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Dialogue: 0,0:00:03.47,0:00:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}rc3 preroll music{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.94,0:00:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Our next speakers are Gus and GeKo\Nfrom the Tor project. They both came on
Dialogue: 0,0:00:14.60,0:00:19.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,onto the project. A couple have been\Nworking with the project for a long time
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.95,0:00:25.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now, and a couple of years ago, they both\Ncame on as employees. Gus, as the team
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.64,0:00:30.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leader, as the community lead of the\Nproject and Georg as the network team
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.76,0:00:36.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leader, who has been working on improving\Nthe health of the network and making sure
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.00,0:00:41.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that bad relays are removed. Give them all\Na great round of applause from home and
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.88,0:00:49.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,welcome to the stage, guys. Take it away.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.62,0:00:54.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: Hello, everyone, hello. This is\NGeorg from the Tor project, and I have got
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.48,0:01:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with me today to talk about the State of\Nthe Onion, a yearly thing, and we are
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.40,0:01:08.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really happy to be here at the CCC and\Nthink about providing an update, what we
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.48,0:01:13.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did, what we are excited about next year\Nand what is basically in the pipeline.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.00,0:01:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before we start, assuming we have some\Nfolks watching this talk, wondering what
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.16,0:01:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this Tor thing is? We thought about\Npicking them up, getting them up to speed
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.16,0:01:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and talking about what we are actually\Ntalking about here. So, Tor is concerned
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.52,0:01:37.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the online anonymity and censorship\Ncircumvention. It's referred to as free
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.28,0:01:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,software, and we actually have an open\Nnetwork of relay operators and relays and
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.56,0:01:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operated by volunteers. But that's not the\Nonly meaning of Tor. You find you are as
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.12,0:01:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, you know, in a community of\Nresearchers, developers, users, and you
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.28,0:02:02.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mentioned relay operators. As a project.\NWe are a US 501c3 nonprofit organization.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.84,0:02:11.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, that's the different notions of Tor\Nyou might encounter. So, what is actually
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.76,0:02:17.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Tor design? How does it help with the\Nanonymity goal or censorship circumvention
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.12,0:02:23.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,goal? So, I assume you have two parties\Nwho want to communicate over the internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.72,0:02:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they want particular. Alice wants to\Nhide the location of their IP address, so
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.40,0:02:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they can connect directly to Bob because\Nthat would be obvious where they are
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.72,0:02:44.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming from. So, they try to get their\Ntraffic through multiple relays. So, no
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.96,0:02:51.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,single relay can actually betray Alice\Nhere and find out now what Alice is up to,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.68,0:02:59.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or actually, where she is coming from. So,\Nwhat Alice is doing, or actually Alice's
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.71,0:03:07.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor-client on her machine is picking a\Npath through the network where through
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.39,0:03:14.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relays mentioned here with R1, R2 and R3\Nbefore she's finally reaching Bob. So,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.12,0:03:23.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this looks like some something like this\Nhere, and at the end, Alice is asking the
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.14,0:03:32.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exit relay or relay three on this slide to\Nconnect to Bob, and then they can talk to
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.05,0:03:39.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each other. That's the basic underlying\Nconcept of Tor. Then there's the problem
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.45,0:03:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we sometimes see censorship in the\Nwild, which means that adversaries trying
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.17,0:03:53.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to prevent Alice from actually reaching\Nthe Tor-Network and so that she can
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.65,0:03:59.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,benefit from the privacy properties that\Nthe Network is providing. And in this
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.35,0:04:07.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,case, the direct connection to the cloud\Nabove there with the public relays as
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.17,0:04:13.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,presented. And what Alice needs to do is\Nto connect to so-called bridges, which are
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.77,0:04:19.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nonpublic relays in this case, which\Nbridge work as a first hop. And then she
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.31,0:04:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is picking the usual remaining two hops\Nbefore connecting to Bob. So, this is a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.52,0:04:32.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rough idea of how Tor is trying to prevent\Ncensorship. Or to bypass censorship to be
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.40,0:04:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more correctly and which will play a role\Nin the coming slides because we talk a
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.28,0:04:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bunch about censorship, work we do and\Nhave done and want to do. So, that's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.56,0:04:53.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically Tor in a nutshell. That's there\Nare many more things to Tor, but that's
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.84,0:04:59.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hopefully enough to understand what the\Nfollowing updates are about. So, if you
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.74,0:05:06.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recall the previous slides, that was\Nbasically trying to provide privacy at the
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.80,0:05:12.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network layer for users hiding the IP\Naddresses. But as we know, the web, in
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.100,0:05:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particular browsers, are large beasts, and\Nthat's by far not enough anymore to
Dialogue: 0,0:05:17.94,0:05:22.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guarantee any meaningful privacy on the\Ninternet because of all of the tracking
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.94,0:05:28.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mechanisms and arrays of fingerprint\Nusers. So, a couple of years ago, we
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.99,0:05:36.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,essentially started to provide a tool\Ncalled Tor Browser, which is essentially a
Dialogue: 0,0:05:36.53,0:05:43.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fork of Firefox and has dozens of patches\Non top of that. So, we can actually
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.51,0:05:50.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provide the privacy guarantees we think\Nare important. And this tool got some, you
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.15,0:05:56.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,know, some meaningful updates over the\Nyear. And one of these is that we
