[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.02,0:00:19.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you have one of these?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:20.59,0:00:22.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got a little obsessed with mine.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.39,0:00:24.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact I got a little obsessed with\Nall my stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:24.89,0:00:27.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you ever wondered where all the\Nstuff we buy, comes from
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.49,0:00:28.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and where it goes\Nwhen we throw it out?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.63,0:00:32.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I couldn't stop wondering about that.\NSo I looked it up.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.23,0:00:35.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what the text book said,\Nis that stuff moves through a system
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.90,0:00:41.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from extraction to production\Nto distribution to consumption to disposal.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.68,0:00:45.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All together, it is called the materials economy.\NWell, I looked into it a little bit more.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.68,0:00:48.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, I spent 10 years traveling the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.12,0:00:51.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tracking where our stuff comes\Nfrom and where it goes.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.55,0:00:55.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you know what I found out?\NThat is not the whole story.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.86,0:00:58.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a lot missing from\Nthis explanation.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.56,0:01:02.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For one thing,\Nthis system looks like it's fine. No problem.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.10,0:01:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the truth is it’s a system in crisis.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.93,0:01:08.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the reason it is in crisis\Nis that it is a linear system
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.30,0:01:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we live on a finite planet
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.27,0:01:15.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can not run a linear system\Non a finite planet indefinitely.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:15.81,0:01:19.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every step along the way, this system\Nis interacting with the real world.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.91,0:01:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In real life it’s not happening\Non a blank white page.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.12,0:01:26.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It’s interacting with societies, cultures,\Neconomies, the environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.65,0:01:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And all along the way,\Nit’s bumping up against limits.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.69,0:01:32.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Limits we don't see here because\Nthe diagram is incomplete.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.59,0:01:36.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So lets go back through, let's fill in\Nsome of the blanks and see what's missing.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.30,0:01:40.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, one of the most important things its missing\Nis people, yes people.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.13,0:01:43.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People live and work all along this system.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.64,0:01:47.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And some people in this system\Nmatter a little more than others;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:47.77,0:01:49.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some have a little more say.\NWho are they?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.34,0:01:52.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, let’s start with the government.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.31,0:01:54.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now my friends tell me I should use\Na tank to symbolize the government
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.32,0:01:57.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that’s true in many countries\Nand increasingly in our own,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.05,0:02:01.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after all more than 50% of our federal tax money\Nis now going to the military,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.32,0:02:04.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I’m using a person\Nto symbolize the government
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.62,0:02:07.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because I hold true to the vision and values\Nthat governments should be
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.76,0:02:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the people, by the people,\Nfor the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.43,0:02:14.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's the governments job to watch out for us,\Nto take care of us. That’s their job.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.67,0:02:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then along came the corporation.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.87,0:02:19.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the reason the corporation\Nlooks bigger than the government
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.37,0:02:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is bigger then the government.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.48,0:02:27.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of the 100 largest economies on earth now,\N51 are corporations.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.05,0:02:32.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As the corporations have grown in size and power,\Nwe’ve seen a little change in the government
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.82,0:02:34.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where they’re a little more\Nconcerned in making sure
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.06,0:02:36.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everything is working out\Nfor those guys than for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.22,0:02:39.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ok, so lets see what else is missing\Nfrom this picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.49,0:02:41.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll start with extraction.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.40,0:02:45.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a fancy word for\Nnatural resource exploitation
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.97,0:02:48.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is a fancy word\Nfor trashing the planet.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.90,0:02:52.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What this looks like is we chop down trees,\Nwe blow up mountains to get the metals inside,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.31,0:02:55.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we use up all the water\Nand we wipe out the animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.94,0:02:58.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here we are running up\Nagainst our first limit.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.91,0:03:03.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are running out of resources.\NWe are using too much stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.55,0:03:06.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I know this can be hard to hear,\Nbut it's the truth we’ve gotta deal with it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.42,0:03:08.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the past three decades alone,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.39,0:03:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one-third of the planet’s natural resources\Nbase have been consumed. Gone.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.00,0:03:19.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are cutting and mining and hauling\Nand trashing the place so fast
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.70,0:03:23.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we’re undermining the planet’s\Nvery ability for people to live here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.94,0:03:28.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where I live, in the United States,\Nwe have less than 4% of our original forests left.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:29.54,0:03:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Forty percent of the waterways\Nhave become undrinkable.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:32.91,0:03:35.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And our problem is not just that\Nwe’re using too much stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.22,0:03:40.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we’re using more than our share.\NWe have 5% of the world’s population
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.39,0:03:46.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we’re consuming 30% of the world’s resources\Nand creating 30% of the world’s waste.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.23,0:03:51.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If everybody consumed at U.S. rates,\Nwe would need 3 to 5 planets.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.10,0:03:54.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you know what?\NWe’ve only got one.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.77,0:03:58.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, my country’s response to this limitation\Nis simply to go take somebody else’s!
