[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.43,0:00:17.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The power of yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.41,0:00:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I heard about a high school in Chicago
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.79,0:00:24.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where students had to pass\Na certain number of courses to graduate,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.89,0:00:29.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if they didn't pass a course,\Nthey got the grade "Not Yet."
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.52,0:00:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I thought that was fantastic,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.09,0:00:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because if you get a failing grade,\Nyou think, I'm nothing, I'm nowhere.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.56,0:00:39.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But if you get the grade "Not Yet"
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.63,0:00:43.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you understand\Nthat you're on a learning curve.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.18,0:00:46.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It gives you a path into the future.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.28,0:00:52.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Not Yet" also gave me insight\Ninto a critical event early in my career,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.82,0:00:56.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a real turning point.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.88,0:00:59.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to see
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.59,0:01:03.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how children coped\Nwith challenge and difficulty,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.63,0:01:07.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I gave 10-year-olds
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.64,0:01:11.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,problems that were\Nslightly too hard for them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.85,0:01:17.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some of them reacted\Nin a shockingly positive way.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.10,0:01:23.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They said things like,\N"I love a challenge,"
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.21,0:01:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, "You know, I was hoping\Nthis would be informative."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.62,0:01:34.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They understood\Nthat their abilities could be developed.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.81,0:01:39.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They had what I call a growth mindset.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.03,0:01:44.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But other students felt\Nit was tragic, catastrophic.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.43,0:01:48.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From their more fixed mindset perspective,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.45,0:01:53.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their intelligence\Nhad been up for judgment and they failed.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.71,0:02:02.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Instead of luxuriating\Nin the power of yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.53,0:02:06.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they were gripped in the tyranny of now.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.81,0:02:09.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what do they do next?
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.97,0:02:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll tell you what they do next.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.19,0:02:17.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one study, they told us\Nthey would probably cheat the next time
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.79,0:02:21.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,instead of studying more\Nif they failed a test.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.76,0:02:25.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In another study, after a failure,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.59,0:02:29.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they looked for someone\Nwho did worse than they did
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.46,0:02:32.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they could feel\Nreally good about themselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.76,0:02:38.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in study after study,\Nthey have run from difficulty.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.05,0:02:44.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Scientists measured\Nthe electrical activity from the brain
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.52,0:02:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as students confronted an error.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.21,0:02:53.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the left, you see\Nthe fixed mindset students.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.52,0:02:56.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's hardly any activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.19,0:02:58.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They run from the error.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.36,0:03:00.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They don't engage with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:00.87,0:03:04.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But on the right, you have\Nthe students with the growth mindset,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.45,0:03:08.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea that abilities can be developed.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.46,0:03:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They engage deeply.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.46,0:03:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their brain is on fire with yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.38,0:03:15.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They engage deeply.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.86,0:03:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They process the error.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:17.94,0:03:21.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They learn from it and they correct it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.90,0:03:27.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How are we raising our children?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.68,0:03:31.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are we raising them for now\Ninstead of yet?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.08,0:03:37.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are we raising kids\Nwho are obsessed with getting A's?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.74,0:03:42.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are we raising kids who don't know\Nhow to dream big dreams?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:43.37,0:03:48.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Their biggest goal is getting the next A\Nor the next test score?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.15,0:03:57.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And are they carrying this need\Nfor constant validation with them
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.61,0:04:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into their future lives?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.69,0:04:04.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maybe, because employers\Nare coming to me and saying,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.64,0:04:08.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we have already raised a generation
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.16,0:04:12.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of young workers\Nwho can't get through the day
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.45,0:04:14.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,without an award.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.81,0:04:18.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.77,0:04:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How can we build that bridge to yet?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.10,0:04:27.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are some things we can do.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.20,0:04:30.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, we can praise wisely,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.07,0:04:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not praising intelligence or talent.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.03,0:04:36.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That has failed.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.100,0:04:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Don't do that anymore.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.70,0:04:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But praising the process\Nthat kids engage in:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.11,0:04:47.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their effort, their strategies,\Ntheir focus, their perseverance,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.28,0:04:49.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,their improvement.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.26,0:04:50.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This process praise
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.93,0:04:54.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,creates kids who are hardy and resilient.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.73,0:04:59.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are other ways to reward yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.06,0:05:03.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We recently teamed up with game scientists
Dialogue: 0,0:05:04.14,0:05:06.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from the University of Washington