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.05,0:06:02.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overhauled the Tor connection experience.\NSome of you who are already familiar with
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.78,0:06:09.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor browser, know about this weird modal\Ndialog popping up once. This is (virtual)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.90,0:06:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,browser, which was, up until the Tor\Nbrowser 10.5, the default way of
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.29,0:06:23.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connecting to the tunnel broker program,\Nthe Tor browser. And this is gone because
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.81,0:06:28.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's a really weird experience if you\Nhave any other browser, what is happening
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.05,0:06:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you started? You get a browser window\Nand then start searching or typing or
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.94,0:06:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whatever. You never get any modal dialog,\Nwhich is a UX experience, which is not
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.50,0:06:44.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really the best. So we fixed that. There's\Nno modal dialog during startup anymore,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.76,0:06:50.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there are easy ways to an easy way to\Nconnect automatically now. So, you don't
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.35,0:06:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even see this particular sort of screen\Nanymore, or was giving you much smoother
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.49,0:07:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,experience for your Tor browser usage,\Nwhich is pretty exciting. Then we finally
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.80,0:07:10.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,deployed Snowflake, which is a means for\Nhelping censored users on the internet,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.36,0:07:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is, you know, kind of next, next,\Nnext-level step in the arms race against
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.86,0:07:25.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,censors. And this has been in the works\Nfor a couple of years and has been testing
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.36,0:07:31.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for months in our alpha release series and\Nfinally made it earlier this year and
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.07,0:07:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stable. And you can see in this on this\Ngraph how the usage grew over time,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.52,0:07:47.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting with the initial launch and the\Nstable series at the beginning of July
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.50,0:07:56.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this year. You see, there's a continually\Ngrowing numbers of snowflake users you see
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.20,0:08:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the right side, the despite up and\Ndown, and we'll talk about this a bit
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.24,0:08:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later. But it's a growth, and we can see\Nthis, and we can hear the feedback for
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.01,0:08:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,users. So, what you can help is. Running\Nsnowflakes, how this was going to work is
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.92,0:08:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a thing Gus will explain later on. But\Nthat's already a thing you can try to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.13,0:08:27.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,remember and getting out of this talk, so\Nyou can help censored users. Um, yeah,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.90,0:08:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's two of the high notes for this year\Nfor the next year and upcoming years, we
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.00,0:08:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plan to make it even easier to help\Ncensored users around the world, for
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.58,0:08:46.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instance, by faster updating the D4\Nbridges. we ship with the Tor browser.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.24,0:08:52.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Usually, what's happening right now is\Nthat once we want to bundle new bridges to
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.70,0:08:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor browser, we have to have a new\Nrelease, which is pretty cumbersome and
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.95,0:09:03.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,slow, and we want to make this faster that\Nyou can keep your Tor browser but get
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.51,0:09:10.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,updated bridges if there are any available\Nwhich we can ship. And then we continue
Dialogue: 0,0:09:10.19,0:09:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,working on the general idea of just\Nhelping users bypassing the censorship,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.09,0:09:21.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,though they should have a button like "I\Nam censored" and then Tor browser should
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.84,0:09:27.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,figure out everything it needs to provide\Nworking bridges for the user and the
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.54,0:09:34.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particular region where they are. That's\Nthe kind of the golden standard we want to
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.64,0:09:41.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get to. So, this will be pretty exciting\Nwork then for another project, actually a
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.79,0:09:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multi-year project, which we recently\Nstarted, I want you to give an update. The
Dialogue: 0,0:09:47.59,0:09:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor browser thing is pretty cool in the\Nsense that you have an app, and then you
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.78,0:10:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have per app settings kind per app means\Nof providing privacy properties, but
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.33,0:10:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,particularly on Mobile, where you have\Nkind of dozens or hundreds of apps. It's
Dialogue: 0,0:10:07.60,0:10:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pretty cumbersome if it's usable or\Npossible at all to configure. Every app to
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.65,0:10:20.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every app to use Tor as a proxy, so what\Nwe want, or we actually want to what you
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.69,0:10:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just want on mobile at least, is a way to\Nhim to route all safe traffic and specific
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.75,0:10:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,safe applications through Tor. You don't\Nwant to configure this per app, though.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:35.28,0:10:41.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's that's not the way to go. That's a\Npretty "VPN" like functionality to do. I
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.68,0:10:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,put "VPN" in quotes here because that's\Nkind of a working, you know, concept we
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.72,0:10:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would probably want to come up with the\Nbetter term at the final product, because
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.54,0:11:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,VPN is kind of tainted and people have\Nparticular understandings of what this
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.70,0:11:11.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,means. VPN is, and you have kind of a new\Ntool here which was trying to fill the
Dialogue: 0,0:11:11.10,0:11:17.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,niche and provide better guarantees than\Nregular VPNs do. So, we want probably come
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.72,0:11:22.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,up with a different term. But that's\Npretty close from the functionality point
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.90,0:11:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of view. What we want to do and the bonus\Npoints here as well are that, We can
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.84,0:11:36.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,easily expand our censorship circumvention\Nmeans to the whole device and don't have
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.02,0:11:41.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to deal with that on a per app basis,\Neither. The work is done with our friends
