0:00:12.120,0:00:14.570 It's really really great to be here. 0:00:14.570,0:00:16.960 You have the power to change the world. 0:00:16.960,0:00:19.180 I’m not saying that to be a cliché, 0:00:19.180,0:00:21.656 you really have the power to change the world. 0:00:21.660,0:00:23.846 Deep inside of you, every single one of you [br] 0:00:23.846,0:00:27.460 has the most powerful device known to man. 0:00:27.460,0:00:29.460 And that's an idea. 0:00:29.460,0:00:32.730 So a single idea, from the human mind, 0:00:32.730,0:00:34.620 it could start the ground swell, 0:00:34.620,0:00:37.030 it could be a flash point for a movement, 0:00:37.030,0:00:39.980 and it can actually rewrite our future. 0:00:39.980,0:00:42.830 But an idea is powerless, 0:00:42.830,0:00:44.876 if it stays inside of you. 0:00:44.889,0:00:47.775 If you never pull the idea out [br]for others to contend with, 0:00:47.775,0:00:49.457 it will die with you. 0:00:49.457,0:00:52.970 Now maybe some of you guys [br]are trying to convey your idea, 0:00:52.970,0:00:54.408 and it wasn't adopted and was rejected 0:00:54.408,0:00:58.032 and some other mediocre [br]or average idea was adopted. 0:00:58.032,0:01:02.010 And the only difference between those two [br]is in the way it was communicated. 0:01:02.010,0:01:04.915 Because if you communicate an idea [br]in a way that resonates, 0:01:04.915,0:01:08.495 change will happen, and you can change the world. 0:01:08.510,0:01:11.143 In my family, we collect these vintage European posters. 0:01:11.143,0:01:13.532 Every time we go to Maui, we go to the dealer there, 0:01:13.532,0:01:15.468 and he turns these great big posters. 0:01:15.468,0:01:17.350 I love them. They all have one idea, 0:01:17.350,0:01:19.900 and one really clear visual that conveys the idea. 0:01:19.900,0:01:22.120 They are about the size of a mattress. [br]They are really big, 0:01:22.120,0:01:24.730 they're not as thick as a mattress, but they are big. 0:01:24.730,0:01:26.990 And the guy will tell the stories as he turns the pages. 0:01:27.020,0:01:29.401 And there was one time [br]I was flanked by my two kids, 0:01:29.401,0:01:32.790 and he turns the page [br]and there's a poster underneath, 0:01:32.790,0:01:34.790 and right when I leaned forward and say, 0:01:34.790,0:01:37.260 "Oh my god, I love this poster," 0:01:37.260,0:01:40.271 both of my kids jumped back and they are like [br]"Oh my god, mom, it's you." 0:01:40.277,0:01:43.575 And that was this poster. (Laughter) 0:01:43.590,0:01:45.520 See I'm like "Fire it up!" 0:01:45.520,0:01:48.230 The thing I loved about this poster was the irony. 0:01:48.230,0:01:50.568 Here is a chick all fired up, headed into battle, 0:01:50.568,0:01:52.071 -- as the standard there, -- 0:01:52.071,0:01:55.050 and she's holding this little Suavitos baking spices, 0:01:55.050,0:01:58.030 like something so seemingly insignificant, 0:01:58.030,0:02:00.030 though she's willing to risk, you know, 0:02:00.030,0:02:02.500 life and limb to promote this thing. 0:02:02.508,0:02:03.888 So if you are to swap out, [br] 0:02:03.888,0:02:06.337 swap out those little Suavitos baking spices 0:02:06.337,0:02:07.740 with a presentation. 0:02:07.740,0:02:10.090 Yeah, it's me, pretty fired up. 0:02:10.090,0:02:11.878 I was fired up about presentations back. 0:02:11.878,0:02:14.885 It wasn't cool to be fired up about presentations. 0:02:14.885,0:02:17.280 I really think they have the power to change the world 0:02:17.280,0:02:19.755 when you communicate effectively through them. 0:02:19.770,0:02:22.050 And changing the world is hard. 0:02:22.050,0:02:25.530 It won't happen with just one person [br]with one single idea. 0:02:25.530,0:02:28.880 That idea has got to spread,[br]or it won't be effective. 