[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.09,0:00:04.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(bell tolling)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:09.00,0:00:10.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Niccolo Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.69,0:00:13.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,16th-century Italian diplomat,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.31,0:00:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,political thinker, arch-baddie.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.80,0:00:18.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His name conjures up everything
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.70,0:00:21.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's sly about human behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.93,0:00:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, we have an image of\Nwhat the Machiavellian is.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.16,0:00:26.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, the word is in our\Ndictionaries, he is an adjective.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.91,0:00:31.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Man] "Machiavellian:\Nastute, cunning, intriguing."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.09,0:00:33.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Controlling, powerful.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.57,0:00:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Sinister, underhand.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.70,0:00:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Devious, scheming.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.32,0:00:38.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Cunning, subtle.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.14,0:00:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Nefarious, manipulative
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.10,0:00:45.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to a degree, cruel.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.16,0:00:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Peter Mandelson regularly\Ngets described as Machiavellian,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.67,0:00:52.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was regularly described\Nas Machiavellian.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.60,0:00:55.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] And it's all\Nbecause of this: The Prince,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.75,0:00:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written 500 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.59,0:01:01.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's about power, how to\Nget it and how to keep it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.78,0:01:04.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "It can be said of men\Nthat they are ungrateful,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.22,0:01:06.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"fickle liars and deceivers.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.08,0:01:09.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"They shun danger and\Nare greedy for profit.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.36,0:01:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Therefore, it is necessary for a ruler
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.66,0:01:13.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"who wishes to maintain his position
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.81,0:01:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to learn how to be able not to be good."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.64,0:01:21.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Machiavelli\Nwrote The Prince in 1513.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.85,0:01:25.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was shocking then\Nand it's shocking now.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.01,0:01:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's almost as if his\Nname, itself, machi-evil,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.57,0:01:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it just lends itself to\Na form of demonization.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.82,0:01:34.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "Chapter 17, of cruelty and mercy,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.37,0:01:37.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and whether it is better\Nto be loved than feared.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.72,0:01:39.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Or the contrary."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.30,0:01:40.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- There is absolutely nobody in history
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.94,0:01:44.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who's had more influence on\Nmodern affairs, on politics,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.82,0:01:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than Niccolo Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.59,0:01:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] So what are we to\Nmake of The Prince on this,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.48,0:01:51.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,its 500th anniversary?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.88,0:01:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How useful and relevant is it today?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.81,0:01:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- One of the most important\Nbooks ever written
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.04,0:02:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a really useful how-to\Nguide for contemporary reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.39,0:02:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Was Machiavelli right?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.90,0:02:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Should we all learn how not to be good?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.72,0:02:09.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it better to be feared than loved?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.11,0:02:12.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And who are the\N21st-century Machiavellians?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:13.82,0:02:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(dramatic music)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.21,0:02:24.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(birds chirping)\N(wings fluttering)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.84,0:02:29.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(ominous music)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.89,0:02:35.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, we're not in Florence.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.65,0:02:39.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're 10 miles south of\NFlorence in San Casciano.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.35,0:02:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was Machiavelli's\Ncountry house in the 1500s
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.61,0:02:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm here for a guided tour.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.66,0:02:46.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(knocking)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.50,0:02:53.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(speaking in foreign language)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.89,0:02:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where he wrote The Prince?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.27,0:02:56.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Si, exactly.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.88,0:02:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] And what is this?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.74,0:02:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- That is his coat of arms.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.66,0:03:01.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,His family's coat of arm.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.45,0:03:03.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The cross and the nails.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.18,0:03:04.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] The cross and the nails.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.21,0:03:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Lucia] Mmm-hmm.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.10,0:03:06.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.02,0:03:07.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] What does that mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.48,0:03:11.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It refers back to his name, Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.70,0:03:15.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so related with the cross\Nand the nails of Christ.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:18.68,0:03:21.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Not a bad coat\Nof arms for a man who,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.02,0:03:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for centuries, was\Nknown as the Antichrist.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.74,0:03:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the cross and nails\Nmight just as well stand
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.81,0:03:30.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the violent times\NMachiavelli lived through.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.19,0:03:34.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Florence was a city-state,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.41,0:03:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,occupying and controlling\Nonly a very small portion
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.58,0:03:39.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of a very chaotic Italy,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.47,0:03:43.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,surrounded by other city-states\Nthat were allies on Tuesday,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.39,0:03:46.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enemies on Wednesday and then\Nallies again on Thursday.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.82,0:03:49.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The situation was constantly changing.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.47,0:03:50.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was very treacherous,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.61,0:03:52.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you didn't know who your friends were
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.12,0:03:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you couldn't trust anyone,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.88,0:03:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they had to be clever.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.66,0:04:00.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Before he wrote The Prince,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.28,0:04:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli worked here at the\NPalazzio Vecchio in Florence.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.26,0:04:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The old regime, run by the\NMedici, had just been deposed.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.35,0:04:11.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A new regime was in charge\Nand Machiavelli served them
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.48,0:04:13.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a high-flying diplomat.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.58,0:04:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Machiavelli found himself at the center
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.29,0:04:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of all the diplomatic and political
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.98,0:04:21.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,negotiations within that period.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.97,0:04:24.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it was his ability\Nas a political analyst
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.29,0:04:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that enabled him to advance.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.36,0:04:29.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] But just when things were going
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.55,0:04:31.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so well for Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.27,0:04:33.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Medici returned to power
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.20,0:04:35.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and events took a dramatic turn,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.88,0:04:38.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,events that would ultimately lead
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.01,0:04:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the writing of The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.31,0:04:45.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He was falsely accused\Nin February of 1513
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.16,0:04:47.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of taking part in an\Nanti-Medician conspiracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.98,0:04:49.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he's horribly tortured.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.81,0:04:52.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then he's thrown into prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.59,0:04:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] There aren't many documents
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.84,0:04:59.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,relating to Machiavelli at this time.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.37,0:05:02.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this year British\Nhistorian Stephen Milner
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.27,0:05:05.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discovered one of the\Nmost important of all.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.32,0:05:08.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was researching Florentine town criers
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.12,0:05:12.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he stumbled across\NMachiavelli's arrest warrant.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.14,0:05:16.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Florence was an incredible\Nplace for collecting documents,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.26,0:05:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,partly because they\Ndidn't trust each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.07,0:05:20.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They were, where are we?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.55,0:05:21.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There we go.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.38,0:05:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Oh, there we go.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.83,0:05:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, this is it? You just happened to...
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.72,0:05:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I ordered this particular volume,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.02,0:05:30.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this was the one that contained
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.10,0:05:32.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the original proclamation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.41,0:05:35.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was carried through the\Ncity by the town crier,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.99,0:05:38.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that, they actually\Nwould have read and held
Dialogue: 0,0:05:38.51,0:05:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whilst on horseback\Nthrough the various places
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.21,0:05:45.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where these proclamations were made.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.84,0:05:47.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see there's a\Nlittle hole in the middle
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.17,0:05:50.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they put them on a\Nspike for record-keeping.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.21,0:05:53.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here we see Niccolo di\Nme se Bernardo Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.64,0:05:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So, what is the arrest for?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:55.34,0:05:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The proclamation is asking,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.09,0:05:59.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a notice asking for the\Nwhereabouts of Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.55,0:06:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and for people to come\Nforward with information.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.76,0:06:04.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It actually says within the hour,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.10,0:06:06.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(speaking in foreign language)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.54,0:06:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which gives you some idea of the urgency
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.38,0:06:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that lay behind his arrest.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.18,0:06:12.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it says, "If they are not informed,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.27,0:06:14.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"they will not be excused."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.61,0:06:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there were no excuses\Nfor not notifying.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.98,0:06:18.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Tough stuff. (chuckles)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.25,0:06:22.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It is a kind of most-wanted\Nproclamation, if you like.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.01,0:06:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think working in the\Narchives in Florence,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.74,0:06:26.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's kind of a drug, in a\Nsense, of archive fever.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.60,0:06:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You never know when you turn a page
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.30,0:06:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you're going to bump into.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.31,0:06:33.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lovely proverb\Nfrom the Renaissance
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.63,0:06:34.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,period that says,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.81,0:06:36.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(speaking in foreign language)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.97,0:06:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Get it in writing, you\Ncan't trust anybody."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.70,0:06:41.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's almost a kind of mantra for
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.57,0:06:44.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli's own writing, I think.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.82,0:06:50.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, here we are in the Bargello,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.35,0:06:52.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is the Florentine\Npolice headquarters,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.80,0:06:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this is where Machiavelli was brought
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.04,0:06:57.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shortly after he was arrested.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.62,0:07:01.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He claimed that he was tortured,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.10,0:07:03.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he was actually\Nput on a form of rack,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.37,0:07:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he went three notches\Non the rack without cracking.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.70,0:07:09.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there's absolutely no evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.86,0:07:13.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that he was involved in this conspiracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:16.61,0:07:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- But he has a stroke\Nof good fortune as well,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.92,0:07:21.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is, the next month,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.50,0:07:23.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Pope Julius dies
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.78,0:07:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the Medici acquire the papacy, Leo X.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.75,0:07:32.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he declares great rejoicings\Nin the city and an amnesty,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.68,0:07:35.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and so Machiavelli is freed.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.44,0:07:39.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Stephen] But he was in\Neffect banned from the city,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.14,0:07:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was sent out to his farmhouse
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.08,0:07:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and kept under house arrest.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.98,0:07:44.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rather like being on probation,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.26,0:07:47.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he had to remain within a\Ncertain distance of the city
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.21,0:07:48.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's where, in his\Nstudy, he began to write
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.75,0:07:51.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we now know as The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.87,0:07:54.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And here he is.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:58.94,0:08:01.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "Those who wish to win\Nthe favor of a prince
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.20,0:08:02.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"will generally approach him
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.87,0:08:05.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"with gifts they believe\Nwill most delight him.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.15,0:08:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Hence we see princes\Nbeing offered horses, arms,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.73,0:08:12.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"vestments of gold and\Nsimilar accoutrements.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.07,0:08:14.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I have found among my possessions
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.62,0:08:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"nothing I value higher
