[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.37,0:00:02.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Water is a crucial \Nbuilding block for life,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.45,0:00:05.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for farming, for food, and for showers.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.37,0:00:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Often water comes from far away.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.74,0:00:10.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example,\Nover half of Southern California's water
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.28,0:00:12.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is pumped out of\Nthe Colorado River.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.58,0:00:15.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is then transported up\Nand over a mountain range
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.12,0:00:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to be used in cities and farms
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.91,0:00:19.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But as rainfall and\Ntemperatures change,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.100,0:00:21.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scientists are seeing a \Nmegadrought
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.97,0:00:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,emerging the American West.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.74,0:00:25.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And much of that long-term \Ndrought
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.37,0:00:26.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is centered right over\Nthe Colorado River.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.19,0:00:28.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Which means giant cities\Nlike L.A.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.61,0:00:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and rural farms alike\Ncould see a strain
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.48,0:00:31.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on their water supply.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.91,0:00:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this episode, we'll learn\Nwhy this drought is so bad
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.68,0:00:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and find out what lessons we\Ncan learn
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.55,0:00:38.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from people who've\Nlived in the Southwest
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.86,0:00:40.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for thousands of years.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:45.46,0:00:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A drainage basin is\Nan area
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.75,0:00:48.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where precipitation\Ncollects
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.20,0:00:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and runs into a\Nparticular body of water.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.75,0:00:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The basin in the\NColorado River
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.26,0:00:54.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,spans seven States and\Ntwo countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.14,0:00:56.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,40 million people\Ncount on it's water
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.65,0:00:59.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what happens when rivers dry up
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.00,0:01:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the water you're counting on \Ndoesn't come.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.58,0:01:03.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To understand,\NI first asked
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.22,0:01:05.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,water and drought scientist,\NBrad Udall, what's going on.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.22,0:01:09.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In 2000, a drought began\Nthat now 20 years later
Dialogue: 0,0:01:10.34,0:01:12.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the most severe\Ndrought
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.50,0:01:14.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,since gauges were\Ninstalled on the river
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.82,0:01:17.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in 1906 in some places.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.75,0:01:20.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The flow is down\Nabout 20%.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.85,0:01:22.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drought is usually\Ndefined
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.13,0:01:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a period of \Nabnormally low rainfall
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.16,0:01:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,leading to a shortage\Nof water.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.76,0:01:28.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But Brad told me\Nthat this drought is a bit different.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.28,0:01:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's because while\Nrain is down,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.20,0:01:32.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that doesn't fully \Naccount for the low water levels
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.34,0:01:35.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,-We now actually have a new\Nterm for this
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.26,0:01:36.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's a hot drought.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.45,0:01:38.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So higher temperatures dry out the earth.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.34,0:01:41.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what we're finding is\Nthat higher temperatures
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.89,0:01:44.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,lead to greater evaporation\Nin all its forms.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.24,0:01:49.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that evaporation is the\Ncause of this decline in flow.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.16,0:01:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In other words, as temperatures\Nincrease over time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.71,0:01:53.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the process of evaporation
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.37,0:01:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,takes more water away\Nfrom rivers, lakes
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.40,0:01:57.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and snow-capped mountains.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.27,0:01:59.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This helps explain why river flow
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.10,0:02:01.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the Colorado basin is down 20%
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.14,0:02:03.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite precipitation only\Nbeing down by 5%.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.15,0:02:05.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And droughts do end,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.58,0:02:07.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but according to many scientists
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.67,0:02:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,waiting for rain in this case\Nis probably not a good idea.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.72,0:02:12.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The term "drought" implies
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.68,0:02:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some kind of return\Nto normal at some point.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.94,0:02:17.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drought implies temporary,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.34,0:02:19.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and most scientists nowadays \Nhave started talking
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.68,0:02:22.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about the aridification of the West,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.74,0:02:26.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning a more permanent\Nmove to a dry state.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.49,0:02:34.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(car engine roaring)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.06,0:02:36.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Few people understand
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.22,0:02:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the threat of drought\Nbetter than Nancy Caywood.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.50,0:02:40.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She's a fifth generation\Nfarmer in Pinal County