0:02:28.880,0:02:30.747 So it has to come out of you 0:02:30.747,0:02:33.952 and out into the open for people to see. 0:02:33.952,0:02:38.680 And the way that ideas are conveyed [br]the most effectively is through story. 0:02:38.680,0:02:41.560 You know, for the thousand of years, [br]illiterate generations 0:02:41.569,0:02:45.310 would pass on their values and their culture [br]from generation to generation, 0:02:45.310,0:02:47.200 and they would stay intact. 0:02:47.200,0:02:49.820 So there's something kind of magical [br]about a story structure 0:02:49.820,0:02:52.230 that makes it so that when it's assembled, 0:02:52.230,0:02:54.361 it can be ingested and then recalled [br] 0:02:54.361,0:02:56.967 by the person who's receiving it. 0:02:56.967,0:03:00.850 So basically a story, [br]you get a physical reaction, 0:03:00.850,0:03:03.860 your heart can race,[br]your eyes can dilate, 0:03:03.860,0:03:06.431 you could talk about,[br]"Oh I got a chill down my spine" 0:03:06.431,0:03:08.028 or, "I could feel it in the pit of my stomach". 0:03:08.028,0:03:11.550 We actually physically react [br]when someone is telling us a story. 0:03:11.550,0:03:13.953 So even though the stage is the same, [br]a story can be told, 0:03:13.953,0:03:16.710 but once a presentation is told, [br]it completely flat lines. 0:03:16.710,0:03:18.245 And I wanted to figure out why. 0:03:18.245,0:03:21.848 Why is it that we physically sit [br]with wrapped attention during a story, 0:03:21.848,0:03:24.299 but it just dies for a presentation. 0:03:24.299,0:03:28.180 So I wanted to figure out how do you incorporate [br]story into presentations. 0:03:28.180,0:03:30.470 So we've had thousands of presentations 0:03:30.470,0:03:33.111 back at the shop hundreds of thousands [br]of presentations actually, 0:03:33.111,0:03:36.015 so I knew the contexts [br]of the really bad presentations. 0:03:36.029,0:03:38.740 I decided to study cinema, and literature, 0:03:38.749,0:03:41.141 and really dig in and figure out [br]what was going on 0:03:41.141,0:03:43.198 and why it was broken. 0:03:43.198,0:03:46.117 So, I want to show you some of the findings 0:03:46.117,0:03:50.546 that led up to what I think of, [br]I've been covered as a presentation form.[br] 0:03:50.546,0:03:52.460 So it is obvious to start with Aristotle, 0:03:52.460,0:03:53.816 he had a three acts structure, 0:03:53.816,0:03:54.938 a beginning, a middle and an end, 0:03:54.938,0:03:57.147 studied poetics and rhetoric, 0:03:57.147,0:04:00.650 and a lot of presentations don't even have that [br]in its most simple form. 0:04:00.650,0:04:03.400 When I moved on to studying hero archetypes 0:04:03.400,0:04:05.208 I thought, OK, the presenter is the hero, [br] 0:04:05.208,0:04:07.464 they are up on the stage,[br]they're the star of the show. 0:04:07.464,0:04:10.720 It's really easy to feel that way as the presenter[br]that you are the star of the show. 0:04:10.720,0:04:13.240 I realized right away,[br]that that's really broken. 0:04:13.240,0:04:16.780 Because I have an idea,[br]I can put it out there, 0:04:16.780,0:04:19.460 but if you guys don't grab that idea [br]and hold it as dear, 0:04:19.460,0:04:21.980 that ideas go nowhere [br]and the world is never changed. 0:04:21.980,0:04:24.242 So in reality, the presenter isn't the hero, [br] 0:04:24.242,0:04:27.085 the audience is the hero of our idea. 0:04:27.085,0:04:29.530 So if you look at Joseph Campbell's Hero's Journey, 0:04:29.530,0:04:32.750 just in the front part, there was some [br]really interesting insights there. 0:04:32.750,0:04:35.400 So there is this likable hero in an ordinary world, 0:04:35.400,0:04:37.120 and they get this call to adventure. 0:04:37.120,0:04:38.684 So the world is kind of brought out of balance. 0:04:38.684,0:04:40.680 And at first they're resistant, 0:04:40.680,0:04:43.037 they're like "I don't know if I want to jump into this" 0:04:43.037,0:04:44.315 and then the mentor comes along 0:04:44.315,0:04:46.788 and helps him move from the ordinary world 0:04:46.788,0:04:48.203 into a special world. 