15.812
and you will understand my hatred."

0:07:15.918,0:07:18.512
Gwendolyn Bennett wrote that.

0:07:18.621,0:07:21.725
She was born in 1902.

0:07:21.760,0:07:24.353
Unofficially.

0:07:24.429,0:07:26.225
You see, in most states,

0:07:26.296,0:07:28.093
Negroes were denied birth certificates,

0:07:28.165,0:07:30.759
which means I can[br]lie about my age the rest of my life.

0:07:32.202,0:07:34.467
You think that's funny?

0:07:36.040,0:07:38.271
To be born...

0:07:38.343,0:07:40.470
without record.

0:07:41.612,0:07:44.378
Mr. Reed, hand these out.

0:07:44.451,0:07:47.079
I'm going to introduce you[br]to some new voices this semester.

0:07:47.153,0:07:49.519
There's a revolution going on.

0:07:49.622,0:07:51.922
In the North. In Harlem.

0:07:52.027,0:07:54.551
They're changing the way[br]Negroes in America think.

0:07:54.662,0:07:57.860
I'm talking about poets[br]like Hughes, Bennett,

0:07:57.933,0:08:00.300
Zora Neale Hurston, Countee Cullen...

0:08:00.436,0:08:02.960
"Some are teethed on a silver spoon,

0:08:03.004,0:08:05.804
"with the stars strung up for a rattle.

0:08:05.843,0:08:08.208
"I cut my teeth[br]as a black raccoon...

0:08:08.277,0:08:10.712
...for implements of battle."

0:08:17.923,0:08:19.914
Meet me after class.

0:08:31.105,0:08:33.733
What's a professor doing[br]in the middle of the night

0:08:33.808,0:08:35.470
dressed like a cotton-chopper?

0:08:35.544,0:08:37.603
What is a student doing[br]in the middle of the night

0:08:37.679,0:08:38.839
throwing his life away?

0:08:38.914,0:08:40.882
It's funny. I thought[br]I was defending myself.

0:08:43.386,0:08:46.583
I remember you.

0:08:46.656,0:08:49.320
Couple of years ago.[br]Then you disappeared.

0:08:49.394,0:08:50.486
What happened?

0:08:50.562,0:08:53.360
I come and go whenever it suits me.

0:08:53.431,0:08:55.490
- Suspensions?[br]- Leaves of absence.

0:08:57.403,0:08:58.836
Why'd you come back?

0:08:58.905,0:09:01.271
School's the only place[br]you can read all day.

0:09:01.340,0:09:03.309
Except prison.

0:09:05.813,0:09:07.974
I want you to come by[br]my house tonight, 7:30.

0:09:08.048,0:09:09.982
- Corner of June and Campus.[br]- Why would I do that?

0:09:10.050,0:09:12.282
Holding tryouts for the debate team.

0:09:14.789,0:09:17.987
- You sure you want somebody like me?[br]- No.

0:09:18.060,0:09:20.621
That's why you're trying out.

0:09:20.697,0:09:22.187
7:30.

0:09:22.265,0:09:24.028
June and Campus.

0:09:49.030,0:09:53.091
"Driven by the wind and tossed..."

0:09:55.371,0:09:57.396
Do well tonight, Junior.

0:10:01.812,0:10:04.111
Of the 360 students here at Wiley College,

0:10:04.215,0:10:08.311
only 45 of you were brave enough[br]to try out for the debate team.

0:10:08.420,0:10:11.116
Of that 45, only four[br]of you will remain standing

0:10:11.190,0:10:13.283
when the tryouts are over... why?

0:10:13.359,0:10:16.488
Because debate is[br]blood sport. It's combat.

0:10:16.563,0:10:18.724
But your weapons are words.

0:10:18.798,0:10:20.163
Come on in.

0:10:20.233,0:10:22.394
Now that Mr. Farmer[br]has joined us, we can begin.

0:10:22.469,0:10:23.767
Sit down, Mr. Farmer.

0:10:23.838,0:10:26.205
Not right there. Over there.

0:10:26.275,0:10:28.105
- Yes, sir.[br]- James. Right this way.

0:10:28.175,0:10:30.235
Good evening, Mrs. Tolson.

0:10:30.312,0:10:32.281
- Evening.[br]- Excuse me.

0:10:32.348,0:10:33.746
We're waiting for you, Mr. Farmer.

0:10:33.815,0:10:35.283
I'm going, sir.

0:10:35.385,0:10:38.752
Thank you, Mr. Farmer.[br]You smell very good, Mr. Farmer.

0:10:38.821,0:10:41.188
- Thank you, sir.[br]- You're very welcome.

0:10:41.258,0:10:43.055
Gentlemen and lady.

0:10:43.127,0:10:45.358
This is...

0:10:45.430,0:10:49.423
the hot spot.

0:10:49.501,0:10:53.371
You will enter it at your own risk.

0:10:53.440,0:10:55.634
Mr. Tolson, what about[br]the debaters from last year?

0:10:55.708,0:10:57.199
Don't ask a question you[br]already know the answer to.

0:10:57.277,0:10:58.539
Get up here. You'll be first.

0:10:58.612,0:11:00.204
Get right here. Hot spot.

0:11:00.280,0:11:02.306
Debate starts with a proposition.

0:11:02.383,0:11:03.907
With an idea..."Resolved:

0:11:03.985,0:11:07.717
Child labor should be regulated[br]by the federal government."

0:11:07.790,0:11:09.849
The first debater argues[br]the affirmative.

0:11:09.959,0:11:11.586
Affirmative means[br]that you are for something.

0:11:11.694,0:11:13.218
Mr. Reed will argue the affirmative.

0:11:13.329,0:11:14.958
The second debater[br]argues the negative.

0:11:15.066,0:11:16.498
Negative means that you are what?

0:11:16.566,0:11:17.498
Against.

0:11:17.567,0:11:19.399
Brilliant, Mr. Burgess.

0:11:19.470,0:11:22.439
You shall argue[br]the affirmative, Mr. Reed. Go.

0:11:22.506,0:11:27.000
Well, sir, I'd begin with a quote[br]from the poet Cleghorn.

0:11:27.078,0:11:31.278
"The golf links lie so near the mill,

0:11:31.351,0:11:34.650
"that almost every day,

0:11:34.721,0:11:38.317
"the laboring children[br]can look out and...

0:11:38.392,0:11:40.257
and..."

0:11:44.165,0:11:46.634
Is that what you learned[br]from last year, Mr. Reed?

0:11:46.702,0:11:48.965
To start something,[br]and not finish it?

0:11:49.037,0:11:50.597
- Is it?[br]- No, sir.

0:11:50.707,0:11:52.368
Sit down.

0:11:55.846,0:11:58.873
Who's next? You? Stand up.

0:11:58.950,0:12:01.350
Stand up.

0:12:02.787,0:12:05.154
It's getting late.[br]How much longer can you hide?

0:12:05.224,0:12:07.658
I'm not hiding, sir.[br]I transferred from my college

0:12:07.727,0:12:09.353
just to come here[br]and try out for your team.

0:12:09.427,0:12:10.758
I am deeply moved. What's your name?

0:12:10.828,0:12:12.320
Samantha Booke.

0:12:12.399,0:12:13.696
- Book?[br]- With an "e."

0:12:13.767,0:12:17.225
Arise, Miss Booke. With an "e."

0:12:18.271,0:12:22.675
Into the hot spot,[br]Miss Booke with an "e."

0:12:22.743,0:12:26.737
You know, there's never been a female[br]on the debating team, ever.

0:12:26.815,0:12:28.442
Yes, sir. I know that.

0:12:28.517,0:12:30.883
What makes you think[br]you should be the first?

0:12:30.952,0:12:33.216
Because, sir, I am just as qualified as...

0:12:33.288,0:12:35.019
- Quit stammering, Miss Booke.[br]... anybody else here.

0:12:35.092,0:12:36.820
- My gender has nothing...[br]- "Resolved:

0:12:36.893,0:12:39.658
Welfare discourages hard work."

0:12:39.730,0:12:42.858
- You'll argue the negative.[br]- All right.

0:12:42.933,0:12:46.630
Welfare takes away a man's[br]strongest reason for working,

0:12:46.703,0:12:49.299
which is survival.

0:12:49.408,0:12:50.966
And that weakens the will of the poor.

0:12:51.077,0:12:54.180
How would you rebut that,[br]Miss Booke with an "e"?

0:12:54.215,0:12:56.274
I would say it does not.

0:12:56.383,0:12:59.443
Most of the New Deal[br]goes to children, anyway,

0:12:59.519,0:13:01.681
and to the handicapped,[br]and to old people...

0:13:01.756,0:13:03.189
- Is that fact, or conjecture?[br]- It is a fact.

0:13:03.257,0:13:05.658
- Speak up.[br]- It is a fact.

0:13:05.727,0:13:07.490
- What's your source?[br]- The president.

0:13:07.563,0:13:09.929
- Of the United States?[br]- Yes, sir.

0:13:09.998,0:13:13.162
That's your primary source? You spoke[br]to President Roosevelt personally?

0:13:13.236,0:13:15.636
Of course not. I did not[br]speak to him personally,

0:13:15.705,0:13:17.297
but I listened to his Fireside Chat.

0:13:17.374,0:13:20.275
- Oh, a radio broadcast.[br]- Yes.

0:13:20.344,0:13:22.505
- Any other sources?[br]- Well...

0:13:22.613,0:13:24.581
Any other sources?

0:13:26.918,0:13:29.012
Yes, there are other sources.

0:13:29.122,0:13:31.817
Like that look in a mother's eyes[br]when she can't feed her kids.

0:13:31.891,0:13:35.327
Without welfare, Mr. Tolson,[br]people would be starving.

0:13:35.394,0:13:36.555
Who's starving, Miss Booke?

0:13:36.630,0:13:38.996
- The unemployed are starving.[br]- Mr. Burgess here.

0:13:39.066,0:13:41.433
He's unemployed.[br]Obviously, he's not starving.

0:13:43.271,0:13:45.535
I drew you in, Miss Booke.

0:13:45.607,0:13:49.339
You gave a faulty premise,[br]so your syllogism fell apart.

0:13:49.411,0:13:51.345
- "Syllogism"?[br]- Your logic fell apart.

0:13:51.413,0:13:53.381
Major premise:[br]The unemployed are starving.

0:13:53.449,0:13:55.942
Minor premise:[br]Mr. Burgess is unemployed.

0:13:56.053,0:13:58.544
Conclusion: Mr. Burgess is starving.

0:13:58.656,0:14:01.489
Your major premise was[br]based on a faulty assumption.

0:14:01.559,0:14:04.358
Classic fallacy. Who's next?

0:14:11.739,0:14:13.899
You were right.

0:14:13.973,0:14:15.201
Tell us your name.

0:14:15.275,0:14:17.574
I'm Henry Lowe. With an "e."

0:14:18.612,0:14:21.582
All right, Mr. Lowe. I will name a subject.

0:14:21.650,0:14:24.346
You speak a few words...[br]a pertinent quote from world literature.

0:14:24.419,0:14:25.648
Go ahead.

0:14:27.957,0:14:28.980
Beauty.

0:14:30.994,0:14:32.484
"I heard the old, old men say,

0:14:32.596,0:14:34.962
all that is beautiful[br]drifts away, like the waters."

0:14:36.033,0:14:37.433
Very good.

0:14:37.502,0:14:40.699
History. And name[br]the author this time.

0:14:40.772,0:14:43.867
"History is a nightmare,[br]from which I am trying to awake."

0:14:43.943,0:14:45.308
James Joyce.

0:14:48.415,0:14:50.075
Self-pity.

0:14:53.321,0:14:57.553
"I never saw a wild thing[br]sorry for itself."

0:14:57.625,0:14:58.922
D.H. Lawrence.

0:15:00.729,0:15:03.562
I love D.H. Lawrence. Have you ever read...

0:15:03.599,0:15:04.657
Mr. Farmer.

0:15:04.766,0:15:06.826
Yes, sir?

0:15:06.936,0:15:10.373
I have eyes in the back of my head[br]and ears on both sides. Stand up.

0:15:12.809,0:15:17.179
Tell me the irony in the name[br]"Bethlehem Steel Corporation."

0:15:19.217,0:15:23.518
Bethlehem is the birthplace of Jesus,[br]Prince of Peace,

0:15:23.589,0:15:26.422
and Bethlehem Steel[br]makes weapons of war.

0:15:26.492,0:15:28.961
Very good. Sit down.

0:15:30.130,0:15:31.119
Good.

0:15:31.198,0:15:32.893
Who's next?

0:15:33.033,0:15:34.830
That went well.[br]How will we know how we did?

0:15:34.901,0:15:37.565
Samantha.

0:15:39.140,0:15:41.109
Samantha.

0:15:43.479,0:15:45.675
Tolson's tough, isn't he?

0:15:45.749,0:15:47.740
He sure is.

0:15:48.951,0:15:51.820
I'm James.

0:15:51.889,0:15:53.948
Is your father Dr. James Farmer?

0:15:54.025,0:15:56.016
Yes... yes, he is.

0:15:56.093,0:15:59.495
I'm taking theology from him,[br]and that man speaks in tongues.

0:15:59.564,0:16:01.623
French, Greek, Hebrew, Latin...

0:16:01.700,0:16:03.362
How many languages[br]does he speak?

0:16:03.436,0:16:07.533
- Seven languages.[br]- "Seven languages."

0:16:07.608,0:16:10.440
He must be the smartest man in Texas.

0:16:10.543,0:16:12.445
Well, that's not saying much.

0:16:13.581,0:16:16.550
So why do you want[br]to be on the team?

0:16:16.618,0:16:20.215
- I think it would be good training.[br]- For what?

0:16:20.290,0:16:22.621
Bein' a lawyer.

0:16:22.692,0:16:25.253
Lawyer? That's great.

0:16:25.329,0:16:28.196
You know how many Negro[br]women practice law in this state?

0:16:28.265,0:16:29.528
- Two.[br]- Exactly.

0:16:29.600,0:16:31.624
One of them's my aunt.

0:16:31.702,0:16:34.332
Well, look at you, Mr. Farmer.

0:16:34.406,0:16:35.964
How old are you, anyway?

0:16:36.041,0:16:38.635
I'll be 16...

0:16:38.711,0:16:39.973
in 21 months.

0:16:40.045,0:16:44.380
Young lady. James.[br]I just wanted to thank you.

0:16:44.484,0:16:46.179
For what?

0:16:46.286,0:16:47.878
Well, for your performance tonight.

0:16:47.987,0:16:50.046
I mean, how many other students[br]ever stand up to Tolson?

0:16:50.156,0:16:51.419
- I did.[br]- No.

0:16:51.492,0:16:54.790
You answered a question,[br]and I spouted a few quotes.

0:16:54.861,0:16:56.888
Miss Booke with an "e,"

0:16:56.965,0:16:59.900
- she fought back.[br]- And lost!

0:16:59.968,0:17:02.129
But you didn't have to lose.

0:17:02.204,0:17:05.299
Why isn't a Fireside Chat[br]a legitimate source?

0:17:05.375,0:17:07.775
Because Tolson says so?