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.56,0:02:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where water either comes\Nfrom the Colorado River
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.17,0:02:44.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through the Central Arizona Project canals
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.67,0:02:47.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or from other rivers and\Ncanals in the Colorado basin.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.44,0:02:49.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This represents liquid gold.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.11,0:02:51.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is our water supply right here.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.03,0:02:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We take it out, there's a gate right there
Dialogue: 0,0:02:52.90,0:02:54.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it goes down a little lateral canal
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.66,0:02:55.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that takes it right to our farm.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.83,0:02:57.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm gonna open up this gate,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.47,0:02:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have the gate open,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.07,0:03:01.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we'll open four of them,\Nallow the water to flow in.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.31,0:03:07.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have about 135 acres of alfalfa.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.57,0:03:09.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This is an example of flood irrigation,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.84,0:03:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the oldest and most\Ncommon irrigation methods
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.26,0:03:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which distributes water over the soil
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.11,0:03:16.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by allowing it to flow\Ndownhill with gravity.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.94,0:03:19.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a beautiful simplicity to it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.36,0:03:22.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's actually the least\Nefficient way to irrigate
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.15,0:03:24.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as much of the water\Neither evaporates away
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.05,0:03:26.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or seeps into the soil out of\Nreach of the plants' roots.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.12,0:03:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And on top of that, alfalfa\Nis a very thirsty crop,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.26,0:03:33.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which means the beef that\Ncomes from the cattle it feeds
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.20,0:03:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the highest water use\Nfood commonly available.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.66,0:03:38.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drip and sprinkler irrigation\Ncan be much more efficient,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.16,0:03:40.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but Nancy told us she's not been able
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.44,0:03:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get the permits needed
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.97,0:03:44.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to change the irrigation\Nstyle on the farm.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.09,0:03:46.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the Caywood alfalfa\Nfields are in good company.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.48,0:03:48.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,60% of farmland in the Colorado basin
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.00,0:03:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is used to grow feed crops.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.42,0:03:53.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Combine all that demand,\Nand here in Pinal County
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.23,0:03:55.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is where the drought hits home.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.43,0:03:58.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The last time the reservoir\Nwas full was in 1992.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.77,0:04:02.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One year, we had nothing\Nplanted on this farm at all.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.28,0:04:04.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- In 2019 water in Lake Mead,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.14,0:04:06.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the nation's largest\Nreservoir, dropped so low
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.78,0:04:08.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it triggered the first cutbacks
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.27,0:04:10.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in water allocations ever in the basin.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.70,0:04:12.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Pinal County farmers were the first
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.49,0:04:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to have their water reduced.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.99,0:04:17.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fields lay fallow, prepped\Nand ready, but unplanted.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.02,0:04:19.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- This is a fallow field
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.64,0:04:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we just didn't have\Nenough water to plant it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.16,0:04:22.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have 120 acres of fallow land.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.71,0:04:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Good news here is, since about 1980
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.92,0:04:24.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,American water use has actually gone down.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.18,0:04:24.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even in growing American\Ncities in the South West,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.88,0:04:25.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,total consumption has gone down
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.13,0:04:25.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,despite pretty big\Nincreases in population.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.38,0:04:25.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But worldwide irrigated agriculture
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.63,0:04:25.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,uses upwards of 70% of water in rivers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.88,0:04:26.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and municipalities use much,\Nmuch less, 20% or less.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.13,0:04:26.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- That's partially due
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.38,0:04:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to household water conservation efforts,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.13,0:04:30.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's mainly due to the way\Ncities and homes use water.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.75,0:04:32.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When you shower, wash dishes\Nor even flush the toilet,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.53,0:04:34.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that water is treated and\Nreturned to surface or groundwater
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.71,0:04:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rather than evaporating.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.20,0:04:40.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The same goes for some industrial uses.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.48,0:06:34.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the largest opportunity and challenge
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.100,0:06:38.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reduce water use is in\Nthe agricultural sector.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's because water used for farming
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either becomes part of the growing plants
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or it's lost to evaporation,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,meaning it doesn't return\Nto the hydrologic cycle
