[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.17,0:00:13.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hi, everyone.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.74,0:00:17.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, when people ask me about my research,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.59,0:00:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I tell them I study dreams,\Nthey ask questions like:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.64,0:00:24.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Where do dreams come from?"\Nand "Why do we dream?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.04,0:00:28.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and "What does it means if I have a dream\Nwhere my teeth are falling out?"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.60,0:00:31.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then I have to become an ad hoc\Ndream interpreter right there,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.57,0:00:33.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is okay,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.12,0:00:37.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but one of the prevailing\Nscientific perspectives on dreams
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.60,0:00:39.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the "continuity hypothesis,"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:40.00,0:00:44.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea that we dream about things\Nthat we experience while we're awake.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.25,0:00:47.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So last night, I had a dream\Nabout basketball.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.11,0:00:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what I was doing\Nbefore I went to sleep?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.27,0:00:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watching the NBA playoffs.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.81,0:00:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or, as cleverly illustrated\Nin this cartoon, the guy says,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.81,0:00:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I think my dream catcher\Nneeds some sort of filter.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.31,0:00:58.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm getting a lot of dreams\Nabout hot stock investments,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.97,0:01:02.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,low-cost air fares, and products promising\Nto enhance my sexual performance."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.67,0:01:04.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.15,0:01:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But my research actually examines\Nthe opposite question:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.25,0:01:13.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How are our dreams associated\Nwith behavior after we wake up?"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.74,0:01:15.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let me ask you a question.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.65,0:01:18.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you have ever had a dream\Nabout someone that you know?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.92,0:01:20.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.18,0:01:23.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Keep your hand up \Nif you've ever had a dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.13,0:01:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then you were upset\Nat the person in your dream
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.51,0:01:27.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for something they did\Nto you in that dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.59,0:01:29.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if someone was upset at you
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.53,0:01:31.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for something you did\Nto them in their dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.76,0:01:34.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Keep your hands up. \NTake a look around.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.25,0:01:41.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This was also captured\Nin an episode of Friends
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.41,0:01:43.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where Phoebe was mad\Nat Ross for something
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.48,0:01:46.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that she couldn't figure out\Nwhat it was at first.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.92,0:01:49.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She was mad at him the all day\Nand then finally realized
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.61,0:01:53.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it was because of something mean\Nthat he said about her in a dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:53.98,0:01:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My colleagues and I\Nwanted to investigate this.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.27,0:01:59.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is when I was working\Non my PhD at Stony Brook.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.10,0:02:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our study,\Nwe asked 61 participants
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.09,0:02:06.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep track of their dreams\Neach night for a two-week period.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.64,0:02:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We also asked them to keep track
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.20,0:02:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their daily activity\Nwith their romantic partners,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.83,0:02:12.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their significant others.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.31,0:02:16.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this study, we collected\Nalmost 850 total dream reports.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:16.68,0:02:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Out of that sample, about one-quarter\Ncontains their romantic partners.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.81,0:02:24.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So people are dreaming\Nabout their romantic partners
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.36,0:02:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about 25% of the time.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.44,0:02:28.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of those dreams,\Na little bit less than half
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.67,0:02:31.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have some kind\Nof positive interaction in them,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.64,0:02:35.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and about one-quarter of those\Nhave some kind of conflicts in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.23,0:02:39.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People are also having dreams\Nabout other people,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.69,0:02:41.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what I would call "infidelity dreams"
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.85,0:02:44.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or dreams with romantic\Ncheating behavior in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.12,0:02:47.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's take a look\Nat some of these dreams.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.11,0:02:50.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll show you two happy ones first,\Nwith positive interaction in them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.59,0:02:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This dream goes: "I dreamt I was\Nat a carnival with my girlfriend.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.80,0:02:57.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She likes them, so we decided to go\Nto one that stopped in our town.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.05,0:03:00.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were having fun running around,\Nkissing, tickling each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.14,0:03:02.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She kept beating me\Nat the whack-a-mole game
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.38,0:03:04.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though I thought\NI was winning by a lot...
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.59,0:03:06.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the end, she won\Na big teddy bear as a prize
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.98,0:03:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is apparently what\Nshe wanted, so I was happy."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.52,0:03:11.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's cute.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.06,0:03:12.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.81,0:03:14.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"This dream was a memory.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.30,0:03:17.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was our first date, and we were\Nwatching Saw II around November.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.64,0:03:21.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was so scared of the movie,\NI kept ducking my head into his shoulder
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.12,0:03:23.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and squeaking when some\Ngory part appeared.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.18,0:03:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He laughed and comforted me.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.94,0:03:27.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the middle of the movie\NI rested my head on his shoulder,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.78,0:03:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he put his arm\Naround me and kissed me.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.80,0:03:33.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He was very sweet,\Nand I remember feeling tingly.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.18,0:03:35.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We continued to kiss and hug each other."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:35.33,0:03:36.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Aw!
