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Wasser ist ein essentieller Baustein

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für das Leben, für die Landwirtschaft,

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für Lebensmittel und zum Duschen.

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Oft kommt das Wasser von weit her.

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In Südkalifornien wird zum Beispiel


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mehr als die Hälfte des Wassers
aus dem Colorado River gepumpt.

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Es wird dann zum Verbrauch 
in Städten und auf Farmen

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über eine Bergkette transportiert.

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Wegen der veränderten
Niederschlagsmengen und Temperaturen

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sehen Wissenschaftler die Entstehung 
einer Megadürre im Westen der USA.

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Ein Großteil dieser langfristigen Dürre
liegt direkt über dem Colorado.

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Sowohl Großstädte wie L.A. als auch Farmen

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könnten somit eine Überlastung 
ihre Wasserversorgung sehen.

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In dieser Folge erfahren wir,

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warum diese Dürre so schlimm ist 
und was wir von Menschen,

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deren Volk seit Tausenden von Jahren
im Südwesten leben, lernen können.

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Ein Wassereinzugsgebiet ist ein Bereich,

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in dem sich Niederschlag sammelt 
und in ein bestimmtes Gewässer fließt.

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Das Einzugsgebiet des Colorado River

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erstreckt sich über 
sieben Staaten und zwei Länder.

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40 Millionen Menschen
zählen auf dieses Wasser.

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Aber was passiert,
wenn Flüsse austrocknen

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und das Wasser,
auf das man zählt, nicht kommt?

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Um dass zu verstehen,

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habe ich erstmal Wasser- und Dürreforscher
Brad Udall gefragt, was hier passiert.

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Im Jahr 2000 begann eine Dürre, die nun,
20 Jahre später, die schwerste Dürre ist,

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seit an einigen Stellen des Flusses
im Jahr 1906 Pegel installiert wurden.

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Die Strömung ist etwa 20 % geringer.

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Eine Dürre wird normalerweise als 
eine zu Wassermangel führende Periode

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mit ungewöhnlich wenig Regen definiert.


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Doch Brad erklärte mir,
dass diese Dürre etwas anders ist.

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Denn obwohl Regenmengen geringer sind,


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erklärt das allein nicht
die niedrigen Wasserstände.

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Dafür haben wir jetzt
sogar einen neuen Begriff:

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Es ist eine heiße Dürre.

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Höhere Temperaturen
trocknen die Erde also aus.

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