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Today I stand before you
as a man who lives life to the full

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in the here and now.

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But for a long time,

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I lived for death.

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I was a young man who believed

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that jihad is to be understood
in the language for force and violence.

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I tried to right wrongs
through power and aggression.

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I had deep concerns
for the suffering of others

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and a strong desire to help
and bring relief to them.

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I thought violent Jihad was noble,

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chivalrous

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and the best way to help.

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At a time when so many of our people --

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young people especially --

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are at risk of radicalization

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through groups like Al Qaeda,

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Islamic State

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and others,

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when these groups are claiming

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that their horrific brutality
and violence are true jihad,

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I want to say that their idea
of Jihad is wrong --

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completely wrong --

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as was mine, then.

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Jihad means to strive to one's utmost.

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It includes exertion and spirituality,

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self-purification

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and devotion.

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It refers to positive transformation

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through learning, wisdom
and remembrance of God.

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The word jihad stands for all
those meanings as a whole.

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Jihad may at times take
the form of fighting,

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but only sometimes,

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under strict conditions,

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within rules and limits.

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In Islam,

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the benefit of an act must outweigh
the harm or hardship it entails.

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More importantly,

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the verses in the Koran that are
connected to jihad [of] fighting,

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do not cancel out the verses
that talk about forgiveness,

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benevolence,

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or patience.

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But now I believe that there are no
circumstances on Earth

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where a violent jihad is permissible,

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because it will lead to greater harm.

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But now the idea of Jihad
has been hijacked.

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It has been perverted
to mean violent struggle

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wherever Muslims
are undergoing difficulties,

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and turned into terrorism

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by fascistic Islamists like Al Qaeda,

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Islamic State

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and others.

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But I have come to understand

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that true jihad means
striving to the utmost

54
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to strengthen and live
those qualities which God loves:

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honesty,

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trustworthiness,

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compassion, benevolence,

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reliability, respect,

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truthfulness --

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human values that so many of us share.

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I was born in Bangladesh,

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but grew up mostly in England.

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And I went to school here.

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My father was an academic,

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and we were in the UK through his work.

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In 1971 we were in Bangladesh
when everything changed.

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The War of Independence
impacted upon us terribly,

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pitting family against family,

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neighbor against neighbor.

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And at the age of 12 I experience war,

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destitution in my family,

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the deaths of 22 of my
relatives in horrible ways,

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as well as the murder of my elder brother.

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I witnessed killing ...

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animals feeding on corpses in the streets,

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starvation all around me;

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wanton, horrific violence --

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senseless violence.

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I was a young man --

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teenager --

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fascinated by ideas.

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I wanted to learn,

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but I could not go to school
for four years.

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After the War of Independence,

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my father was put in prison
for two-and-a-half years,

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and I used to visit him
every week in prison,

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and homeschooled myself.

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My father was released in 1973

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and he fled to England as a refugee,

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and we soon followed him.

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I was 17.

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So these experiences gave me

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a sharp awareness of the atrocities
and injustices in the world.

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And I had a strong desire --

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a very keen, deep desire --

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to right wrongs

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and help the victims of oppression.

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While studying at college in the UK,

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I met others who showed me
how I could channel that desire

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and help through my religion.

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And I was radicalized --

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enough to consider violence correct,

103
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even a virtue under certain circumstances.

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So I became involved
in the jihad in Afghanistan.

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I wanted to protect the Muslim [Afghan]
population against the Soviet army.

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And I thought that was jihad:

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my sacred duty,

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which would be rewarded by God.

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I became a preacher.

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I was one of the pioneers
of violent jihad in the UK.

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I recruited,

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I raised funds,

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I trained.

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I confused true jihad

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with this perversion as presented
by the fascist Islamists --

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these people who use the idea of jihad

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to justify their lust for power,
authority and control on us.

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A perversion perpetuated today
by fascist Islamist groups

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like Al Qaeda, Islamic State and others.

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For a period of around 15 years,

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I fought for short periods of time

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in Kashmir and Burma,

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besides Afghanistan.

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Our aim was to remove the invaders,

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to bring relief to the oppressed victims

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and of course to establish
an Islamic state;

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a caliphate for God's rule.