0:04:48.203,0:04:50.220 And that's the role of the presenter. 0:04:50.220,0:04:53.120 It's to be the mentor. [br]You are not Luke Skywalker, you're Yoda. 0:04:53.120,0:04:55.219 You're the one that actually helps the audience 0:04:55.219,0:04:59.333 move from one thing and into a new special idea, 0:04:59.333,0:05:01.400 and that's the power of the story. 0:05:01.400,0:05:05.810 So in its most simple structure, [br]it's a three part structure of the story. 0:05:05.810,0:05:08.630 You have a likable hero, who has a desire, 0:05:08.630,0:05:11.480 they encounter a roadblock, and ultimately 0:05:11.480,0:05:15.156 they emerge, transform, [br]and that's the basic structure. 0:05:15.157,0:05:18.900 But it wasn't until I came across [br]a Gustav Freytag's pyramid 0:05:18.900,0:05:21.664 -- he drew this shape in 1863. 0:05:21.664,0:05:24.015 Now he was a German dramatist, 0:05:24.023,0:05:26.326 -- he was a German dramatist -- 0:05:26.326,0:05:29.114 and he believed there's a five act structure, 0:05:29.114,0:05:34.913 which has an exposition, a rising action, [br]a climax, a falling action and a denouement, 0:05:34.913,0:05:38.080 which is the unraveling or the resolution of the story. 0:05:38.080,0:05:39.972 I love this shape. So we talk about shapes. [br] 0:05:39.972,0:05:42.596 Story has an arc or arc is a shape. 0:05:42.596,0:05:46.037 We talk about classical music, [br]having a shapeliness to it. 0:05:46.052,0:05:49.710 So I thought, hey, if presentations had a shape, [br]what would that shape be? 0:05:49.710,0:05:52.910 And how did the greatest communicators [br]use that shape 0:05:52.910,0:05:54.277 or do they use a shape? 0:05:54.277,0:05:56.430 So I'll never forget it was a Saturday morning. 0:05:56.430,0:05:58.817 After all this study, [br]-- it was a couple of years of study -- 0:05:58.817,0:06:00.214 I drew a shape. 0:06:00.214,0:06:01.242 And I was like, 0:06:01.242,0:06:02.776 "Oh my gosh, if this shape is real, 0:06:02.776,0:06:05.614 I should be able to take [br]two completely different presentations, 0:06:05.614,0:06:07.966 and overlay it and it should be true." 0:06:07.966,0:06:09.269 So I took the obvious, 0:06:09.269,0:06:11.371 I took Martin Luther King's[br]"I Have a Dream" speech, 0:06:11.371,0:06:14.290 and I took Steve Jobs' 2007 iPhone launch speech, 0:06:14.290,0:06:16.440 I overlaid over it, and it worked. 0:06:16.440,0:06:19.950 I sat in my office, just astounded. [br]I actually cried a little, 0:06:19.950,0:06:22.940 because I was like,[br]"I've been given this gift," 0:06:22.940,0:06:24.066 and here it is, 0:06:24.066,0:06:27.340 this is the shape of a great presentation. 0:06:27.340,0:06:31.380 Aren't they amazing? [br](Mock sob; laughter) I was crying. 0:06:31.380,0:06:33.930 So I want to walk you through it, [br]'cause it's actually pretty astounding. 0:06:33.930,0:06:36.250 There is a beginning, a middle and an end [br]and I want to walk you through it. 0:06:36.250,0:06:40.100 Because the greatest communicators of all times, [br]-- I went through the speeches, everything, -- 0:06:40.100,0:06:41.360 actually I can overlay the shape. 0:06:41.360,0:06:44.010 Even you get this blog address [br]and it follows the shape. 0:06:44.010,0:06:47.580 So the beginning of any presentation, [br]you need to establish what is. 0:06:47.580,0:06:50.040 You know here's status quo,[br]here's what's going on. 0:06:50.040,0:06:52.620 And you need to compare that to what could be. 0:06:52.620,0:06:55.530 Now you need to make that gap as big as possible, 0:06:55.530,0:06:59.394 because there is this commonplace of the status quo, 0:06:59.394,0:07:02.260 and you need to contrast that [br]with the loftiness of your idea. 0:07:02.260,0:07:04.445 So it's like you know, here's the past, [br]here's the present, 0:07:04.445,0:07:06.628 but look at our future. 