0:17:07.844,0:17:12.509
Nobody has better access[br]to those statistics than the president.

0:17:12.583,0:17:16.986
Now, if you'd have called Tolson on that,[br]you would have won.

0:17:17.087,0:17:21.821
I don't know. I'm sure that man[br]would have come up with something.

0:17:21.893,0:17:23.657
Good night, James.

0:17:23.729,0:17:25.390
Can you believe he's

0:17:25.464,0:17:27.524
- Good night, Samantha.[br]- 14 years old, and he's in college?

0:17:29.836,0:17:32.601
You are gifted, all of you.

0:17:32.673,0:17:35.141
So I want you to know that I chose[br]this team for balance,

0:17:35.209,0:17:38.235
and none of you should[br]take it as a failure...

0:17:38.312,0:17:40.441
as a denigration of your intellect.

0:17:40.517,0:17:41.847
Denigrate. There's a word for you.

0:17:41.917,0:17:44.853
From the Latin word "niger,"[br]to defame, to blacken.

0:17:44.921,0:17:46.946
It's always there, isn't it?[br]Even in the dictionary.

0:17:47.023,0:17:50.482
Even in the speech[br]of a Negro professor.

0:17:50.594,0:17:54.725
Somehow, "black" is always[br]equated with failure.

0:17:54.833,0:17:57.357
Well, write your own dictionary.

0:17:57.469,0:17:59.937
And mark this as a new beginning,

0:18:00.005,0:18:02.736
whether you make the team or not.

0:18:02.809,0:18:07.974
The Wiley College Forensics[br]Society of 1935-1936 is as follows:

0:18:08.047,0:18:10.676
The debaters...

0:18:10.752,0:18:13.549
will be Mr. Hamilton Burgess[br]from last year's team...

0:18:13.620,0:18:17.353
- Yea![br]- Sit down, Mr. Burgess.

0:18:18.359,0:18:21.557
Mr. Henry Lowe.

0:18:21.630,0:18:23.531
Our alternates.

0:18:23.633,0:18:26.966
Miss Samantha Booke. With an "e."

0:18:28.305,0:18:30.968
And finally...

0:18:32.310,0:18:34.574
Junior, slow down.

0:18:34.645,0:18:36.738
- Where's Dad?[br]- Quiet. He's writing a lecture.

0:18:40.819,0:18:42.754
- Dad.[br]- Junior.

0:18:42.822,0:18:46.019
What is the greatest[br]weakness of man?

0:18:48.562,0:18:50.689
Not believing? Doubt?

0:18:51.699,0:18:55.159
That's it. Thank you, Junior.

0:18:55.238,0:18:56.864
Matthew 14:31.

0:18:56.972,0:18:59.568
- That will be the lesson.[br]- Dad.

0:18:59.676,0:19:04.613
"O you of little faith,[br]why do you doubt me?"

0:19:04.715,0:19:06.411
Dad?

0:19:06.484,0:19:07.882
What is it, son?

0:19:07.951,0:19:10.477
I made the debate team.

0:19:10.555,0:19:12.647
Well, congratulations.

0:19:12.724,0:19:14.625
And who is on your team?

0:19:14.693,0:19:18.060
Um, there's four of us.[br]I'm one of the alternates.

0:19:19.064,0:19:20.053
Who's ahead of you?

0:19:20.132,0:19:22.624
Hamilton Burgess and Henry Lowe.

0:19:22.702,0:19:25.330
And the other alternate's[br]Samantha Booke.

0:19:25.405,0:19:27.067
There's a girl?

0:19:27.141,0:19:29.336
She wants to be a lawyer.

0:19:29.443,0:19:32.208
- A lawyer?[br]- She's very intelligent.

0:19:34.782,0:19:36.911
Is she pretty?

0:19:37.020,0:19:40.285
I don't know.[br]I never really noticed.

0:19:40.356,0:19:43.383
Because extracurricular activities[br]like the debate team are fine,

0:19:43.460,0:19:45.894
but you must not take[br]your eye off the ball, son.

0:19:45.963,0:19:49.263
Yes, sir.

0:19:49.333,0:19:52.201
So what do we do here?

0:19:52.270,0:19:55.603
We do what we have to do,[br]so we can do what we want to do.

0:19:55.674,0:19:58.110
What do you have to do right now?

0:19:58.178,0:20:00.009
- My homework.[br]- So get to it.

0:20:00.079,0:20:01.672
Yes, sir.

0:20:11.426,0:20:14.362
My daddy owns a grocery store[br]that has apples, bananas, cookies,

0:20:14.430,0:20:16.330
doughnuts, eggs, figs,

0:20:16.398,0:20:18.593
and "gonzola" beans.

0:20:18.667,0:20:21.535
Right. What's a gonzola bean?

0:20:21.605,0:20:23.665
- Hogwash![br]- Hogwash!

0:20:23.741,0:20:24.765
"Gonzola" bean?

0:20:24.875,0:20:27.877
Ready, set, go!

0:20:27.912,0:20:30.939
- Apricots, uh...[br]- Hogwash.

0:20:31.016,0:20:32.483
What, no apricots?

0:20:32.551,0:20:34.782
Look out!

0:20:38.558,0:20:40.025
What was that?

0:20:40.126,0:20:41.857
I'm not sure.

0:20:51.340,0:20:52.807
Sit down.

0:20:52.875,0:20:55.310
You stay put.

0:20:55.379,0:20:57.370
Be still.

0:21:04.789,0:21:06.689
What is it?

0:21:06.758,0:21:08.420
It's a pig.

0:21:08.494,0:21:10.189
Hit a pig.

0:21:10.295,0:21:12.024
Shut up, dog!

0:21:12.131,0:21:13.861
Junior, get in the car.

0:21:13.967,0:21:15.900
What the hell happened to my hog?

0:21:15.968,0:21:18.302
Sorry about that.[br]Came out of nowhere.

0:21:18.372,0:21:19.566
I didn't see it coming.

0:21:19.640,0:21:21.540
You done killed my hog, boy.

0:21:21.609,0:21:24.237
Truly sorry. Gladly pay you for it.

0:21:24.311,0:21:27.179
How much...[br]How much you want?

0:21:29.316,0:21:31.443
It's gonna cost you $25.

0:21:32.788,0:21:35.451
Only have a few bucks on me[br]right now, but I can...

0:21:43.834,0:21:45.927
I do have a check.

0:21:46.036,0:21:48.096
My monthly check,[br]for Wiley College in Marshall.

0:21:48.206,0:21:51.437
It's for $17.36.

0:21:51.509,0:21:53.774
You may have that.

0:21:53.846,0:21:55.780
I will endorse that over to you.

0:21:57.751,0:22:00.344
You'll do what?

0:22:00.419,0:22:02.514
I will sign the check over to you.

0:22:02.590,0:22:05.183
Well, let me see it.

0:22:05.258,0:22:08.751
It's in the car, with my wife.

0:22:08.830,0:22:11.322
Gonna walk to the car now.

0:22:15.070,0:22:17.096
Junior, get in the car.

0:22:23.215,0:22:26.183
Give me that salary check, Pearl.

0:22:26.250,0:22:28.014
We need that money, James.

0:22:28.086,0:22:29.246
Just give me the check.

0:22:29.321,0:22:31.516
Go on.

0:22:33.860,0:22:36.020
His wife has it.

0:22:37.498,0:22:38.726
I thought it was in here.

0:22:38.799,0:22:40.357
Just relax. It's all right.

0:22:40.434,0:22:41.765
It's in here. You'll find it.

0:22:44.238,0:22:46.707
Here it is.

0:22:49.779,0:22:51.473
Here it is.

0:22:54.151,0:22:56.619
That check better be good, boy.

0:22:56.719,0:22:58.688
It's good.

0:23:04.462,0:23:06.260
Well, pick it up!

0:23:19.245,0:23:22.580
Here it is.

0:23:22.684,0:23:24.446
Whoa, whoa, whoa![br]Where the hell do you think you're going?

0:23:24.552,0:23:27.420
You got to help us[br]get this hog in my truck.

0:23:27.489,0:23:29.286
Come on. Grab the tail end of that, boy.

0:23:33.262,0:23:34.786
All right, on three.

0:23:34.864,0:23:37.493
One, two, three!

0:23:37.568,0:23:40.230
Town niggers. They think[br]they're too good to get their hands dirty.

0:23:57.491,0:24:00.825
- Dad...[br]- I told you to get in the car.

0:24:00.962,0:24:03.931
When I tell you to do[br]something, Junior, you do it.

0:24:07.035,0:24:08.093
Who's the judge?

0:24:08.170,0:24:09.695
The judge is God.

0:24:09.772,0:24:11.069
Why is he God?

0:24:11.140,0:24:13.574
Because he decides[br]who wins or loses,

0:24:13.643,0:24:14.736
not my opponent.

0:24:14.812,0:24:15.836
Who is your opponent?

0:24:15.913,0:24:17.379
He doesn't exist.

0:24:17.447,0:24:19.076
Why does he not exist?

0:24:19.150,0:24:21.914
He's merely a dissenting voice[br]to the truth I speak.

0:24:22.120,0:24:23.815
Who's the judge?

0:24:23.855,0:24:25.823
- The judge is God![br]- The judge is God!

0:24:25.857,0:24:27.349
Why is he God?

0:24:27.427,0:24:30.759
Because he decides who wins or loses,[br]not my opponent!

0:24:30.863,0:24:31.762
Who is your opponent?

0:24:31.865,0:24:33.628
He doesn't exist!

0:24:33.734,0:24:35.292
Why doesn't he exist?

0:24:35.402,0:24:39.031
Because he is merely a dissenting voice[br]to the truth I speak!

0:24:40.943,0:24:41.932
Who's the judge?

0:24:42.011,0:24:43.410
The judge is God!

0:24:43.479,0:24:44.707
Why is he God?

0:24:44.780,0:24:48.547
Because he decides who wins or loses,[br]not my opponent!

0:24:48.618,0:24:49.812
Who's your opponent?

0:24:49.886,0:24:51.080
He doesn't exist!

0:24:51.154,0:24:52.678
Why does he not exist?

0:24:52.756,0:24:56.284
Because he is merely a dissenting voice[br]to the truth I speak!

0:24:56.360,0:24:57.657
Who's the judge?

0:24:57.728,0:24:58.787
The judge is God!

0:24:58.864,0:24:59.694
Louder!

0:24:59.765,0:25:01.288
The judge is God!

0:25:01.432,0:25:02.492
Why is he God?

0:25:02.535,0:25:05.799
Because he decides who wins or loses,[br]not my opponent!

0:25:05.871,0:25:06.861
Who's your opponent?

0:25:06.973,0:25:08.065
He doesn't exist!

0:25:08.174,0:25:09.402
Why does he not exist?

0:25:09.475,0:25:13.105
Because he is merely a dissenting voice[br]to the truth I speak!

0:25:13.180,0:25:14.147
Speak the truth!

0:25:14.214,0:25:15.545
Speak the truth!

0:25:15.616,0:25:17.175
Yes, sir, I do like to talk.

0:25:17.252,0:25:19.117
Is that a virtue or a vice?

0:25:19.187,0:25:23.954
Well, I have to admit I've always wanted[br]to be the quiet, mysterious type,

0:25:24.025,0:25:26.120
only I couldn't keep[br]my mouth shut long enough.

0:25:26.196,0:25:29.029
Would you punch yourself[br]in a street fight, Mr. Burgess?

0:25:30.367,0:25:31.459
No, sir.

0:25:31.536,0:25:33.230
Then don't punch yourself in a word fight.

0:25:33.303,0:25:34.965
You don't have to make fun of yourself.

0:25:35.039,0:25:39.977
Use your humor against your opponent.

0:25:40.045,0:25:41.239
Mr. Farmer!

0:25:41.347,0:25:42.372
Yes, sir.

0:25:43.782,0:25:45.773
Happy Mr. Farmer.

0:25:45.884,0:25:48.183
Tell us one thing we don't[br]know about your father.

0:25:48.254,0:25:49.482
He was the first Negro Ph...

0:25:49.556,0:25:52.924
One thing we don't know[br]about your father, Mr. Farmer.

0:25:54.862,0:26:01.064
He walked from Florida to Massachusetts[br]to go to college at Boston University.

0:26:01.204,0:26:03.331
He graduated magna cum laude.

0:26:03.373,0:26:05.466
Mr. Lowe!

0:26:09.479,0:26:10.707
Tell us about your father.

0:26:10.813,0:26:13.374
Why don't you tell us something[br]about your father?

0:26:13.484,0:26:15.543
We're trying to get[br]to know each other, Mr. Lowe.

0:26:15.652,0:26:17.643
I was trying to get[br]to know you, Mr. Tolson.

0:26:17.756,0:26:19.519
I'm not the one on the debate team.

0:26:19.591,0:26:22.058
Are we not engaged[br]in a debate right now?

0:26:23.195,0:26:25.424
All right.

0:26:25.497,0:26:27.557
I'll take the affirmative.

0:26:29.970,0:26:35.033
Take the meanest...[br]most restless nigger,

0:26:35.108,0:26:37.077
strip him of his clothes

0:26:37.145,0:26:39.340
in front of the remaining male niggers,[br]female niggers,

0:26:39.414,0:26:40.575
and nigger infants.

0:26:40.649,0:26:42.479
Tar and feather him.

0:26:42.550,0:26:45.646
Tie each leg to a horse[br]facing an opposite direction,

0:26:45.755,0:26:46.880
set him on fire,

0:26:46.989,0:26:50.426
and beat both horses[br]until they tear him apart

0:26:50.493,0:26:53.861
in front of the male,[br]female, and nigger infants.

0:26:53.931,0:26:57.867
Bullwhip and beat[br]the remaining nigger males

0:26:57.935,0:26:59.301
within an inch of their life.

0:26:59.371,0:27:02.102
Do not kill them, but put[br]the fear of God in them,

0:27:02.141,0:27:04.836
for they can be useful for future breeding.

0:27:04.876,0:27:06.573
Anybody know[br]who Willie Lynch was?

0:27:06.647,0:27:08.046
Anybody? Raise your hand.

0:27:08.115,0:27:09.308
No one?

0:27:09.382,0:27:11.647
He was a vicious slave owner[br]in the West Indies.

0:27:11.718,0:27:14.152
The slave-masters[br]in the colony of Virginia

0:27:14.221,0:27:16.554
were having trouble[br]controlling their slaves,

0:27:16.658,0:27:20.116
so they sent for Mr. Lynch[br]to teach them his methods.

0:27:20.228,0:27:23.721
The word "lynching"[br]came from his last name.

0:27:23.833,0:27:28.032
His methods were very simple,[br]but they were diabolical.

0:27:28.105,0:27:32.166
Keep the slave physically strong[br]but psychologically weak

0:27:32.242,0:27:33.938
and dependent on the slave master.

0:27:34.011,0:27:37.413
Keep the body, take the mind.

0:27:38.951,0:27:44.049
I... and every other[br]professor on this campus

0:27:44.124,0:27:46.752
are here to help you...

0:27:48.595,0:27:51.565
to find, take back,

0:27:51.632,0:27:56.002
and keep your righteous mind...