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And I did this openly.

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I didn't break any laws.

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I was proud and grateful to be British --

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I still am.

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And I bore no hostility
against this, my country,

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nor enmity towards
the non-Muslim citizens,

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and I still don't.

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During one battle in Afghanistan,

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some British men and I
formed a special bond

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with a 15-year-old Afghani boy,

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Abdullah,

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an innocent, loving and lovable kid

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who was always eager to please.

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He was poor.

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And boys like him did
menial tasks in the camp.

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And he seemed happy enough,

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but I couldn't help wonder --

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his parents must have missed him dearly.

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And they must have dreamt
about a better future for him.

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A victim of circumstance
caught up in a war,

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cruelly thrust upon him

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by the cruel circumstances of the time.

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One day I picked up this unexploded
mortar shell in a trench,

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and I had it deposited
in a makeshift mud hut lab.

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And I went out on a short,
pointless skirmish --

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always pointless --

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and I came back a few hours later

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to discover he was dead.

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He had tried to recover
explosives from that shell.

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It exploded and he died a violent death,

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blown to bits by the very same device
that had proved harmless to me.

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So I started to question.

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How did his death serve any purpose?

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Why did he die and I lived?

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I carried on.

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I fought in Kashmir.

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I also recruited for the Philippines,

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Bosnia and Chechnya.

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And the questions grew.

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Later in Burma,

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I came across Rohingya fighters,

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who were barely teenagers,

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born and brought up in the jungle,

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carrying machine guns
and grenade launches.

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I met two 13-year-olds with soft
manners and gentle voices.

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Looking at me,

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they begged me to take
them away to England.

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They simply wanted to go to school --

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that was their dream.

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My family --

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my children of the same age --

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were living at home in the UK,

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going to school,

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living a safe life.

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And I couldn't help wonder

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how much these young boys
must have spoken to one another

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about their dreams for such a life.

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Victims of circumstances.

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These two young boys --

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sleeping rough on the ground,

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looking up at the stars --

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cynically exploited by their leaders

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for their personal lust
for glory and power.

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I soon witnessed boys
like them killing one another

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in conflicts between rival groups.

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And it was the same everywhere ...

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Afghanistan, Kashmir, Burma,

195
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Philipines, Chechnya;

196
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petty warlords got the young
and vulnerable to kill one another

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in the name of jihad.

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Muslims against Muslims.

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Not protecting anyone against
invaders or occupiers;

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not bringing relief to the oppressed.

201
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Children being used --

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cynically exploited;

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people dying in conflicts which
I was supporting in the name of jihad.

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And it still carries on today.

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Realizing that the violent jihad


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I had engaged in abroad

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was so different --

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such a chasm between
what I had experienced

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and what I thought was sacred duty --

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I had to reflect on my
activities here in the UK.

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I had to consider my preaching,

212
00:11:20,543 --> 00:11:21,544
recruiting,

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00:11:21,544 --> 00:11:22,538
fundraising,

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00:11:22,538 --> 00:11:23,874
training,

215
00:11:23,874 --> 00:11:27,021
but most importantly, radicalizing --

216
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sending young people to fight and die

217
00:11:29,121 --> 00:11:30,431
as I was doing --

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all totally wrong.

219
00:11:35,929 --> 00:11:40,176
So I got involved in violent
jihad in the mid '80s,

220
00:11:40,176 --> 00:11:42,428
starting with Afghanistan.

221
00:11:42,832 --> 00:11:46,462
And by the time I finished
it was in the year 2000.

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I was completely immersed in it.

223
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All around me people supported,

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applauded,

225
00:11:52,203 --> 00:11:55,074
even celebrated what
we were doing in their name.

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But by the time I learned to get out,

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completely disillusioned in the year 2000,

228
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15 years had passed.

229
00:12:05,387 --> 00:12:07,073
So what goes wrong?

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We were so busy talking about virtue,

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and we were blinded by a cause.

232
00:12:20,481 --> 00:12:25,105
And we did not give ourselves a chance
to develop a virtuous character.

233
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We told ourselves we were
fighting for the oppressed,

234
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but these were unwinnable wars.