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.71,0:08:21.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"than my knowledge of\Nthe deeds of great men."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.23,0:08:22.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] This is how Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.50,0:08:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,begins The Prince in 1513,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.22,0:08:27.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a dedication to\NLorenzo the Magnificent,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.96,0:08:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the young Medici ruler.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.15,0:08:34.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a blatant attempt to\Nsuck up to the new regime.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.18,0:08:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You need me, he's saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.69,0:08:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I know the secrets of power.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.72,0:08:43.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The book is in essence a job application.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.79,0:08:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We have here The Prince manuscript.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.32,0:08:50.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you see, it is beautifully illuminated
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.40,0:08:52.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's datable about 1520s,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.98,0:08:58.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's in the hand of the\Nclosest friend of Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.33,0:08:59.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Biagio Buonaccorsi.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.78,0:09:05.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's one of the most eldest\Ncopy absolutely ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.31,0:09:07.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And, as you see here,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.05,0:09:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Niccolo Machiavelli addresses the book
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.51,0:09:13.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to Lorenzo The Magnificent
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.36,0:09:15.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and here you have no title.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:16.48,0:09:18.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, the book is without title.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:20.40,0:09:24.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Prince is the title\Nthe editors gave the book
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.31,0:09:26.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the book was actually published,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:26.66,0:09:29.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five years after the death of Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.45,0:09:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is another fascinating\Ndetail of this book.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.87,0:09:36.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] So, The Prince wasn't actually
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.24,0:09:37.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called The Prince
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.87,0:09:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there are more surprises, too.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.07,0:09:43.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, the first thing you\Nnotice if you pick up The Prince
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.04,0:09:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it's an extremely short book,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.19,0:09:47.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it runs to only 90 pages.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.30,0:09:50.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a book really about two things.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.04,0:09:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One is how to gain power,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.26,0:09:53.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's what the first\Nhalf of the book is about,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.35,0:09:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the rest of the book
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.82,0:09:57.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the real interest for Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:09:57.44,0:09:58.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of why he wrote it is
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.59,0:10:02.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how do you hold on to\Npower once you've got it?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.15,0:10:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "I find it more fitting to\Nseek the truth of the matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:04.45,0:10:06.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"rather than imaginary conceptions,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.73,0:10:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"because how one lives
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.35,0:10:11.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and how one ought to\Nlive are so far apart
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.13,0:10:14.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"that a ruler who persists in\Ndoing what ought to be done
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.84,0:10:17.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"will undermine his power."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.71,0:10:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He says, "I'm trying to\Nwrite something useful, utile,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.21,0:10:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and so what I say in this\Nbook departs massively,"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.26,0:10:27.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the Italian says massima,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.86,0:10:30.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"it departs massively from\Nwhat anyone has ever written
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.55,0:10:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"on this subject."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.98,0:10:34.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he knows that it's\Na revolutionary book.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.65,0:10:38.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The intent of the\Nbook was to be a guide,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.54,0:10:43.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a kind of handbook for\Npolitically ambitious leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.32,0:10:46.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can play the game for good\Nor you can play it for ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.66,0:10:50.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Machiavelli, it's more\Nimportant to play the game well
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.00,0:10:54.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than to be morally good.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.26,0:10:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Chapter 18, Of the Need for\NPrinces to Keep Their Word.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.54,0:11:00.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Everybody knows how\Ncommendable it is for a ruler
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.85,0:11:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to keep his word and live by integrity
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.13,0:11:04.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"rather than by cunning,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.86,0:11:07.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and yet experience shows us
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.70,0:11:10.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"that rulers with little\Nregard for their word
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.43,0:11:13.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"have achieved great things,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.35,0:11:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"being expert at beguiling men's minds."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.67,0:11:19.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The first generation\Nwho opened this book,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:19.75,0:11:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they came to chapter 18 and read it,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.61,0:11:24.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would have been astounded by this.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.11,0:11:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Roman law, there is a maxim which says
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.59,0:11:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good faith must always be kept.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:29.52,0:11:30.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You must always keep your promises.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.78,0:11:33.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(speaking in foreign language)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:33.14,0:11:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that chapter was, I think,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.18,0:11:38.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the one that gave it its\Nmost sinister reputation.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.90,0:11:41.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "A prince must be a\Nfox to spot the snares
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.75,0:11:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and a lion to overwhelm the wolves.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.66,0:11:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Those who rely merely\Nupon the lion's strength
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.90,0:11:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"do not understand this.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:48.65,0:11:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Therefore, a prudent\Nruler cannot keep his word,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.24,0:11:53.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"nor should he,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.48,0:11:56.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"when it would be to his\Ndisadvantage to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:56.19,0:11:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"If all men were good,\Nthis rule would not stand.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.01,0:12:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"But as men are wicked
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.03,0:12:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and not prepared to\Nkeep their word to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.13,0:12:06.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"you have no need to\Nkeep your word to them."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.77,0:12:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He knew very well the\Nnature of human beings
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.45,0:12:13.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they behave or not behave.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.62,0:12:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So he is a man who is used\Nto being in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.92,0:12:22.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "Those best able to imitate\Nthe fox have succeeded best.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.30,0:12:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"But foxiness should be well concealed.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:25.50,0:12:29.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"One must be a great\Nfeigner and dissembler.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.13,0:12:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"A deceiver will always find someone
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.42,0:12:34.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"willing to be deceived."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.08,0:12:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What's interesting about the book,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.56,0:12:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a bit like it says,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.23,0:12:42.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"We've inherited an\Nidea about human nature
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.05,0:12:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"from Christianity and\Nclassical humanism."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.49,0:12:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this idea of human nature\Nis encouraging us to be good.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.16,0:12:51.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what Machiavelli is saying is,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.31,0:12:53.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what about if we thought\Ndifferently about this?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.56,0:12:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about if we thought\Nthat vices and virtues
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.53,0:13:00.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were things you could use to survive?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.40,0:13:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "If a ruler who wants\Nalways to act honorably
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.60,0:13:04.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"is surrounded by many unscrupulous men,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.98,0:13:07.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"his downfall is inevitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.69,0:13:08.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Therefore, it is necessary
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.90,0:13:11.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"for a ruler who wishes\Nto maintain his position
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.40,0:13:14.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to learn how to be able not to be good."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:16.57,0:13:19.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- To any Christian reader\Nof Machiavelli at the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:19.24,0:13:20.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're going to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.64,0:13:22.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you're forgetting the Day of Judgment.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.56,0:13:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the Day of Judgment, all\Nyour sins will be revealed
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.44,0:13:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you will very much\Nwish that you hadn't
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.07,0:13:28.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behaved like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:28.30,0:13:31.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, Machiavelli pays\Nno attention to that.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.80,0:13:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a huge silence in the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.42,0:13:37.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's just not there as a consideration.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.57,0:13:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The book is predicated on the assumption
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.82,0:13:42.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the idea that your\Nsins will find you out
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.54,0:13:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a childish superstition,\Nthey will not find you out.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.49,0:13:50.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Machiavelli is saying\Nsomething very simply, which is,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.53,0:13:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these are wonderful pictures,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.99,0:13:53.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they've got nothing\Nto do with reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:53.71,0:13:55.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not as though if you're\Ngood, you'll be rewarded,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.60,0:13:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not a deal.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:56.76,0:13:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, it doesn't matter\Nwhether you're good or bad
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.76,0:14:01.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of, it doesn't predict anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.08,0:14:04.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what Machiavelli is saying\Nin contemporary language is,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.25,0:14:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to get real.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:14.30,0:14:16.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] This is Jonathan Powell.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.39,0:14:19.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He used to be Tony Blair's Chief of Staff.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:19.48,0:14:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, he's written a memoir
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.88,0:14:22.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called The New Machiavelli:
Dialogue: 0,0:14:22.99,0:14:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How To Wield Power In The Modern World.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:26.89,0:14:29.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "The choice of advisers is\Nvery important for a prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.62,0:14:31.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"One can assess their\Nprince's intelligence
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.61,0:14:35.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"by looking at the men with\Nwhom he surrounds himself."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.54,0:14:36.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So I'm kind of asking myself
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.89,0:14:41.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why you called your book\NThe New Machiavelli?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:41.37,0:14:42.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, what made you do that?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.60,0:14:43.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because a lot of people might have thought
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.87,0:14:45.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was a term of abuse.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.57,0:14:46.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, I wanted to write a book
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.85,0:14:48.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that was actually useful to people
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.49,0:14:49.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who were in government.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:49.46,0:14:51.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are an awful lot of books of theory,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.69,0:14:53.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,constitutional books,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.24,0:14:54.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of which are completely useless
Dialogue: 0,0:14:54.69,0:14:56.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they describe\Nthe way things should be,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.52,0:14:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than the way things are.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.10,0:15:01.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What's great about Machiavelli\Nis, he writes about reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.39,0:15:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He busts myths, he cuts\Nthrough all of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.77,0:15:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The word "Machiavellian"\Nwas used 358 times
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.77,0:15:12.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the newspapers in the first\Nyear of Tony Blair's reign.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.99,0:15:15.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somewhere in there, there's a connection.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.92,0:15:18.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are quite a lot of\Nfactors about Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.27,0:15:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which are ones that many\Npoliticians would not
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.62,0:15:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to own up to.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.06,0:15:24.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For instance, chapter 15,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.48,0:15:26.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It is necessary for a prince who wishes
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.31,0:15:28.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to maintain his position
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.03,0:15:31.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to learn how to be able not to be good."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:32.41,0:15:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Machiavelli was saying not that princes
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.96,0:15:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,should go around being evil,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.04,0:15:38.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what he was saying is,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.03,0:15:39.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to check your\Npersonal morality at the door
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.100,0:15:41.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you become a leader.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.40,0:15:44.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Personal morality is all\Nvery well as an individual,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.77,0:15:46.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you are thinking about the greater
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.09,0:15:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,good of the community,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.06,0:15:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sometimes you'll have to do things
Dialogue: 0,0:15:48.42,0:15:50.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are not good as an individual,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:50.22,0:15:52.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but are good for society as a whole.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.06,0:15:55.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "A prince must therefore\Nbe a fox to spot the snares
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.74,0:15:58.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and a lion to overwhelm the wolves."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.66,0:16:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This is one of Machiavelli's\Nmost interesting lessons.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.53,0:16:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You must be a lion, a courageous person,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.34,0:16:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you also had to be a fox