0:27:56.071,0:27:59.735
because obviously you have lost it.

0:28:01.644,0:28:04.341
That's all you need to know about me,[br]Mr. Lowe.

0:28:08.117,0:28:09.710
Class dismissed.

0:28:35.450,0:28:36.508
Hey!

0:29:54.877,0:29:55.935
Here you go, honey.

0:29:56.012,0:29:57.001
Thank you.

0:29:58.714,0:29:59.646
Want to dance?

0:29:59.715,0:30:00.944
Yes.

0:30:02.085,0:30:03.313
Come on.

0:30:19.773,0:30:21.570
You're a good dancer.

0:30:21.641,0:30:23.371
Thank you. I...

0:30:23.444,0:30:25.970
I practice in my room.

0:30:26.048,0:30:27.981
Keep at it.

0:30:29.317,0:30:30.752
Excuse me.

0:30:30.820,0:30:32.377
Your punch.

0:30:32.454,0:30:34.514
Thank you.

0:30:37.160,0:30:39.186
I guess I better go[br]get me some punch.

0:30:39.296,0:30:41.025
Here, you can have mine if you want.

0:30:41.131,0:30:43.223
It's good.

0:30:43.334,0:30:44.893
All right?

0:30:48.038,0:30:50.131
You know I can take you to a place

0:30:50.207,0:30:51.334
that plays real music, right?

0:30:51.409,0:30:53.240
I'm not leaving here, Henry.

0:30:53.311,0:30:54.243
Just for a spell.

0:30:54.312,0:30:55.973
I'll bring you right back.

0:30:56.047,0:30:59.245
And what would my chaperone say?

0:30:59.318,0:31:01.344
We'll be back before she[br]ever knows you're gone.

0:31:07.195,0:31:09.185
What's the matter? You afraid?

0:31:19.542,0:31:20.941
What's the matter?

0:31:21.010,0:31:22.341
You afraid?

0:31:30.955,0:31:32.389
Excuse me.

0:32:05.096,0:32:06.563
Mr. Tolson?

0:32:29.524,0:32:31.424
Mr. Tolson!

0:33:30.028,0:33:32.157
It's time. Let's go.

0:33:40.207,0:33:42.335
...break your back all day.

0:33:43.978,0:33:46.209
And it's not right[br]when they lie to the government

0:33:46.282,0:33:49.115
and tell them that sharecroppers[br]are just wage earners

0:33:49.184,0:33:51.914
so they don't have to split[br]their farmer's subsidies with you.

0:33:51.987,0:33:54.514
And that's why[br]the Southern Tenant Farmers Union

0:33:54.592,0:33:55.853
wants you to organize:

0:33:55.926,0:33:57.291
To make things right.

0:33:57.360,0:33:58.919
How? Strike?

0:33:59.030,0:34:00.930
Hell, they'll just bring in the Mexicans.

0:34:01.098,0:34:02.065
We'll organize them, too.

0:34:02.166,0:34:05.136
Yeah, so they can shoot us all down:[br]White, colored, and Mexican.

0:34:05.170,0:34:06.796
That's exactly what they[br]want you to believe.

0:34:06.837,0:34:08.864
The farm bosses[br]want you to believe they'll make war.

0:34:08.942,0:34:11.968
They won't. They may be fools,[br]but they're smart businessmen.

0:34:12.045,0:34:13.410
And once we're organized,

0:34:13.479,0:34:15.277
they'll see even guns can't stop us.

0:34:15.349,0:34:16.646
Stopped them in Elaine.

0:34:16.717,0:34:18.150
Why don't you talk about that?

0:34:18.218,0:34:20.915
About how they killed[br]a hundred colored sharecroppers

0:34:20.989,0:34:22.149
for trying to organize.

0:34:22.223,0:34:23.315
That was 1919, friend.

0:34:23.391,0:34:26.759
And that was my daddy[br]they gunned down, friend.

0:34:26.829,0:34:28.056
We're sorry about that.

0:34:28.129,0:34:30.099
But those men stood alone.

0:34:30.167,0:34:31.464
That's my point.

0:34:31.568,0:34:33.262
This is 1935.

0:34:33.369,0:34:35.167
We've got the National[br]Labor Relations Board.

0:34:35.238,0:34:36.535
We've got the AF of L.

0:34:36.607,0:34:38.041
You ain't got shit!

0:34:38.109,0:34:39.701
He ain't got shit!

0:34:51.123,0:34:52.592
Here they come![br]Here they come!

0:34:52.660,0:34:55.389
Get the lights! Everybody get down!

0:34:55.462,0:34:57.192
Get down. Shh!

0:35:41.983,0:35:43.007
Come on!

0:35:48.122,0:35:51.159
Let's get out of here!

0:35:51.194,0:35:53.424
This way! This way! This way!

0:35:53.496,0:35:54.554
Come on!

0:36:11.752,0:36:13.413
Come on. Come on!

0:36:26.702,0:36:27.999
Come on!

0:36:28.070,0:36:30.039
All right. All right.

0:36:32.374,0:36:35.776
What are you doing out here? Huh?

0:36:35.846,0:36:37.906
I saw you... I was[br]walking by your house,

0:36:37.982,0:36:39.313
and I saw you dressed funny.

0:36:39.383,0:36:40.510
I'm dressed like them, son.

0:36:40.586,0:36:43.680
You think they'd listen to me[br]if I was wearing a tuxedo? Huh?

0:36:43.789,0:36:44.687
No, sir.

0:36:44.790,0:36:45.779
Listen to me.

0:36:45.891,0:36:47.017
You listening?

0:36:47.126,0:36:49.493
You cannot tell anybody[br]what you saw tonight.

0:36:49.562,0:36:50.529
You understand?

0:36:50.597,0:36:52.155
Not even my wife[br]knows about this.

0:36:52.265,0:36:53.732
I won't tell anybody, I promise.

0:36:53.833,0:36:55.530
I promise on a stack of Bibles...

0:36:55.604,0:36:56.536
Jesus.

0:36:56.605,0:36:57.764
...I won't tell anybody.

0:37:01.977,0:37:03.001
Come on.

0:37:39.922,0:37:41.048
Junior?

0:37:42.858,0:37:44.952
Are you just going to stand there?

0:37:46.129,0:37:47.460
No, sir.

0:37:57.375,0:37:58.706
Sorry I'm late.

0:37:58.777,0:38:01.542
You're sorry?

0:38:01.681,0:38:04.309
It's 1:00 in the morning.

0:38:04.350,0:38:06.046
I've been looking everywhere for you.

0:38:06.086,0:38:09.214
I went to Mr. Tolson's[br]house after the dance.

0:38:11.159,0:38:13.922
I thought you might have done that.

0:38:13.994,0:38:16.487
That's why I went over there.

0:38:16.565,0:38:18.964
And I talked to Ruth.

0:38:19.033,0:38:22.493
She said Tolson was gone[br]and that you weren't there.

0:38:22.572,0:38:25.803
So I'm going to give you another chance.

0:38:27.177,0:38:28.838
Where were you?

0:38:28.945,0:38:30.914
I can't tell you, sir.

0:38:31.015,0:38:32.243
Good Lord, boy.

0:38:32.316,0:38:34.409
We've been worried to death about you.

0:38:34.485,0:38:35.452
Junior...

0:38:37.090,0:38:39.057
where were you?

0:38:40.592,0:38:42.390
I can't tell you, sir.

0:38:42.462,0:38:43.394
Why not?

0:38:43.463,0:38:45.055
I don't know.

0:38:45.131,0:38:46.292
"I don't know."

0:38:47.902,0:38:51.395
"I don't know" is not[br]an acceptable answer, Junior.

0:38:51.473,0:38:52.906
Junior.

0:38:52.974,0:38:55.033
Silence is not an option, either.

0:38:56.411,0:38:58.346
Son, you been drinking?

0:38:58.447,0:38:59.574
Honey...

0:38:59.683,0:39:01.775
Because you must've been drinking[br]coming up in my house

0:39:01.951,0:39:05.444
talking about you don't want to tell me[br]where you been at 1:30 in the morning?

0:39:05.488,0:39:06.751
Baby, tell me, what's the matter?

0:39:06.823,0:39:07.950
Mom, nothing's the matter.

0:39:08.026,0:39:09.050
Something's the matter!

0:39:09.127,0:39:11.151
Something is wrong!

0:39:11.228,0:39:12.491
Were you with that girl?

0:39:12.563,0:39:14.225
- You were with that girl.[br]- No.

0:39:14.300,0:39:16.165
Because you're 14 years old, Junior.

0:39:16.234,0:39:18.226
You've got plenty of time for girls later.

0:39:18.304,0:39:19.498
I wasn't with Samantha.

0:39:19.571,0:39:20.664
Junior.

0:39:22.609,0:39:24.304
Then where were you?

0:39:27.448,0:39:29.473
Where were you, honey?

0:39:31.253,0:39:32.446
You don't want to talk?

0:39:32.553,0:39:34.887
Fine.

0:39:34.958,0:39:36.619
But you're not leaving this house.

0:39:36.726,0:39:38.158
What do you mean?

0:39:38.226,0:39:39.194
Just what I said.

0:39:39.295,0:39:41.992
You're not leaving this house[br]until you tell me the truth!

0:39:42.066,0:39:43.293
What about school?

0:39:43.367,0:39:45.232
Don't go questioning[br]what I just said, boy!

0:39:45.302,0:39:46.234
Mom, what about school?

0:39:46.303,0:39:47.235
And don't raise your voice!

0:39:47.304,0:39:48.293
I'm not raising my voice!

0:39:48.372,0:39:49.704
You raising your voice in the house?

0:39:49.774,0:39:50.706
Apologize to your father.

0:39:50.775,0:39:52.300
I'm not raising my voice!

0:39:52.378,0:39:53.708
You get a job, pay your own way?

0:39:53.778,0:39:54.745
You're a man now?

0:39:54.813,0:39:55.871
I'm not raising my voice!

0:39:55.947,0:39:57.007
Just apologize!

0:39:57.084,0:39:58.051
I didn't say anything!

0:39:58.118,0:39:59.482
Why should I apologize?

0:39:59.552,0:40:01.851
Like you apologized to that pig farmer?

0:40:01.989,0:40:03.718
What did you say, boy?

0:40:10.597,0:40:12.259
You go to your room.

0:40:15.303,0:40:17.066
Okay, Junior...

0:40:28.119,0:40:30.587
I'm not going to be weak on this, Pearl.

0:40:31.788,0:40:33.121
I know.

0:40:34.593,0:40:38.256
I can't allow my son to be corrupted.

0:40:38.363,0:40:39.796
You're right.

0:40:41.268,0:40:43.735
Let's just go to bed.

0:40:43.803,0:40:45.635
I'll take him to school in the morning.

0:40:45.706,0:40:47.172
All right?

0:40:48.342,0:40:49.570
All right.

0:41:02.359,0:41:04.224
I'm going to be honest with you, boys.

0:41:04.261,0:41:05.626
I'm not well.

0:41:05.662,0:41:08.257
I'm not well at all this morning.

0:41:08.332,0:41:09.799
I'm sure sorry to hear that, sir.

0:41:09.867,0:41:10.856
You look well to me.

0:41:10.935,0:41:12.062
Don't he look well, Sam?

0:41:12.171,0:41:14.138
Yes, sir. He looks real good.

0:41:14.205,0:41:18.644
Now, we got some white fellas[br]from up north come into our town.

0:41:18.711,0:41:21.680
They're stirring up trouble[br]between our coloreds and our whites.

0:41:21.748,0:41:23.613
They say that we need to make a union:

0:41:23.683,0:41:26.209
The sharecroppers[br]and the workers all together,

0:41:26.287,0:41:27.481
colored and white.

0:41:27.555,0:41:29.386
They need to make a union?

0:41:29.457,0:41:31.392
How do you boys feel about that?

0:41:31.460,0:41:32.722
I don't know, sir.

0:41:32.794,0:41:34.786
I really ain't thought much about that.

0:41:34.864,0:41:36.831
Well, it's a bad idea.

0:41:36.898,0:41:39.391
It's a bad idea, take my word for it.

0:41:39.470,0:41:41.369
Yes, sir.

0:41:41.437,0:41:43.998
And they say that there was[br]some kind of secret meeting

0:41:44.074,0:41:45.439
last night down near the lake.

0:41:45.543,0:41:47.066
Now, do you boys know about that?

0:41:47.177,0:41:48.577
No, sir.

0:41:48.646,0:41:50.773
You don't know about that?

0:41:51.850,0:41:53.512
- Samuel?[br]- No, sir.

0:41:53.586,0:41:54.917
- You didn't hear about that?[br]- No, sir.

0:41:54.987,0:41:56.285
- You swear to me?[br]- Yes, sir.

0:41:56.356,0:41:57.879
Yes, sir, I swear.

0:42:00.728,0:42:02.490
All right, then.

0:42:04.999,0:42:06.489
See you later.

0:42:06.701,0:42:09.329
Our first debate

0:42:09.370,0:42:14.331
is one week from today.

0:42:14.409,0:42:16.275
- One week?[br]- That's right.

0:42:16.346,0:42:18.007
I thought Prairie View was first.

0:42:18.114,0:42:20.947
Prairie View is tough,[br]so I thought we needed a warm-up.

0:42:21.017,0:42:23.510
With the best Negro college in the state?

0:42:23.621,0:42:25.350
That's right, Mr. Burgess.

0:42:25.422,0:42:26.514
Does that frighten you?

0:42:26.624,0:42:28.149
Yes, sir.

0:42:28.226,0:42:31.320
One week's not enough time[br]to write our arguments.

0:42:31.396,0:42:33.456
You do the research.[br]I'll write the arguments.

0:42:33.533,0:42:35.397
Wait. You...

0:42:35.467,0:42:36.902
You write the arguments?

0:42:36.970,0:42:37.959
And you deliver them, Mr. Lowe.

0:42:38.038,0:42:39.766
What the hell do I look like, a mailman?

0:42:39.839,0:42:42.809
Hell is where you're headed[br]if you question me again.

0:42:42.876,0:42:45.505
In theory, you look like a student.

0:42:45.580,0:42:47.878
So what you're saying[br]is I'm not capable.

0:42:47.949,0:42:49.109
It's not a matter of competence.

0:42:49.184,0:42:50.243
It's a matter of experience.

0:42:50.318,0:42:51.479
How do I know you write...

0:42:51.587,0:42:53.282
I write the arguments!

0:42:53.389,0:42:54.652
That's the way it's been!

0:42:54.758,0:42:57.123
That's the way it's going to be!

0:42:57.193,0:42:59.891
Any more questions?

0:43:01.531,0:43:03.090
One week.

0:43:05.571,0:43:06.696
I bring to you

0:43:06.771,0:43:08.967
our first affirmative debater:

0:43:09.041,0:43:13.206
From Paul Quinn College,[br]Otheree Hubbard.

0:43:21.022,0:43:25.425
Resolved: Unemployment[br]relief should be ended

0:43:25.527,0:43:27.995
when the Depression ends.

0:43:28.096,0:43:29.894
If the Depression ends.

0:43:29.966,0:43:33.595
I traveled back through history to 1536,

0:43:33.669,0:43:36.161
when the first Poor Laws[br]of England were mandated.