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.17,0:11:46.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the Guardian project and the LEAP\NEncryption Access Project, which is
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.32,0:11:50.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exciting, and we plan to have this\Navailable on Android first, likely
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.63,0:11:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starting in 2023. Maybe already at the end\Nof next year, we'll see. As I said, it's a
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.14,0:12:08.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,multi-year project spanning different\Nteams at Tor. It's using Arti the new rust
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.91,0:12:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based (talk line) we are currently\Nwriting. So, that's a pretty exciting
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.28,0:12:20.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project, and we hope you make serious\Nprogress over next year. So let me leave
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.76,0:12:26.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the application part right now and talk a\Nbit about what we could call network
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.23,0:12:30.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,health. The one of the points which\Nfrequently comes up, which is important,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.95,0:12:39.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is our work in the bad relay area. All the\Ndealing with malicious relays remains hard
Dialogue: 0,0:12:39.02,0:12:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with our limited resources. We removed,\Nfor instance, several large groups of
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.85,0:12:49.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually relays in early 2021 and used\Nthis actually as kind of a wake-up call to
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.20,0:12:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,seriously invest in this area, which means\Nwriting new scanners for detecting
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.88,0:13:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,malicious behavior and do a better\Nmonitoring for malicious behavior at the
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.64,0:13:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network. And I think over the year. I'm\Nconfident to say that we actually are
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.60,0:13:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to have a safer Tor network and\Ncompared with previous years, I think it's
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.40,0:13:18.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fair to say as well that we right now have\Na safer Tor network as well compared to
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.25,0:13:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we had in the previous year. So, that\Nis exciting progress. Worth mentioning
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.07,0:13:32.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here, but that's not enough, right? So,\Nwhat we actually want to do to provide an
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.48,0:13:40.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even safer experience and tackling the the\Nthe problem of malicious relays more at
Dialogue: 0,0:13:40.35,0:13:47.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the core, is leveraging trust in our relay\Ncommunity, helping with those problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.56,0:13:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the key points to take away here is\Nthat is. It mixed approach in the sense
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.37,0:13:59.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we have technical tools helping, that\Nreally work. But as well this is a social
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.36,0:14:06.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,approach, which is important here because\Nwe can't solve the problem of malicious
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.04,0:14:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relays on the technical means alone. And\Nthis is the thing we take into account
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.88,0:14:21.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right now already started successfully, I\Nthink with experiments, for instance, we
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.92,0:14:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,removed like three weeks ago, two large\Ngroups of relays which we deemed to be
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.08,0:14:35.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,malicious, which were perfectly configured\Nfrom a configuration perspective. Then all
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.20,0:14:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the my family settings, and they had a\Ncontact info information side, which was
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.52,0:14:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,supposed to be non-spoofable. So, they did\Nall the technical parts right, but still,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.52,0:14:52.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once we start to contact them and tried to\Ntalk to them, it was pretty clear they
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.72,0:14:57.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were very likely malicious, and we removed\Nthem quickly from the network, which
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.20,0:15:02.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed us once more that there's a social\Ncomponent here too, which is important.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.96,0:15:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this will be the priority for the\Nnetwork health team, not only for the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.52,0:15:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,team. I mean, yes, the community team\Ninvolved as well, and other teams too. But
Dialogue: 0,0:15:11.52,0:15:18.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would be important for the Tor project\Nin 2022. And what this means at the end,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.08,0:15:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, taking trust into account is not\Nset yet. That could be the idea that we
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.40,0:15:29.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,say, OK, we have here a large group of\Ntrusted relays, and they get more traffic
Dialogue: 0,0:15:29.04,0:15:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to see a lot more traffic to see from uses\Ncompared to the non-trusted group. This
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.44,0:15:41.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has performance implications and many\Nother implications, which we need to
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.04,0:15:46.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,explore in detail. Starting this year, but\Nmore next year, and probably for the
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.80,0:15:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming years, which actually brings me to\Nmy final point for my part, which is
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.60,0:15:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,talking to you a bit about Tor performance\Nand the work we did this year and what's
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.32,0:16:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming up next. So, if you look at these\Nand this graph of those two graphs, you
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.40,0:16:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see a growing gap between the bandwidth,\Nwhich is virtualized on the network and
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.80,0:16:16.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the actually used bandwidth over the\Nyears, starting from, you know, kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.08,0:16:24.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2011 and continuing up until today. This\Nis kind of counterintuitive because one of
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.64,0:16:31.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the things we usually get, as, kind of\Nmost of the most important complaint, is
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.04,0:16:37.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Tor is slow? So, so what's the issue\Nhere? If you have so much kind of surplus
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.52,0:16:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bandwidth, but it's not getting used, but\Non the other hand, users are complaining
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.92,0:16:47.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor is slow. So, we have a project which\Nis trying to solve those problems. We
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.68,0:16:54.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,think that a big part of this equation is\Ncoming up in that good congestion control
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.32,0:16:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the Tor Network, which was lacking so\Nfar. So, that we have an overall better
Dialogue: 0,0:16:58.64,0:17:04.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bandwidth usage. And this could be\Nimplemented this year, which is exciting,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.56,0:17:10.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and will be deployed next year. And we\Nhopefully see not this growing gap