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.57,0:03:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.19,0:03:42.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what we're seeing in these dreams\Nis a lot of the same kinds of behaviors
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.60,0:03:45.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that people would exhibit\Nwith their romantic partners
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.14,0:03:46.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their waking lives.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:46.72,0:03:50.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're going on dates,\Nto the carnival, to the movies.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.65,0:03:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's kissing, affectionate behaviour,\Nthere's comforting.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.73,0:03:57.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I showed you these dreams\Nin some regular diary reports,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.00,0:04:00.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you probably wouldn't be able\Nto tell the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.12,0:04:04.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that shows evidence\Nfor the continuity hypothesis.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.25,0:04:07.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That being said, not all dreams\Nare sunshine and roses.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.39,0:04:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to show you some negative\Ndreams now, so fair warning:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.48,0:04:13.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you're sensitive to conflicts,\Nthese get a little rough.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.90,0:04:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"A girl left a message\Non my boyfriend's Facebook page,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.49,0:04:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,saying that she loved him.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.81,0:04:20.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I find out he called her,\Nthey were talking,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.09,0:04:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though he knows\Nhow I feel about her.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.08,0:04:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On top of that,\Nhe tells her that he loves her.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.72,0:04:27.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,After badgering him\Nabout what they talked about,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.04,0:04:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he finally says that he told her\Nhe loved her without meaning it.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.22,0:04:33.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I become even more upset\Nand start smacking him across the face,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.44,0:04:35.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,yelling and crying\Nhow could he do this to me.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.93,0:04:38.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He just says 'I don't know'\Nand I keep yelling and crying
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.69,0:04:41.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,until finally waking myself\Nout of the dream."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.31,0:04:42.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ouch!
Dialogue: 0,0:04:42.90,0:04:46.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, think about if you\Nhave this type of dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.95,0:04:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you wake up and your partner\Nis sleeping right next to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.99,0:04:53.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what might you say\Nand do in that situation?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.63,0:04:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Also, this shows how ubiquitous\NFacebook has become:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.48,0:05:00.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now it even infiltrates our dreams.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.10,0:05:04.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do another one.\NThis involves a little bit of jealousy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.14,0:05:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"In this dream, I was friends\Nwith my boyfriend's ex-girlfriend.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.65,0:05:12.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were hanging out at my house,\Nhaving fun, singing karaoke.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.16,0:05:13.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every time I looked at her,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.57,0:05:16.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought very few girls\Nare as beautiful as she is.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.32,0:05:19.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then my boyfriend comes over.\NHe wanted a picture with her.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.40,0:05:21.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then I got all jealous\Nand pulled him aside
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.42,0:05:24.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to ask him if he thought\Nshe was prettier than me.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.16,0:05:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was giving him\Na lot of attitude, I knew it,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.43,0:05:28.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I didn't care\Nbecause of our situation.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.61,0:05:30.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I had every right\Nto be jealous and bitchy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.74,0:05:33.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He ignored both my question\Nand me for the night.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.28,0:05:35.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I confronted him again,\Nhe told me he was very turned off
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.100,0:05:37.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by my attitude and behavior.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.91,0:05:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I questioned my behavior\Nand wondered if maybe I overreacted."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.08,0:05:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There we're seeing more evidence\Nthat a dream like this
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.53,0:05:49.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,might prompt someone when they\Nwake up to reconsider their actions,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.21,0:05:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to reconsider their\Ninterpersonal relationships.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.23,0:05:56.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's do an example\Nof infidelity in dreams.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.37,0:05:59.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I had met this wonderful,\Ncute affectionate guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:59.10,0:06:02.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He gave me attention, gifts,\Nand wanted to meet my parents.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.13,0:06:04.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He even said he wanted\Nto marry me some day.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.24,0:06:06.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One particular part I remember best.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.19,0:06:09.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He took me to this extravagant\Nstore, all gold and silver.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.30,0:06:12.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He gave me jewelry to try on\Nwith this beautiful champagne dress.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.87,0:06:15.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt so happy the entire dream\Nthat I didn't want to wake up."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.01,0:06:17.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's important to keep in mind
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.71,0:06:20.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this person is in a relationship\Nwith somebody else -
Dialogue: 0,0:06:20.24,0:06:23.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a completely different person\Nwho she's not having a dream about.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.97,0:06:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll do one more infidelity dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:26.54,0:06:28.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I was at a party\Nwith my fraternity brothers