Dialogue: 0,0:16:03.43,0:16:06.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and have the intelligence\Nand the guile to avoid traps.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:06.52,0:16:08.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There was an example for Tony Blair
Dialogue: 0,0:16:08.17,0:16:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he was running in the 2005 election.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.98,0:16:14.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tony Blair decided he had to\Nmake a speech on immigration.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.03,0:16:15.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Newsreader] Tony Blair\Nsaid controls on immigration
Dialogue: 0,0:16:15.90,0:16:17.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,had already had a positive effect.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.92,0:16:19.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- When he finished, I said to him,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:19.49,0:16:21.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I noticed the teleprompter had gone wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:21.19,0:16:22.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because large parts of the speech,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.66,0:16:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you were looking down at your notes
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.74,0:16:24.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as opposed to looking at the camera.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:24.72,0:16:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What happened?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.82,0:16:27.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said, "There was nothing\Nwrong with the teleprompter,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.34,0:16:28.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"just certain bits of the speech
Dialogue: 0,0:16:28.48,0:16:29.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I didn't want shown on television,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:29.87,0:16:31.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"so I made sure I was looking at my notes,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:31.49,0:16:33.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"so those bits wouldn't be\Nused by television news."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.87,0:16:36.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was the fox bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.05,0:16:37.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Did Tony Blair\Never talk about The Prince?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:37.81,0:16:39.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did he ever read it, do you think?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.60,0:16:40.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I've no idea if he read it.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:40.58,0:16:41.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He certainly never talked about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.82,0:16:43.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think he might be slightly\Nhorrified to be thought of
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.44,0:16:47.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a Machiavellian leader,\Nbut I mean it as a compliment.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:50.40,0:16:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Robert Greene\Nhas also been bringing
Dialogue: 0,0:16:52.20,0:16:54.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Prince into the modern world.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.82,0:16:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He used to work in Hollywood.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:56.31,0:17:00.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, he writes bestsellers\Nlike The 48 Laws Of Power.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:01.97,0:17:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The traditional way\Nof looking at politics
Dialogue: 0,0:17:04.07,0:17:06.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is veiled with all of these concepts
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.42,0:17:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of what's good for the public,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:08.49,0:17:11.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of politicians' intentions,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.12,0:17:13.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of being altruistic and generous.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.98,0:17:17.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what Machiavelli did\Nis take all of that away.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.34,0:17:19.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at power as it is.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:19.72,0:17:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watch the moves of the various\Npeople on the chessboard.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.12,0:17:26.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, it's pure strategy and\Nit was absolutely brilliant,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.07,0:17:30.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's the first person to ever\Ncome up with that concept.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:30.66,0:17:32.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are different types\Nof political leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.96,0:17:37.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are the types who come\Ninto office with high ideals.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.39,0:17:40.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They want to change things,\Nthey want to reform.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.63,0:17:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They believe that they're doing something
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.28,0:17:43.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the good of the public
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.47,0:17:45.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then they realize very quickly
Dialogue: 0,0:17:45.59,0:17:48.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that politics is warfare.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:48.13,0:17:50.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they have to adapt to this environment
Dialogue: 0,0:17:50.12,0:17:51.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and leaders like that,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.39,0:17:53.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps Obama would\Nfit into that category,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:53.69,0:17:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can do very well if they're adaptable.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:56.02,0:17:58.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then you have other types\Nlike a Bill Clinton,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:58.13,0:17:59.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps a Tony Blair,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.39,0:18:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if you're Angela Merkel,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:01.84,0:18:04.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,these are more political\Nanimals by nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.77,0:18:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are very Machiavellian,\Nit's in their DNA.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:07.52,0:18:09.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They don't need to read The Prince,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.79,0:18:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they understand how the\Nlaws of power operate.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.72,0:18:14.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you are in a position of power,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.76,0:18:16.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to play a game.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.68,0:18:18.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The dynamic doesn't matter,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.36,0:18:21.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it's a dictatorship\Nor a democracy.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.14,0:18:25.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What The Prince is, in a sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:25.36,0:18:29.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a portrayal of the\Nattributes and qualities
Dialogue: 0,0:18:29.98,0:18:32.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you need to take\Nthe power that you have
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.29,0:18:34.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and develop that power in a\Nway that is most useful to you
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.71,0:18:36.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what you are trying to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.25,0:18:40.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, that is the case\Ntoday for Barack Obama,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:41.68,0:18:44.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,today for Angela Merkel, David Cameron,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.66,0:18:45.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all the rest of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:45.64,0:18:48.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's partly what they're about,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:48.31,0:18:52.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we can be very squeamish\Nabout this, if we want,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.13,0:18:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the truth is, power is, it is a force.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:58.94,0:19:01.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Money is the McMansion in Sarasota
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.48,0:19:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that starts falling apart after 10 years.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.58,0:19:07.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Power is the old stone building\Nthat stands for centuries.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.31,0:19:12.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I cannot respect someone who\Ndoesn't see the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.90,0:19:14.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] The allure of\Npower is a big theme
Dialogue: 0,0:19:14.99,0:19:16.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in drama at the moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:16.94,0:19:19.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the hit series House of Cards,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:19.07,0:19:22.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kevin Spacey plays the\NMachiavellian senator,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.17,0:19:23.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Frank Underwood.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.33,0:19:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a remake of the earlier series
Dialogue: 0,0:19:27.36,0:19:30.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,starring Ian Richardson\Nas Francis Urquhart,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.23,0:19:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written by Margaret\NThatcher's Chief of Staff,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.28,0:19:34.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michael Dobbs.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.72,0:19:37.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- There's a dramatic thread that runs
Dialogue: 0,0:19:37.51,0:19:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all the way from Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.18,0:19:41.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through Richard III\Nthrough Francis Urquhart
Dialogue: 0,0:19:41.95,0:19:43.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Frank Underwood just talking to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.89,0:19:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,letting you in on the secrets of power.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:46.70,0:19:50.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think you could achieve\Nanything you wanted.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:50.29,0:19:53.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You might think that, Mattie,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:53.44,0:19:57.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm afraid I couldn't possibly comment.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:57.52,0:20:00.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And you think that this is wonderful,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.30,0:20:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're being trusted,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:01.28,0:20:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're being made a co-conspirator.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.88,0:20:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'm terribly sorry.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.74,0:20:10.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Thank you, Francis.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.69,0:20:13.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're a good man.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.35,0:20:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The Tory Party in\Nthe 1987-88 period when
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.44,0:20:24.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just before Margaret\NThatcher was pushed out,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.66,0:20:26.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was when I wrote House of Cards,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:26.23,0:20:28.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was like Florence under the Borgias.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:28.50,0:20:30.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, it was full of\Nconspiracy in dark corners
Dialogue: 0,0:20:30.92,0:20:32.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and people whispering wicked things.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:32.81,0:20:35.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it wasn't so much that
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.38,0:20:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I must write something\Nwhich is Machiavellian.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:38.10,0:20:41.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had, I think, lived though a time
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.48,0:20:43.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and was living though a time
Dialogue: 0,0:20:43.35,0:20:46.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I think Machiavelli\Nhimself would have recognized.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:46.77,0:20:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that this particular book of mine
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.39,0:20:50.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,goes back to my university days,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:50.84,0:20:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it's stayed with me ever since.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:52.44,0:20:55.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a wonderful book for dipping into.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:55.49,0:20:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's actually saying,\Nthis is the way you do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:57.86,0:20:59.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you could be the most principled
Dialogue: 0,0:20:59.49,0:21:01.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,politician on the earth,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:01.75,0:21:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but unless you get your fingers on power
Dialogue: 0,0:21:04.24,0:21:06.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and know how to pull the levers,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:06.64,0:21:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're wasting your time.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:09.82,0:21:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] For centuries, The\NPrince has been inspiring
Dialogue: 0,0:21:12.22,0:21:14.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the powerful and the tyrannical.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.65,0:21:15.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Napoleon read it.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:15.94,0:21:17.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So did Stalin.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.39,0:21:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He made notes in the margin.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.38,0:21:22.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mussolini even did his dissertation on it.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:22.48,0:21:24.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's always been the book of choice
Dialogue: 0,0:21:24.63,0:21:26.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for political operators.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:27.54,0:21:29.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's true that The\NPrince was the favorite
Dialogue: 0,0:21:29.58,0:21:31.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bedside reading of
Dialogue: 0,0:21:32.41,0:21:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Henry Kissinger and Nixon.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:35.64,0:21:37.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And for a good reason,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:37.32,0:21:40.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because they were hard-nosed\Npolitical realists.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:40.43,0:21:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And part of the fascination of The Prince
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.68,0:21:45.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it shows us what\Nthe world looks like
Dialogue: 0,0:21:45.98,0:21:48.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when the ethical dimensions have been
Dialogue: 0,0:21:48.67,0:21:50.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,removed from the picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.90,0:21:54.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think for someone like\NHenry Kissinger or Nixon,
Dialogue: 0,0:21:54.21,0:21:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there was a certain\Npleasure in reading a book
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.10,0:22:01.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that looked at the world\Nthe same way they did
Dialogue: 0,0:22:01.85,0:22:05.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the same way many other people do.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.98,0:22:09.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Machiavelli is perhaps\Nmost famous for the phrase
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.08,0:22:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"the end justifies the means."
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.66,0:22:13.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, he never said it.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:13.96,0:22:16.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he may as well have done.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:16.24,0:22:18.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The exact thought that's\Nthere in The Prince is,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.29,0:22:22.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"the action is accused and\Nthe outcome excuses it."
Dialogue: 0,0:22:22.19,0:22:24.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the Italian, it's very beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:24.35,0:22:26.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's accusata and scusata.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.53,0:22:28.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It accuses you, but it excuses you.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.99,0:22:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you are excused if the\Nmotivation for the action
Dialogue: 0,0:22:33.05,0:22:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the good of the state.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:34.79,0:22:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We have to do justice to Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:22:36.52,0:22:39.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's not a\Nmatter of personal career
Dialogue: 0,0:22:39.13,0:22:41.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or for just his own sake,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:41.23,0:22:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's also for a political purpose.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:44.24,0:22:47.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was really convinced that
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.00,0:22:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the stability of government in Florence
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.39,0:22:52.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was the most important thing to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:22:53.64,0:22:56.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For the sake of the common good,
Dialogue: 0,0:22:57.66,0:23:00.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to act in a bad manner.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:00.82,0:23:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just sometimes.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:04.95,0:23:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- But if you have to do something\Nwhich is really terrible,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:07.94,0:23:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you have to recognize\Nthat it's really terrible.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:10.96,0:23:13.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you still have to do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:13.04,0:23:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I want them dead, mother and child both.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:16.06,0:23:18.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that fool Viserys as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.19,0:23:19.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that plain enough for you?
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.89,0:23:21.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want them both dead.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:21.29,0:23:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You'll dishonor yourself\Nfor ever if you do this.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:23.34,0:23:24.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Honor?
Dialogue: 0,0:23:24.79,0:23:27.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've got seven kingdoms to rule!
Dialogue: 0,0:23:27.25,0:23:29.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's tough to be a ruler,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.99,0:23:33.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether in Machiavelli's time or today.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:35.27,0:23:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- George R.R. Martin understands\Nthe burden of command.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:39.52,0:23:40.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is your chair.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:40.72,0:23:42.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is your throne.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:42.02,0:23:43.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [George] My throne?
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.10,0:23:44.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] He's the best-selling author
Dialogue: 0,0:23:44.45,0:23:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,behind the TV series Game of Thrones,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:46.97,0:23:50.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,set in an imaginary world\Nof warring kingdoms.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:52.32,0:23:55.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Game of Thrones is a fantasy, of course.