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.48,0:17:18.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anymore, but a shrinking gap.\NAdditionally, one thing we sorely missed
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.00,0:17:22.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was feedback for relay operators, whether\Ntheir relays are doing well, whether they
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.88,0:17:29.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are overloaded and whether they can\Nimprove settings and make the proper
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.68,0:17:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,modifications. So, we implemented a series\Nof kind of warnings or triggers which
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.88,0:17:41.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relay operators can monitor and we from\Nthe Tor Project side can monitor as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.48,0:17:50.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then we can ping relay operators and\Nhelping them figure out their stuff and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.48,0:17:56.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,getting those issues fixed. Resolving the\Noverload they see on their relays and
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.48,0:18:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,planned for 2022 as well is that we start\Nto do better load balancing by figuring
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.76,0:18:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,out which relays are seriously overloaded\Nand moving traffic from them back to less
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.80,0:18:19.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,overloaded relays, giving an overall\Nbetter performance and user experience for
Dialogue: 0,0:18:19.44,0:18:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all users. So, I think that's all I had to\Nsay from my side. Thanks for listening and
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.32,0:18:32.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our Gus will pick this up.\NGus: Thank you, Georg. So, hello. This is
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.47,0:18:40.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gus from the Tor project. And today I will\Ntalk a little bit about the Community Team
Dialogue: 0,0:18:40.51,0:18:49.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and our work on the Tor community, so we\Nwill cover the new user support forum, our
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.68,0:18:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,new gamification project. The "run a\Nbridge" campaign that we started last
Dialogue: 0,0:18:55.96,0:19:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,month, and we are also going to talk about\Nthe Tor censorship in Russia. So, for the
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.31,0:19:12.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,third forum, we at the beginning of this\Nyear, we start to think about having a
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.38,0:19:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,place where people can ask questions. That\Nis not the mailing list. So, in 2021, what
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.91,0:19:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looks like a support forum? You know how\Nwhere users can do questions and receive
Dialogue: 0,0:19:26.60,0:19:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,help. So, email and use of the\Ncommunication are nice, are cool and
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.29,0:19:37.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,important because people in certain\Nregions, they can access this resource.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:37.08,0:19:43.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can send an email from Iran, from\NChina, from Russia now, and they can
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.39,0:19:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,access our documentation. But you are\Nthinking about, are there other ways to
Dialogue: 0,0:19:49.40,0:19:54.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reach out to this community to find\Nplaces, to find a way, for them to
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.24,0:20:00.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,communicate and ask questions? So, part of\NGS plan is to,..., The first part of this
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.37,0:20:06.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plan is to have a Tor forum, so people can\Naccess this information and ask questions
Dialogue: 0,0:20:06.32,0:20:12.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on your support forum. That's friendly,\Nand you can store an app on your phone and
Dialogue: 0,0:20:12.35,0:20:18.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,contact and talk with others. And later,\Nwe'll talk about the second part of this
Dialogue: 0,0:20:18.18,0:20:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plan. So, we launched the Tor Forum\Njazzier in October, and it has been very
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.97,0:20:32.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,nice, and I invite everyone to join our\Nforum. The other project that we are doing
Dialogue: 0,0:20:32.35,0:20:37.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the community team is the gamification\Nproject for relay operators. So, the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:20:37.31,0:20:42.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to understand what, what are the\Nmotivations, how we can incentivize better
Dialogue: 0,0:20:42.56,0:20:48.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Tor network, how we can grow, the Tor\Nnetwork, basically, or why people are
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.22,0:20:54.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stopping children relays. So, we are doing\Nthis as part of our internship, and Nico
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.01,0:20:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is our intern, and she is doing this work,\Nand we have a survey online, so people can
Dialogue: 0,0:20:59.44,0:21:06.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ask some questions and give feedback about\Ntheir experience, running relays. And last
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.71,0:21:13.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,month in November, we launched our\Ncampaign to get more bridges and in as far
Dialogue: 0,0:21:13.82,0:21:19.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as ... Well, Bridges are very important\Nfor users, living in censored countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.32,0:21:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how they are going to connect to\Nthe Tor network. So, our plan was to have
Dialogue: 0,0:21:25.00,0:21:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,200 new obfs4 bridges. obfs4 is a\Npluggable transport that can obfuscate
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.09,0:21:43.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your Tor connection. And we, ... so the\Nplan was 200 new bridges and the campaign
Dialogue: 0,0:21:43.39,0:21:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,staffs at now are at 947 new running\NBridges. 847 new obfs4 bridges, and the
Dialogue: 0,0:21:52.54,0:22:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network size about from 1200 to 2000 new\Nbridges overall. So, the campaign was a
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.33,0:22:11.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,real success and we ... and you can see on\Nthe graph here on the screen how the
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.30,0:22:19.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,campaign changed the course of the network\Nsize here. And so, this campaign started
Dialogue: 0,0:22:19.85,0:22:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in November and December, a situation just\Nhappened. So, at the beginning of
Dialogue: 0,0:22:27.84,0:22:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,December, we received a lot of users\Nasking for support in Russia and what it
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.68,0:22:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was not? Well, we usually have some users\Nasking for help, but this time was
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.49,0:22:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different. We received, like a lot of user\Nsupport requests, basically emails asking
Dialogue: 0,0:22:46.92,0:22:53.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for Tor bridges, and that was very strange\Nbecause we didn't know anything happening.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:53.05,0:22:58.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we start to investigate with OONI\Nwhich is the "Open Observatory of Network
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.62,0:23:04.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Interference" to understand what was\Nhappening. So, we start to see some
Dialogue: 0,0:23:04.76,0:23:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,anomalies on the Tor net in Russia,\Nbasically blocking not just our website,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.23,0:23:19.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also the Tor network and not only the\NTor network, but also some Tor bridges.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.63,0:23:25.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that was like, ... we started to look\Ninto that to understand what was
Dialogue: 0,0:23:25.97,0:23:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,happening. So, we start to collect\Ninformation, and we put together (...)