Dialogue: 0,0:03:59.31,0:04:02.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the Third World, which\N– some would say –
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.68,0:04:05.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is another word for our stuff that somehow\Ngot on someone else’s land.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.51,0:04:09.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what does that look like?\NThe same thing: trashing the place.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.75,0:04:14.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,75% of global fisheries now are\Nfished at or beyond capacity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.52,0:04:18.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,80% of the planet’s original forests are gone.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.76,0:04:22.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the Amazon alone,\Nwe’re losing 2000 trees a minute.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:23.50,0:04:25.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is seven football fields a minute.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.50,0:04:28.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what about the people who live here?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.14,0:04:32.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well. According to these guys,\Nthey don’t own these resources
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.97,0:04:35.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even if they’ve been living there for generations,\Nthey don’t own the means of production
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.41,0:04:38.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they’re not buying a lot of stuff.\NAnd in this system,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.28,0:04:42.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if you don’t own or buy a lot of stuff,\Nyou don’t have value.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.03,0:04:48.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, next, the materials move to “production“\Nand what happens there is we use energy
Dialogue: 0,0:04:48.95,0:04:54.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to mix toxic chemicals in with the natural\Nresources to make toxic contaminated products.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.73,0:04:58.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are over 100,000 synthetic chemicals\Nin use in commerce today.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.23,0:05:01.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Only a handful of them have even\Nbeen tested for health impacts
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.30,0:05:04.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and NONE have been tested\Nfor synergistic health impacts,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:05.14,0:05:07.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that means when they interact with all the other\Nchemicals we’re exposed to every day.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.44,0:05:11.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, we don’t know the full impact on health\Nand the environment of all these toxic chemicals.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.28,0:05:15.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we do know one thing:\NToxics in, Toxics Out.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.08,0:05:19.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As long as we keep putting toxics into\Nour inudstrial production systems,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.75,0:05:21.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are going to keep getting toxics\Nin the stuff that we bring
Dialogue: 0,0:05:22.12,0:05:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into our homes, and workplaces, and schools.\NAnd, duh, our bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.86,0:05:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like BFRs,\Nbrominated flame retardants.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.66,0:05:33.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are a chemical that make things\Nmore fireproof but they are super toxic.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.93,0:05:39.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They’re a neurotoxin–that means toxic to the brain\NWhat are we even doing using a chemical like this?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.31,0:05:45.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yet we put them in our computers, our appliances,\Ncouches, mattresses, even some pillows.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.01,0:05:49.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In fact, we take our pillows,\Nwe douse them in a neurotoxin
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.25,0:05:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we bring them home and put our heads\Non them for 8 hours a night to sleep.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.92,0:05:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I don’t know, but it seems to me that\Nin this country with so much potential,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.76,0:06:00.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we could think of a better way to stop our heads\Nfrom catching on fire at night.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.26,0:06:04.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now these toxics build up in the food chain\Nand concentrate in our bodies.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:05.63,0:06:07.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Do you know what is the food\Nat the top of the food chain
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.24,0:06:11.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the highest level of many toxic contaminants?\NHuman breast milk.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.77,0:06:17.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means that we have reached a point where the\Nsmallest members of our societies - our babies
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.64,0:06:23.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are getting their highest lifetime dose of toxic\Nchemicals from breastfeeding from their mothers.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.02,0:06:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is that not an incredible violation?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.69,0:06:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Breastfeeding must be the most fundamental\Nhuman act of nurturing;
Dialogue: 0,0:06:31.86,0:06:35.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it should be sacred and safe.\NNow breastfeeding is still best
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.03,0:06:40.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and mothers should definitely keep breastfeeding,\Nbut we should protect it. They should protect it.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.50,0:06:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I thought they were looking out for us.\NAnd of course,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:45.04,0:06:46.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the people who bear the biggest\Nof these toxic chemicals