0:43:36.240,0:43:39.573
In those days, the dole...[br]or welfare, as we call it...

0:43:39.643,0:43:42.375
was funded by voluntary contributions.

0:43:42.448,0:43:44.915
But, as time passed,

0:43:44.983,0:43:47.145
the English devised the Allowance System,

0:43:47.219,0:43:49.187
the first unemployment relief,

0:43:49.255,0:43:52.589
only now it was paid[br]with involuntary contributions,

0:43:52.659,0:43:54.558
more commonly known as taxes.

0:43:55.895,0:43:58.228
The Allowance System was a disaster.

0:43:58.332,0:44:01.199
The only real unemployment relief[br]is to give a man a job.

0:44:01.335,0:44:04.271
But to do that, you have[br]to give the economy life,

0:44:04.306,0:44:07.537
not tax it to death.

0:44:12.282,0:44:14.478
When capitalism was young,

0:44:14.551,0:44:16.643
the old puritanical concept of duty

0:44:16.719,0:44:20.088
was, "He who does not work[br]shall not eat."

0:44:20.158,0:44:22.022
That made sense[br]when there was more work

0:44:22.092,0:44:23.788
than men willing to do it.

0:44:23.862,0:44:25.421
But those days are gone.

0:44:25.498,0:44:27.363
Now there are millions[br]who want to work,

0:44:27.433,0:44:29.298
but find themselves[br]standing in breadlines.

0:44:29.368,0:44:32.030
Now, should they not eat[br]because there are no jobs?

0:44:32.138,0:44:34.300
People, today we need[br]a new concept of duty:

0:44:34.408,0:44:37.377
The right of the individual[br]to demand from society

0:44:37.444,0:44:40.381
just as much as he gives to society.

0:44:43.151,0:44:46.019
We clutch at anything that[br]even looks like a solution.

0:44:46.088,0:44:49.387
$60 million a month for public relief?

0:44:49.458,0:44:53.259
Pay it out if it'll sweep[br]the hoboes off the streets.

0:44:53.330,0:44:57.791
One seventh of the population[br]of the United States on welfare.

0:44:57.868,0:45:00.199
Fine, as long as it ends our misery.

0:45:00.270,0:45:04.674
A nation as desperate as this[br]is a danger to itself.

0:45:04.742,0:45:06.734
That's right.

0:45:09.082,0:45:10.548
Once,

0:45:10.649,0:45:14.586
a Roman general brought peace[br]to a rebellious province...

0:45:14.687,0:45:17.486
by killing all its citizens.

0:45:17.558,0:45:19.219
Even his fellow Romans[br]were shocked.

0:45:19.293,0:45:20.521
One of them wrote,

0:45:20.594,0:45:22.892
*"Solitudinem faciunt,[br]pacem appellant, "*

0:45:22.963,0:45:27.196
which means "They create desolation[br]and call it peace."

0:45:28.303,0:45:30.101
Now, for all their facts and figures,

0:45:30.172,0:45:34.007
the Paul Quinn debaters would also[br]create desolation and call it peace.

0:45:34.077,0:45:38.174
They would allow the unemployed to die[br]so the economy can live.

0:45:56.036,0:45:57.662
A brilliant young woman I know

0:45:57.737,0:46:01.675
was asked once to support her argument[br]in favor of social welfare.

0:46:01.810,0:46:05.109
She named the most powerful source[br]imaginable:

0:46:05.147,0:46:09.380
The look in a mother's face[br]when she cannot feed her children.

0:46:13.323,0:46:15.723
Can you look that hungry[br]child in the eyes?

0:46:15.793,0:46:17.158
See the blood on his feet

0:46:17.227,0:46:19.195
from walking barefoot[br]in the cotton fields?

0:46:19.296,0:46:22.324
Or do you ask his baby sister[br]with her belly swollen from hunger

0:46:22.401,0:46:24.266
if she cares about[br]her daddy's work ethic?

0:46:34.614,0:46:35.603
He's good.

0:46:37.318,0:46:40.651
Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley!

0:46:40.688,0:46:44.091
Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley!

0:46:44.194,0:46:46.991
Wiley! Wiley! Wiley!

0:46:56.273,0:46:58.765
The only thing that matters[br]is that big fish eat little fish,

0:46:58.844,0:47:00.971
and the color of the fish[br]does not count!

0:47:03.849,0:47:06.718
If the state of Mississippi[br]would have turned their heads

0:47:06.787,0:47:09.152
each and every time[br]a Negro was lynched,

0:47:09.222,0:47:10.850
shouldn't the federal government intervene?

0:47:25.407,0:47:28.276
Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley!

0:47:47.667,0:47:49.863
And the winner is...

0:47:53.407,0:47:54.875
Wiley College!

0:48:18.971,0:48:22.498
Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley! Wiley!

0:48:33.154,0:48:34.246
That's right, Captain.

0:48:34.322,0:48:35.915
I think I've got the ringleader.

0:48:37.793,0:48:41.355
Uh, all right,[br]if that's what you want.

0:48:42.365,0:48:44.230
Yeah. Okey-dokey, then.

0:48:44.300,0:48:45.699
Bye-bye.

0:48:47.605,0:48:48.766
Shit.

0:48:48.840,0:48:50.306
Who was that?

0:48:50.374,0:48:51.841
Captain Wainwright.

0:48:51.909,0:48:53.673
Texas Rangers?

0:48:56.414,0:49:00.316
He wants me to, uh, hold off[br]on picking this fella up

0:49:00.385,0:49:02.480
until him and his boys get up here.

0:49:02.656,0:49:04.886
Shit. Wants to get[br]his picture in the paper.

0:49:04.925,0:49:05.949
Yeah.

0:49:06.026,0:49:09.121
We do all the work,[br]they get all the glory.

0:49:09.197,0:49:10.721
Yep.

0:49:12.266,0:49:16.939
I guess that's just the way the world is.

0:49:16.974,0:49:18.805
Isn't that right, Samuel?

0:49:24.749,0:49:27.238
I have an announcement[br]to make. Excuse me.

0:49:28.418,0:49:30.887
Recently, I... uh, we...

0:49:32.523,0:49:35.959
...sent some letters[br]to some major universities.

0:49:36.027,0:49:38.053
Told them all about us, our team,

0:49:38.163,0:49:39.596
what we've been doing,

0:49:39.665,0:49:43.624
and, uh, yesterday[br]we got a response.

0:49:44.836,0:49:47.033
From Oklahoma City University.

0:49:47.107,0:49:48.539
Aren't they...?

0:49:48.608,0:49:50.474
Anglo-Saxon? Yes. Yes.

0:49:50.544,0:49:52.375
We'll be the first Negro college in America...

0:49:52.446,0:49:54.642
well, one of the first Negro[br]colleges in America...

0:49:54.716,0:49:56.183
to ever debate a white college.

0:49:56.251,0:49:57.343
All right!

0:49:57.419,0:49:59.046
University of Oklahoma!

0:49:59.120,0:50:02.488
Not University of Oklahoma.[br]Oklahoma City University.

0:50:02.625,0:50:05.355
The debate will take place[br]at an off-campus site.

0:50:05.394,0:50:07.056
Wait. An off-campus site? Why?

0:50:07.164,0:50:09.189
Because sometimes, Mr. Lowe,

0:50:09.299,0:50:11.563
you have to take things[br]one step at a time.

0:50:11.635,0:50:13.433
So what you're saying is[br]the crackers in Oklahoma

0:50:13.504,0:50:14.903
ain't gonna let us on their campus.

0:50:14.972,0:50:18.033
No, what I'm saying is you have to take[br]things one step at a time.

0:50:18.110,0:50:19.577
This is a great opportunity.

0:50:19.645,0:50:20.576
Thank you very much.

0:50:20.645,0:50:24.139
Master is going to give us[br]a crumb off his plate, huh?

0:50:27.320,0:50:29.186
What? Wha...

0:50:29.256,0:50:31.952
I think Lowe here is afraid.

0:50:32.026,0:50:34.495
What am I afraid of, James?

0:50:34.563,0:50:36.531
I think you're afraid[br]to debate white people.

0:50:36.598,0:50:37.963
- Anglo-Saxons.[br]- Anglo-Saxons.

0:50:38.066,0:50:38.795
Thank you very much.

0:50:38.901,0:50:40.425
Mr. Tolson, let me debate.

0:50:40.536,0:50:45.167
I mean, I'll debate[br]Anglo-Saxons anywhere:

0:50:45.275,0:50:47.071
In a dark alley, with no light,

0:50:47.143,0:50:49.408
with a candle lit and people[br]chasing you down with guns.

0:50:49.480,0:50:51.780
Hell, I'll debate Anglo-Saxons anywhere.

0:50:51.851,0:50:53.112
I ain't afraid.

0:50:53.184,0:50:54.742
I am.

0:50:58.324,0:51:00.554
Mr. Tolson, when I came here today,

0:51:00.627,0:51:03.789
I saw the sheriff outside watching your house.

0:51:03.829,0:51:05.924
What's going on?

0:51:10.271,0:51:12.262
Maybe you should ask the sheriff.

0:51:12.373,0:51:15.104
I've been hearing a lot of rumors[br]about what you're doing.

0:51:15.210,0:51:17.110
My dad just called the Dean last week

0:51:17.179,0:51:18.738
and asked, "What is[br]a communist doing

0:51:18.847,0:51:20.213
teaching at a good Methodist college?"

0:51:20.283,0:51:22.376
My politics are my business,[br]Mr. Burgess,

0:51:22.452,0:51:25.182
and I promise you that they[br]will not endanger the team.

0:51:25.255,0:51:26.882
But, sir, it is being endangered.

0:51:26.956,0:51:29.290
I came to Wiley College[br]to be educated, not investigated.

0:51:29.361,0:51:30.486
I understand that.

0:51:30.561,0:51:32.462
I don't want to be dragged into anything.

0:51:32.531,0:51:34.659
- You're not...[br]- If my parents find...

0:51:34.734,0:51:36.531
I'm sorry.

0:51:37.670,0:51:40.104
Mr. Tolson, please.

0:51:40.173,0:51:42.267
Just tell me you're not[br]a communist. Otherwise...

0:51:42.342,0:51:44.037
Otherwise what?

0:51:47.381,0:51:48.940
Otherwise what?

0:51:49.050,0:51:50.882
My father says I have to quit.

0:51:50.952,0:51:52.283
Nobody wants that.

0:51:52.353,0:51:53.684
Then tell me.

0:51:55.357,0:52:01.058
As I said, my politics are my business.

0:52:02.799,0:52:04.631
I guess I have to resign.

0:52:14.479,0:52:19.281
Mrs. Tolson, thank you[br]for a wonderful dinner.

0:52:19.385,0:52:21.581
You're welcome, Ham.

0:52:23.523,0:52:25.116
Good luck in Oklahoma, y'all.

0:52:28.096,0:52:29.791
I know you'll win.

0:52:44.715,0:52:46.444
All right. Well,

0:52:46.516,0:52:49.385
if anybody else wants to quit,[br]I'll understand.

0:53:35.374,0:53:36.501
Resolved:

0:53:36.576,0:53:40.104
Negroes should be...

0:53:40.181,0:53:42.775
should be admitted...

0:53:42.850,0:53:44.316
I can't hear you!

0:53:44.384,0:53:46.047
Speak up!

0:53:46.121,0:53:48.214
Resolved...

0:53:49.591,0:53:56.896
Negroes should be admitted[br]to state universities.

0:53:56.967,0:54:00.165
My partner and I will prove

0:54:00.271,0:54:04.641
that blocking a Negro's admission[br]to a state university

0:54:04.709,0:54:09.409
is not only wrong, it is absurd.

0:54:09.481,0:54:16.149
The Negro people are not just a color[br]in the American fabric.

0:54:16.222,0:54:19.191
They are the thread[br]that holds it all together.

0:54:19.258,0:54:23.025
Consider the legal[br]and historical record.

0:54:23.097,0:54:25.066
May 13, 1865:

0:54:25.133,0:54:26.759
Sergeant Crocker, a Negro,

0:54:26.834,0:54:30.602
is the last soldier to die in the Civil War.

0:54:30.673,0:54:32.833
1918: The first U.S. Soldiers

0:54:32.941,0:54:34.807
decorated for bravery in France

0:54:34.877,0:54:38.370
are Negroes Henry Johnson[br]and Needham Roberts.

0:54:38.482,0:54:41.918
*1920: The New York Times announces*

0:54:41.986,0:54:46.116
that the "N" in Negro would hereafter[br]be capitalized.

0:54:46.190,0:54:50.217
To force upon the South[br]what they are not ready for

0:54:50.294,0:54:52.628
would result in nothing[br]but more racial hatred.

0:54:52.699,0:54:53.687
What?

0:54:53.766,0:54:55.792
Dr. W.E.B. DuBois...

0:54:55.869,0:54:59.066
he's perhaps the most eminent[br]Negro scholar in America.

0:54:59.139,0:55:01.005
He comments...

0:55:01.142,0:55:05.136
"It's a silly waste[br]of money, time, and temper

0:55:05.180,0:55:06.807
"to try and compel a powerful majority

0:55:06.882,0:55:10.841
to do what they are[br]determined not to do."

0:55:10.952,0:55:14.320
My opponent so conveniently chose[br]to ignore the fact

0:55:14.390,0:55:18.054
that W.E.B. DuBois is the first Negro

0:55:18.128,0:55:21.791
to receive a Ph. D[br]from a white college called Harvard.

0:55:21.866,0:55:23.424
Dr. DuBois, he adds,

0:55:23.501,0:55:27.871
"It is impossible...[br]impossible for a Negro

0:55:27.940,0:55:30.773
to receive a proper education[br]at a white college."

0:55:30.843,0:55:33.869
The most eminent[br]Negro scholar in America

0:55:33.946,0:55:36.279
is the product of[br]an Ivy League education.

0:55:36.349,0:55:39.615
You see, DuBois knows all too well[br]the white man's resistance to change.

0:55:39.720,0:55:43.520
But that's no reason to keep[br]a black man out of any college.

0:55:43.591,0:55:46.788
If someone didn't force upon the South[br]something it wasn't ready for,

0:55:46.861,0:55:48.055
I'd still be in chains,

0:55:48.129,0:55:50.565
and Miss Booke here would be[br]running from her old Master!

0:55:52.401,0:55:55.030
I do admit it.

0:55:55.105,0:55:57.006
It is true.

0:55:57.074,0:56:01.204
Far too many whites are afflicted[br]with the disease of racial hatred.

0:56:01.345,0:56:03.473
And because of racism,

0:56:03.548,0:56:06.109
it would be impossible[br]for a Negro to be happy

0:56:06.152,0:56:07.517
at a southern white college today.

0:56:07.553,0:56:08.644
That's true.

0:56:08.720,0:56:10.085
And if someone is unhappy,

0:56:10.155,0:56:14.252
it is impossible to see how they could[br]receive a proper education.

0:56:14.360,0:56:15.828
That's right.

0:56:15.896,0:56:17.454
Yes, a time will come

0:56:17.564,0:56:20.432
when Negroes and whites[br]will walk on the same campus

0:56:20.502,0:56:23.164
and we will share[br]the same classrooms.