Dialogue: 0,0:23:33.20,0:23:39.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ticket and a few days later, we received\Nan email from Russian authorities saying
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.50,0:23:45.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they were going to block the\NTorproject domain, and basically, failed
Dialogue: 0,0:23:45.38,0:23:51.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to give us a reason, and we didn't\Nunderstand what was happening, so we, ...
Dialogue: 0,0:23:51.66,0:24:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to skip the lawyer part and the\Nreason that they are blocking the Tor
Dialogue: 0,0:24:00.54,0:24:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project website and I will focus on what\Nthey are actually doing and how that is
Dialogue: 0,0:24:05.60,0:24:11.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,impacting the Tor network and the Tor\Ncommunity. So, Russia is the second-
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.81,0:24:17.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,largest country of Tor users, after users\Nin the United States, Russia, Germany,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:17.84,0:24:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Netherlands and other countries that are\Nthe top 10 top 20 countries that are using
Dialogue: 0,0:24:24.16,0:24:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor. In the end, as we start to look at\Nthe metrics and see that the numbers of
Dialogue: 0,0:24:32.68,0:24:39.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our users were decreasing in December. And\Nwe also saw that the bridge users also
Dialogue: 0,0:24:39.76,0:24:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increasing. So, you can see clearly the\Nimpact of the censorship on just a graph
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.88,0:24:50.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here and just a graph is available on the\Nmetrics portal too. So, the summary here
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.64,0:24:55.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is, well, On December 1st, the Russian\Nauthorities they blocked Tor Directory
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.52,0:25:00.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Authorities. So if you have Tor followed\Non your computer, you cannot bootstrap
Dialogue: 0,0:25:00.00,0:25:06.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor. They block Tor Browser Bridges. So if\Nyou have Tor browser installed, you cannot
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.00,0:25:10.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,use these bridges. They also block a\Ndomain fronting with Azure. So if you try
Dialogue: 0,0:25:10.99,0:25:15.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to bypass censorship, that was not going\Nto work. They also blocked Snowflake,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:15.80,0:25:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which we will talk about a little bit\Nlater. And they also blocked a bunch of
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.99,0:25:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor bridges in different internet\Nproviders. So, it depends on where you are
Dialogue: 0,0:25:27.74,0:25:33.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Russia, you can use Tor. But in other\Nplaces, that was going to be more
Dialogue: 0,0:25:33.89,0:25:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,complicated. And the only way to bypass\Nthe censorship at the time on December 1st
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.10,0:25:44.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was to use a bridge from\Nhttps://bridges.torproject.org or from our
Dialogue: 0,0:25:44.43,0:25:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,email. And so, we start to fight the\Ncensorship, we launched our Telegram bot
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.51,0:25:55.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can get a bridge and that the\Nbridges is not blocked in Russia. And we
Dialogue: 0,0:25:55.73,0:26:00.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tasked these bridges on all of these\Npoints on Russia to see if they are
Dialogue: 0,0:26:00.04,0:26:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blocked, if they are blocked we ask for\Nrelay operator to hold that IP address.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:05.12,0:26:10.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, Tor Bridges are working, and we are\Nchecking if they are checking in,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:10.52,0:26:17.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,recording if they are working. That are\Ncommunity also fought back and that our
Dialogue: 0,0:26:17.56,0:26:23.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,committee spin up like more than 400 new\NTor bridges in just a few days. I mean, we
Dialogue: 0,0:26:23.86,0:26:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have amazing volunteers translating Tor\Nuser support guides in Russian, and doing
Dialogue: 0,0:26:32.01,0:26:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the first block on December 1st. The\Nanti-censorship thing also provide a fix
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.67,0:26:45.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for snowflake, and just fix what's\Navailable on Tor browser, the last
Dialogue: 0,0:26:45.30,0:26:51.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,release. So, you can see onto the graph\Nthat Snowflake was around like less than
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.52,0:26:59.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,2000 users, but after December, you can\Nsee it take a while, but then such
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.04,0:27:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,increase the number of snowflake users,\Nbasically because of Russia. And you can
Dialogue: 0,0:27:04.86,0:27:12.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,see just a graph here. There's a decrease\Nhere, is because the server crashed after
Dialogue: 0,0:27:12.73,0:27:19.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,too many users. So, we fixed the server,\Nand we start to get more users. So, if you
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.06,0:27:24.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to help people inside this country,\Nyou can run a Tor bridge, or you can run a
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.44,0:27:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,snowflake proxy and that that will be very\Nhelpful for Tor users in Russia. And a new
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.42,0:27:38.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,update, during Christmas, we also had a\Nnew round of censorship in Russia. More
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.28,0:27:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bridges were blocked between December 23\Nand 24. We are going to reach out to relay
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.51,0:27:51.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,operators, and we are going to contact\Nthem and say, OK, you need to rotate your
Dialogue: 0,0:27:51.36,0:27:56.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,IP address if you want to get back in the\Ngame and fight censorship. And we are
Dialogue: 0,0:27:56.56,0:28:02.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to do that and just (check) if\Nsnowflake is working fine, and we have