0:07:06.628,0:07:07.948 Here's a problem, [br] 0:07:07.948,0:07:09.745 but look at that problem removed. 0:07:09.745,0:07:11.066 Here's a roadblock, 0:07:11.066,0:07:12.757 let's annihilate the roadblock. 0:07:12.757,0:07:14.850 You need to really amplify that gap. 0:07:14.850,0:07:17.700 This would be like the inciting incident in a movie. 0:07:17.700,0:07:21.010 That's when suddenly the audience [br]has to contend with what you just put out there 0:07:21.010,0:07:22.166 and they have to say "Wow, 0:07:22.166,0:07:24.360 do I want to agree with this and align with it or not?" 0:07:24.360,0:07:27.708 And in the rest your presentation should support that. 0:07:27.708,0:07:30.319 So the middle goes back and forth, 0:07:30.319,0:07:33.730 it traverses between what is and what could be, [br]what is and what could be. 0:07:33.730,0:07:35.130 Because what you are trying to do 0:07:35.130,0:07:38.169 is make the status quo abnormal, unappealing, 0:07:38.169,0:07:42.933 and you're wanting to draw them towards [br]what could be in the future with your idea adopted. 0:07:42.933,0:07:45.990 Now, on your way to change the world, [br]people are gonna resist, 0:07:45.990,0:07:48.310 they are not going to be excited, [br]they may love the world the way it is. 0:07:48.310,0:07:49.970 So you'll encounter resistance. 0:07:49.970,0:07:51.932 That's why you have to move back and forth, [br] 0:07:51.932,0:07:54.110 that's similar to sailing. 0:07:54.110,0:07:57.519 When you're sailing and against the wind, [br]and there is wind resistance, 0:07:57.519,0:08:00.870 you have to move your boat back and forth, [br]and back and forth. 0:08:00.870,0:08:02.513 That's when you capture the wind. 0:08:02.513,0:08:06.030 You have to actually capture the resistance [br]coming against you when you are sailing. 0:08:06.030,0:08:10.180 Now interesting, if you capture the wind just right, [br]and you set yourself just right, 0:08:10.180,0:08:12.496 your ship will actually sail faster than the wind itself 0:08:12.496,0:08:14.322 -- it is a physics phenomenon. 0:08:14.322,0:08:17.889 So by planting in there, the way they're gonna resist between what is and what can be, 0:08:17.889,0:08:22.866 is actually going to draw them towards your idea [br]quicker than should you not do that. 0:08:22.866,0:08:26.440 So after you've moved back and forth [br]between what is and what could be, 0:08:26.440,0:08:30.195 the last turning point is a call-to-action [br]which every presentation should have 0:08:30.195,0:08:31.736 -- but at the very end. 0:08:31.736,0:08:33.658 You need to describe the world is in new bliss, 0:08:33.658,0:08:36.120 this is utopia with my idea adopted. 0:08:36.120,0:08:37.543 This is the way the world is going to look, [br] 0:08:37.543,0:08:40.228 when we join together and we solve this big problem. 0:08:40.228,0:08:42.566 You need to use that as your ending, [br] 0:08:42.566,0:08:45.704 in a very poetic and a dramatic way. 0:08:45.704,0:08:48.765 So, interestingly, when I was done,[br]I was like, "You know what? 0:08:48.765,0:08:51.613 I could use this as an analysis tool. 0:08:51.613,0:08:53.770 I actually transcribe speeches 0:08:53.770,0:08:55.444 and I would actually map out, 0:08:55.444,0:08:57.320 how much they map to this tool. 0:08:57.320,0:08:58.894 So I want to show you some of that. 0:08:58.894,0:09:02.388 Today I’m gonna start with the very two people[br]that I used when I first did. 0:09:02.411,0:09:05.400 Here's Mr. Jobs, completely has changed the world. 0:09:05.400,0:09:08.295 Changed the world of personal computing, [br]he has changed the music industry, 0:09:08.304,0:09:10.440 and now he is on his way to change the device, 0:09:10.440,0:09:11.630 the mobile device industry. 