0:56:24.706,0:56:27.938
But sadly, that day is not today.

0:56:28.010,0:56:31.502
As long as schools[br]are segregated,

0:56:31.580,0:56:37.384
Negroes will receive an education[br]that is both separate and unequal.

0:56:37.455,0:56:39.423
By Oklahoma's own reckoning,

0:56:39.490,0:56:43.222
the state is currently[br]spending five times more

0:56:43.295,0:56:45.263
for the education of a white child

0:56:45.363,0:56:47.697
than it is spending[br]to educate a colored child.

0:56:47.800,0:56:51.395
That means better textbooks[br]for that child than for that child.

0:56:51.504,0:56:53.062
Oh, I say that's a shame,

0:56:53.173,0:56:56.268
but my opponent says[br]today is not the day

0:56:56.343,0:57:00.144
for whites and coloreds[br]to go to the same college,

0:57:00.215,0:57:02.479
to share the same campus,

0:57:02.617,0:57:04.609
to walk in the same classroom.

0:57:04.654,0:57:08.283
Well, would you kindly tell me[br]when is that day gonna come?

0:57:08.324,0:57:10.589
Is it gonna come tomorrow?[br]Is it gonna come next week?

0:57:10.661,0:57:11.958
In a hundred years?

0:57:12.029,0:57:13.087
Never?

0:57:13.163,0:57:15.154
No, the time for justice,

0:57:15.232,0:57:18.202
the time for freedom,[br]and the time for equality

0:57:18.269,0:57:22.036
is always, is always, right now!

0:57:38.527,0:57:39.516
Thank you.

0:57:51.641,0:57:53.076
What is this?

0:57:53.178,0:57:54.645
I told you it was holy wine.

0:57:54.746,0:57:55.905
Put hair on your chest.

0:57:56.013,0:57:57.447
If you say so.

0:57:57.515,0:57:58.447
Good, ain't it?

0:57:59.719,0:58:01.846
You know where the bathroom[br]is if you need it.

0:58:01.988,0:58:03.216
Yeah.

0:58:08.528,0:58:10.895
And my weapons were words.

0:58:10.964,0:58:13.296
I didn't need a gun. I didn't need a knife.

0:58:13.367,0:58:14.357
You see...

0:58:15.838,0:58:17.964
Meet me outside in five minutes.

0:58:18.039,0:58:20.099
And then what?

0:58:31.889,0:58:33.254
Yes, I did, honey,

0:58:33.324,0:58:35.690
and nobody knows that[br]better than you know.

0:58:35.760,0:58:36.888
Oh, I'm fine.

0:58:36.963,0:58:38.395
How are you doing, Pearl?

0:58:38.463,0:58:39.487
Pearl!

0:58:39.564,0:58:41.430
Yes, I do. Where's your husband?

0:58:41.501,0:58:43.332
- He's in the study.[br]- Okay.

0:58:56.917,0:58:58.819
Dr. Farmer.

0:58:58.921,0:59:00.217
Congratulations, Melvin.

0:59:00.322,0:59:01.220
Thank you.

0:59:01.356,0:59:02.687
You've put us on the map.

0:59:02.757,0:59:04.385
Well, your son is doing a great job.

0:59:04.427,0:59:05.826
His research is impeccable.

0:59:05.895,0:59:08.524
That's good to hear.[br]That's good to hear.

0:59:08.598,0:59:11.464
Listen, there are people around town

0:59:11.534,0:59:14.437
who aren't very happy[br]with your off-campus activities.

0:59:15.906,0:59:17.670
They're calling you a radical.

0:59:17.742,0:59:19.802
In fact, I wouldn't be a bit surprised

0:59:19.878,0:59:22.039
to find out one morning[br]when I woke up

0:59:22.114,0:59:23.979
that you were strung up to a tree.

0:59:24.049,0:59:25.415
They'd have to catch me first.

0:59:25.485,0:59:27.009
This is serious, Melvin.

0:59:27.087,0:59:28.748
Very serious.

0:59:28.822,0:59:31.382
A hungry Negro steals[br]a chicken, he goes to jail.

0:59:31.458,0:59:34.293
A rich businessman steals[br]bonds, he goes to Congress.

0:59:34.396,0:59:35.590
I think that's wrong.

0:59:35.697,0:59:38.894
Now, if that makes me a radical,[br]a socialist, a communist, so be it.

0:59:38.967,0:59:40.025
Amen... Amen on that.

0:59:40.135,0:59:41.660
- Jesus was a radical.[br]- Careful.

0:59:41.771,0:59:43.636
Yes, He was. Jesus was a radical.

0:59:43.706,0:59:45.230
Mental institutions are filled with people

0:59:45.308,0:59:46.900
who have confused themselves[br]with Jesus Christ.

0:59:46.976,0:59:48.034
I'm not confused.

0:59:48.111,0:59:49.579
You're convinced you're Jesus Christ now?

0:59:49.646,0:59:51.079
- No.[br]- You're convinced you're Jesus Christ?

0:59:51.148,0:59:52.480
You know what words do.

0:59:52.550,0:59:53.709
- Okay.[br]- Come on now.

0:59:53.784,0:59:55.012
Amen.

0:59:55.085,0:59:56.384
Don't want to confuse[br]yourself with Jesus Christ.

0:59:56.455,0:59:58.285
I'm not confused. I'm convinced.

0:59:58.356,1:00:00.985
I'm not, uh, I'm not judging you.

1:00:02.194,1:00:06.833
I'm just concerned[br]about your methods.

1:00:06.868,1:00:08.800
What methods?

1:00:08.868,1:00:11.930
James was there that night, wasn't he?

1:00:12.039,1:00:14.667
He was not with me.

1:00:14.742,1:00:15.970
Is he involved in this?

1:00:16.043,1:00:17.305
Of course not, James.

1:00:17.378,1:00:20.143
I've done everything in my power[br]to keep him out of this.

1:00:20.215,1:00:21.273
- To keep him out?[br]- Yes.

1:00:21.350,1:00:23.114
Are you telling me[br]he wants to be involved?

1:00:23.186,1:00:24.812
Maybe this is something[br]you should discuss with him.

1:00:24.887,1:00:26.287
I'm discussing it with you right now,

1:00:26.356,1:00:28.416
and I don't feel like I'm getting[br]a straight answer.

1:00:28.492,1:00:29.652
You're getting a straight answer.

1:00:29.727,1:00:32.196
I think that you were[br]there with him that night.

1:00:32.264,1:00:33.196
He was not with me.

1:00:33.265,1:00:34.357
He's a 14-year-old boy.

1:00:34.433,1:00:35.422
I understand that.

1:00:35.499,1:00:38.060
I'll do whatever I have to do[br]to protect him.

1:00:38.136,1:00:39.296
Is anybody thirsty?

1:00:39.404,1:00:40.895
Here you are.

1:00:41.007,1:00:42.941
Thank you. Thank you, Ruth.

1:00:43.009,1:00:44.408
You're welcome.

1:00:44.477,1:00:45.945
Okay.

1:00:46.046,1:00:48.412
Ruth, this is a fine party.

1:00:48.482,1:00:49.882
Thank you.

1:00:49.951,1:00:51.918
I think it's time[br]for some sweet potato pie.

1:00:51.985,1:00:52.917
Please.

1:00:52.986,1:00:54.319
I'll help you with that.

1:01:01.364,1:01:03.992
Not the time to talk about it.

1:01:04.067,1:01:04.829
Congratulations.

1:01:04.868,1:01:06.233
Thank you.

1:01:29.820,1:01:32.482
It's so beautiful out here.

1:01:34.391,1:01:35.551
Yeah.

1:01:35.625,1:01:39.356
I was born near here,[br]a little further up the lake near Jefferson.

1:01:39.429,1:01:42.921
I've been coming here[br]since I was a little boy.

1:01:42.999,1:01:45.524
Your parents still live around here?

1:01:45.602,1:01:48.730
No, no. They're, uh, they're gone.

1:01:48.839,1:01:50.830
My grandparents raised me.

1:01:50.941,1:01:52.909
And my Pah-Pah, he, uh,

1:01:53.009,1:01:55.307
spent his life doing[br]the levees around here...

1:01:55.378,1:01:56.640
for free, of course.

1:01:56.713,1:01:58.943
He was a slave?

1:01:59.015,1:02:01.449
My grandma was always[br]telling me to be good

1:02:01.585,1:02:05.021
or else the Confederates would rise up[br]out of Marshall Cemetery and get me.

1:02:07.557,1:02:08.922
Boy.

1:02:13.196,1:02:14.356
What?

1:02:14.431,1:02:17.696
I've just never seen[br]this side of you before.

1:02:17.767,1:02:19.860
What side?

1:02:19.970,1:02:22.404
You seem so calm,

1:02:22.472,1:02:23.905
so peaceful.

1:02:23.974,1:02:27.273
It's what the lake does to me.

1:02:27.344,1:02:29.812
I'm happy when I'm out here,[br]you know?

1:02:31.748,1:02:33.409
It's funny.

1:02:47.197,1:02:51.896
Part of me wants to just stay out here[br]by the lake, you know?

1:02:51.968,1:02:57.065
Read books all day and hunt[br]and fish when I get hungry.

1:02:57.173,1:02:59.471
And the other part[br]wants to go everywhere,

1:02:59.543,1:03:00.805
you know, see everything.

1:03:00.944,1:03:07.679
I want to go to New Orleans and New York[br]and Chicago and even San Francisco.

1:03:08.652,1:03:11.177
I just want to go...

1:03:11.254,1:03:15.384
walking down the road and...

1:03:15.458,1:03:16.823
just disappear.

1:03:20.363,1:03:23.332
Well, maybe you could[br]take me with you.

1:05:09.906,1:05:11.032
- Lord.[br]- What?

1:05:11.141,1:05:12.699
It's the school band,[br]and they're outside.

1:05:12.809,1:05:14.470
What? Jesus!

1:05:14.544,1:05:16.478
I thought you said nobody[br]ever comes around here.

1:05:16.546,1:05:17.808
Nobody ever does[br]come here, Samantha.

1:05:17.881,1:05:19.280
Hold on! Hold on!

1:05:19.349,1:05:20.976
Henry, come on!

1:05:22.152,1:05:23.517
Henry.

1:05:23.586,1:05:24.746
Get dressed.

1:05:24.821,1:05:26.379
What's going on?

1:05:26.456,1:05:28.651
We're gonna go get[br]Mr. Tolson and Samantha,

1:05:28.725,1:05:31.387
head back to the campus,[br]and have a pep rally.

1:05:31.461,1:05:32.792
Come on, get dressed.

1:05:32.862,1:05:34.454
You know what?[br]You go get Tolson,

1:05:34.531,1:05:36.624
and I'll meet up with y'all later on campus.

1:05:36.700,1:05:37.894
Come on, Lowe.

1:05:37.967,1:05:40.231
You know it's going to be fun.

1:05:51.915,1:05:54.349
I guess I'll tell them[br]you're going to join us later?

1:06:07.363,1:06:09.092
He's going to join us later.

1:06:09.165,1:06:11.895
He just has to clean[br]his house, that's all.

1:06:30.253,1:06:34.087
Great news. Great news.[br]Great news!

1:06:34.157,1:06:37.024
My phone has been ringing off the hook.

1:06:37.093,1:06:39.288
University of Michigan[br]wants to debate us.

1:06:39.362,1:06:41.387
So does SMU. So does Georgia.

1:06:41.464,1:06:42.556
Where's Mr. Lowe?

1:06:42.632,1:06:44.600
When do I get to debate?

1:06:44.667,1:06:46.032
Sooner than you think, James.

1:06:46.136,1:06:47.194
Sooner than you think.

1:06:47.303,1:06:48.429
When?

1:06:48.538,1:06:49.869
When you're ready.

1:06:49.939,1:06:51.099
I'm ready now.

1:06:51.207,1:06:54.370
Mr. Tolson, I do not mind if James...

1:06:56.346,1:06:57.472
What's wrong?

1:06:57.547,1:06:59.981
Maybe I'm tired of this.

1:07:00.049,1:07:01.380
Of what?

1:07:01.518,1:07:03.452
Of watching other people debate.

1:07:03.520,1:07:05.715
When am I going to get[br]a chance to prove myself?

1:07:05.755,1:07:07.723
You're our best researcher, James.

1:07:07.757,1:07:09.349
We could not do this without you.

1:07:09.425,1:07:11.723
You do plenty without me.

1:07:16.566,1:07:17.897
Excuse me.

1:07:21.171,1:07:22.331
- James![br]- What?

1:07:22.438,1:07:25.271
James, you wait!

1:07:25.341,1:07:28.174
That was so mean[br]what you said in there.

1:07:29.913,1:07:32.006
All right, uh, look,

1:07:32.081,1:07:33.776
I don't want to lose your friendship.

1:07:33.850,1:07:36.910
How can you lose something[br]that you never had?

1:07:36.986,1:07:39.011
You were never my friend?

1:07:39.088,1:07:41.488
Maybe I don't want[br]to just be your friend.

1:07:41.558,1:07:44.026
Maybe it hurts me[br]to be your friend.

1:07:55.471,1:07:56.836
- What's going on?[br]- What's going on?

1:07:59.976,1:08:01.375
Grab his hands.

1:08:05.181,1:08:07.308
Mr. Tolson!

1:08:12.322,1:08:13.346
Where is he?

1:08:13.423,1:08:14.583
Calm down, Henry.

1:08:14.657,1:08:15.589
Have you seen him?

1:08:15.658,1:08:16.818
No, they won't let us.

1:08:16.893,1:08:18.258
They didn't do nothing to you, did they?

1:08:18.328,1:08:20.319
- No, we're fine.[br]- Deputy,

1:08:20.396,1:08:21.954
I'm Dr. James Farmer[br]of Wiley College.

1:08:22.031,1:08:23.931
This is William Taylor,[br]Mr. Tolson's attorney.

1:08:24.000,1:08:25.467
And this is his wife Ruth.

1:08:25.535,1:08:26.559
Hello.

1:08:26.669,1:08:28.193
I'd like to see my client, please.

1:08:28.304,1:08:29.271
William!

1:08:29.339,1:08:30.829
Sheriff Dozier. Dr. James Farmer...

1:08:30.940,1:08:32.737
Hello, William. How you doing today?

1:08:32.809,1:08:34.367
Fine, sir, thank you. And you?

1:08:34.477,1:08:36.069
Oh, not too bad, not too bad.

1:08:36.145,1:08:37.669
Me and William, we go way back.

1:08:37.747,1:08:39.738
I knew William when I was a boy.

1:08:39.816,1:08:42.683
Could I see my client now, Sheriff?

1:08:42.752,1:08:43.946
Your client?

1:08:44.020,1:08:46.420
Well, the fact of the business[br]is, William,

1:08:46.489,1:08:48.389
your client is kind of busy right now.

1:08:48.458,1:08:49.720
Busy doing what?

1:08:49.792,1:08:52.420
Sheriff. Sheriff.

1:08:53.429,1:08:54.555
We have a situation.

1:08:55.765,1:08:57.198
Get some of your boys out there.