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.57,0:06:50.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the factory workers,\Nmany of whom are women of reproductive age.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.61,0:06:54.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They’re working with reproductive toxics,\Ncarcinogens and more.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.45,0:06:58.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I ask you,\Nwhat kind of woman of reproductive age
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.52,0:07:01.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,would work in a job exposed\Nto reproductive toxics,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.56,0:07:06.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except for a woman with no other option?\NAnd that is one of the “beauties” of this system?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.63,0:07:10.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The erosion of local environments\Nand economies here
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.03,0:07:13.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ensures a constant supply\Nof people with no other option.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:14.60,0:07:18.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Globally 200,000 people a day\Nare moving from environments
Dialogue: 0,0:07:19.31,0:07:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that have sustained them for generations,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.41,0:07:26.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into cities, many to live in slums, looking for\Nwork, no matter how toxic that work may be.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.58,0:07:30.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, you see, it is not just resources\Nthat are wasted along this system,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.28,0:07:33.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but people too.\NWhole communities get wasted.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.49,0:07:36.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yup, toxics in, toxics out.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.59,0:07:39.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A lot of the toxics\Nleave the factories in products,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:40.73,0:07:44.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but even more leave as by-products, or pollution.\NAnd it’s a lot of pollution.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:45.60,0:07:50.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the U.S., our industry admits to releasing\Nover 4 billion pounds of toxic chemicals a year
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.60,0:07:53.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it’s probably way more\Nsince that is only what they admit.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.54,0:07:56.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So that’s another limit, because, yuck,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.94,0:08:01.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who wants to look at and smell 4 billion pounds\Nof toxic chemicals a year? So, what do they do?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.92,0:08:05.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Move the dirty factories overseas\NPollute someone else’s land!
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.95,0:08:10.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But surprise, a lot of that air pollution is\Ncoming right back at us, carried by wind currents.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.99,0:08:14.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what happens after all these resources\Nare turned into products?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.43,0:08:17.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, it moves here, for distribution.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.26,0:08:22.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now distribution means “selling all this\Ntoxic-contaminated junk as quickly as possible.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:23.14,0:08:27.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The goal here is to keep the prices down, keep the\Npeople buying, and keep the inventory moving.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.04,0:08:32.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do they keep the prices down?\NWell, they don’t pay the store workers very much
Dialogue: 0,0:08:33.08,0:08:37.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they skimp on health insurance every time they\Ncan. It’s all about externalizing the costs.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.32,0:08:42.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What that means is the real costs of making stuff\Naren’t captured in the price.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.09,0:08:45.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words,\Nwe aren’t paying for the stuff we buy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.26,0:08:47.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was thinking about this the other day.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.26,0:08:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was walking\Nand I wanted to listen to the news
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.90,0:08:52.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I popped into a Radio Shack\Nto buy a radio.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.00,0:08:55.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I found this cute little green radio\Nfor 4 dollars and 99 cents.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.67,0:08:58.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was standing there in line to buy this thing\Nand I was thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:08:59.61,0:09:02.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how could $4.99 possibly\Ncapture the costs
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.44,0:09:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of making this radio and getting it into my hands?\NThe metal was probably mined in South Africa,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:08.38,0:09:12.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the petroleum was probably drilled in Iraq,\Nthe plastics were probably produced in China,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.15,0:09:16.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and maybe the whole thing was assembled\Nby some 15 year old in a maquiladora in Mexico.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:17.96,0:09:21.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,$4.99 wouldn’t even pay the rent for\Nthe shelf space it occupied until I came along,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:22.23,0:09:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,let alone part of the staff guy’s salary\Nwho helped me pick it out,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.53,0:09:28.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or the multiple ocean cruises and truck rides\Npieces of this radio went on.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:29.74,0:09:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That’s how I realized, I didn’t pay for the radio.\NSo, who did pay?