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.91,0:28:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,been working with doing the other support\Nwith Russian users. And we already
Dialogue: 0,0:28:09.55,0:28:16.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,answered more than 1300 Help requests\Nsince December 1st. Just for comparison,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:16.13,0:28:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we resolved 1400 support tickets between\NJanuary and November. So, in one month, we
Dialogue: 0,0:28:24.48,0:28:32.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,already have more user support request\Nfrom Russia than, you know, in 12 months,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.11,0:28:39.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,basically. So, uh, so I will do a call\Nhere for the international community to
Dialogue: 0,0:28:39.84,0:28:45.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spin up a Tor bridge or run a snowflake\Nproxy. If you can't, if you cannot run a
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.66,0:28:51.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bridge, you can donate to relay\Nassociations. If you cannot donate, you
Dialogue: 0,0:28:51.69,0:28:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can help and teach our users about Tor\Nbridges. Or you can help localize Tor in
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.14,0:29:03.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Russian. Or you can do. We can apply\Npressure like if you are part of a digital
Dialogue: 0,0:29:03.59,0:29:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rights organization or your organization\Nand help us to make pressure on the
Dialogue: 0,0:29:08.73,0:29:15.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Russian government. And stand up and start\N(a directory) like Edward Snowden did and
Dialogue: 0,0:29:15.53,0:29:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,publish messages calling the Russian\Ngovernment to stop blocking Tor. How to
Dialogue: 0,0:29:22.14,0:29:29.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get involved. We are available on our IRC\Nand Matrix channels. You can join us, our
Dialogue: 0,0:29:29.28,0:29:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mailing list. They are public and you can\Nsee what we are talking, and you can help.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:35.38,0:29:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can also join the Tor Forum and you\Ncan contribute on GitLab. And for next
Dialogue: 0,0:29:41.48,0:29:46.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year, we are going to improve. We are\Ngoing to continue to improve our user
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.41,0:29:52.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,support tools for users living in censored\Ncountries or regions. So one of our ideas
Dialogue: 0,0:29:52.29,0:29:59.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to provide a Telegram chat channel, so\Nusers can communicate and have and get
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.46,0:30:04.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,user support on Telegram. We are going to\Ncontinue to develop the Tor relay
Dialogue: 0,0:30:04.32,0:30:10.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gamification project, and continue to\Norganize our trainings in the global
Dialogue: 0,0:30:10.13,0:30:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,south, in Latin America and Africa, and\Norganize relay operators meetups. Today we
Dialogue: 0,0:30:16.12,0:30:24.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are going to have our relay operator meet-\Nup at 10:00 p.m. German time. And the link
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.22,0:30:28.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can find on the Tor relay mailing\Nlist. And also, if you search on Twitter,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:28.19,0:30:37.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on social media, you can also find that,\Num. And today we just covered some topics
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.26,0:30:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the state of the onion. One month\Nago, we did a huge presentation like two
Dialogue: 0,0:30:43.72,0:30:50.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a half hours about anti-censorship\Nfrom the rising UX SysAdmin team and many
Dialogue: 0,0:30:50.44,0:30:57.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other updates about Arti, about virtual or\Nnon deprecation and many other topics. And
Dialogue: 0,0:30:57.72,0:31:04.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can watch that on YouTube. So, I think\Nthat's it from my side, and we are open
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.40,0:31:07.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for more questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:07.100,0:31:12.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Thank you so much, guys. Like\Nobviously, Tor is a really important
Dialogue: 0,0:31:12.10,0:31:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project and that's honestly great to see\Nhow dedicated you are to basically helping
Dialogue: 0,0:31:16.100,0:31:21.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone. I was actually. Now we're going\Nto go on to the question, and I was
Dialogue: 0,0:31:21.52,0:31:26.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually wondering something myself before\Nwe head over to taking the ones coming in
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.72,0:31:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the internet. Basically, I as far as\NI understand like when you working with
Dialogue: 0,0:31:32.07,0:31:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bridges and making sure to like, avoid\Nthis censorship and everything like as far
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.24,0:31:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as I understand, an important tool in this\Nprocess are the meek-bridges where you use
Dialogue: 0,0:31:41.00,0:31:46.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,huge cloud providers to basically mask\Ntraffic to Tor. It's like regular HTTPS
Dialogue: 0,0:31:46.25,0:31:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,website traffic. Does that not work in the\Ncase of Russia or like what does the
Dialogue: 0,0:31:51.71,0:31:57.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,attack threat situation look like at the\Nmoment? And that's the landscape.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:57.42,0:32:04.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gus: I can answer in two parts. The first\Npart is that some cloud providers, they
Dialogue: 0,0:32:04.67,0:32:12.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't like domain fronting. And so, Amazon\Nand others, they change their policy, and
Dialogue: 0,0:32:12.47,0:32:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they start to block, well, not just block,\Nbut to remove projects that were using
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.83,0:32:29.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,domain fronting. So, the only cloud\Nprovider that allows Tor or allow Tor to
Dialogue: 0,0:32:29.93,0:32:38.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do that was Azure, and we had to limit the\Nbandwidth on that. So if you use meek-