Dialogue: 0,0:23:55.43,0:23:59.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think a lot of the fantasy\Nthat had gone before me
Dialogue: 0,0:24:01.57,0:24:03.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has this unspoken assumption
Dialogue: 0,0:24:03.58,0:24:06.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that if you are a good man,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.18,0:24:09.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you will be a good king or a good prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:09.82,0:24:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you look at the real world,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.89,0:24:13.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you look at real history,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.13,0:24:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if you look at contemporary times,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:14.68,0:24:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's not enough just to\Nbe a good guy, you know.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:19.28,0:24:21.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I read The Prince back in college,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.73,0:24:23.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which was, of course, many years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.62,0:24:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And obviously, I absorbed\Nquite a few of its lessons.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.02,0:24:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It is a terrible thing we must consider,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:30.14,0:24:33.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a vile thing, yet we who presume to rule
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.51,0:24:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,must sometimes do vile things
Dialogue: 0,0:24:35.48,0:24:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the good of the realm.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:37.98,0:24:39.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's not enough just to say
Dialogue: 0,0:24:39.23,0:24:41.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I will be good and wise
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.42,0:24:43.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and do the right thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.33,0:24:44.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is the right thing?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.92,0:24:46.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the question.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.77,0:24:49.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Don't Be Evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:49.58,0:24:52.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what Google say is the right thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.52,0:24:54.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But isn't it precisely these user-friendly
Dialogue: 0,0:24:54.76,0:24:56.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,global corporations
Dialogue: 0,0:24:56.53,0:24:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are the modern day Machiavellians?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:59.97,0:25:03.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Corporatism presents\Na much more pleasant
Dialogue: 0,0:25:03.55,0:25:05.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,face to the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:05.42,0:25:08.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in that sense it may\Nbe even more Machiavellian,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.01,0:25:10.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's smiling at us.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:10.92,0:25:12.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it benign?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:12.03,0:25:12.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't know.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:12.87,0:25:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is it benign?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.70,0:25:16.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it's certainly subtle.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:16.13,0:25:19.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The motto of Google is don't be evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:19.40,0:25:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But don't look at the words,\Nlook at their actions.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:22.36,0:25:24.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The data they are\Ngathering on individuals,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:24.40,0:25:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the global presence they have.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:26.83,0:25:30.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in order to exercise\Npower in the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:30.34,0:25:34.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to give the appearance\Nof being nice and good.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:34.86,0:25:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you look to be too ambitious for power,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:37.64,0:25:39.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people are gonna see that,
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.20,0:25:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're not gonna to like it.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:40.52,0:25:42.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The public wants to feel
Dialogue: 0,0:25:42.34,0:25:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you are motivated by\Nsome higher aspiration.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.33,0:25:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you have to manage appearances.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.72,0:25:51.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all of these companies\Nplay the game like that.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:51.84,0:25:53.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The mission of the\Ncompany is to make the world
Dialogue: 0,0:25:53.51,0:25:54.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more open and connected.
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.86,0:25:56.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everyone's gonna have a\Nmuch better experience
Dialogue: 0,0:25:56.46,0:26:00.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when they're doing different\Nthings with their friends.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:00.58,0:26:01.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "When ones sees him,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.57,0:26:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"a ruler must be a paragon of mercy,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.80,0:26:07.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"loyalty, humanness,\Nintegrity and scrupulousness.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.95,0:26:09.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Indeed, there is nothing more important
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.94,0:26:12.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"than appearing to have this last quality.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:12.75,0:26:14.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"For the common people are impressed
Dialogue: 0,0:26:14.67,0:26:17.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"by appearances and results."
Dialogue: 0,0:26:19.85,0:26:22.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Machiavelli is the first person ever
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.27,0:26:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to analyze that phenomenon.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:24.69,0:26:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think we're living in a period now
Dialogue: 0,0:26:26.32,0:26:29.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's remarkably similar\Nto what Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:26:29.26,0:26:30.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was living through.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:31.83,0:26:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] And it's not just\Nwith global tech companies
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.33,0:26:36.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that appearances matter.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:36.39,0:26:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli's rule applies everywhere,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.56,0:26:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not least, as Robert Greene\Nfound out, in Hollywood.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.85,0:26:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- If you go into a meeting\Nand you give off confidence,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:47.11,0:26:49.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like you could pull this off,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:49.21,0:26:51.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like you can see it\Nall the way to the end,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.73,0:26:53.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you know what you're doing,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:53.22,0:26:54.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're gonna go a lot further
Dialogue: 0,0:26:54.95,0:26:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than somebody who might\Nhave a brilliant idea,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:57.09,0:26:58.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but doesn't know how to pitch it as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:26:58.94,0:27:00.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know, for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.62,0:27:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I made that mistake\Nrecently in a meeting,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:03.35,0:27:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we didn't exude that\Ninsane sense of confidence
Dialogue: 0,0:27:07.46,0:27:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we were gonna get this project done.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:10.25,0:27:13.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a realm of appearances, basically.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:16.24,0:27:17.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] But for Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.59,0:27:20.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,no one who wants to succeed\Nin the game of power
Dialogue: 0,0:27:20.39,0:27:22.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can escape one key factor.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:23.41,0:27:24.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Luck.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.52,0:27:28.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fortuna, he calls it, that\Ncapricious turn of the wheel
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.33,0:27:31.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by which the ambitious rise and fall,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.68,0:27:34.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and never more so than in politics.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:35.54,0:27:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What does it mean to be\Nable to make your fortune?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:37.64,0:27:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is to have the\Nqualities that enable you
Dialogue: 0,0:27:40.49,0:27:41.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to dominate luck.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:43.18,0:27:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So wow can you hope to dominate luck?
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.51,0:27:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, in the end, you can't.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:47.11,0:27:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fortune is always more\Npowerful than reason.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:49.84,0:27:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But there are qualities that enable you,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.76,0:27:57.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the excellent American\Nphrase puts it, to get lucky.
Dialogue: 0,0:27:57.23,0:27:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But, of course, you\Ncould, as a politician,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:58.96,0:28:02.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,simply have an amazing stroke of luck
Dialogue: 0,0:28:02.09,0:28:03.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from which everything follows.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.47,0:28:06.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Tony Blair would certainly\Nbe an example of that.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.41,0:28:08.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Man] The body of John Smith was carried
Dialogue: 0,0:28:08.41,0:28:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into the parish...
Dialogue: 0,0:28:09.34,0:28:11.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- John Smith, who was\NLeader of the Opposition,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.91,0:28:15.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dies very suddenly in his mid-fifties.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:16.19,0:28:20.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So Blair becomes Leader of the\NOpposition at the age of 41,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.83,0:28:23.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he had no expectation of the leader
Dialogue: 0,0:28:23.47,0:28:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dying in the mid-fifties.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:24.54,0:28:26.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People don't die in their mid-fifties.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:26.34,0:28:28.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But John Smith did.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:28.09,0:28:30.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This morning, I'm\Nannouncing my candidature
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.82,0:28:35.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the position of Leader\Nof the Labour Party.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.12,0:28:37.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Now there's no successful politician
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.45,0:28:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who hasn't, at some\Npoint, had pure good luck.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:40.13,0:28:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Tony Blair's pure good\Nluck, terrible thing to say,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:43.65,0:28:44.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but was the death of John Smith.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:44.88,0:28:46.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely he would have won that election,
Dialogue: 0,0:28:46.40,0:28:47.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he would have been Prime Minister.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.77,0:28:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But instead, it was Blair.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:49.82,0:28:52.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- A new dawn has broken, has it not?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:52.03,0:28:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(crowd cheering)
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.41,0:28:56.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He had the Fortuna, he had\Nthe luck, and he grabbed it.
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.48,0:28:58.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He had the opportunity to become\NLeader of the Labour Party
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.31,0:29:00.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when John Smith died, and he grabbed it.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.53,0:29:01.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he made something of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:01.100,0:29:04.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I think he was a classically\NMachiavellian leader,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.85,0:29:06.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from that point of view.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:10.39,0:29:14.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] For Machiavelli, the\Nflip side of Fortuna is Virtu.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.95,0:29:16.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He doesn't mean virtue, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:16.93,0:29:19.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he means a kind of virtuosity.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:20.42,0:29:23.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In Latin, the word for a man is vir,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:23.42,0:29:25.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the source of our word virile.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:25.81,0:29:27.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's this principle of manliness,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:27.79,0:29:30.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of courage, of prudence,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:30.60,0:29:33.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of knowing how to master fortune.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.17,0:29:36.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that's what virtue is, because\Nif you can master fortune,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:36.16,0:29:40.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can maintain your state\Nand thereby gain glory.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:42.38,0:29:44.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "This raises the question\Nof whether it is better
Dialogue: 0,0:29:44.13,0:29:46.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"to be loved than feared.
Dialogue: 0,0:29:46.25,0:29:48.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My reply is that one\Nwould like to be both,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:48.98,0:29:52.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"but as it is difficult\Nto combine love and fear,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:52.69,0:29:55.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"it is far safer to be feared,
Dialogue: 0,0:29:56.92,0:29:58.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"because it can be said of men
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.24,0:30:03.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"that they're ungrateful,\Nfickle liars and deceivers.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.12,0:30:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"They shun danger and\Nare greedy for profit."
Dialogue: 0,0:30:07.52,0:30:09.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He recommends fear over love.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:09.14,0:30:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, he says it's better to be both,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:12.52,0:30:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but if you have to choose between the two,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:14.20,0:30:16.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's better to be feared.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:16.29,0:30:18.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "The bond of love is one that men break
Dialogue: 0,0:30:18.11,0:30:20.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"when it is to their advantage to do so,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:20.47,0:30:24.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"but fear is strengthened\Nby the dread of punishment,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.32,0:30:27.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"which is always effective."
Dialogue: 0,0:30:27.25,0:30:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Fear is something that you can rely on
Dialogue: 0,0:30:29.71,0:30:33.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a very stable sort\Nof emotional foundation
Dialogue: 0,0:30:33.01,0:30:34.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to build your power on.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.88,0:30:37.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli was all about power,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:37.59,0:30:40.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the Prince or of the state.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.02,0:30:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This is a remarkable\Nmoment in The Prince
Dialogue: 0,0:30:48.09,0:30:49.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it's the only moment
Dialogue: 0,0:30:49.22,0:30:52.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when he really generalizes\Nabout human nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:52.15,0:30:56.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He says that most people are\Nfickle, you can't trust them.
Dialogue: 0,0:30:56.17,0:30:58.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are going to do everything
Dialogue: 0,0:30:58.67,0:31:00.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is in their own interest
Dialogue: 0,0:31:00.16,0:31:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not in your interest.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:01.84,0:31:04.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what would be the point of trying to
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.08,0:31:06.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bind them to you by affection?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.57,0:31:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They'll simply sell you down the river.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:08.26,0:31:11.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've got to make them frightened.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:13.29,0:31:15.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "If one has to choose between them,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:15.07,0:31:18.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"it is far safer to be feared than loved."
Dialogue: 0,0:31:18.64,0:31:19.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Very true of politicians now.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:19.90,0:31:21.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you think about politicians,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:21.20,0:31:23.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can be absolutely\Nbeloved of your party.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.27,0:31:25.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Neil Kinnock was beloved\Nof the Labour Party.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:25.52,0:31:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every time he went through\Na Prime Minister's question
Dialogue: 0,0:31:27.20,0:31:29.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or was bashed to pieces by Mrs. Thatcher,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:29.07,0:31:31.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the whole Labour Party suffered with him.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.60,0:31:33.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he could never be elected because
Dialogue: 0,0:31:33.05,0:31:35.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he didn't have that aspect of fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.07,0:31:37.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Mrs. Thatcher was never\Nmuch liked by her troops,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:37.50,0:31:39.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she was feared and respected.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:39.29,0:31:41.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So she was someone who was\Nfeared rather than loved.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:41.80,0:31:43.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli says the point is
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.46,0:31:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that being loved is a\Nreciprocal relationship.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:45.99,0:31:47.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The person can stop loving you,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:47.42,0:31:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whereas fear is a one-way thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:49.26,0:31:50.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They can't stop fearing you
Dialogue: 0,0:31:50.38,0:31:52.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as long as you have the\Nmeans to make them fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.84,0:31:55.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Through it all, the fear point
Dialogue: 0,0:31:55.22,0:31:56.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is really, really important.