0:09:11.630,0:09:12.960 So he has definitely changed the world. 0:09:12.960,0:09:16.546 And this is the shape of his iPhone launch 2007, 0:09:16.546,0:09:17.526 when he launched his iPhone. 0:09:17.526,0:09:20.607 It's a ninety-minute-talk and you can see [br]he starts with what is, 0:09:20.607,0:09:24.027 traverses back and forth and ends with what could be. 0:09:24.027,0:09:26.185 So I want to zoom in on this: 0:09:26.194,0:09:29.628 the white line is him speaking, he's talking. 0:09:29.628,0:09:33.200 And the next color line you see popped up there, [br]that is when he cuts to video. 0:09:33.200,0:09:35.350 So he's adding some variety and he cuts to demo. 0:09:35.350,0:09:37.640 So it's not just him talking the whole time. 0:09:37.640,0:09:40.696 And these lines are representative there. 0:09:40.696,0:09:44.313 And then towards the end you'll see a blue line, [br]which will be the guest speaker. 0:09:44.313,0:09:46.513 So this is where it gets kind of interesting: 0:09:46.513,0:09:49.362 every tick mark here is when he made them laugh. 0:09:49.362,0:09:51.780 And every tick mark here is when he made them clap. 0:09:51.780,0:09:53.870 They are so involved physically, 0:09:53.870,0:09:57.650 they are physically reacting to what he is saying, [br]which is actually fantastic, 0:09:57.650,0:10:00.830 because then now you have the audience [br]in your hand. 0:10:00.830,0:10:03.680 So he kicks off what could be, 0:10:03.680,0:10:07.120 with "This is a day I've been looking forward to [br]for two and a half years." 0:10:07.120,0:10:08.630 So he is launching a product [br] 0:10:08.630,0:10:10.490 that is known about already for a couple of years. 0:10:10.490,0:10:12.120 So this is not a new product to him. 0:10:12.120,0:10:14.120 But look at this, he does this other thing: 0:10:14.120,0:10:15.500 he marvels. 0:10:15.500,0:10:16.962 He marvels at his own product. 0:10:16.962,0:10:20.203 He marvels himself [br]more than the audience laughs or claps. 0:10:20.203,0:10:23.690 So he is like, "Isn't this awesome? [br]Isn't this beautiful?" 0:10:23.690,0:10:27.230 He is modeling for the audience [br]what he wants them to feel. 0:10:27.230,0:10:31.770 So he is actually doing a job of compelling them [br]to feel a certain way. 0:10:31.770,0:10:33.990 So he kicks off with what could be, 0:10:33.990,0:10:38.590 with "Every once in a while, a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything." 0:10:38.590,0:10:41.010 Se he starts to kick in and talk about his new product. 0:10:41.010,0:10:44.060 Now at the beginning of it, [br]he actually keeps the phone off. 0:10:44.060,0:10:47.210 You'll see that the line is [br]pretty wide up until this point, 0:10:47.210,0:10:51.850 so he goes off between "Here's this new phone [br]and here's the sucking competitors. 0:10:51.850,0:10:54.790 Here's this new phone [br]and here's the sucking competitors." 0:10:54.790,0:10:57.583 And then, right about here, he has the star moment 0:10:57.583,0:10:59.672 -- and that something we'll always remember. 0:10:59.672,0:11:01.193 He does, he turns the phone on. [br] 0:11:01.193,0:11:03.002 The audience is scrolling for the first time, 0:11:03.002,0:11:04.752 you can hear the oxygen is sucked out of the room. 0:11:04.752,0:11:06.720 They gasped. You can actually hear it. 0:11:06.720,0:11:09.110 So he creates a moment that we'll always remember. 0:11:09.110,0:11:11.594 So if we move along with this model, [br]you can see the blue 0:11:11.594,0:11:13.362 -- where the external speakers are going in -- 0:11:13.362,0:11:16.102 and then over towards the bottom right, [br]the line breaks. 0:11:16.102,0:11:18.010 That's because of his clickers broke. 0:11:18.010,0:11:20.852 So what is he doing? He wants to keep [br]this heightened sense of excitement. 