1:08:57.267,1:08:58.291
All right, men.

1:08:58.368,1:09:01.337
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:01.504,1:09:03.802
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:03.873,1:09:06.501
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:06.542,1:09:09.170
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:09.245,1:09:10.906
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:10.980,1:09:13.244
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:13.316,1:09:15.147
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:15.218,1:09:16.845
Let him go! Let him go!

1:09:16.920,1:09:18.217
They with you?

1:09:18.288,1:09:19.778
That's right.

1:09:19.856,1:09:23.883
See? This is what happens to a town[br]when you let the unions in.

1:09:23.960,1:09:25.188
Starts trouble.

1:09:25.261,1:09:27.525
People get all riled up about nothing.

1:09:27.597,1:09:31.431
One of them's liable to get hurt,[br]if you catch my drift.

1:09:31.501,1:09:33.469
Sheriff, since it's clear

1:09:33.569,1:09:36.732
that you have no evidence[br]to arrest Mr. Tolson,

1:09:36.839,1:09:38.739
I suggest you let him go.

1:09:38.808,1:09:40.070
You suggest it?

1:09:40.143,1:09:41.440
Who the hell are you?

1:09:42.545,1:09:44.445
Couple of months ago,

1:09:44.514,1:09:47.642
there was a raid[br]on Floyd Tillman's barn.

1:09:47.717,1:09:51.414
It was a peaceful and lawful[br]gathering of sharecroppers

1:09:51.487,1:09:56.390
who were brutally attacked[br]by a gang of violent vigilantes.

1:09:56.459,1:10:00.293
Now, witnesses say[br]that you were there.

1:10:00.363,1:10:03.924
If you led that raid, Sheriff,

1:10:04.067,1:10:07.230
you're the one who broke[br]the law, not Tolson.

1:10:08.604,1:10:10.697
Are you threatening me, boy?

1:10:10.807,1:10:12.138
No, sir.

1:10:12.208,1:10:14.176
I wouldn't do that.

1:10:14.277,1:10:17.303
But I cannot speak[br]for those people outside.

1:10:18.381,1:10:22.374
An unjust law is no law at all.

1:10:22.452,1:10:24.647
What does that mean?

1:10:24.721,1:10:26.746
A mass slaughter

1:10:26.823,1:10:30.418
of citizens, both white and colored,

1:10:30.493,1:10:32.222
by Texas Rangers?

1:10:32.295,1:10:35.958
Is that really what you want[br]as the Sheriff of this county?

1:10:38.534,1:10:41.401
Now, if you let Tolson go home,

1:10:41.504,1:10:43.335
I believe...

1:10:43.406,1:10:48.810
I believe that these folks outside,[br]they'll go home as well.

1:11:14.937,1:11:17.167
That pig wasn't worth $25.

1:11:17.273,1:11:18.240
What?

1:11:18.307,1:11:20.468
You owe my father some money.

1:12:19.769,1:12:21.236
Have a seat, Mr. Farmer.

1:12:22.839,1:12:24.830
Oh, Lord.

1:12:26.142,1:12:27.336
Um...

1:12:29.912,1:12:32.380
SMU has cancelled.

1:12:32.448,1:12:36.316
University of Georgia sounds[br]like they will follow suit.

1:12:36.385,1:12:37.784
Why?

1:12:39.288,1:12:41.984
I've been blacklisted.

1:12:42.058,1:12:44.049
They're talking about censuring me.

1:12:44.127,1:12:46.459
Dean Clay and the board[br]have asked me

1:12:46.529,1:12:49.987
to stop working with[br]the sharecroppers, or else.

1:12:50.066,1:12:52.626
They say that it is not my fight.

1:12:52.702,1:12:56.194
So... things are bad.

1:12:56.305,1:12:58.273
My academic career's in jeopardy.

1:12:58.374,1:13:00.740
My debate team has nowhere to go.

1:13:02.845,1:13:05.075
Anyone know who Antaeus was?

1:13:05.148,1:13:09.642
Sure. He was a gigantic[br]wrestler in Greek mythology.

1:13:09.719,1:13:14.053
His mother was, uh, Gaea,[br]the goddess of Earth,

1:13:14.123,1:13:16.057
and, uh, I mean, he was unbeatable

1:13:16.125,1:13:18.025
because anytime someone[br]threw him down to the Earth,

1:13:18.094,1:13:19.083
it would make him stronger.

1:13:19.162,1:13:20.356
That's correct.

1:13:20.429,1:13:21.828
It would make him stronger.

1:13:21.898,1:13:25.629
Defeat would make him stronger.

1:13:25.701,1:13:27.794
You are my students.[br]I am your teacher.

1:13:27.904,1:13:30.600
I think that's a sacred trust.

1:13:30.706,1:13:32.731
So what do I say to you now?

1:13:32.842,1:13:34.833
Quit because the Dean says so?

1:13:34.944,1:13:36.844
Because the sheriff says so?

1:13:36.913,1:13:38.938
Because the Texas Rangers say so?

1:13:39.015,1:13:40.312
No.

1:13:40.383,1:13:42.351
I am diametrically opposed to that.

1:13:42.418,1:13:44.784
My message to you is to never quit.

1:13:44.854,1:13:46.515
We are not quitting.

1:13:46.589,1:13:47.613
Good.

1:13:47.690,1:13:49.214
What do you want us to do?

1:13:49.292,1:13:50.281
Debate Harvard.

1:13:50.359,1:13:51.826
- Harvard?[br]- Harvard University.

1:13:51.894,1:13:54.158
They're the reigning[br]national champions.

1:13:54.230,1:13:57.131
If we defeat them, we defeat the best.

1:13:57.200,1:13:59.134
Mr. Tolson, sir, with all due respect,

1:13:59.235,1:14:00.964
um, Harvard ain't going to debate us,

1:14:01.137,1:14:02.604
not little old Wiley College[br]in Marshall, Texas.

1:14:02.672,1:14:04.105
They know who we are, Henry.

1:14:04.173,1:14:06.334
I've been writing them letters,[br]sending them articles.

1:14:06.375,1:14:08.240
But how do we get a letter back?

1:14:08.311,1:14:09.278
By continuing to win.

1:14:09.345,1:14:10.471
Dr. Farmer has informed me

1:14:10.546,1:14:13.709
that Howard University is going to be[br]at Prairie View next week.

1:14:13.783,1:14:15.307
We annihilated Fisk.

1:14:15.384,1:14:18.012
If we eliminate Howard,[br]we will have beaten

1:14:18.087,1:14:20.021
the two best Negro colleges in America,

1:14:20.089,1:14:22.421
and I can guarantee you[br]that I will see to it

1:14:22.491,1:14:24.015
that Harvard does not ignore that.

1:14:24.093,1:14:25.458
All right?

1:14:25.528,1:14:26.517
Yeah.

1:14:35.738,1:14:37.171
Just look for it on there.

1:14:37.240,1:14:38.298
You see it on there?

1:14:38.407,1:14:39.669
I've been looking the whole time.

1:14:39.742,1:14:41.039
Prairie View, Texas. The 127.

1:14:41.110,1:14:43.237
You show me where to look[br]because it's not on...

1:14:43.312,1:14:44.745
127 near Waxahachie.

1:14:44.814,1:14:46.042
It's not there.

1:14:46.115,1:14:48.140
It's there. You just can't find it.

1:14:48.217,1:14:49.980
I see 2, and I see 7.

1:14:50.052,1:14:52.816
Right. Now look for a 1 in front of it,[br]and you got it.

1:14:54.390,1:14:55.322
- After 126...[br]- Okay.

1:14:55.391,1:14:57.985
Before 128.

1:14:58.060,1:14:59.891
I really don't think...

1:14:59.962,1:15:00.894
You don't see it.

1:15:01.030,1:15:02.395
When did you get this map?

1:15:44.373,1:15:45.362
What are you doing?

1:15:45.474,1:15:47.032
I'm gonna cut him down.

1:15:48.778,1:15:50.939
Get back in the car. Shut the door.

1:15:52.381,1:15:53.973
Nobody move.

1:15:55.685,1:15:56.709
Just get down.

1:15:56.786,1:15:59.084
Get down, get down.

1:16:02.591,1:16:04.718
Get down, too. You get down, too.

1:16:19.875,1:16:21.672
There's niggers in that car!

1:16:21.744,1:16:22.938
Come on, come on!

1:16:36.492,1:16:37.550
Get out of the car!

1:16:37.626,1:16:38.820
Get out of that car!

1:16:38.894,1:16:40.225
Stop that car right now!

1:17:11.026,1:17:13.051
All right. Everybody sit tight,

1:17:13.129,1:17:16.223
and, uh...

1:17:16.298,1:17:17.765
I'll get the keys.

1:17:27.710,1:17:29.200
How you doing, Miss Becker?

1:17:29.311,1:17:30.437
I'm fine. You all right?

1:17:30.513,1:17:31.445
Yes, ma'am.

1:17:31.514,1:17:32.640
I got your rooms all ready.

1:17:32.715,1:17:33.807
Thank you.

1:17:38.988,1:17:40.353
Henry.

1:17:44.994,1:17:46.484
Henry!

1:17:47.763,1:17:49.128
Henry!

1:18:09.084,1:18:10.676
They ain't going to wake up.

1:18:13.422,1:18:14.446
Come on.

1:18:14.523,1:18:15.455
Ha!

1:18:36.946,1:18:38.072
See you.

1:18:39.114,1:18:41.241
All right. Be good, all right?

1:18:50.392,1:18:51.825
Hey, baby. How you doing?

1:18:53.729,1:18:56.755
Why are you still up?[br]You waiting on me?

1:19:00.503,1:19:02.903
What's the matter, baby?[br]Come on!

1:19:03.038,1:19:04.232
Hey!

1:19:05.508,1:19:06.600
Samantha!

1:19:08.777,1:19:10.176
Shut up. Let's go.

1:19:10.246,1:19:11.178
Hey, preacher boy.

1:19:11.247,1:19:12.908
Shut up. Let's go.

1:19:12.982,1:19:13.914
Come on.

1:19:13.983,1:19:14.915
Where are we going?

1:19:14.984,1:19:16.212
Back to our room.

1:19:19.788,1:19:21.346
Got him, Mr. Tolson.

1:19:38.307,1:19:40.775
Okay. Just sit... sit...

1:19:40.876,1:19:43.470
Not in that bed, though. Get up.

1:19:45.180,1:19:46.408
Come here.

1:19:46.482,1:19:48.143
Give me a hug.

1:19:49.919,1:19:50.851
Stop!

1:20:01.163,1:20:02.391
You're worthless.

1:20:02.464,1:20:04.091
What?

1:20:04.166,1:20:06.896
You think you're the only one hurting?

1:20:08.070,1:20:11.005
Um...

1:20:12.241,1:20:16.200
Okay, I'm sorry... for everything.

1:20:16.312,1:20:21.045
For, uh, for drinkin', yeah,

1:20:21.116,1:20:23.311
I apologize.

1:20:23.385,1:20:25.853
I'm not talking about me.

1:20:41.971,1:20:43.871
You're right.

1:20:43.939,1:20:46.066
I'm gonna go talk to her.

1:20:47.242,1:20:48.766
No, no, you won't, Lowe.

1:20:48.877,1:20:50.811
She doesn't need[br]to see you like this, okay?

1:20:50.879,1:20:52.312
I'm just going to talk to her.

1:20:52.381,1:20:53.643
Leave me alone.

1:20:53.716,1:20:54.705
Lowe!

1:21:01.023,1:21:02.490
Calm down, boy!

1:21:02.558,1:21:04.082
Stop! Stop!

1:21:04.159,1:21:05.217
I'm not playing with you.

1:21:05.294,1:21:07.854
Calm... Calm down!

1:21:07.896,1:21:09.523
You crazy?

1:21:13.636,1:21:15.661
You're never gonna forget what you saw[br]out there, do you understand?

1:21:15.771,1:21:17.466
You're never gonna forget[br]what you saw out there.

1:21:17.573,1:21:19.507
Hanging's the easiest[br]part of it sometimes.

1:21:19.575,1:21:21.304
Sometimes they cut[br]the little fingers off,

1:21:21.377,1:21:22.867
your toes, your nose, your ears.

1:21:22.978,1:21:24.809
Sometimes they cut[br]your privates off.

1:21:24.880,1:21:27.246
Sometimes they skin you alive.

1:21:30.753,1:21:33.085
You'll never be able to forget.

1:21:48.037,1:21:49.231
What do you think he did?

1:21:49.338,1:21:51.431
He didn't have to do nothing, James!

1:21:51.540,1:21:52.871
He didn't have to do nothing!

1:21:52.941,1:21:55.409
In Texas they lynch Negroes!

1:21:55.511,1:21:57.741
Do you understand?

1:21:57.813,1:22:00.145
So it doesn't matter[br]how good we are, does it?

1:22:00.215,1:22:02.080
What are you talk... What?

1:22:02.217,1:22:04.208
This is all useless.

1:22:04.286,1:22:06.220
What are you talking about?

1:22:06.255,1:22:08.985
I mean we're just a bunch of Negroes

1:22:09.024,1:22:11.049
debating each other[br]on subjects we all agree on.

1:22:11.126,1:22:14.027
Now, James, don't talk like that, all right?

1:22:14.096,1:22:15.893
- Why not?[br]- Because you can't!

1:22:17.166,1:22:19.225
Not you.

1:23:03.679,1:23:06.273
Bye! God bless you!

1:23:10.018,1:23:11.349
Where's Samantha?

1:23:11.420,1:23:12.910
She's not going with us.

1:23:12.988,1:23:13.955
Why not?

1:23:14.022,1:23:16.490
Why do you think?

1:23:16.558,1:23:18.617
I took her to the bus station.

1:23:18.694,1:23:20.559
She wanted to go back to school.

1:23:22.297,1:23:24.231
You wanted your chance.

1:23:25.701,1:23:27.134
This is it.

1:23:32.174,1:23:34.574
But how can any Negro

1:23:34.643,1:23:37.373
defend the punishment of prison

1:23:37.446,1:23:41.246
when he's seen so much oppression[br]in his own life?

1:23:41.316,1:23:42.749
Yeah!

1:23:42.818,1:23:44.513
How?

1:23:44.586,1:23:49.023
Because crime itself[br]is a form of oppression,

1:23:49.091,1:23:52.925
and Negroes fall victim[br]to more violent crime

1:23:52.995,1:23:56.021
than any other race in America.

1:23:58.834,1:24:00.301
For us,

1:24:00.402,1:24:04.771
prison not only offers protection,[br]but retribution.

1:24:04.940,1:24:05.964
Yes, indeed!

1:24:06.008,1:24:10.945
And for the criminal, it is a dark gift:

1:24:11.013,1:24:15.143
The hardship that introduces[br]a man to himself,

1:24:15.217,1:24:18.482
that rouses his passion[br]for freedom...

1:24:18.554,1:24:19.543
Yes, sir!

1:24:19.621,1:24:21.179
...his hope for redemption!

1:24:21.256,1:24:22.188
Oh, yeah!

1:24:29.298,1:24:32.199
Our next debater from Wiley College,

1:24:32.267,1:24:34.792
Mr. James Farmer, Junior.