Dialogue: 0,0:09:34.24,0:09:37.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well. These people paid with the loss\Nof their natural resource base.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.98,0:09:42.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These people paid with the loss of their clean air\Nwith increasing asthma and cancer rates.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.02,0:09:47.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Kids in the Congo paid with their future –\N30% of the kids in parts of the Congo
Dialogue: 0,0:09:48.02,0:09:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now have had to drop out\Nof school to mine coltan,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.96,0:09:52.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a metal we need for our cheap\Nand disposable electronics.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.03,0:09:55.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These people even paid, by having to cover\Ntheir own health insurance.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.53,0:10:01.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All along this system, people pitched in\Nso I could get this radio for $4.99.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.24,0:10:05.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And none of these contributions\Nare recorded in any accounts book.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.90,0:10:10.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is what I mean by the company owners\Nexternalize the true costs of production.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.44,0:10:15.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that brings us to the golden\Narrow of consumption.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.28,0:10:18.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the heart of the system,\Nthe engine that drives it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.72,0:10:24.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is so important that protecting this arrow has\Nbecome the top priority for both of these guys.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:25.02,0:10:27.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is why, after 9/11,\Nwhen our country was in shock,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.63,0:10:30.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and President Bush could have suggested\Nany number of appropriate things:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.66,0:10:36.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to grieve, to pray, to hope. NO.\NHe said to shop. TO SHOP?!
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.47,0:10:43.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have become a nation of consumers. Our primary\Nidentity has become that of being consumers,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.08,0:10:46.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not mothers, teachers, farmers,\Nbut consumers.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:47.95,0:10:50.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The primary way that our value\Nis measured and demonstrated
Dialogue: 0,0:10:51.52,0:10:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is by how much we contribute to this arrow,\Nhow much we consume. And do we!
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.76,0:11:01.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We shop and shop and shop. Keep the materials\Nflowing, And flow they do!
Dialogue: 0,0:11:02.70,0:11:06.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Guess what percentage of total materials flow\Nthrough this system is still in product or use 6 months after the date of sale in North America?
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.80,0:11:20.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fifty percent? Twenty? NO. One percent. One!\NIn other words, 99 percent of the stuff
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.35,0:11:24.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we harvest, mine, process, transport –\N99 percent of the stuff we run through this system
Dialogue: 0,0:11:25.52,0:11:30.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is trashed within 6 months.\NNow how can we run a planet
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.92,0:11:34.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with that level of materials throughput?\NIt wasn’t always like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.03,0:11:38.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The average U.S. person now consumes\Ntwice as much as they did 50 years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.40,0:11:43.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ask your grandma. In her day, stewardship\Nand resourcefulness and thrift were valued.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.67,0:11:49.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, how did this happen?\NWell, it didn’t just happen. It was designed.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.88,0:11:54.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Shortly after the World War 2, these guys\Nwere figuring out how to ramp up the economy.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.01,0:11:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Retailing analyst Victor Lebow\Narticulated the solution
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.68,0:11:59.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that has become the norm\Nfor the whole system.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.62,0:12:04.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He said: "Our enormously productive economy\Ndemands that we make consumption our way of life,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.86,0:12:10.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we convert the buying and use of goods into\Nrituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:10.76,0:12:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our ego satisfaction, in consumption.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.17,0:12:18.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need things consumed, burned up, replaced\Nand discarded at an ever-accelerating rate.”