Dialogue: 0,0:32:38.92,0:32:45.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Azure on Tor browser, it's going to be\Nvery slow. And one thing that we saw, just
Dialogue: 0,0:32:45.67,0:32:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the first part, like the providers,\Nthey don't like that they were enforcing
Dialogue: 0,0:32:51.86,0:32:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us to stalk, or we will remove just\Nsupport. The other thing is that the bill,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:59.16,0:33:06.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like the cost of running a meek-Azure\Nbridge or a meek-Amazon bridge, but it
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.57,0:33:15.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was too high and too costly. So,\Nsnowflake is the next step here because it
Dialogue: 0,0:33:15.44,0:33:25.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses domain fronting to connect you to a\NTor proxy. It's not like proxy, and the
Dialogue: 0,0:33:25.65,0:33:35.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cost will be like very cheap. So, you can\Nget the benefit of domain fronting, and
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.44,0:33:42.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can use a lot of proxies to connect\NTor users. And that will not cost a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.89,0:33:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,money for the Tor project or for Tor\Nusers. So, that is the way to go here is
Dialogue: 0,0:33:48.83,0:33:55.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not to look back, but look forward.{\i1}Laugh{\i0}\NHerald: It sounds so cool. Like obviously
Dialogue: 0,0:33:55.56,0:34:01.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it seems that this was very important and\Nactually hearing like some of the problems
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.06,0:34:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you guys are facing in your fight, I\Nthink that's very interesting for all of
Dialogue: 0,0:34:05.23,0:34:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,us. So questions from the audience. The\Nfirst one is that the apps that you're
Dialogue: 0,0:34:12.33,0:34:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,making like the question is, whether they\Nwould make you identifiable. So basically,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.75,0:34:22.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if exactly those five apps are always\Ncalling home over the same Tor nodes, the
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.52,0:34:28.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,question is if that if someone could link\Nthat back to you?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.52,0:34:33.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: Hmm. Do you want to talk about this\NGus? Or should I?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:33.84,0:34:38.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gus: Go ahead.\NGeorg: Yeah, I think this should not be
Dialogue: 0,0:34:38.89,0:34:48.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the case. I mean, depending on what kind\Nof apps you have, how they are configured
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.78,0:34:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and such and potential, you know, timing\Nsignatures and stuff. So, that's one of
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.77,0:35:01.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the things we're concerned, for instance,\Nwith Tor browser and trying to really make
Dialogue: 0,0:35:01.96,0:35:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure to break this up in the sense that\Nfolks can't learn anything about those
Dialogue: 0,0:35:09.14,0:35:16.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,patterns you have. It's hard, in\Nparticular, if adversaries can monitor,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.95,0:35:25.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you know, exit nodes or endpoints over a\Nlong period of time. But generally, you
Dialogue: 0,0:35:25.35,0:35:30.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should be protected from this kind of\Nthreat.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:30.06,0:35:39.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Right. That makes sense. So, the\Nnext question is that if they understand
Dialogue: 0,0:35:39.44,0:35:43.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,correctly, the Tor organization is\Nregistered in the United States, could the
Dialogue: 0,0:35:43.68,0:35:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,project be in danger of any government\Npressure to be discontinued, And have you
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.60,0:35:57.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,guys have a plan to move to more neutral\Ncountries like Switzerland or similar?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.64,0:36:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Gus: So from my point of view, I don't\Nthink we suffer any pressure right now
Dialogue: 0,0:36:10.80,0:36:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from US government. So, I think. Would\Nwhat would you be interested? Well, one
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.12,0:36:24.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thing that is important is one thing is\Nthat the Tor project and the other thing
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.24,0:36:30.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the Tor network. The Tor Network is,...\Nwe have directed authorities in different
Dialogue: 0,0:36:30.88,0:36:38.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,countries and that just to avoid this kind\Nof government pressure against the Tor
Dialogue: 0,0:36:38.40,0:36:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,network. So, I think the question would be\Nmore like finding different ways to fund,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:49.40,0:36:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,..., make Tor sustainable, not just. Like\Ndiversifying our funds, so we don't be so
Dialogue: 0,0:36:59.39,0:37:07.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,connected with a government, are one\Nsource provider of resource. I think just
Dialogue: 0,0:37:07.30,0:37:15.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's happening right now. Isabella, the\Nexecutive director, has changing a lot of
Dialogue: 0,0:37:15.60,0:37:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our money income. And if you look back in\Nthe Tor history, US government was adding
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.20,0:37:31.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a lot of money through to the TOR project\Nin different by different ways, you know,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.72,0:37:38.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a human rights projects and internet\Nfreedom projects. And just was basically
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.76,0:37:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how Tor is and was funded by U.S.\Ngovernment, but not just U.S. government,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.85,0:37:50.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,other governments like Swedish government \Ntoo. So, I think I would be more concerned