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.81,0:32:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the leader goes into a gathering,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:00.70,0:32:03.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there has to be a sense that that person
Dialogue: 0,0:32:03.07,0:32:07.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the main event in\Nthat room at that time.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:07.28,0:32:09.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now they can emanate all sorts of charm
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.48,0:32:12.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and niceness and all the rest of it,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:12.16,0:32:14.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but, you know, look at what happens
Dialogue: 0,0:32:14.22,0:32:16.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,within our political system
Dialogue: 0,0:32:16.38,0:32:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the run-up to a re-shuffle.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.54,0:32:22.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I can remember the very first\Ntime he did a re-shuffle.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:22.73,0:32:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, he wasn't quite physically sick,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:24.41,0:32:25.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but he wasn't far off it.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:25.82,0:32:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He absolutely hated it.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:28.58,0:32:31.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he definitely got\Ntougher as time went on.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:31.92,0:32:34.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Out went Charles Clarke,\Nafter so many bad headlines...
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.96,0:32:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Come the last re-shuffle that I was,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:37.54,0:32:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as it were, directly involved in,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.70,0:32:41.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once he'd done the big beasts,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:41.66,0:32:43.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and done them all face-to-face,
Dialogue: 0,0:32:43.10,0:32:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he kind of had a list of\Npeople that he did by phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:46.21,0:32:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And was pretty swift about it as well.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:51.61,0:32:53.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look, you've probably heard\NI'm doing a re-shuffle
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.88,0:32:56.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I'm afraid I'm going\Nto have to ask for your job
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.21,0:32:58.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we need to make some changes.
Dialogue: 0,0:32:58.14,0:33:00.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And um, well, there we are.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:01.38,0:33:03.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Is it useful that\Nthey feel slightly fearful?
Dialogue: 0,0:33:03.97,0:33:06.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think if leaders are being really,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.26,0:33:07.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really honest about it,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:07.29,0:33:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that is quite useful at times.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:09.93,0:33:13.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The ruler needs to be\Nable to intimidate people,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:13.47,0:33:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for lack of a better word,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:15.12,0:33:17.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,needs to be able, well, in extreme cases
Dialogue: 0,0:33:17.67,0:33:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Renaissance Italy,\Nto execute his enemies.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:21.30,0:33:25.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In modern times, it would\Nbe more to fire people.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:25.41,0:33:26.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] For Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:26.49,0:33:29.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not even the most loyal\Nservant should be spared.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:29.76,0:33:32.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have to get rid of\Nthem to maintain power,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:32.46,0:33:33.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then they must go.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:35.30,0:33:38.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Better to be feared than loved.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:38.19,0:33:40.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say that to be feared
Dialogue: 0,0:33:40.74,0:33:43.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is far better than to be loved.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:43.65,0:33:46.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There has to be, between\Nan employer and employee,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:46.89,0:33:49.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a tiny little bit of fear.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.34,0:33:51.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I certainly don't need to be loved
Dialogue: 0,0:33:51.10,0:33:53.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by anybody in business.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:54.39,0:33:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Man] These are the Dragons.
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.22,0:33:57.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Five of Britain's wealthiest
Dialogue: 0,0:33:57.80,0:34:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most enterprising business leaders.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.00,0:34:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Multimillionaire businesswoman
Dialogue: 0,0:34:02.44,0:34:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and former Dragon Hilary Devey
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.65,0:34:07.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,first read The Prince\Nwhen she was at school.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:07.52,0:34:11.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,16th century political analysis\Nmay have felt like a chore
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.05,0:34:14.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's certainly left its mark.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.06,0:34:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Let's face it, for a 15-year-old,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:15.64,0:34:17.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even for a 50-year-old,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.50,0:34:20.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's heavy going, it's a hard read.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.67,0:34:23.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because it's very thought-provoking,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:23.08,0:34:25.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is what it's meant to be.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:25.90,0:34:28.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think I can bring a lot to the party.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.41,0:34:32.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I've a lot of access into major retailers.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:32.06,0:34:34.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'll offer you the full 70,000.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:35.76,0:34:37.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I'd like 20%.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:40.40,0:34:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you actually watch Dragons' Den,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:42.24,0:34:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it couldn't be more\NMachiavellian if it tried.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:46.38,0:34:48.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you look at each\None of the Dragons,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:48.92,0:34:51.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,every single one of them has something
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.29,0:34:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavellian about them.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:54.26,0:34:56.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'll offer you 70,000 pound
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.30,0:34:59.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for 10% of the company.
Dialogue: 0,0:34:59.06,0:35:02.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I simply couldn't believe\Nhow Machiavellian they were.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.78,0:35:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it took me a little while,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:04.42,0:35:06.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,perhaps a month, six weeks,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.36,0:35:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to finally understand what the strategy,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:09.60,0:35:11.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what the game plan was.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:11.33,0:35:13.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once I did, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.12,0:35:16.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I joined in and I became one of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.21,0:35:18.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Man] Only Hilary Devey remains.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.61,0:35:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Will she see an opportunity\Nwhere her rivals have not?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.34,0:35:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- If I was to offer you the 50,000 pound
Dialogue: 0,0:35:27.02,0:35:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for 95% of your company,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:30.00,0:35:31.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would you say?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:32.59,0:35:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it is an important book.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.24,0:35:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think his principles are the same
Dialogue: 0,0:35:36.46,0:35:38.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,principles as mine, in a way,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.18,0:35:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where I say the only difference\Nbetween me and Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:35:42.85,0:35:45.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that I make a commercial decision.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:45.26,0:35:46.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I will take whatever amount of
Dialogue: 0,0:35:46.87,0:35:50.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compassion is required out\Nof that commercial decision.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.11,0:35:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But what I will then do\Nis put compassion back in.
Dialogue: 0,0:35:52.90,0:35:56.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm having to do this because XYZ,
Dialogue: 0,0:35:56.62,0:35:58.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now how can I help you?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:01.52,0:36:02.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Chapter 19.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:02.95,0:36:05.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How to avoid contempt and hatred.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:05.71,0:36:08.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Princes must delegate\Ndifficult tasks to others
Dialogue: 0,0:36:08.73,0:36:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and keep popular ones for themselves."
Dialogue: 0,0:36:12.42,0:36:14.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The Prince must never be hated.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:14.94,0:36:17.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you're hated then\Nyou'll lose your state
Dialogue: 0,0:36:17.51,0:36:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because there will be some good reason
Dialogue: 0,0:36:19.22,0:36:21.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why the people hate you\Nand they wont tolerate it.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:21.48,0:36:24.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now how can you avoid being hated
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.75,0:36:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if terrible things have to be done?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:26.81,0:36:29.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well one of Machiavelli's\Npieces of advice is to say
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.85,0:36:32.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you must appoint a deputy\Nand you must get him
Dialogue: 0,0:36:32.76,0:36:34.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to do the dirty work.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:35.79,0:36:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] To make his point,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.11,0:36:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli tells a story\Nabout Cesare Borgia.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:40.86,0:36:44.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We think of Borgia as a\Nblood-thirsty monster.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:44.17,0:36:46.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To Machiavelli, he was a hero.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:48.25,0:36:52.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The story begins in Cesena in\Nthe Romagna district of Italy.
Dialogue: 0,0:36:52.59,0:36:54.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Borgia wants to take over the area
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.90,0:36:58.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so he sends in his minister Romero d'Orco,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:58.52,0:37:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a man with a ruthless reputation.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:02.92,0:37:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Borgia sends him in\Nto Romagna to pacify it.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:05.60,0:37:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He does so by means of unspeakable cruelty
Dialogue: 0,0:37:07.91,0:37:10.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there is a threat of a rising.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:13.02,0:37:14.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Borgia was aware that d'Orco had created
Dialogue: 0,0:37:14.97,0:37:16.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hatred among the people
Dialogue: 0,0:37:16.34,0:37:18.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in order to win them over,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:18.28,0:37:19.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he decided to make it clear that
Dialogue: 0,0:37:19.96,0:37:21.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if there had been any cruelty
Dialogue: 0,0:37:21.34,0:37:24.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it had been triggered\Nby d'Orco and not him.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:24.74,0:37:25.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- And so what happens is,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.97,0:37:29.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli says, in wonderfully\Nlevel piece of prose,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.01,0:37:33.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says that one morning\NRomero d'Orco was found
Dialogue: 0,0:37:33.47,0:37:36.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the square of Cesena in two pieces.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:37.63,0:37:40.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(dramatic music)
Dialogue: 0,0:37:41.82,0:37:43.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He had d'Orco placed in two pieces
Dialogue: 0,0:37:43.94,0:37:48.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a block of wood and\Nblood-stained knife by his side.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:48.71,0:37:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This terrible spectacle left the people
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.71,0:37:53.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,both satisfied and stupefied.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:56.53,0:37:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I mean, they thought, wow,\Nwell he can do anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:37:59.97,0:38:02.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The hated figure was gone,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:02.23,0:38:04.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Borgia was in no way to blame.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:04.70,0:38:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So always put a second in\Ncommand to do your dirty work.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:12.56,0:38:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Putting that dismembered\Nbody on a block, what is that?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:15.66,0:38:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not only just saying\Nthat I executed that man,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.50,0:38:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's almost like a ritual\Nmurder, almost mafia-like.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:21.82,0:38:26.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's there to inspire awe\Nand respect and admiration
Dialogue: 0,0:38:26.28,0:38:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for the man who did it.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:28.08,0:38:30.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To see a leader who's not only killed him,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:30.86,0:38:33.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but put him there so everyone\Ncould see as a lesson.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:33.28,0:38:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My God, it has a triple\Neffect on public opinion.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:41.28,0:38:42.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Political leaders have been using
Dialogue: 0,0:38:42.90,0:38:45.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this strategy for centuries
Dialogue: 0,0:38:45.47,0:38:47.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without the blood.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.01,0:38:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So FDR had his henchmen,\NClinton had his henchmen.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:51.78,0:38:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Tony Blair had it,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:53.74,0:38:56.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cameron has Osborne.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.22,0:38:57.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On and on and on and on.