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.94,0:12:21.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,President Eisenhower's Council\Nof Economic Advisors Chairman said
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.58,0:12:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that "The American economy's ultimate purpose\Nis to produce more consumer goods."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.65,0:12:28.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MORE CONSUMER GOODS?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:28.82,0:12:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our ultimate purpose? Not provide health care,\Nor education, or safe transportation,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.09,0:12:36.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or sustainability or justice?\NConsumer goods?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.49,0:12:40.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How did they get us to jump on board\Nthis program so enthusiastically?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:41.09,0:12:45.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, two of their most effective strategies are\Nplanned obsolescence and perceived obsolescence.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:46.90,0:12:50.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Planned obsolescence is another word\Nfor “designed for the dump.”
Dialogue: 0,0:12:50.97,0:12:53.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It means they actually make stuff\Nto be useless as quickly as possible
Dialogue: 0,0:12:54.77,0:12:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we will chuck it and buy a new one.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:56.54,0:12:59.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It’s obvious with things like plastic bags\Nand coffee cups, but now it’s even big stuff:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.48,0:13:05.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mops, DVDs, cameras, barbeques even,\Neverything! Even computers.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:05.82,0:13:07.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have you noticed that\Nwhen you buy a computer now,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.09,0:13:09.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the technology is changing so fast\Nthat in just a couple years,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.79,0:13:13.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it’s actually an impediment to communication?\NI was curious about this
Dialogue: 0,0:13:14.39,0:13:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so I opened up a big desktop computer\Nto see what was inside. And I found out
Dialogue: 0,0:13:18.70,0:13:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the piece that changes each year\Nis just a tiny little piece in the corner.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:22.87,0:13:26.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But you can’t just change that one piece,\Nbecause each new version is a different shape,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.04,0:13:29.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you gotta chuck the whole thing\Nand buy a new one.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.61,0:13:34.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, I was reading industrial design journals\Nfrom the 1950s when planned obsolescence
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.05,0:13:37.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was really catching on.\NThese designers are so open about it.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:38.65,0:13:41.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They actually discuss how fast\Ncan they make stuff break
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.22,0:13:44.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that still leaves the consumer\Nhaving enough faith in the product
Dialogue: 0,0:13:45.19,0:13:47.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to go out and buy anther one.\NIt was so intentional.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.06,0:13:50.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But stuff cannot break fast enough\Nto keep this arrow afloat,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.90,0:13:53.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so there’s also\N“perceived obsolescence.”
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.30,0:13:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now perceived obsolescence convinces us to\Nthrow away stuff that is still perfectly useful.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:00.44,0:14:03.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How do they do that? Well,\Nthey change the way the stuff looks
Dialogue: 0,0:14:04.24,0:14:05.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so if you bought your stuff\Na couple years ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:06.78,0:14:09.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,everyone can tell that you haven’t contributed\Nto this arrow recently
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.22,0:14:14.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and since the way we demonstrate our value is\Ncontributing to this arrow, it can be embarrassing
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.02,0:14:17.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like I’ve have had the same fat\Nwhite computer monitor
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.12,0:14:20.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on my desk for 5 years.\NMy co-worker just got a new computer.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.83,0:14:24.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She has a flat, shiny, sleek monitor.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:25.03,0:14:28.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It matches her computer,\Nit matches her phone, even her pen stand.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.93,0:14:31.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,She looks like she is driving in\Nspace ship central and I,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.44,0:14:34.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I look like I have a washing machine on my desk.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.17,0:14:39.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Fashion is another prime example of this.\NHave you ever wondered why women’s shoe heels
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.21,0:14:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,go from fat one year to skinny the next to fat to\Nskinny? It is not because there is some debate
Dialogue: 0,0:14:44.72,0:14:48.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about which heel structure is the most healthy\Nfor women’s feet. It’s because wearing fat heels
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.99,0:14:52.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a skinny heel year shows everybody that\Nyou haven’t contributed to that arrow recently