1:24:34.903,1:24:36.871
Mr. Farmer?

1:25:40.302,1:25:41.462
Mom?

1:25:47.376,1:25:48.343
Mom!

1:26:20.475,1:26:21.806
Honey.

1:26:21.877,1:26:22.969
Hey.

1:26:23.045,1:26:24.239
Hi.

1:26:27.316,1:26:29.250
So?

1:26:31.219,1:26:32.243
We lost.

1:26:32.321,1:26:35.017
I'm sorry.

1:26:35.090,1:26:38.321
Uh, this came.

1:26:40.228,1:26:41.354
Harvard.

1:26:42.397,1:26:43.694
Wonder what it says.

1:26:43.765,1:26:45.630
Go on and open it and read it.

1:26:45.701,1:26:47.828
- Looks like somebody opened it already.[br]- Not me.

1:26:49.037,1:26:50.561
You didn't open it already?

1:26:50.672,1:26:52.503
No.

1:26:52.574,1:26:54.838
You are not a good liar.

1:26:59.548,1:27:01.038
Out loud.

1:27:04.353,1:27:05.752
"Dear Mr. Tolson,

1:27:05.821,1:27:07.152
"thank you for informing us

1:27:07.189,1:27:10.215
"about your historic victory[br]over Oklahoma City.

1:27:10.258,1:27:12.692
"I'm sure you realize[br]our season is nearly over,

1:27:12.761,1:27:14.956
"but today we received another letter[br]from Wiley College

1:27:15.030,1:27:16.190
written by Mr. Henry Lowe"?

1:27:17.366,1:27:18.492
With an "e"?

1:27:18.567,1:27:20.330
"He told us from a student's perspective

1:27:20.435,1:27:23.666
about your"... ahem...[br]"about your undefeated season."

1:27:23.772,1:27:25.137
Well, we're not undefeated anymore.

1:27:25.207,1:27:26.435
Don't matter.

1:27:26.541,1:27:29.009
"We wish to extend an invitation to..."

1:27:40.355,1:27:42.118
"We wish to extend an invitation

1:27:42.190,1:27:46.957
"to debate Harvard Crimson[br]here in Cambridge.

1:27:47.029,1:27:50.624
Let us know if this is agreeable to you."

1:27:59.741,1:28:00.673
Honey...

1:28:00.742,1:28:01.640
Don't you tell anybody.

1:28:01.777,1:28:02.869
No.

1:28:14.056,1:28:15.648
No, you don't have to thank me.

1:28:15.724,1:28:17.851
I just wanted to show you[br]I could write, too.

1:28:17.926,1:28:19.587
That's good. Thank you.

1:28:21.463,1:28:22.987
But you could do me a favor.

1:28:23.065,1:28:24.225
What's that?

1:28:28.103,1:28:29.866
Keep Samantha on the team.

1:28:33.041,1:28:34.372
Why would I do that?

1:28:34.443,1:28:37.537
Mr. Tolson, it was a rough night.

1:28:37.612,1:28:40.979
Yes, it was, Mr. Lowe, for all of us.

1:28:41.049,1:28:43.176
And she walked out on us[br]at the last minute.

1:28:43.251,1:28:46.550
No, sir. She did not walk out on us.

1:28:47.722,1:28:48.916
She walked out on me.

1:28:57.532,1:28:59.727
It's good tea.

1:28:59.835,1:29:02.668
Resolved:[br]Capitalism is immoral.

1:29:02.804,1:29:05.773
We will be arguing the affirmative.

1:29:05.841,1:29:07.741
To a bunch of Wall Street bankers.

1:29:10.445,1:29:12.879
Mr. Tolson, I owe you[br]and my teammates...

1:29:12.948,1:29:16.042
You're late. Come in. Sit down.

1:29:25.527,1:29:27.119
Samantha, I am not...

1:29:37.139,1:29:38.436
Resolved.

1:29:48.250,1:29:51.310
Okay, you got macaroni[br]and cheese, fried chicken,

1:29:51.386,1:29:52.819
black-eyed peas for good luck,

1:29:52.888,1:29:55.550
red beans and rice,[br]corn bread, candied yams.

1:29:55.624,1:29:57.455
I put some peach cobbler in there, too,

1:29:57.526,1:29:58.618
and some bread pudding.

1:29:58.693,1:30:01.890
I know you don't like bread pudding,[br]but I put it in there anyway.

1:30:02.030,1:30:03.190
Thank you, Mom.

1:30:03.265,1:30:04.197
Okay.

1:30:04.266,1:30:05.597
Good luck, son.

1:30:07.569,1:30:09.002
Dad?

1:30:09.070,1:30:10.867
Yes, Jim.

1:30:13.975,1:30:16.569
You give Boston my regards.

1:30:16.645,1:30:17.737
You hear?

1:30:17.812,1:30:19.370
Yes, sir.

1:30:19.447,1:30:20.607
James!

1:30:20.682,1:30:22.274
Come on! Train's leaving.

1:30:22.350,1:30:23.942
Coming!

1:30:31.293,1:30:32.624
- Bye, Mom.[br]- Bye-bye.

1:30:32.694,1:30:33.683
I love you.

1:30:33.762,1:30:34.786
Bye, sis.

1:30:36.398,1:30:37.626
Love you!

1:30:37.699,1:30:38.757
Love you, too.

1:30:42.604,1:30:46.267
All aboard leaving for Texarkana, Little Rock,

1:30:46.374,1:30:50.140
St. Louis, and all points north!

1:30:50.212,1:30:52.305
All aboard!

1:30:52.380,1:30:53.972
I'm not going with you.

1:30:54.049,1:30:55.676
What?

1:30:55.750,1:30:57.081
I cannot leave this state.

1:30:57.152,1:30:58.744
It's a condition of my bail.

1:30:58.820,1:31:00.117
You can't let them stop you.

1:31:00.188,1:31:01.849
They're not stopping me.

1:31:01.990,1:31:05.585
I just don't want to[br]jeopardize your opportunity.

1:31:05.660,1:31:06.991
You can win without me.

1:31:07.028,1:31:08.859
This is what you wanted[br]to do all along, isn't it?

1:31:08.897,1:31:10.330
He's right.

1:31:10.398,1:31:12.457
Why didn't you tell us this before?

1:31:12.534,1:31:14.161
Because I didn't want[br]to hear your arguments.

1:31:14.269,1:31:16.169
I knew they'd be too good.

1:31:22.444,1:31:24.810
All right, Mr. Lowe, you're in charge.

1:31:24.879,1:31:28.337
Whatever your instincts[br]tell you, you listen.

1:31:28.416,1:31:29.348
Yes, sir.

1:31:29.417,1:31:30.406
Let's go.

1:31:31.920,1:31:33.012
Let's go.

1:31:34.823,1:31:36.518
What are we supposed[br]to do without you?

1:31:36.591,1:31:38.752
Win.

1:33:06.147,1:33:08.672
Chicago Express, with service to Hartford,

1:33:08.717,1:33:10.981
New York, and Philadelphia,

1:33:11.019,1:33:13.988
now boarding, Track 29.

1:33:19.694,1:33:21.423
I thought somebody was[br]supposed to meet us.

1:33:27.902,1:33:29.096
Wiley College?

1:33:29.204,1:33:30.136
- Yes.[br]- Yes.

1:33:30.205,1:33:31.229
I'm Harland Osbourne.

1:33:31.339,1:33:33.807
Harvard has put me in charge of you[br]for the time that you'll be here in Boston.

1:33:33.875,1:33:36.139
- How you doing? I'm Henry Lowe.[br]- Mr. Lowe.

1:33:36.211,1:33:37.542
- James Farmer, Jr.[br]- Mr. Farmer.

1:33:37.612,1:33:39.136
- Samantha Booke.[br]- Of course. Miss Booke.

1:33:39.214,1:33:41.944
We should be going.[br]My car's out front.

1:33:42.016,1:33:42.948
I've got it.

1:33:43.017,1:33:43.949
Oh, thank you.

1:33:44.018,1:33:45.212
Just so you know,

1:33:45.286,1:33:46.981
you'll be staying on campus[br]in Douglas Hall.

1:33:47.055,1:33:48.249
I've got to tell you,

1:33:48.323,1:33:50.018
this debate is stirring up[br]a lot of excitement.

1:33:50.091,1:33:51.251
- Really?[br]- Oh, yeah.

1:33:51.326,1:33:53.794
It's gonna be broadcast[br]all over America.

1:33:53.862,1:33:56.490
Can we see where we're[br]going to debate?

1:33:56.564,1:33:57.588
Of course.

1:34:25.393,1:34:28.419
Hello, Harvard!

1:34:43.745,1:34:44.837
Excuse me.

1:34:44.913,1:34:47.040
You supposed to be here?

1:34:49.617,1:34:52.450
I guess we'll find out, won't we?

1:35:13.174,1:35:14.232
Well, look.

1:35:14.342,1:35:15.536
"Mr. Farmer."

1:35:20.482,1:35:22.746
$5.00?

1:35:22.817,1:35:23.977
Lowe, I got $5.00.

1:35:24.052,1:35:26.350
Yeah, I did, too. It's called per diem.

1:35:26.421,1:35:27.888
Hoo-hoo!

1:35:27.956,1:35:29.787
You want me to hold it for you?

1:35:29.858,1:35:31.792
No, not my $5.00.

1:35:38.466,1:35:42.129
I got $5.00. I got $5.00.

1:35:42.237,1:35:43.204
Me, too.

1:35:43.304,1:35:45.397
Well, mine is crispy.

1:35:47.108,1:35:51.670
James, this is high tea, all right?

1:35:51.746,1:35:55.682
We nibble. We do not devour.

1:35:55.750,1:35:57.615
How do you know?

1:35:57.685,1:35:59.312
I don't.

1:36:01.089,1:36:03.353
Hello. I'm Wilson.

1:36:03.424,1:36:05.756
This is for you.

1:36:05.827,1:36:07.260
Thank you.

1:36:09.864,1:36:12.697
I can't accept that, sir.

1:36:12.767,1:36:14.667
It would be inappropriate.

1:36:20.275,1:36:21.902
It would be inappropriate.

1:36:24.679,1:36:25.646
Who's it from?

1:36:25.713,1:36:26.839
It's from Harvard.

1:36:26.915,1:36:28.246
Maybe it's more money.

1:36:29.450,1:36:31.975
"We have been informed[br]by Tau Kappa Gamma

1:36:32.053,1:36:33.816
"that your team delivers...

1:36:35.089,1:36:37.250
"canned speeches:

1:36:37.325,1:36:41.318
"Arguments written by faculty[br]rather than students.

1:36:41.396,1:36:43.091
"Therefore, we are[br]changing the topic.

1:36:43.164,1:36:45.029
"You will have[br]the same amount of time

1:36:45.099,1:36:47.192
"to write new arguments[br]as the Harvard team:

1:36:47.302,1:36:48.860
48 hours."

1:36:50.305,1:36:52.637
Coaches help students all the time.

1:36:52.707,1:36:53.799
Yes, sir.

1:36:53.908,1:36:56.103
"Both teams will be delivered

1:36:56.177,1:36:57.269
the same reference books."

1:36:57.345,1:36:58.312
Yes, sir.

1:36:58.379,1:36:59.505
"Our new topic:[br]Resolved:

1:36:59.581,1:37:02.311
"Civil disobedience is a moral weapon[br]in the fight for justice."

1:37:02.450,1:37:05.044
Wiley College will be[br]arguing the affirmative."

1:37:05.119,1:37:06.279
Thank you, sir.

1:37:09.724,1:37:12.420
I can't reach Mr. Tolson.[br]Nobody knows where he is.

1:37:12.493,1:37:15.018
They're setting us up to lose.

1:37:15.096,1:37:16.927
We can't win without him.

1:37:16.998,1:37:19.660
*You're wrong.[br]We can't win without him.*

1:37:23.805,1:37:25.295
Thoreau?

1:37:25.406,1:37:27.704
"... less desponding free spirits,

1:37:27.775,1:37:29.003
is in her prisons..."

1:37:29.077,1:37:32.146
"Under a government[br]which imprisons any unjustly,

1:37:32.181,1:37:33.579
the true place for a just man..."

1:37:33.648,1:37:35.138
Here's your coffee, sir.

1:37:35.216,1:37:36.843
Thank you, Mr. Wilson.

1:37:36.918,1:37:38.317
Just Wilson.

1:37:38.386,1:37:39.512
Thank you, Wilson.

1:37:39.587,1:37:40.679
"... has provided for her freer

1:37:40.755,1:37:41.779
"and less desponding spirits..."

1:37:43.324,1:37:45.258
But you have to use[br]the Massacre at Amritsar.

1:37:45.326,1:37:46.793
Agreed, James,

1:37:46.861,1:37:48.624
but we'll save it for the rebuttal.

1:37:48.696,1:37:50.596
We're going to save the best for last

1:37:50.665,1:37:52.565
because you have[br]to leave the audience...

1:37:52.634,1:37:56.035
I think we should get into Gandhi's[br]concept of Satyagraha.

1:37:56.137,1:37:57.434
I don't agree.

1:37:57.538,1:37:59.062
I don't think people[br]are gonna understand what...

1:37:59.173,1:38:00.834
what... Sadagara?

1:38:00.975,1:38:02.840
Sactchmaget? Sactchma...

1:38:02.910,1:38:03.877
Satyagraha.

1:38:03.945,1:38:05.412
From the Sanskrit.

1:38:05.513,1:38:08.880
Meaning truth and fairness.

1:38:16.557,1:38:17.990
I told you.

1:38:18.059,1:38:19.185
It's... It's obvious to me

1:38:19.260,1:38:20.921
that we should begin[br]the debate with Gandhi.

1:38:20.995,1:38:22.462
That's exactly why I won't do it.

1:38:22.530,1:38:23.963
Why should I do the obvious thing?

1:38:24.032,1:38:25.158
Because that's what wins debates!

1:38:25.233,1:38:27.098
Listen to what you're saying.[br]This is Harvard, okay?

1:38:27.168,1:38:29.398
The first thing you think[br]when you think civil disobedience is what?

1:38:29.504,1:38:30.766
That's why we should use Gandhi!

1:38:30.872,1:38:32.100
But Gandhi is a strong point!

1:38:32.206,1:38:34.106
I want to win! Do you want to win?

1:38:34.175,1:38:36.234
Yes, I want to win, but he's right!

1:38:36.344,1:38:37.504
This is not getting us anywhere!

1:38:37.578,1:38:38.875
Tolson told me I was in charge!

1:38:38.946,1:38:40.208
He didn't put you in charge!

1:38:40.281,1:38:42.044
You're "in charge" does not mean...

1:38:42.116,1:38:43.242
So I can make decisions.

1:38:43.317,1:38:44.614
We're not starting with Gandhi!

1:38:44.686,1:38:45.812
Yes, we are!

1:38:45.887,1:38:47.821
Do you hear yourself?[br]You sound like a kid!

1:38:47.889,1:38:49.516
Well, you are a kid!

1:38:49.590,1:38:51.057
Fellas, come on!

1:38:51.125,1:38:52.752
- I'm an idiot?[br]- Yes!