Dialogue: 0,0:38:57.81,0:38:59.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You've got somebody there\Nto do the dirty work,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.75,0:39:01.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you can distance\Nyourself from them.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:01.71,0:39:05.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the sort of violent example is actually
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.05,0:39:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that goes on\Nevery day around us.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:09.82,0:39:13.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Maybe that's why The\NPrince feels so contemporary.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:13.95,0:39:16.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The rules of power, it seems,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:16.06,0:39:20.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are just as applicable today\Nas they were 500 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:20.32,0:39:22.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Originally a manual for the Medici,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:22.45,0:39:24.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Prince could just as easily
Dialogue: 0,0:39:24.09,0:39:27.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,be a modern self-help book.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:27.08,0:39:28.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We tend to think of power only in terms
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.100,0:39:31.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of politics or business,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.16,0:39:33.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but really there's the power to control
Dialogue: 0,0:39:33.49,0:39:35.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your destiny, your life,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.62,0:39:37.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how you are in your office.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:37.54,0:39:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you have no control over your career,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:40.34,0:39:42.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you have no influence\Nover your colleagues
Dialogue: 0,0:39:42.57,0:39:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or peers or your boss,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:44.05,0:39:46.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the most miserable\Nfeeling in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:46.65,0:39:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And nobody wants that\Nkind of position in life.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.16,0:39:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So everybody is scrambling\Nto get more power,
Dialogue: 0,0:39:53.74,0:39:57.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more control, over their\Nindividual destiny.
Dialogue: 0,0:39:59.00,0:40:02.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I taught college once at a tiny little
Dialogue: 0,0:40:04.30,0:40:07.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Catholic girls' college in Dubuque, Iowa.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:07.59,0:40:08.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And...
Dialogue: 0,0:40:10.55,0:40:13.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The power struggles on an academic level
Dialogue: 0,0:40:13.32,0:40:15.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at this little thing were as vicious
Dialogue: 0,0:40:15.03,0:40:17.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as anything in medieval Florence of
Dialogue: 0,0:40:17.25,0:40:19.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who will get to be department chairman
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.89,0:40:22.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and wield that vast power.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.68,0:40:26.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's all in the context of what you're in.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:26.49,0:40:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It's sort of like once\Nyou enter the boxing ring,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:29.54,0:40:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to fight, you can't\Nsit there and just lie down.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:32.32,0:40:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're gonna get beaten up.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:33.72,0:40:35.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So once you're there, you\Nhave to figure out a strategy.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:35.91,0:40:37.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you don't want to get hit,
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.22,0:40:40.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to at least figure\Nout how to avoid getting hit.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.05,0:40:42.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there's no way to opt out.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:44.08,0:40:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But a lot of people are\Nuncomfortable with it
Dialogue: 0,0:40:46.11,0:40:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they play a kind of\Na negative game of power.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.39,0:40:52.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They say that they find\Npower ugly and disgusting
Dialogue: 0,0:40:52.83,0:40:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and power people are\Nantisocial, et cetera.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:57.59,0:40:59.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The ones that say they're\Nnot interested in power
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.93,0:41:02.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are often the most dangerous types.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:04.38,0:41:06.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would say that The\NPrince is more relevant now
Dialogue: 0,0:41:06.48,0:41:08.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than it almost ever has been.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:08.24,0:41:09.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that he was ahead of his time,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.96,0:41:11.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was 500 years ahead of his time.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:11.92,0:41:14.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that this book is absolutely
Dialogue: 0,0:41:14.68,0:41:17.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the perfect template for how to survive
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.19,0:41:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and thrive in the world that's coming up.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.81,0:41:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(explosion booming)
Dialogue: 0,0:41:26.04,0:41:28.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Using The Prince\Nas a guide to warfare
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.20,0:41:30.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,may sound a bit extreme,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.34,0:41:33.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's exactly what\NColonel Tim Collins
Dialogue: 0,0:41:33.01,0:41:35.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,did when he was in Iraq.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:35.82,0:41:37.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Collins is famous for the rousing speech
Dialogue: 0,0:41:37.91,0:41:40.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he made on the eve of battle,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:40.07,0:41:44.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,later recreated in a short\Nfilm starring Kenneth Branagh.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:44.94,0:41:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Now there are some who\Nare alive at this moment
Dialogue: 0,0:41:46.68,0:41:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who will not be alive shortly.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:49.26,0:41:51.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those of them who do not\Nwish to go on that journey,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.100,0:41:53.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will not send them.
Dialogue: 0,0:41:53.69,0:41:54.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As for the others...
Dialogue: 0,0:41:54.72,0:41:57.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] What is less known\Nis that, while he was in Iraq,
Dialogue: 0,0:41:57.58,0:42:02.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Collins kept a copy of The\NPrince with him at all times.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:02.49,0:42:04.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In Iraq, I kept dipping into it.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:04.15,0:42:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I carried it around in my map pocket
Dialogue: 0,0:42:05.77,0:42:09.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I would take it out and read it.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:09.50,0:42:11.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would study to find out what it was
Dialogue: 0,0:42:11.52,0:42:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was specifically saying about
Dialogue: 0,0:42:13.06,0:42:14.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what will cause populations to hate you.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:14.90,0:42:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because here's the headline news,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:16.71,0:42:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what would have got\Nyou hated 500 years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.12,0:42:21.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what's gonna get you hated today.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:21.07,0:42:24.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's worth studying it\Nto what it is he's saying.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.49,0:42:27.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the book I had with me in Iraq.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:27.31,0:42:29.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's pretty fragile now because
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.63,0:42:31.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it literally has been through the wars.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:31.72,0:42:34.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the sand still falls out of it.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.44,0:42:35.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you read Machiavelli,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:35.67,0:42:37.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you realize at the end of the day
Dialogue: 0,0:42:37.01,0:42:38.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you've got to do is the right thing.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:38.72,0:42:40.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, if you are in an occupied village,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:40.19,0:42:42.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could organize a football match
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.15,0:42:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and give out bars of soap.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:43.90,0:42:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or we could have a curfew and tell you,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:45.44,0:42:48.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the first person I catch\Nwith a weapon is a dead man,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.64,0:42:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I want all weapons handed in tomorrow.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:50.92,0:42:53.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And after that, anybody\Ncaught with one is a dead man.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:53.47,0:42:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then get all the weapons handed in.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:55.06,0:42:56.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And once all the weapons\Nare out of the way
Dialogue: 0,0:42:56.58,0:42:58.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they fear your very shadow,
Dialogue: 0,0:42:58.30,0:43:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then we can have a football match.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.94,0:43:03.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] And do you think, as a manual,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:03.31,0:43:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that this had lessons for you?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:05.12,0:43:06.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Absolutely.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:06.12,0:43:07.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, he is spot on throughout.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:07.80,0:43:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think that all he's\Nsaying ultimately is,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.97,0:43:12.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for good or for ill, this is what works.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:12.52,0:43:16.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, on that basis, I\Nthink he's the good guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.59,0:43:18.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What he described was what he saw.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:18.89,0:43:20.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And he did it so accurately
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.13,0:43:23.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that here we are centuries\Nlater still reading it
Dialogue: 0,0:43:23.32,0:43:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and still observing it\Nin our everyday lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:28.68,0:43:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Chapter Three.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.22,0:43:32.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It should be observed\Nhere that men should
Dialogue: 0,0:43:32.32,0:43:34.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"either be caressed or crushed
Dialogue: 0,0:43:34.84,0:43:37.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"because they can avenge slight injuries
Dialogue: 0,0:43:37.04,0:43:40.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"but not those that are very severe."
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.11,0:43:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- What Machiavelli would say is that,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.15,0:43:44.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you decide to do something,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:44.72,0:43:46.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you go through with it to the end.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:46.08,0:43:48.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that means not to spatter your enemy,
Dialogue: 0,0:43:48.36,0:43:50.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to crush your enemy.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:50.55,0:43:51.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cause him to cease to exist.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:51.96,0:43:54.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That way you're certain there can be no
Dialogue: 0,0:43:54.02,0:43:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comeback on you or your people.
Dialogue: 0,0:43:58.50,0:44:00.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The crush-your-enemy dynamic
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.27,0:44:01.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is something that Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:44:01.84,0:44:03.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,discovered as a law of power.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:03.41,0:44:04.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's timeless.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:04.53,0:44:08.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it exists in warfare and\Nit totally exists in business.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:08.38,0:44:10.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The classic example was the war
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.04,0:44:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between Microsoft and\NNetscape in the 1990s,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:13.70,0:44:16.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which Netscape was one\Nof the hottest things around
Dialogue: 0,0:44:16.23,0:44:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Microsoft completely crushed Netscape.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:19.91,0:44:21.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't exist anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.83,0:44:25.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Internet wars, Microsoft vs. Netscape,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:25.44,0:44:27.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Goliath takes on David.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:28.93,0:44:30.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Robert] You find the\Nsame thing with Google.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:30.51,0:44:32.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every time there is a possible competitor,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.57,0:44:34.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they go out and buy them out.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.18,0:44:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like YouTube, etc.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:36.08,0:44:37.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Google buys YouTube.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:37.94,0:44:39.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Robert] You look at it with Amazon.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:39.69,0:44:40.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On and on down the line,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:40.92,0:44:43.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's the dynamic in business\Nwhere you need to consume
Dialogue: 0,0:44:43.88,0:44:46.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the various rivals in your path.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.39,0:44:49.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- "It can be said of men\Nthat they are ungrateful,
Dialogue: 0,0:44:49.69,0:44:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"fickle liars and deceivers.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:51.71,0:44:55.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"They shun danger and\Nare greedy for profit."
Dialogue: 0,0:44:55.75,0:44:58.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] I keep coming back to\Nthese lines from The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:44:58.100,0:45:01.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is this what people are really like?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:01.06,0:45:05.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are we all ungrateful,\Nfickle liars and deceivers?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:06.67,0:45:09.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Machiavelli Test is\Nan attempt to answer that.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.95,0:45:13.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was developed by\Npsychologists in the 1960s.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.43,0:45:17.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,20 questions tap into our\NMachiavellian instincts.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:17.44,0:45:19.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You end up with a score\Nthat tells you whether
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.41,0:45:22.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you're a high Mac or a low Mac.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:22.76,0:45:25.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now this is something I can't resist.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:26.84,0:45:29.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Alan, in this test\Nthere are 20 statements.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:29.42,0:45:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to indicate the extent to which
Dialogue: 0,0:45:31.06,0:45:33.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you agree or disagree with each statement.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:33.61,0:45:36.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want you to answer as\Ntruthfully as you can.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:36.51,0:45:39.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Answer one if you strongly\Ndisagree with the statement,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:39.55,0:45:41.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,two if you disagree,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:41.12,0:45:43.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,three if you are neutral,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:43.05,0:45:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,four if you agree,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:44.52,0:45:46.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and five if you strongly agree.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:46.54,0:45:47.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:48.35,0:45:49.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Number one.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:49.63,0:45:52.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Never tell anyone the real\Nreason you did something
Dialogue: 0,0:45:52.32,0:45:54.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,unless it is useful to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:56.04,0:45:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Two.