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for a very long time.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists say this is the\Nworst drought in 1200 years,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but the Hopi you have lived in this area
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for over 2000 years and have\Ngrown food through it all.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We met up with Max Taylor, a\NHopi Water Resources technician
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to find out if lessons from\None of the oldest communities
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the United States can\Nbe applied to modern life
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the drying Colorado basin.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- The Hopi's been known to\Nuse the least amount of water.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Than people throughout\Nthe whole United States,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's just because we live in the desert,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here we are more aware\Nof how much you use.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so the use is very little.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we're down at my field.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is my blue corn,\Nthey're planted here.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of these are dry farmed.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I don't do any irrigation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the technique we use\Nis you clear off an area.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You'll dig a hole down about\Nmaybe eight to 10 inches deep,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get maybe eight or 10 kernels of corn
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and toss in there.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The wet moisture that you've taken up,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you push them back in,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then you cover it with dry soil.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that's dry farming.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- His garden is planted\Nin a low lying area
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to collect the little\Nmoisture that falls each year.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And his crops are extremely\Nadapted to the region.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're planted far apart to\Navoid competition for water,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they grow very deep roots\Nthat tap into groundwater.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Right now we're in September.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can still feel a\Nlittle bit of moisture
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the ground, see that?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Not much, but just enough that\Nit's still keeping them going
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Amazingly Max uses seeds for\Nhis own farming consumption
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that produces crops in\Nwhat seems like dust
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with no irrigation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's never watered this field.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have seeds that are being passed on
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from generation to generation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So they're adapted to this dry climate.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The corn's been with the Hopi
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at least several thousand years.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think the lesson to learn
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that you have to live\Nwithin your environment.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I think that's how the natives
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have survived in these areas\Nbecause they were sustainable.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we know this country.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- Shifting towards crops appropriate for
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and adapted to their environment
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,provides a vast opportunity\Nfor water conservation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That shift can happen\Non farms or in cities
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we choose to eat foods\Nthat need less water to grow.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On paper, a shift from feed\Ncrops and cattle makes sense.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if we wanna adapt
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to our warming climate\Nin an equitable way,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can't write off farmers
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like Nancy and the families
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have fed us for generations.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We would like to continue farming.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't plan on giving up this farm.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are looking into alternatives,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're looking into alternative crops,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're looking at water\Nconservation irrigation techniques.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alfalfa takes seven to nine acre feet
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of water a year to grow it.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Olives would take about one\Nand a half acre feet of water.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if we were to get into say olives,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there'd be a lot of soil preparation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it costs us a lot money to get started.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- But the question is, can\Nwe come together as a country
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and implement techniques\Nto reduce the strain
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on our water supply before\Nthey're even more shortages?
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,- We need to be ready
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for some really big changes coming at us
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are frankly outside\Nof our comprehension.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how we make the\Nbest out of a bad situation
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and stand by those
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who end up facing the biggest\Nchanges and challenges.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And while we focus
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the American Southwest in this episode,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,drought does affect almost\Nevery part of the country.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So practicing water conservation
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a part of your daily\Nlife can help you prepare
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for when water supplies\Nrun low in your region.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of the most effective\Nthings you can do today
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are not that hard.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For example, never leave a faucet running
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when it's not being used,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like when brushing your\Nteeth or washing dishes.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Make sure to fix leaky faucets
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and choose energy and\Nwater efficient appliances.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you want to get more involved,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can place a brick in\Nthe tank of your toilet
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it uses less water for each flush,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or convert your lawn to\Na beautiful landscape
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that doesn't need irrigation.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or even install a\Nrainwater catchment system.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, there's another\Nthing we can all do,
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's to fight
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the underlying cause of this\Ndrought, climate change.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The future of this drought is unwritten
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the less warming we create
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the brighter our water future will be.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So check out the excellent show, Hot Mess
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for more ideas about what can be done.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, subscribe
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep up with all of\Nour episodes of Weathered.
Dialogue: 0,9:59:59.99,9:59:59.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(soft music)