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.93,0:06:31.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with a bunch of sorority girls\NI know from school.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.29,0:06:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember being called constantly\Nfrom my girlfriend checking up on me.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:34.78,0:06:36.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It got to the point\Nwhere we got into a fight
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.91,0:06:39.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I told her she didn't trust me.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.18,0:06:42.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got beyond drunk and hooked up \Nwith some random girl.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:42.22,0:06:44.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I brought her to my house\Nand we had sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.40,0:06:48.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I remember feeling guilty\Nbefore it went down, but satisfied after."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.07,0:06:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I know some of these dreams look like
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.93,0:06:53.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they're from deleted episodes\Nof the Jersey Shore,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.46,0:06:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.62,0:06:56.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but what we're seeing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:56.52,0:06:59.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that when people\Nhave these types of dreams
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.16,0:07:02.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with arguments or conflict\Nor betrayal or jealousy,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.40,0:07:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they have more conflict\Nwith their partners the next day,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.62,0:07:09.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's controlling\Nfor the previous day's conflict.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.16,0:07:11.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it is not part of some\Nday-to-day mechanism,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.42,0:07:13.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there's something unique about the dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.60,0:07:15.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people have an infidelity dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.62,0:07:18.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cheating on their partner,\Nhooking up with someone else,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.27,0:07:22.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they feel significantly less love\Nand closeness the next day.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.95,0:07:24.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about sex dreams?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.31,0:07:28.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In case you're curious, we do have some.\NI'll show you two examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.33,0:07:30.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I guess to write my dream\Nis embarrassing,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:30.36,0:07:31.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I'll try to describe it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.80,0:07:35.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was a sexual dream where me\Nand my loved one had sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.04,0:07:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oddly, it was in my bathroom\Non the counter sink top.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.92,0:07:39.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I felt happy and excited in my dream,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.84,0:07:42.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and with the look on his face,\NI'd say he felt the same."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.87,0:07:45.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is a relatively good sex dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.37,0:07:47.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's one that's a little bit, crazy.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.75,0:07:49.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I was having sex with my girlfriend,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.95,0:07:52.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and my ex-girlfriend\Nkept calling my phone.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.26,0:07:55.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I picked up, told her to leave\Nme alone and to go on with her life.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:55.83,0:07:57.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I went to my girl,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.27,0:08:00.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we started to have \Nan intense Kama Sutra kind of sex.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.36,0:08:02.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She kept asking why I'm so mad,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.54,0:08:04.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I told her that my ex-girl\Nkept harassing me.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.90,0:08:09.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She took my phone, called her,\Nand they started to curse each other.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.08,0:08:10.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were still naked, she hung up,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.92,0:08:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we went back to bed,\Nstill making love.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:13.04,0:08:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then I woke up."
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.38,0:08:19.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Sex dreams are associated\Nwith the next day's behavior,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.42,0:08:23.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it depends on whether\Nthe relationship is going well.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.34,0:08:25.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if the relationship is good\Nand everyone's happy,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.93,0:08:27.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then having a sex dream
Dialogue: 0,0:08:27.54,0:08:31.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is associated with more love\Nand intimacy and closeness the next day.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:31.41,0:08:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if the relationship is\Nnot going well and they're unhappy,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.47,0:08:38.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then sex dreams are associated\Nwith less love and closeness the next day.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:39.45,0:08:41.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want to pause here\Nand just reflect
Dialogue: 0,0:08:41.98,0:08:44.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I'm sure some of you\Nmight be thinking,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.21,0:08:48.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Okay, dreams are associated\Nwith the behavior the next day, why?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.13,0:08:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why do dreams have this association?\NWhy do they have this effect?"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.36,0:08:54.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The short answer is we still don't know.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:54.87,0:08:59.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dreams are one of the big,\Nunsolved mysteries of science.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.93,0:09:03.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are several competing theories\Nthat might explain what's going on here.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:04.04,0:09:06.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Patrick McNamara proposed the theory
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.27,0:09:11.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that dreams evolved in order\Nto facilitate social attachment bonds,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.68,0:09:15.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially between parents\Nand children and romantic partners,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:15.21,0:09:18.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we do see some\Nlimited evidence for that here,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.07,0:09:21.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,especially with sex dreams\Nassociated with more love and intimacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.58,0:09:25.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What about conflict dreams\Nthat would suggest the opposite,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.09,0:09:27.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it is almost hurting\Nthe attachment bonds?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.94,0:09:30.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And there is another theory\Nthat might address this,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.41,0:09:33.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is more along the lines