0:11:20.852,0:11:22.560 He tells a personal story, 0:11:22.560,0:11:24.630 right there, when the technology did not work. 0:11:24.630,0:11:26.782 'Cause he is a master communicator [br]and he turns the story 0:11:26.782,0:11:28.826 to keep the audience involved. 0:11:28.826,0:11:31.730 So at that top right he ends with the new bliss. 0:11:31.730,0:11:33.091 He leaves them with the promise 0:11:33.091,0:11:36.560 that Apple will continue to build[br]revolutionary new products. 0:11:36.560,0:11:38.700 And he says, 0:11:38.700,0:11:41.210 "There's an old Wayne Gretzky quote that I love: 0:11:41.210,0:11:43.760 'I skate to where the puck is going to be, [br]not to where it has been.' 0:11:43.760,0:11:47.709 We've always tried to do that at Apple [br]at the very very beginning, we always will." 0:11:47.709,0:11:49.742 So he ends with the new bliss. 0:11:49.742,0:11:51.510 So lets look at Mr. King. 0:11:51.510,0:11:54.030 He was an amazing visionary, he's a clergyman, 0:11:54.030,0:11:56.810 who spent his life working hard for equality. 0:11:56.810,0:11:59.500 And this is the shape of the "I Have a Dream" speech. 0:11:59.500,0:12:00.730 You can see he starts with 'what is', 0:12:00.730,0:12:03.365 moves back and forth between what is [br]and what could be, 0:12:03.365,0:12:07.940 and ends with a very poetic new bliss, [br]which is the famous part we all know. 0:12:07.940,0:12:11.742 So when we spread out a little bit here, [br]stretch it for ya', 0:12:11.742,0:12:14.141 and what I'm doing here is[br]I put the actual transcript there 0:12:14.141,0:12:16.689 along with the text.[br]I know you can't read it. 0:12:16.689,0:12:19.098 But at the end of every line break, [br]I broke the line there, 0:12:19.098,0:12:21.603 because he took a breath and he paused. 0:12:21.603,0:12:24.540 Now he was a southern Baptist preacher, [br]most people haven't heard that, 0:12:24.540,0:12:26.229 so he had a real cadence and a rhythm, 0:12:26.229,0:12:28.042 that was really new for people there. 0:12:28.042,0:12:30.870 So I want to cover up these lines of texts with a bar 0:12:30.870,0:12:34.450 'cause I want to use this bar [br]as an information device here. 0:12:34.450,0:12:37.790 So let's walk through [br]how he actually spoke to the people. 0:12:38.650,0:12:41.022 The blue bars here are going to be when he used [br] 0:12:41.022,0:12:42.955 the actual rhetorical device of repetition. 0:12:42.955,0:12:44.165 So he was repeating himself, 0:12:44.165,0:12:46.440 he was using the same words and phrases, 0:12:46.440,0:12:49.020 so people could remember and recall them. 0:12:49.020,0:12:52.040 But he also used a lot of metaphors and visual words. 0:12:52.040,0:12:54.485 This was a way to take really complicated ideas 0:12:54.485,0:12:57.416 and make it memorable, and knowledgeable, [br]so people got it. 0:12:57.416,0:12:58.918 He actually created very -- 0:12:58.918,0:13:01.495 almost like scenes with his words to make it, 0:13:01.495,0:13:03.953 so they could envision what he was saying. 0:13:03.953,0:13:07.210 And then there were also a lot of familiar songs [br]and scriptures that he used. 0:13:07.219,0:13:09.300 This is just a front end of it that you are seeing. 0:13:09.300,0:13:14.300 And then he also made a lot of political references [br]of the promises that were made to the people. 0:13:14.300,0:13:17.020 So if you look at the very first end of 'what is', 0:13:17.020,0:13:22.190 at the very end of 'what is' was the very first time [br]that people actually clapped and roared really loud. 0:13:22.190,0:13:24.185 So the end of 'what is', what he did is, he said, 0:13:24.185,0:13:26.352 "America has given the Negro people a bad check, 0:13:26.352,0:13:28.980 a check which has come back[br]marked insufficient funds." 0:13:28.980,0:13:31.630 Well, everyone knows what is like [br]to not have money in your account. 