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.19,0:14:55.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you’re not as valuable as that person\Nin skinny heels next to you,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.80,0:15:00.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or, more likely, in some ad.\NIt’s to keep buying new shoes.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.03,0:15:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Advertisements, and media in general,\Nplay a big role in this.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:05.00,0:15:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each of us in the U.S. is targeted\Nwith over 3,000 advertisements a day.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.44,0:15:13.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We each see more advertisements in one year\Nthan people 50 years ago saw in a lifetime.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.21,0:15:17.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you think about it, what is the point of an\Nad except to make us unhappy with what we have?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.75,0:15:21.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, 3,000 times a day, we’re told that\Nour hair is wrong, our skin is wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.46,0:15:24.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our clothes are wrong, our furniture is wrong,\Nour cars are wrong, we are wrong
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.29,0:15:27.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that it can all be made right\Nif we just go shopping.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.03,0:15:30.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Media also helps by hiding\Nall of this and all of this,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.63,0:15:35.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so the only part of the materials economy we see\Nis the shopping.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.74,0:15:39.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The extraction, production and disposal\Nall happen outside our field of vision.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.74,0:15:43.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, in the U.S.\Nwe have more stuff than ever before,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.61,0:15:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but polls show that our national happiness\Nis actually declining.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.91,0:15:53.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Our national happiness peaked in the 1950s,\Nthe same time as this consumption mania exploded.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:54.55,0:15:56.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hmmm. Interesting coincidence.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.46,0:15:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think I know why.\NWe have more stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.03,0:16:02.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we have less time for the things\Nthat really make us happy:
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.83,0:16:06.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,friends, family, leisure time.\NWe’re working harder than ever.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.13,0:16:10.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Some analysts say that we have less\Nleisure time now than in Feudal Society.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.07,0:16:13.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And do you know what\Nthe two main activities are
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.01,0:16:15.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we do with the scant\Nleisure time we have?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.11,0:16:17.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Watch TV and shop.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.48,0:16:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the U.S., we spend 3 to 4 times\Nas many hours shopping
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.22,0:16:25.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as our counterparts in Europe do.\NSo we are in this ridiculous situation
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.82,0:16:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we go to work, maybe two jobs even,\Nand we come home and we’re exhausted
Dialogue: 0,0:16:29.09,0:16:31.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we plop down on our new couch and watch TV\Nand the commercials tell us “YOU SUCK”
Dialogue: 0,0:16:32.89,0:16:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we gotta go to the mall to buy something\Nto feel better, and then you gotta go to work more
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.53,0:16:38.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to pay for the stuff you just bought\Nso you come home and you’re more tired
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.10,0:16:40.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you sit down and watch more T.V.\Nand it tells you to go to the mall again
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.27,0:16:46.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we’re on this crazy work-watch-spend treadmill\Nand we could just stop.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.07,0:16:49.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in the end, what happens\NTo all the stuff we buy anyway?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:50.08,0:16:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At this rate of consumption,\Nit can’t fit into our houses
Dialogue: 0,0:16:52.68,0:16:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,even though the average\Nhouse size has doubled
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.95,0:16:57.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this country since the 1970s.\NIt all goes out in the garbage.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.92,0:17:01.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And that brings us to disposal.\NThis is the part of the materials economy
Dialogue: 0,0:17:02.05,0:17:05.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we all know the most because we have to haul\Nthe junk out to the curb ourselves.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.76,0:17:10.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each of us in the United States\Nmakes 4 1/2 pounds of garbage a day.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:10.60,0:17:12.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is twice what we each\Nmade thirty years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.10,0:17:17.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All of this garbage either gets dumped in a\Nlandfill, which is just a big hole in the ground,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.74,0:17:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or if you’re really unlucky, first it’s burned in\Nan incinerator and then dumped in a landfill.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:23.11,0:17:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Either way, both pollute the air, land, water\Nand, don’t forget, change the climate.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.08,0:17:31.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Incineration is really bad.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.78,0:17:33.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember those toxics\Nback in the production stage?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:34.35,0:17:37.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well burning the garbage releases\Nthe toxics up into the air.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:37.89,0:17:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even worse, it makes new super toxics.\NLike dioxin.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:42.36,0:17:45.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Dioxin is the most toxic man made\Nsubstance known to science.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:45.93,0:17:48.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And incinerators are the number one\Nsource of dioxin.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.40,0:17:54.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That means that we could stop the number one\Nsource of the most toxic man-made substance known