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.21,0:09:37.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that dreams evolved\Nin order to help us solve problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.38,0:09:41.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to see difficult issues\Nfrom a new perspective
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.51,0:09:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe come to conclusions\Nor have solutions
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.54,0:09:46.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we wouldn't otherwise be able to see
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.65,0:09:49.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to adapt to emotionally\Ndifficult situations.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.25,0:09:51.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to show you a few\Nexamples from other studies
Dialogue: 0,0:09:51.74,0:09:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that might support this theory.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.75,0:09:56.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of this research\Nis summarized by Deidre Barrett
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.98,0:09:59.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a chapter she wrote\Nfor "The New Science of Dreaming."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.90,0:10:03.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a study from William Dement,\Npublished in the early 1970s.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.43,0:10:08.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He gave 500 students a brainteaser,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.06,0:10:11.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he told them to think about it\Nfor 15 min before they went to sleep.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.96,0:10:14.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you have seen\Nthis brainteaser before?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.35,0:10:20.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,," The letters O, T, T, F, F form\Nthe beginning of an infinite sequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.19,0:10:24.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Find a simple rule for determining\Nany or all successive letters.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.15,0:10:27.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,According to your rule,\Nwhat would the next two letters be?"
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.83,0:10:29.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now out of the 500 students,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.75,0:10:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there were 87 dreams that were actually\Nabout the brainteaser,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.48,0:10:37.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a handful of them solved it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.22,0:10:39.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's one example of that dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:40.25,0:10:42.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I was walking down\Nthe hall of an art gallery.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.57,0:10:46.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I began to count the paintings:\None, two, three, four, five,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.98,0:10:48.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but as I came to the sixth and seventh,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.96,0:10:51.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the paintings had been\Nripped from their frames.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.28,0:10:52.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I stared at the empty frame...
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.77,0:10:55.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Suddenly I realized\Nthe sixth and seventh spaces
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.35,0:10:57.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were the solution to the problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:57.54,0:11:02.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,O, T, T, F, F stands for\NOne, Two, Three, Four, and Five.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.03,0:11:05.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Six and seven are the next two\Nin the sequence.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.01,0:11:09.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So S and S would be\Nthe two letters that follow."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.98,0:11:14.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's another study, from\NErin Wamsley and Bob Stickgold
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.90,0:11:18.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in their lab at the Harvard Med School\NDivision of Sleep Research.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:18.04,0:11:21.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They gave participants\Nin their study this maze,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.18,0:11:25.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,trained them on it, then tested their\Nability to navigate it five hours later.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.58,0:11:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They let some of the participants sleep\Nin between during that five hours.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.63,0:11:32.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the sleep did help\Nperformance a little bit,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.94,0:11:38.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but not nearly as much as if they reported\Nhaving a dream about the maze.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:38.09,0:11:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Having a dream about the maze
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.64,0:11:42.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,improved their performance\Non the retest tenfold
Dialogue: 0,0:11:42.88,0:11:46.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,compared to the people\Nwho did not have a dream.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.66,0:11:49.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's almost as if the dream\Nallows our minds
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.39,0:11:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to examine different kinds\Nof solutions in a creative way,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.20,0:11:57.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we wake up, and we've something\Nto work with we didn't have before.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.79,0:12:01.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's some research\Nby Rosalind Cartwright
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.37,0:12:04.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that shows when you look at women
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.36,0:12:07.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are suffering from depression\Nafter going through a divorce.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.78,0:12:09.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are actually less depressed,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.52,0:12:12.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more mentally healthy\Nin the future at a follow-up
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.33,0:12:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if they dream about their ex-partner, \Nabout their former spouse.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.38,0:12:19.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This might seem counterintuitive,\Nyou might be thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:12:19.97,0:12:22.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How can you get over someone\Nif you're dreaming about them?"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.97,0:12:26.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Rosalind Cartwright\Ncalls these "dreams that work:"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.10,0:12:29.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those people who incorporated\Nthe thing that stressed them out
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.37,0:12:33.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into their dream were better off,\Neven if the dream content was negative.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:33.83,0:12:35.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another example of this.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.31,0:12:40.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Former smokers who were trying\Nto quit were less likely to relapse,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.36,0:12:44.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,less likely to start smoking again\Nif they dreamt about smoking.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:44.86,0:12:46.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Again, we are seeing this evidence