0:13:31.630,0:13:34.880 So he used the metaphor [br]people were very familiar with. 0:13:34.880,0:13:39.180 But when they really charged up, [br]the very first time they really screamed was: 0:13:39.180,0:13:41.240 "So we have come to cash this check, 0:13:41.254,0:13:46.170 a check that will give us upon demand [br]the riches of freedom and the security of justice." 0:13:46.170,0:13:47.675 That's when they really clapped. 0:13:47.683,0:13:50.710 It was when he compared[br]what currently is to what could be. 0:13:50.710,0:13:53.277 So when we move along a little farther in the model, 0:13:53.277,0:13:56.417 you'll see it goes back and forth [br]in a more frenzy pace. 0:13:56.417,0:13:58.759 And this is when he goes [br]back and forth, and back and forth, 0:13:58.759,0:14:00.950 now the audience was in a frenzy. 0:14:00.950,0:14:03.179 You know, they were all excited, [br]and so you can actually do this 0:14:03.179,0:14:06.408 to keep them in a heightened sense of excitement. 0:14:06.408,0:14:08.900 So he says, "I have a dream 0:14:08.900,0:14:13.800 that one day this nation will rise up [br]and live out the meaning of its creed. 0:14:13.800,0:14:17.247 We hold these truth to be self-evident, [br]that all men are created equal." 0:14:17.247,0:14:20.338 'Cause you see he used little orange text there [br]to remind them of the promise 0:14:20.338,0:14:23.480 that politicians had made to him [br]or that this country had made. 0:14:23.480,0:14:25.194 Then he moves back and forth between [br] 0:14:25.194,0:14:28.691 "I have a dream that one day, [br]I have a dream that one day, 0:14:28.691,0:14:32.020 I have a dream that one day", [br]and at the end, it gets really interesting here. 0:14:32.020,0:14:34.740 Because he uses, [br]you can look at four shades of green, 0:14:34.740,0:14:37.520 there are lots of blue there, [br]which was a lot of repetition, 0:14:37.520,0:14:39.520 he had a heightened sense of repetition. 0:14:39.520,0:14:42.860 And green was a heightened sense [br]of songs and scriptures. 0:14:42.860,0:14:47.260 So with the first batch of green was [br]the actual scripture from the book of Isaiah. 0:14:47.260,0:14:50.510 The second batch of green was [br]"My Country, 'Tis of Thee." 0:14:50.510,0:14:53.788 Now, that's a familiar song [br]that was specifically very significant 0:14:53.788,0:14:55.064 for the black people at the time, 0:14:55.064,0:14:59.790 because this song was the song [br]they chose to change the words to as an outcry, 0:14:59.790,0:15:02.200 saying promises had not been kept. 0:15:02.200,0:15:06.380 So the third batch of green was actually [br]a stanza from "My Country, 'Tis of Thee." 0:15:06.380,0:15:09.130 And the forth was a Negro's spiritual. 0:15:09.130,0:15:12.310 "Free at last! Free at last! [br]Thank God Almighty, I'm free at last!" 0:15:12.310,0:15:17.010 So what he did is he actually reached inside [br]of the hearts of the audience. 0:15:17.010,0:15:19.059 He pulled from scriptures what is important. [br] 0:15:19.059,0:15:21.171 He pulled from songs that they'd sung together, 0:15:21.171,0:15:24.423 as an outcry against this outrage [br]and he used those as a device 0:15:24.423,0:15:26.420 to connect and resonate with the audience. 0:15:26.420,0:15:28.939 Ending, painting a picture of this new bliss, 0:15:28.939,0:15:33.550 using the very things inside of them [br]that they already held as sacred. 0:15:33.550,0:15:36.630 So he was a great man.[br]He had a big big dream. 0:15:36.630,0:15:39.340 There's a lot of people here,[br]you guys have really big dreams. (Laughter) 0:15:39.340,0:15:40.965 The really big ideas inside of you[br] 0:15:40.965,0:15:43.557 that you need to get out.