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.31,0:17:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just by stopping burning the trash.\NWe could stop it today.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.08,0:18:02.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now some companies don’t want to deal\Nwith building landfills and incinerators here,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.91,0:18:07.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so they just export the disposal too.\NWhat about recycling? Does recycling help?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:08.72,0:18:12.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, recycling helps.\Nreduces the garbage at this end
Dialogue: 0,0:18:13.19,0:18:15.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it reduces the pressure to mine\Nand harvest new stuff at this end.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.43,0:18:20.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Yes, Yes, Yes, we should all recycle.\NBut recycling is not enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.97,0:18:23.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Recycling will never be enough.\NFor a couple of reasons.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.37,0:18:28.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First, the waste coming out of our houses\Nis just the tip of the iceberg.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:28.91,0:18:31.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For every one garbage can of waste\Nyou put out on the curb,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.35,0:18:34.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,70 garbage cans of waste\Nwere made upstream
Dialogue: 0,0:18:35.28,0:18:37.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,just to make the junk in that one garbage can\Nyou put out on the curb.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:38.38,0:18:41.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So even if we could recycle 100 percent of the\Nwaste coming out of our households,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.32,0:18:47.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it doesn’t get to the core of the problems.\NAlso much of the garbage can’t be recycled,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.96,0:18:52.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,either because it contains too many toxics, or it\Nis designed NOT to be recyclable in the firs place
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.60,0:18:56.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like those juice packs with layers\Nof metal and paper and plastic
Dialogue: 0,0:18:57.54,0:19:01.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all smooshed together.\NYou can never separate those for true recycling.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.17,0:19:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you see, it is a system in crisis.\NAll along the way, we are bumping up limits.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:08.65,0:19:12.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From changing climate to declining happiness,\Nit’s just not working.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.15,0:19:15.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the good thing about such\Nan all pervasive problem
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.25,0:19:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that there are so many points\Nof intervention.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.92,0:19:21.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are people working here on saving forests\Nand here on clean production.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.16,0:19:23.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People working on labor rights and fair trade
Dialogue: 0,0:19:24.93,0:19:27.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and conscious consuming and blocking\Nlandfills and incinerators
Dialogue: 0,0:19:28.30,0:19:30.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, very importantly,\Non taking back our government
Dialogue: 0,0:19:31.40,0:19:33.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it is really is by the people\Nand for the people.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.87,0:19:38.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All this work is critically important\Nbut things are really gonna start moving
Dialogue: 0,0:19:39.08,0:19:41.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when we see the connections,\Nwhen we see the big picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:42.01,0:19:46.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When people along this system get united,\Nwe can reclaim and transform this linear system
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.82,0:19:51.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,into something new, a system that doesn’t\Nwaste resources or people.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.19,0:19:55.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because what we really need to chuck\Nis this old-school throw-away mindset.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.49,0:19:59.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There’s a new school of thinking on this stuff\Nand it’s based on sustainability and equity:
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.50,0:20:03.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Green Chemistry, Zero Waste,\NClosed Loop Production,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.80,0:20:07.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Renewable Energy,\NLocal living Economies.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.01,0:20:12.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It’s already happening. Now some say\Nit’s unrealistic, idealistic, that it can’t happen
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.98,0:20:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I say the ones who are unrealistic are those\Nthat want to continue on the old path.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:17.62,0:20:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That’s dreaming.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.38,0:20:24.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember that old way didn’t just happen.\NIt’s not like gravity that we just gotta live with
Dialogue: 0,0:20:25.12,0:20:29.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,People created it. And we’re people too.\NSo let’s create something new.