1:38:52.827,1:38:54.294
To hell with you![br]To hell with you!

1:38:54.362,1:38:55.488
To hell with this debate!

1:38:55.563,1:38:57.428
To hell with me?[br]To hell with me?

1:38:57.498,1:38:59.159
Just because I disagree with you?

1:38:59.233,1:39:00.393
If you're gonna walk out, fine!

1:39:00.468,1:39:02.629
We're not chasing you!

1:39:02.804,1:39:07.104
We are so tired of chasing you!

1:39:12.680,1:39:13.874
He's coming back, isn't he?

1:39:13.948,1:39:15.540
See if I care!

1:40:20.681,1:40:22.046
How you doing, man?

1:41:22.343,1:41:24.208
You're beautiful when you're asleep.

1:41:36.657,1:41:38.124
Henry, I...

1:41:38.192,1:41:40.422
Yeah, I know, I know.

1:41:40.494,1:41:43.952
But you can't stop me[br]from looking at you.

1:41:44.031,1:41:47.432
Can everybody shut up and go to bed?

1:41:47.501,1:41:50.265
James, come on, wake up.

1:41:50.371,1:41:51.599
No.

1:41:51.706,1:41:52.673
James.

1:41:57.445,1:41:59.345
Come on, James, get up.

1:42:05.553,1:42:06.952
What?

1:42:12.159,1:42:14.150
What is this?

1:42:14.228,1:42:16.696
That's my notes.

1:42:18.432,1:42:20.491
What are you giving them to me for?

1:42:20.568,1:42:22.331
Because you're debating, not me.

1:42:22.436,1:42:24.927
What?

1:42:25.039,1:42:26.973
It's your turn, James.

1:42:27.041,1:42:28.406
You serious?

1:42:29.844,1:42:30.902
You're crazy.

1:42:30.978,1:42:33.139
At 14, you're just as good as me.

1:42:33.214,1:42:34.579
The judges will love you.

1:42:34.649,1:42:35.843
No. No. You can't quit.

1:42:35.917,1:42:37.942
I'm not quitting, Samantha.

1:42:39.787,1:42:43.553
Tolson made me captain,[br]and he said you were ready.

1:42:43.624,1:42:45.489
Yeah, but you saw me at Howard.

1:42:45.559,1:42:46.753
I was horrible.

1:42:46.827,1:42:48.351
That's right. You did terrible, didn't you?

1:42:48.429,1:42:49.726
Stunk up the whole joint, right?

1:42:49.797,1:42:51.526
So you should just quit, right?

1:42:51.599,1:42:53.032
You should just give up.

1:42:56.704,1:42:57.693
No.

1:43:03.477,1:43:05.411
Who's the judge?

1:43:06.647,1:43:08.046
What?

1:43:08.082,1:43:10.209
Who's the judge?

1:43:12.520,1:43:14.681
The judge is God.

1:43:15.957,1:43:17.686
And why is he God?

1:43:19.393,1:43:24.228
Because he decides who wins or loses,[br]not my opponent.

1:43:24.298,1:43:27.233
And who is your opponent?

1:43:27.301,1:43:29.826
He doesn't exist.

1:43:29.937,1:43:32.701
Why doesn't he exist?

1:43:32.807,1:43:35.298
Because he is a mere a dissenting voice

1:43:35.409,1:43:37.468
to the truth that I speak.

1:43:40.214,1:43:41.442
That's right.

1:43:41.515,1:43:43.506
Speak the truth.

1:43:44.952,1:43:47.512
Direct from Harvard Memorial Hall

1:43:47.588,1:43:49.453
in Cambridge, Massachusetts,

1:43:49.523,1:43:53.289
this is WNBC Radio,[br]bringing to you live

1:43:53.361,1:43:55.022
tonight's history-making debate

1:43:55.096,1:43:58.623
between little Wiley College[br]from Marshall, Texas,

1:43:58.699,1:44:01.099
and the Harvard University Debate team,

1:44:01.235,1:44:02.429
the first time ever

1:44:02.536,1:44:04.868
a Negro college has faced[br]the national champions.

1:44:04.939,1:44:05.997
Harvard's Dean of Students

1:44:06.107,1:44:07.972
is making his way to the podium now.

1:44:08.009,1:44:10.409
The crowd, as if on cue, falls silent.

1:44:11.746,1:44:13.680
On this historic occasion,

1:44:13.748,1:44:16.683
we welcome the distinguished team[br]from Wiley College,

1:44:16.751,1:44:19.845
our illustrious judges, you the audience,

1:44:19.920,1:44:23.412
and through the wonder[br]of radio, the nation.

1:44:23.491,1:44:27.757
Harvard University celebrates[br]its 300th anniversary this year,

1:44:27.828,1:44:32.458
and, in Franklin Delano Roosevelt,[br]its fifth President of the United States.

1:44:32.533,1:44:36.469
*But no university, no matter how grand[br]or august in its history,*

1:44:36.570,1:44:39.095
*can afford to live in the past.*

1:44:39.206,1:44:42.972
*So, in the spirit of tomorrow,*

1:44:43.044,1:44:45.979
*I introduce to you today:*

1:44:47.214,1:44:49.182
The debaters from Wiley College:

1:44:49.250,1:44:50.615
Miss Samantha Booke,

1:44:50.684,1:44:52.675
Mr. James Farmer, Junior.

1:44:54.088,1:44:55.612
What?

1:45:04.432,1:45:07.833
Mr. Farmer will argue the first affirmative.

1:45:27.054,1:45:29.318
Resolved:

1:45:29.390,1:45:32.848
Civil disobedience is a moral weapon

1:45:32.927,1:45:35.862
in the fight for justice.

1:45:35.930,1:45:39.058
But how can disobedience[br]ever be moral?

1:45:39.133,1:45:40.498
Well, I guess that depends

1:45:40.568,1:45:43.401
on one's definition of the words.

1:45:43.504,1:45:44.493
Word.

1:45:46.507,1:45:49.374
In 1919, in India,

1:45:49.443,1:45:54.107
10,000 people gathered in Amritsar[br]to protest the tyranny of British rule.

1:45:54.181,1:45:55.239
Has it started?

1:45:55.316,1:45:56.374
Your brother's talking.

1:45:56.450,1:45:57.678
Just sit down.

1:45:57.751,1:46:00.914
General Reginald Dyer[br]trapped them in a courtyard

1:46:01.055,1:46:06.015
and ordered his troops[br]to fire into the crowd for ten minutes.

1:46:06.093,1:46:08.118
379 died...

1:46:08.162,1:46:13.293
men, women, children...

1:46:13.334,1:46:15.063
Shot down in cold blood.

1:46:15.169,1:46:19.606
Dyer said he had[br]taught them a moral lesson.

1:46:19.707,1:46:23.507
Gandhi and his followers responded[br]not with violence

1:46:23.577,1:46:27.877
but with an organized[br]campaign of non-cooperation.

1:46:27.948,1:46:30.610
Government buildings were occupied.

1:46:30.684,1:46:33.312
*Streets were blocked[br]with people who refused to rise,*

1:46:33.387,1:46:36.288
*even when beaten by police.*

1:46:36.357,1:46:38.757
Gandhi was arrested,

1:46:38.826,1:46:42.125
but the British were soon[br]forced to release him.

1:46:42.196,1:46:46.326
He called it a moral victory.

1:46:46.400,1:46:48.732
The definition of moral:

1:46:48.836,1:46:53.239
Dyer's lesson or Gandhi's victory?

1:46:53.307,1:46:54.774
You choose.

1:47:12.526,1:47:15.723
From 1914 to 1918,

1:47:15.796,1:47:20.995
for every single minute[br]the world was at war,

1:47:21.068,1:47:25.061
four men laid down their lives.

1:47:25.172,1:47:27.606
Just think of it.

1:47:27.675,1:47:32.908
240 brave young men[br]were hurled into eternity

1:47:32.980,1:47:36.381
every hour of every day, of every night,

1:47:36.450,1:47:39.146
for four long years.

1:47:41.121,1:47:44.557
35,000 hours.

1:47:44.625,1:47:51.030
8,281,000 casualties.

1:47:52.967,1:47:54.798
240.

1:47:56.003,1:47:58.130
240.

1:47:58.239,1:48:02.676
240.

1:48:02.843,1:48:04.276
Here was a slaughter

1:48:04.345,1:48:08.577
immeasurably greater than[br]what happened at Amritsar.

1:48:08.616,1:48:12.108
Can there be anything moral about it?

1:48:13.487,1:48:14.886
Nothing...

1:48:14.955,1:48:16.786
except that it stopped Germany

1:48:16.857,1:48:18.757
from enslaving all of Europe.

1:48:18.826,1:48:23.695
Civil disobedience isn't moral[br]because it's non-violent.

1:48:23.764,1:48:26.733
Fighting for your country with violence

1:48:26.800,1:48:29.268
can be deeply moral,

1:48:29.370,1:48:34.535
demanding the greatest[br]sacrifice of all:

1:48:34.642,1:48:36.940
Life itself.

1:48:37.011,1:48:40.447
Non-violence is the mask[br]civil disobedience wears

1:48:40.547,1:48:44.074
to conceal its true face...

1:48:44.151,1:48:46.642
anarchy.

1:48:58.098,1:49:00.862
Gandhi believes one must always act

1:49:01.035,1:49:03.833
with love and respect[br]for one's opponents,

1:49:03.937,1:49:06.462
even if they are Harvard debaters.

1:49:08.075,1:49:12.011
Gandhi also believes[br]that lawbreakers must accept

1:49:12.079,1:49:15.344
the legal consequences for their actions.

1:49:15.416,1:49:17.543
Does that sound like anarchy?

1:49:17.618,1:49:22.885
Civil disobedience is not something[br]for us to fear.

1:49:22.956,1:49:25.982
It is, after all, an American concept.

1:49:26.060,1:49:28.392
You see, Gandhi draws his inspiration

1:49:28.462,1:49:30.259
not from a Hindu scripture,

1:49:30.331,1:49:32.322
but from Henry David Thoreau,

1:49:32.399,1:49:34.924
who I believe graduated from Harvard

1:49:35.035,1:49:45.279
and lived by a pond[br]not too far from here.

1:49:45.314,1:49:48.476
My opponent is right about one thing.

1:49:48.549,1:49:51.074
Thoreau was a Harvard grad,

1:49:51.151,1:49:55.884
and, like many of us, a bit self-righteous.

1:49:58.392,1:50:03.591
He once said, "Any man[br]more right than his neighbors

1:50:03.630,1:50:07.361
constitutes a majority of one."

1:50:07.401,1:50:11.132
Thoreau the idealist could never know

1:50:11.238,1:50:15.265
that Adolf Hitler[br]would agree with his words.

1:50:15.376,1:50:20.507
The beauty and the burden[br]of democracy is this:

1:50:20.581,1:50:25.951
No idea prevails without[br]the support of the majority.

1:50:26.019,1:50:28.852
The people decide[br]the moral issues of the day,

1:50:28.922,1:50:31.288
not a majority of one.

1:50:31.358,1:50:35.818
Majorities do not decide[br]what is right or wrong.

1:50:35.896,1:50:37.864
Your conscience does.

1:50:37.931,1:50:40.593
So why should a citizen

1:50:40.667,1:50:43.158
surrender his or her conscience

1:50:43.270,1:50:44.601
to a legislator?

1:50:44.705,1:50:48.869
No, we must never, ever kneel down

1:50:48.942,1:50:51.843
before the tyranny of a majority.

1:51:00.287,1:51:03.814
We can't decide which laws[br]to obey and which to ignore.

1:51:03.957,1:51:06.482
If we could...

1:51:06.560,1:51:08.187
I'd never stop for a red light.

1:51:10.063,1:51:12.088
My father is one of those men

1:51:12.166,1:51:15.897
that stands between us and chaos:

1:51:16.003,1:51:18.471
A police officer.

1:51:18.572,1:51:24.511
I remember the day[br]his partner, his best friend,

1:51:24.578,1:51:27.240
was gunned down in the line of duty.

1:51:29.249,1:51:32.013
Most vividly of all,

1:51:32.085,1:51:35.577
I remember the expression[br]on my dad's face.

1:51:37.691,1:51:43.596
Nothing that erodes[br]the rule of law can be moral,

1:51:43.664,1:51:48.192
no matter what name we give it.

1:51:50.704,1:51:52.467
Bravo!

1:52:36.617,1:52:37.743
Why doesn't he say something?

1:52:55.602,1:52:59.163
In Texas...

1:52:59.273,1:53:01.138
they lynch Negroes.

1:53:03.544,1:53:05.512
*My teammates and I*

1:53:05.579,1:53:09.845
saw a man strung up by his neck

1:53:09.883,1:53:11.441
and set on fire.

1:53:13.921,1:53:17.982
We drove through a lynch mob,

1:53:18.058,1:53:21.459
pressed our faces[br]against the floorboard.

1:53:24.598,1:53:27.624
I looked at my teammates.

1:53:27.701,1:53:30.727
I saw the fear in their eyes...

1:53:33.140,1:53:36.109
and worse...

1:53:36.209,1:53:37.471
the shame.

1:53:40.714,1:53:43.308
What was this Negro's crime

1:53:43.383,1:53:45.817
that he should be hung, without trial,

1:53:45.886,1:53:48.446
in a dark forest filled with fog?

1:53:48.522,1:53:52.515
Was he a thief?

1:53:52.593,1:53:55.721
Was he a killer?

1:53:55.796,1:53:57.320
Or just a Negro?

1:53:59.600,1:54:02.228
Was he a sharecropper?

1:54:02.402,1:54:04.529
*A preacher?*

1:54:04.638,1:54:07.664
*Were his children waiting up for him?*

1:54:07.708,1:54:13.806
And who are we to just[br]lie there and do nothing?

1:54:16.483,1:54:21.682
No matter what he did,[br]the mob was the criminal.

1:54:21.755,1:54:25.054
But the law did nothing,

1:54:25.125,1:54:28.458
just left us wondering why.

1:54:34.701,1:54:36.566
My opponent says

1:54:36.670,1:54:40.834
nothing that erodes the rule[br]of law can be moral.

1:54:40.941,1:54:43.774
But there is no rule of law[br]in the Jim Crow South,

1:54:43.844,1:54:46.312
not when Negroes are denied housing,

1:54:46.413,1:54:48.938
turned away from schools, hospitals,

1:54:49.016,1:54:51.246
and not when we are lynched.

1:54:55.789,1:54:57.188
St. Augustine said,

1:54:57.257,1:55:01.785
*"An unjust law is no law at all,"*

1:55:01.928,1:55:03.759
which means I have a right,

1:55:03.830,1:55:06.492
even a duty, to resist...

1:55:08.835,1:55:13.534
with violence or civil disobedience.

1:55:17.911,1:55:20.436
You should pray I choose the latter.

1:55:33.827,1:55:35.920
Bravo!

1:55:52.179,1:55:53.441
*In tonight's debate*

1:55:53.513,1:55:59.213
between Harvard University[br]and Wiley College...

1:56:02.489,1:56:04.184
And the winner is...

1:56:27.080,1:56:28.741
Wiley College.