[br]But you know what? 0:15:43.557,0:15:47.450 We encounter hardships. It's not easy [br]to change the world, it's a big job. 0:15:47.450,0:15:49.189 And you know he was -- 0:15:49.189,0:15:51.107 his house was bombed,[br]he was stubbed with a letter opener, 0:15:51.107,0:15:52.890 ultimately lost his life, 0:15:52.890,0:15:54.996 you know, for what he cared about. 0:15:55.001,0:15:59.480 But you know lot of us aren't gonna be required [br]to pay that kind of a sacrifice, 0:15:59.480,0:16:02.041 but what happens is that it basically 0:16:02.041,0:16:05.491 is a little bit like that basic story structure. [br]Life can be like that. 0:16:05.491,0:16:07.644 You know you guys are all likable people, 0:16:07.644,0:16:10.169 you have a desire, you encounter roadblocks, 0:16:10.169,0:16:12.270 and we stop there. 0:16:12.270,0:16:14.404 We're just like, you know, [br]"I had this idea, 0:16:14.404,0:16:16.186 but I'm not gonna put it out there. 0:16:16.186,0:16:17.370 It's been rejected." 0:16:17.370,0:16:21.450 You know -- we self sabotage our own ideas, 0:16:21.450,0:16:24.443 we just butt up against roadblocks, [br]and butt up against roadblocks 0:16:24.443,0:16:27.143 instead of choosing [br]to let the struggle transform us 0:16:27.143,0:16:31.055 and choosing to go ahead [br]and have a dream and make it real. 0:16:31.055,0:16:32.999 And you know, it's anyone, 0:16:32.999,0:16:35.091 if I can do this, anybody can do this. 0:16:35.091,0:16:38.970 I was raised in an economically [br]and emotionally starved environment. 0:16:38.970,0:16:42.750 First time I got to go to a camp [br]with my sister I was abused, 0:16:42.750,0:16:46.160 wasn't the first time I was abused, [br]though, it was just the most aggressive. 0:16:46.160,0:16:49.571 And my mom and dad [br]-- they married each other three times, 0:16:49.571,0:16:53.042 yeah, that was tumultuous [br]and when they weren't fighting 0:16:53.042,0:16:55.625 they were helping sober up some alcoholic[br]that was living with us 0:16:55.625,0:16:57.530 because they were both sober alcoholics. 0:16:57.530,0:17:00.440 So my mom abandoned us [br]when I was sixteen years old. 0:17:00.440,0:17:03.820 And I took on a role of caretaker [br]of my home and of my siblings. 0:17:03.820,0:17:07.200 And I married. I met a man. 0:17:07.200,0:17:09.570 Fell in love. I went to a year of college. 0:17:09.570,0:17:11.940 I did what every single bright young girl should do, 0:17:11.940,0:17:14.320 it's I got married when I was eighteen years old. 0:17:14.320,0:17:15.888 And you know what? 0:17:15.888,0:17:19.939 I knew, I knew, [br]that I was born for more than this. 0:17:19.939,0:17:23.330 And right at the point in the story of my life [br]I had a choice. 0:17:23.330,0:17:26.068 I could let all these things push me down 0:17:26.068,0:17:28.682 and I could let all my ideas die inside of me. 0:17:28.682,0:17:30.709 I could just say, you know,[br]life is too hard to change the world. 0:17:30.709,0:17:32.250 It's just too tough. 0:17:32.250,0:17:35.360 But I chose a different story for my life. 0:17:35.360,0:17:39.440 Don't you know it? (Laughter) 0:17:39.440,0:17:43.910 And so I feel like there's people in this room, [br]you got this little Suavitos baking spices 0:17:43.910,0:17:46.253 and you just like you know it's not that big a deal. 0:17:46.253,0:17:48.880 It's really not the whole world I can change. 0:17:48.880,0:17:50.383 But you know you can change your world. [br] 0:17:50.383,0:17:52.579 You can change your life. You can change 0:17:52.579,0:17:54.192 the world that you have control on,[br] 0:17:54.192,0:17:55.945 you can change your sphere. 0:17:55.945,0:17:58.100 I want to encourage you to do that. 0:17:58.100,0:17:59.783 Because you know what? 0:17:59.783,0:18:03.127 The future isn't a place that we're going to go. 0:18:03.127,0:18:06.380 It's a place that you get to create. 0:18:06.380,0:18:08.433 I want to thank you. (Applause) 0:18:08.433,0:18:11.780 Bless you. God bless you. Thank you.