Dialogue: 0,0:45:57.55,0:45:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The best way to handle\Npeople is to tell them
Dialogue: 0,0:45:59.44,0:46:01.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what they want to hear.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:04.38,0:46:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Three.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.58,0:46:11.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It is hard to get ahead\Nwithout cutting corners.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.16,0:46:11.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Four.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.01,0:46:16.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It is wise to flatter important people.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.100,0:46:17.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Four.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.44,0:46:23.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Since its conception, there've\Nbeen around 1,400 studies
Dialogue: 0,0:46:23.20,0:46:25.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have used the Machiavelli Test.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:25.70,0:46:28.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what do the results tell us?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:28.35,0:46:29.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- One of the most consistent findings
Dialogue: 0,0:46:29.73,0:46:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to come out of our studies
Dialogue: 0,0:46:31.31,0:46:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that men are more\NMachiavellian than women.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:33.09,0:46:34.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not by a great deal,
Dialogue: 0,0:46:34.24,0:46:35.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but they come out consistently more
Dialogue: 0,0:46:35.56,0:46:37.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavellian than women.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:37.11,0:46:40.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavellianism tends\Nto peak in adolescence.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:40.11,0:46:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And another interesting finding\Nto come from the studies
Dialogue: 0,0:46:42.68,0:46:44.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that it doesn't matter what
Dialogue: 0,0:46:44.27,0:46:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your political orientation is.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:45.97,0:46:47.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is, right wingers and left wingers
Dialogue: 0,0:46:47.62,0:46:49.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't differ in Machiavellianism.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:49.98,0:46:51.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might tend to think\Nthat perhaps right wingers
Dialogue: 0,0:46:51.79,0:46:53.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are perhaps a little\Nbit more Machiavellian.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.50,0:46:54.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're not.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:55.98,0:46:57.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- So how did I do?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:57.67,0:46:59.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, Alan, I suppose it's good news.
Dialogue: 0,0:46:59.58,0:47:03.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You came out with a mean score\Nof 2.95 on these questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:03.86,0:47:06.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which means that you're neutral.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:06.28,0:47:07.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or just tending to disagree
Dialogue: 0,0:47:07.94,0:47:10.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the Machiavellian questions.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.01,0:47:11.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That makes you somewhat less Machiavellian
Dialogue: 0,0:47:11.63,0:47:13.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the average person.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:14.56,0:47:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- But if I were truly Machiavellian,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:17.00,0:47:20.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I would probably be lying, wouldn't I?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.01,0:47:21.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Man] You probably would in this setting
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.61,0:47:23.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because you're filming a documentary
Dialogue: 0,0:47:23.60,0:47:25.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and your responses are\Ngoing out to the nation.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.93,0:47:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you were an anonymous research...
Dialogue: 0,0:47:28.61,0:47:31.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] I'm still not sure\Nwhat to make of Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:31.63,0:47:35.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is The Prince a manual for\Ntyrants, devoid of all morality,
Dialogue: 0,0:47:35.77,0:47:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or is it a realistic guide to life?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:38.100,0:47:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is Machiavelli a goodie or a baddie?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:42.59,0:47:45.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- It seems to me that he holds\Na place as a cultural icon.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:45.49,0:47:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's a baddie.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:46.94,0:47:48.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Whereas actually the book is about
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.56,0:47:52.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the exposure of the nature\Nof badness and goodness.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:52.59,0:47:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It says, we need to think\Nof morality as a toolkit.
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.70,0:47:59.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Vices and virtues are artifacts\Nwe've invented to survive.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:01.08,0:48:04.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Is it a sort of\Nrealistic view of human nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:04.26,0:48:05.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not just of human nature,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:05.44,0:48:07.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the journey that we all have to make?
Dialogue: 0,0:48:07.66,0:48:08.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, yes, it could be.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:08.88,0:48:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But it could be a realistic\Nview of human nature
Dialogue: 0,0:48:12.22,0:48:16.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after you've lost belief\Nin love and kindness.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:16.35,0:48:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you could put it the\Nother way round and think
Dialogue: 0,0:48:17.62,0:48:19.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that what's being said is,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:19.78,0:48:24.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if virtue isn't necessarily\Nrewarded, why be virtuous?
Dialogue: 0,0:48:24.13,0:48:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which is a good question.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:25.57,0:48:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the answer would be something like,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:26.80,0:48:29.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,well, virtue is good in and of itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:29.51,0:48:31.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's better to be kind than to be cruel.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:31.30,0:48:33.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not because you'll do better in life,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:33.25,0:48:36.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but because it's better to\Nbe kind than to be cruel.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:36.08,0:48:38.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I'm keen on the thought that\NMachiavelli is a moralist,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:38.75,0:48:41.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he's just not a kind of\Nmoralist whom I admire.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:41.05,0:48:43.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is someone who thinks that\Nthe quality of your actions
Dialogue: 0,0:48:43.39,0:48:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is to be judged in terms\Nof their consequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:46.19,0:48:50.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That allows him this great\Nleeway for saying, well,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:50.07,0:48:52.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's necessary for the goal,
Dialogue: 0,0:48:52.17,0:48:54.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a good one, for you to do evil.
Dialogue: 0,0:48:54.11,0:48:57.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And don't worry about the fact\Nthat you have done something
Dialogue: 0,0:48:57.31,0:49:00.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is unjust if you are\Ncertain that if you didn't do it
Dialogue: 0,0:49:00.96,0:49:02.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it would have affected the security
Dialogue: 0,0:49:02.90,0:49:04.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the well-being of the state.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:04.58,0:49:06.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because your job is to maintain that.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:06.65,0:49:08.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the point is, you've got to maintain
Dialogue: 0,0:49:08.74,0:49:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that whatever happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:10.45,0:49:12.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the horrible\Nthing about Machiavelli.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:12.88,0:49:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, let's be clear.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:13.92,0:49:15.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is, I think, a horrible book.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:15.82,0:49:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean it's a horrible\Nbook because it says,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:18.01,0:49:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,don't worry about the virtues,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:19.54,0:49:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just worry about consequences.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:21.37,0:49:23.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Your job is to keep people secure.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:23.12,0:49:24.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do whatever is necessary.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:24.60,0:49:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, if you think about\Nthe implications of that,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:26.32,0:49:28.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're pretty appalling.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:28.24,0:49:30.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I also think there's a despair in this.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:30.13,0:49:32.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because the fundamental despair\Nin it is the assumption that
Dialogue: 0,0:49:32.95,0:49:35.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,people don't want to\Ncollaborate with each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:35.19,0:49:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That people don't want\Nto look after each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:38.47,0:49:40.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can imagine it also as a book written
Dialogue: 0,0:49:40.49,0:49:42.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the aftermath of a trauma.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:42.44,0:49:44.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in a way, of course, he was in prison.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:44.19,0:49:46.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there was a trauma.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:46.62,0:49:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You could think Machiavelli\Nis very disillusioned
Dialogue: 0,0:49:49.76,0:49:51.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about a lot of things.
Dialogue: 0,0:49:51.18,0:49:54.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a bit like he's\Nsaying, once you lose heart,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:54.21,0:49:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,once you lose belief in human\Ngoodness and collaboration
Dialogue: 0,0:49:57.32,0:49:58.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and kindness and love,
Dialogue: 0,0:49:58.78,0:50:00.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is what the world\Nis going to look like.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:00.71,0:50:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And more and more of us\Nare gonna have experiences
Dialogue: 0,0:50:02.55,0:50:03.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which we feel disillusioned,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:03.98,0:50:06.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we need to wise up to this.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:06.17,0:50:07.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,("Made Niggaz" by Tupac Shakur)
Dialogue: 0,0:50:07.91,0:50:09.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] This is Tupac Shakur.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:09.87,0:50:12.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He'd been huge fan of Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:50:12.60,0:50:15.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,before he was gunned down 1996.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:15.96,0:50:17.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When was in prison,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:17.51,0:50:19.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he studied The Prince and when he got out
Dialogue: 0,0:50:19.91,0:50:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he changed his name to Makaveli.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:23.24,0:50:24.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And made videos like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:24.80,0:50:26.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Makaveli the Don till I'm gone
Dialogue: 0,0:50:26.98,0:50:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] More recently, the rapper 50 Cent
Dialogue: 0,0:50:29.52,0:50:31.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrote a book with Robert Greene
Dialogue: 0,0:50:31.22,0:50:32.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called The 50th Law,
Dialogue: 0,0:50:32.94,0:50:35.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a Machiavellian bible for success
Dialogue: 0,0:50:35.55,0:50:39.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,based on the single\Nprincipal, fear nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:40.64,0:50:44.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- There is not a single more\NMachiavellian environment
Dialogue: 0,0:50:44.49,0:50:46.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than the music industry on this planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:46.43,0:50:50.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It makes Hollywood look like kindergarten.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:50.05,0:50:51.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is ruthless.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:51.65,0:50:54.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's Game of Thrones times five.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:54.25,0:50:57.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so someone like 50,\Nhe said it helped him.
Dialogue: 0,0:50:57.60,0:51:01.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It helped him negotiate this\Nshark-infested environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:02.62,0:51:04.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Power is a neutral term.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:04.49,0:51:07.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It can be used for bad and\Nit can be used for good.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:07.76,0:51:09.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like a tool.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:19.96,0:51:22.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Apart from Tupac and 50 Cent,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:22.47,0:51:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who else these days\Nmeasures up to Machiavelli?
Dialogue: 0,0:51:25.91,0:51:28.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Who would Machiavelli approve of?
Dialogue: 0,0:51:29.53,0:51:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Well, a lot of what Machiavelli is about
Dialogue: 0,0:51:31.56,0:51:32.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is about being strategic,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:32.87,0:51:36.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about trying to think\Nin a longer term frame.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:36.46,0:51:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if you think about\Nsomeone like Alex Ferguson
Dialogue: 0,0:51:38.06,0:51:38.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Manchester United,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:38.98,0:51:40.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was clearly as strategic manager.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:40.75,0:51:42.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He wasn't trying to think\Nabout the next match,
Dialogue: 0,0:51:42.28,0:51:44.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he was thinking on a\Nmuch longer time frame.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:44.12,0:51:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think someone like that would be
Dialogue: 0,0:51:45.23,0:51:47.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,an unconscious Machiavellian.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:47.04,0:51:50.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I would say that the most person
Dialogue: 0,0:51:50.24,0:51:52.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,certainly in my lifetime
Dialogue: 0,0:51:52.47,0:51:56.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I would resemble to Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:51:56.26,0:51:58.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would be Margaret Thatcher.
Dialogue: 0,0:51:58.49,0:52:00.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She certainly wasn't loved by her Cabinet.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:00.70,0:52:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But she was certainly feared.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:03.38,0:52:05.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I think if you're looking\Nfor a very good example
Dialogue: 0,0:52:05.41,0:52:08.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of an institution that has applied well
Dialogue: 0,0:52:10.16,0:52:13.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some of the lessons and the\Nprinciples in The Prince,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:13.71,0:52:16.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you'll find them in the Royal Family.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:16.44,0:52:18.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I mean, there was a period when
Dialogue: 0,0:52:18.34,0:52:20.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually the sense of the royal brand,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:20.18,0:52:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you like, was becoming quite negative.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:22.44,0:52:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, they've seen that off.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:23.79,0:52:24.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Big time.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:24.62,0:52:26.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think they've seen it off, in part,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:26.48,0:52:28.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by operating some of these
Dialogue: 0,0:52:28.81,0:52:31.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,timeless principles that\Nare set out in The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:31.97,0:52:34.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in very a modern context.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:36.45,0:52:38.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] The Prince may anticipate a world
Dialogue: 0,0:52:38.66,0:52:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five centuries into the future,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:40.87,0:52:44.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what happened to the book itself?