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.30,0:37:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the Tor directed authorities being\Nin just one country, and that's not true.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:57.76,0:38:04.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are in different countries and they so\Nfar I don't I never heard any kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:38:04.39,0:38:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,pressure from the U.S. government against\Nthe nonprofit, call it the Tor project.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:11.80,0:38:15.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I think that it's basically, my answer\Nhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:15.55,0:38:21.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: That's good to hear. And now on to\Nmaybe a little bit lighter question, do
Dialogue: 0,0:38:21.74,0:38:29.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tor browser users have any chance or hope\Nto see less captchas in the future?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:29.31,0:38:36.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: Yeah. Yeah. I think we do have some\Nhope, there is, ... I mean, not just only
Dialogue: 0,0:38:36.72,0:38:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hope. But we have work ongoing solving\Nthis from different angles. The first one
Dialogue: 0,0:38:45.52,0:38:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is outreach to major providers trying to\Nunderstand why they are blocking Tor or
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.04,0:38:58.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why they provide, captchas and working\Nwith them to come up with solutions, which
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.16,0:39:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not only deployable by them, but by\Nthe wider industry. So, there is a
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.28,0:39:12.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,knowledge gap here and then trying to,\N..., based on that, trying to figure out
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.64,0:39:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how we can solve this problem. And that's\Nnot only from , you know, policy angle,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:19.36,0:39:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we plan to look into technical means\Nas well. For instance. There's the idea of
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.24,0:39:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,providing tokens to Tor users, so\Nthey can, which they can spend anonymously
Dialogue: 0,0:39:36.32,0:39:42.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at websites, for instance, and the\Nwebsites can look for that and try to
Dialogue: 0,0:39:43.52,0:39:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,regulate the traffic, keeping the noisy\Nbots out while providing good service to
Dialogue: 0,0:39:49.84,0:39:58.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our users providing such a token. That's\Nanother thing that won't be solved next
Dialogue: 0,0:39:58.16,0:40:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,year. It's a multi-year project, too. We\Nare a small organization, so there has to
Dialogue: 0,0:40:04.08,0:40:11.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be some kind of prioritization. But that's\Ndefinitely on our radar and a serious
Dialogue: 0,0:40:11.36,0:40:16.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problem for us. So, we should fix this.\NHerald: Sounds like great initiatives and
Dialogue: 0,0:40:16.72,0:40:22.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,also like that going some of the way in\Norder to some extent legitimize the use of
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.32,0:40:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Tor browser. Maybe not as much in\Ncommon society, but also when actually
Dialogue: 0,0:40:26.32,0:40:28.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,visiting different websites.\NGeorg: Yeah, exactly.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.72,0:40:36.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Herald: Nice. Next up is whether you guys\Nare planning to figure out some kind of
Dialogue: 0,0:40:36.32,0:40:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,solutions for firewalls, for instance, the\Ncorporate ones that are slowing traffic
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.64,0:40:55.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,down.\NGeorg: I know, Gus, do you. Do you have
Dialogue: 0,0:40:55.36,0:41:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some, you know, queries or complaints from\Nusers for this particular issue? I'm not
Dialogue: 0,0:41:01.76,0:41:11.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sure about that.\NGus: Yeah, I and. I just want to be a very
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.61,0:41:15.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,specific question, I ....\NHerald: It's also very fair to just say
Dialogue: 0,0:41:15.84,0:41:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it's not a problem that you've heard\Na lot of complaints about,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:19.76,0:41:23.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: Right.\NGus: Yeah, sure, that's true. We I didn't
Dialogue: 0,0:41:23.68,0:41:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hear about that. Like the captacha one is\Na popular one, but I never heard.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:29.57,0:41:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: I think they're a bunch of larger\Nthings to fry here, there. It's not really
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.07,0:41:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in our not even our top 10. So there.\NHerald: Right? I guess it can also be very
Dialogue: 0,0:41:43.80,0:41:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hard for you guys to like, work with\Nfiguring out how to prioritize all the
Dialogue: 0,0:41:48.00,0:41:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,different initiatives and wishes that that\Npeople have.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.24,0:42:01.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Georg: Yeah, definitely.\NHerald: Cool. So unfortunately, we don't
Dialogue: 0,0:42:01.57,0:42:07.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have time for any more questions right\Nnow, but there is a break-out room that
Dialogue: 0,0:42:07.08,0:42:13.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people can come to, and you will answer\Nany further questions. For now, we are
Dialogue: 0,0:42:13.00,0:42:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to have a break on this channel\Nbefore the next talk that's going on at
Dialogue: 0,0:42:18.52,0:42:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20:00, which is (in German) "Cookiebanner,\Ndas Online-Werbe-Ökosystem und Google,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:23.62,0:42:31.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Preisträger BigBrotherAwards 2021" For\Nnow, thank you very much, guys. Take care
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.03,0:42:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe we'll see you in the break-out\Nroom.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.69,0:42:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,{\i1}postroll music{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:42:47.98,0:42:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Subtitles created by c3subtitles.de\Nin the year 2021. Join, and help us!