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.37,0:05:10.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to create a new online math game\Nthat rewarded yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:11.96,0:05:17.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this game, students were rewarded\Nfor effort, strategy and progress.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.33,0:05:20.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The usual math game
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.61,0:05:24.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rewards you for getting\Nanswers right right now,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.13,0:05:28.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but this game rewarded process.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.19,0:05:30.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we got more effort,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.72,0:05:32.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more strategies,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.05,0:05:36.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,more engagement\Nover longer periods of time,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.27,0:05:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and more perseverance when\Nthey hit really, really hard problems.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.92,0:05:48.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Just the words "yet"\Nor "not yet," we're finding,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.83,0:05:52.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give kids greater confidence,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.23,0:05:58.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give them a path into the future\Nthat creates greater persistence.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.70,0:06:05.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can actually\Nchange students' mindsets.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.76,0:06:09.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one study, we taught them
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.60,0:06:13.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that every time they push\Nout of their comfort zone
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.29,0:06:17.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to learn something new and difficult,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.45,0:06:22.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the neurons in their brain\Ncan form new, stronger connections,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.03,0:06:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and over time they can get smarter.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.07,0:06:29.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look what happened: in this study,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.60,0:06:33.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,students who were not taught\Nthis growth mindset
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.60,0:06:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,continued to show declining grades\Nover this difficult school transition,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:39.58,0:06:45.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but those who were taught this lesson\Nshowed a sharp rebound in their grades.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.37,0:06:51.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have shown this now,\Nthis kind of improvement,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.71,0:06:58.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with thousands and thousands of kids,\Nespecially struggling students.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.47,0:07:02.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So let's talk about equality.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:03.74,0:07:07.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In our country,\Nthere are groups of students
Dialogue: 0,0:07:08.06,0:07:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who chronically underperform,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.70,0:07:13.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for example, children in inner cities,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.83,0:07:17.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or children on Native American\Nreservations.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.31,0:07:23.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And they've done so poorly for so long\Nthat many people think it's inevitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.47,0:07:32.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But when educators create\Ngrowth mindset classrooms steeped in yet,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.20,0:07:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,equality happens.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.77,0:07:39.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And here are just a few examples.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.24,0:07:46.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one year, a kindergarten class\Nin Harlem, New York
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.66,0:07:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,scored in the 95th percentile\Non the National Achievement Test.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.19,0:08:04.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of those kids could not hold a pencil\Nwhen they arrived at school.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:06.37,0:08:08.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In one year,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.94,0:08:14.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,fourth grade students\Nin the South Bronx, way behind,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.69,0:08:19.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,became the number one fourth grade class\Nin the state of New York
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.57,0:08:23.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the state math test.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.66,0:08:27.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In a year to a year and a half,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.24,0:08:33.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Native American students\Nin a school on a reservation
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.99,0:08:39.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,went from the bottom of their district\Nto the top,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.14,0:08:46.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that district included\Naffluent sections of Seattle.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.82,0:08:51.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the native kids outdid\Nthe Microsoft kids.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.19,0:09:01.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This happened because the meaning
Dialogue: 0,0:09:01.04,0:09:04.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of effort and difficulty were transformed.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:05.50,0:09:08.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before, effort and difficulty
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.98,0:09:13.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,made them feel dumb,\Nmade them feel like giving up,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.74,0:09:17.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but now, effort and difficulty,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.84,0:09:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's when their neurons\Nare making new connections,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.16,0:09:23.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,stronger connections.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:23.90,0:09:26.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's when they're getting smarter.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.63,0:09:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I received a letter recently\Nfrom a 13-year-old boy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.37,0:09:40.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said, "Dear Professor Dweck,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.75,0:09:46.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I appreciate that your writing is based\Non solid scientific research,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.72,0:09:52.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's why I decided\Nto put it into practice.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:54.53,0:09:57.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I put more effort into my schoolwork,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.51,0:10:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into my relationship with my family,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:01.50,0:10:04.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and into my relationship\Nwith kids at school,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.50,0:10:10.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I experienced great improvement\Nin all of those areas.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.83,0:10:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I now realize I've wasted\Nmost of my life."
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.88,0:10:23.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's not waste any more lives,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.33,0:10:29.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because once we know
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.82,0:10:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that abilities are capable of such growth,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.39,0:10:41.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it becomes a basic human right\Nfor children, all children,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.03,0:10:47.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to live in places that create that growth,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.89,0:10:52.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to live in places filled with yet.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.98,0:10:58.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:58.97,0:11:01.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)