Dialogue: 0,0:52:44.02,0:52:46.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was published in 1532
Dialogue: 0,0:52:46.26,0:52:49.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and not surprisingly the Pope banned it.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:49.76,0:52:53.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The Papal Index is set up in 1559.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:53.32,0:52:55.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's simply an alphabetical list of books
Dialogue: 0,0:52:55.42,0:52:56.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which you mustn't read.
Dialogue: 0,0:52:56.57,0:52:58.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are mostly Lutheran\Nand Calvinist books,
Dialogue: 0,0:52:58.53,0:53:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,works of deep heresy according\Nto the Catholic Church.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:01.32,0:53:03.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But some secular writers are in there,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:03.85,0:53:06.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Nicholas Machiavelli is in there
Dialogue: 0,0:53:06.72,0:53:10.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,under the heading "all his\Nworks are totally banned."
Dialogue: 0,0:53:14.07,0:53:15.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] But that didn't stop The Prince
Dialogue: 0,0:53:15.64,0:53:17.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from reaching England
Dialogue: 0,0:53:17.03,0:53:19.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and cementing Niccolo Machiavelli's
Dialogue: 0,0:53:19.19,0:53:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,reputation as Old Nick - the devil.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:23.24,0:53:25.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- England was the country that really
Dialogue: 0,0:53:25.40,0:53:26.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,played the biggest role
Dialogue: 0,0:53:26.52,0:53:30.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in spreading this idea\Nthat this man was satanic.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:30.18,0:53:32.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(grunting)
Dialogue: 0,0:53:32.77,0:53:34.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Shakespeare doesn't exactly help,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:34.83,0:53:36.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as Machiavelli's name is evoked by
Dialogue: 0,0:53:36.83,0:53:39.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the scheming Duke of Gloucester,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:39.18,0:53:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the future Richard III.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:41.15,0:53:43.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- I can add colors to the Chameleon,
Dialogue: 0,0:53:43.74,0:53:46.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,change shapes with Proteus for advantages
Dialogue: 0,0:53:46.19,0:53:50.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and set the murderous Machiavel to school.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:50.08,0:53:52.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] We may have inherited\Nthis idea of Machiavelli
Dialogue: 0,0:53:52.78,0:53:56.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the devil, but that's\Nnot what the Italians think.
Dialogue: 0,0:53:56.73,0:54:00.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In Florence, his statue\Nstands outside the Uffizi
Dialogue: 0,0:54:00.18,0:54:03.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,alongside the Italian greats.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:03.20,0:54:06.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Prince is even a set text in schools.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:15.33,0:54:17.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- If you think for\Ninstance that it's one of
Dialogue: 0,0:54:17.47,0:54:19.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the three Italian books
Dialogue: 0,0:54:19.45,0:54:21.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,translated all over the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:21.37,0:54:23.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in almost all language in the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:23.85,0:54:26.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the other ones are Dante's, of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:26.82,0:54:30.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,comedy of Dante, and Pinocchio by Collodi.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:30.29,0:54:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So The Prince, Pinocchio and Dante,
Dialogue: 0,0:54:33.92,0:54:37.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the three most translated books.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:37.06,0:54:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is something, don't\Nyou know? (laughing)
Dialogue: 0,0:54:41.00,0:54:42.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] And there's another reason
Dialogue: 0,0:54:42.21,0:54:44.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,why Machiavelli is admired.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:44.12,0:54:46.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ultimately, he was in favor of republics
Dialogue: 0,0:54:46.56,0:54:49.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than inherited rule.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:49.40,0:54:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- He distinguishes between an\Nold prince and a new prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:52.27,0:54:54.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Old princes are people who\Nhave inherited their position.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:54.99,0:54:57.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then there's the new prince\Nwho rises from the bottom.
Dialogue: 0,0:54:57.88,0:55:00.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's completely on the\Nside of the new prince
Dialogue: 0,0:55:00.43,0:55:02.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because he believes that the new prince
Dialogue: 0,0:55:02.42,0:55:06.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,can only rise to the top\Nwith their own energy.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:06.67,0:55:08.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Now one of the interesting\Nthings about The Prince is
Dialogue: 0,0:55:08.35,0:55:10.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's got an irony attached to it.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:10.35,0:55:12.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's saying, if you\Nwant to hold onto power,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:12.76,0:55:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is how to behave.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:14.54,0:55:17.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we can all read it.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:17.08,0:55:21.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it's a book about trickery\Nwhich exposes the tricks.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:21.82,0:55:25.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Here are some different\Ntranslations of The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:25.09,0:55:28.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We really received them from\Nthe many visitors coming here.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:28.75,0:55:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have French, from the Republica Czecha,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:32.70,0:55:34.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in Norwegian,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:34.32,0:55:36.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Oslo, in German,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:36.91,0:55:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Korean, Russian.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:39.76,0:55:42.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A doctor from Israel sent us this.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:43.54,0:55:44.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Chinese.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:44.98,0:55:47.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This we received from Belgrade.
Dialogue: 0,0:55:47.61,0:55:49.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Polish, Japanese,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:50.03,0:55:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finnish, Turkish,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:52.53,0:55:54.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Argentina, Norwegian,
Dialogue: 0,0:55:55.33,0:55:57.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and English of course.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:00.31,0:56:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is his land,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:03.04,0:56:06.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his vineyards, his olive trees,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:06.37,0:56:07.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,his property.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:09.45,0:56:11.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Today\NMachiavelli's house is owned
Dialogue: 0,0:56:11.62,0:56:13.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by a wine company.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:13.24,0:56:15.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Across the road, you can order a Chianti
Dialogue: 0,0:56:15.97,0:56:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from Machiavelli's vineyard.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:18.60,0:56:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's to The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:20.66,0:56:21.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:21.68,0:56:23.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(glasses clinking)
Dialogue: 0,0:56:23.21,0:56:24.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now tell me,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:24.54,0:56:28.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do many people come here to\Nvisit the home of Machiavelli?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:28.37,0:56:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Lucia] Yes, from all over the world.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:31.38,0:56:35.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many years ago, came Tony Blair also.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:35.27,0:56:36.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Really?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:36.10,0:56:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Lucia] Really.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:37.00,0:56:38.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- When did he come here?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:38.47,0:56:40.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Lucia] He came in 1998.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:41.53,0:56:44.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] So just a year\Nafter he came to power.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:44.21,0:56:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Lucia] Yeah, mmm-hmm.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:46.37,0:56:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] Did you take him round the house?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:47.88,0:56:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Si, we went around, and we gave him,
Dialogue: 0,0:56:50.75,0:56:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of course, a copy of The Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:53.36,0:56:54.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Did you really?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:54.23,0:56:55.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Yeah.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:55.06,0:56:56.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In Italian or English?
Dialogue: 0,0:56:56.87,0:56:57.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In Italian.
Dialogue: 0,0:56:58.88,0:57:03.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] But what happened\Nto Machiavelli himself?
Dialogue: 0,0:57:03.08,0:57:05.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The whole of the point of\Nwriting The Prince was to get
Dialogue: 0,0:57:05.10,0:57:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,noticed by the most\Npowerful man in Florence.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:08.33,0:57:11.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Machiavelli totally failed.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:11.20,0:57:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As far as we know,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:12.42,0:57:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Lorenzo the Magnificent never even read it
Dialogue: 0,0:57:15.14,0:57:18.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and Machiavelli never got his job back.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:18.85,0:57:21.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He ended up here on his estate,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:21.17,0:57:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drinking wine and writing books and plays.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:25.70,0:57:28.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In many ways, Machiavelli was a failure.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:28.18,0:57:30.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because he gave advice that other people
Dialogue: 0,0:57:30.46,0:57:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,could never be seen to be taking.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:33.26,0:57:35.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It may well have been very\Nuseful to other people,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:35.25,0:57:36.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the last thing they could do,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:36.52,0:57:38.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,according to his own tenets in the book,
Dialogue: 0,0:57:38.73,0:57:42.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is show that they were taking his advice.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:42.65,0:57:45.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Alan] The biggest\Nirony in this whole story
Dialogue: 0,0:57:45.31,0:57:47.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that Machiavelli himself
Dialogue: 0,0:57:47.32,0:57:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,didn't appear to be in the\Nleast bit Machiavellian.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:52.24,0:57:55.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a letter to a friend,\NMachiavelli once wrote:
Dialogue: 0,0:57:55.72,0:57:58.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"When evening comes I go back home.
Dialogue: 0,0:57:58.40,0:58:00.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I take off my work clothes
Dialogue: 0,0:58:00.19,0:58:03.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"and put on the clothes of an ambassador.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:03.48,0:58:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I enter the ancient courts of rulers.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:06.69,0:58:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I forget every worry.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:08.95,0:58:11.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I'm no longer afraid of poverty
Dialogue: 0,0:58:11.49,0:58:13.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"or frightened of death.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:13.83,0:58:16.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I live entirely through them."
Dialogue: 0,0:58:18.62,0:58:22.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Machiavelli died in 1527 at the age of 58,
Dialogue: 0,0:58:23.10,0:58:27.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,five years before The\NPrince was published.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:27.01,0:58:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Little did he know that 500 years later
Dialogue: 0,0:58:30.38,0:58:33.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what he called his "little\Npamphlet" would remain
Dialogue: 0,0:58:33.64,0:58:37.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the most influential\Nbooks ever written.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:41.57,0:58:43.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Makaveli the Don, till I'm gone
Dialogue: 0,0:58:43.64,0:58:45.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ I maintain my army
Dialogue: 0,0:58:45.19,0:58:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Of lunatics that stay armed
Dialogue: 0,0:58:46.88,0:58:47.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Till the day I die
Dialogue: 0,0:58:47.83,0:58:49.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- [Woman] Alan.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:49.35,0:58:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alan.
Dialogue: 0,0:58:50.91,0:58:52.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about the BBC?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:52.27,0:58:55.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Surely that's a Machiavellian institution?
Dialogue: 0,0:58:57.42,0:59:01.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- You may think that but I\Ncouldn't possibly comment.
Dialogue: 0,0:59:01.47,0:59:02.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ My life in exchange for yours
Dialogue: 0,0:59:02.94,0:59:04.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Born hated as a thug
Dialogue: 0,0:59:04.34,0:59:05.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ House full of babies cryin'
Dialogue: 0,0:59:05.63,0:59:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ From a lack of gettin' love
Dialogue: 0,0:59:06.90,0:59:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Ain't nobody tell me shit
Dialogue: 0,0:59:08.32,0:59:09.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ 'Til I got a sack of drugs
Dialogue: 0,0:59:09.59,0:59:10.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Had the block sewn up
Dialogue: 0,0:59:10.91,0:59:12.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ 'Cause I learned to pack a gun
Dialogue: 0,0:59:12.00,0:59:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,♫ Do you feel me