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.52,0:12:50.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that dreams help us to navigate\Nemotionally difficult situations
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.70,0:12:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to adapt and solve problems in a way\Nthat we would not otherwise be able to do.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.03,0:12:59.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So dreams have this incredible\Npower to help us heal.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.12,0:13:01.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As Bob Stickgold said,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.76,0:13:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"When you sleep,\Nyour brain is figuring it out
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.65,0:13:08.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and holding on to relevant information\Nand throwing out the rest."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.81,0:13:13.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dreams might also allow\Nfor a creative spark.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.30,0:13:17.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're responsible for some of the\Ngreatest innovations ever known to man.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.83,0:13:20.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember the periodic table\Nof the elements,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.35,0:13:23.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from high school chemistry class\Nperhaps for some of you.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.08,0:13:26.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dmitri Mendeleev\Ndreamt the periodic table.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.97,0:13:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He had a dream that the elements\Nappeared before him
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.56,0:13:32.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and organized themselves\Naccording to their atomic mass,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.22,0:13:34.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he woke up and drew that,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:34.58,0:13:37.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that became what we now know\Nas the periodic table.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.68,0:13:41.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Paul McCartney famously\Ndreamt the song "Yesterday."
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.58,0:13:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everybody knows that song?\N♫ Yesterday ...
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.56,0:13:45.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Okay, I won't sing.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.30,0:13:49.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But he dreamt the song,\Nwoke up, went to his piano,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.86,0:13:52.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thought "Great tune!\NLet me see if I can figure it out,"
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.50,0:13:54.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he found the chords,\Nand that became
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.53,0:13:57.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the most beautiful\Nsongs ever written.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:58.66,0:14:00.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I think it's unfortunate
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.96,0:14:05.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of us probably won't have\None of these deep, profound dreams
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.21,0:14:06.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that lead us to these insights.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.00,0:14:09.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I don't think\Nit's because we're not capable.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.91,0:14:12.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think it's because most of the time,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.25,0:14:15.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're not really\Npaying attention to our dreams.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.19,0:14:16.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We don't take them seriously.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:16.97,0:14:20.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People think that dreams are just\Na bunch of nonsense and garbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.18,0:14:21.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We wake up, we shrug it off,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.73,0:14:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we go about our day\Nas if it never happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.61,0:14:29.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a great quote\Nfrom my favorite film,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.50,0:14:31.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Waking Life" by Richard Linklater:
Dialogue: 0,0:14:31.69,0:14:34.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Most people are either\Nsleep walking through their waking life
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.68,0:14:36.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or wake walking\Nthrough their sleeping life.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.80,0:14:39.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Either way, they're not\Ngoing to get that much out of it."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.61,0:14:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If I asked you right now to tell me
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.26,0:14:45.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether or not you're dreaming\Nin this very moment,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:45.55,0:14:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of you probably say,\N"Of course not. I'm obviously awake."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.86,0:14:51.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My response would be:\N"How do you know?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:51.41,0:14:55.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do you know\Nthis is not a dream right now?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.32,0:14:57.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Most of us can't tell the difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:57.10,0:14:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can you tell when you're dreaming
Dialogue: 0,0:14:58.82,0:15:02.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or only when you wake up\Nand realize that it was a dream
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.26,0:15:05.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,do you understand what was going on?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.00,0:15:08.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want to conclude
Dialogue: 0,0:15:08.51,0:15:12.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you get anything from this talk,\NI want you to take this home:
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.19,0:15:14.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,dreams are worth your time.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.90,0:15:18.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They're an important piece of your life\Nand worth paying attention to.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.90,0:15:25.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dreams represent this great, untapped\Nreservoir of information and insight
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.53,0:15:27.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that you can gain about yourself,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.75,0:15:31.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,your relationships, your work,\Nyour physical health.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.94,0:15:34.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So start tonight,\Nkeep a dream journal.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.52,0:15:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Put a pad of paper and a pen\Nnext to your bed,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:36.66,0:15:37.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you wake up,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:38.00,0:15:41.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,write down whatever was\Nin your head while you were asleep.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:41.26,0:15:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You might be surprised at what you find.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:43.62,0:15:47.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And your dreams might be trying\Nto tell you something really important.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.42,0:15:48.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All right, thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.01,0:15:50.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)