235
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We became the very instrument
through which more deaths occurred,

236
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complicit in causing further misery

237
00:12:41,491 --> 00:12:44,413
for the selfish benefit of the cruel few.

238
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So over time --

239
00:12:53,718 --> 00:12:56,809
a very long time --

240
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I opened my eyes.

241
00:13:00,371 --> 00:13:05,077
I began to dare to face the truth,

242
00:13:05,077 --> 00:13:07,618
to think,

243
00:13:07,618 --> 00:13:09,777
to face the hard questions.

244
00:13:09,777 --> 00:13:12,591
I got in touch with my soul.

245
00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:24,355
What have I learned?

246
00:13:24,907 --> 00:13:31,129
That people who engage
in violent jihadism,

247
00:13:31,129 --> 00:13:34,870
that people who are drawn
to these types of extremisms,

248
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are not that different to everyone else.

249
00:13:38,218 --> 00:13:41,414
But I believe such people can change.

250
00:13:42,377 --> 00:13:45,292
They can regain their hearts
and restore them

251
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by filling them with human
values that heal.

252
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When we ignore the realities,

253
00:13:57,580 --> 00:14:02,994
we discover that we accept what
we are told without critical reflection.

254
00:14:05,909 --> 00:14:09,696
I will ignore the gifts and advantages
that many of us would cherish

255
00:14:09,696 --> 00:14:12,678
even for a single moment in their lives.

256
00:14:16,644 --> 00:14:19,869
I engaged in actions
I thought were correct.

257
00:14:22,019 --> 00:14:26,243
But now I began to question
how I knew what I knew.

258
00:14:28,145 --> 00:14:31,812
I endlessly told others
to accept the truth,

259
00:14:31,812 --> 00:14:35,678
but I failed to give
doubt its rightful place.

260
00:14:41,196 --> 00:14:46,061
This conviction that people can change
is rooted in my experience,

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00:14:46,061 --> 00:14:47,674
my own journey.

262
00:14:48,707 --> 00:14:50,585
Through wide reading,

263
00:14:50,585 --> 00:14:52,385
reflecting,

264
00:14:52,385 --> 00:14:53,462
contemplation,

265
00:14:53,462 --> 00:14:54,455
self-knowledge,

266
00:14:54,455 --> 00:14:55,463
I discovered --

267
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I realized that Islamists' world
of us and them is false and unjust.

268
00:15:05,080 --> 00:15:09,710
Through considering the uncertainties
in all that we had asserted,

269
00:15:09,710 --> 00:15:11,431
to the inviolable truths --

270
00:15:11,431 --> 00:15:15,171
incontestable truths --

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I developed a more nuanced understanding.

272
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I realized that in a world crowded
with variation and contradiction,

273
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foolish preachers --

274
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only foolish preachers
like I used to be --

275
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see no paradox in the myths and fictions
they use to assert authenticity.

276
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So I understood the vital
importance of self-knowledge,

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politcal awareness

278
00:15:48,381 --> 00:15:54,067
and the necessity for a deep and wide
understanding of our committments

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00:15:54,067 --> 00:15:55,476
and our actions,

280
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how they effect others.

281
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So my plea today to everyone,

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especially those who sincerely
believe in Islamist jihadism ...

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refuse dogmatic authority;

284
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let go of anger, hatred and violence;

285
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learn to right wrongs

286
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without even attempting to justify
cruel, unjust and futile behavior.

287
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Instead create a few
beautiful and useful things

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that outlive us.

289
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Approach the world --

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00:16:34,784 --> 00:16:35,777
life --

291
00:16:35,777 --> 00:16:37,076
with love.

292
00:16:38,168 --> 00:16:39,624
[In all,] learn to develop,

293
00:16:39,624 --> 00:16:40,937
or cultivate your hearts

294
00:16:40,937 --> 00:16:44,549
to see goodness, beauty and truth
in others and in the world.

295
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That way we do matter
more to ourselves ...

296
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to each other,

297
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to our communities;

298
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and for me,

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to God.

300
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This is jihad --

301
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my true jihad.

302
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Thank you.

303
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(Applause)