[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.71,0:00:29.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Every year there are 5 million girls married\Nunder the age of 15. Child Marriage exists
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.57,0:00:39.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,around the world. In South Asia, Sub-Saharan\NAfrica, the Middle East and North Africa.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.21,0:00:46.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's across regions, it's across cultures,\Nit's across religions. Child is an abuse of
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.82,0:00:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,human rights. Girls are married at an age\Nin which they are supposed to be in school.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:57.03,0:01:04.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are supposed to be protected. And they\Nare called to be playing roles of adults,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.50,0:01:11.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they are girls. When I was 8 years old\Nand my sister was 10 years old, my uncle came
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.82,0:01:20.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to our grandfather's place and he told him,\NI think now these girls are big enough for
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.67,0:01:27.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,circumcision. So, you know, you first have\Nto be circumcised for you to get married.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.36,0:01:40.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We managed to escape for the first time. And\Nthen, my uncle came. We were beaten and all
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.32,0:01:44.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that and then we had to tell him, uncle we\Npromise that next time we are not going to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.20,0:01:51.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,run away. These children who have to sleep\Nwith old men, don't even know what they're
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.09,0:02:01.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going to be doing in bed. And it is vicious.Traditionally,\Nculturally, it is accepted, especially in
Dialogue: 0,0:02:14.13,0:02:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the rural areas. And also because of poverty.\NPoverty is the main reason for early marriage.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.82,0:02:29.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When the family is very poor and they have\Nmany children, boys and girls, they prefer
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.34,0:02:36.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to send some of the female from the house\Nto another family.For the individual girl,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.75,0:02:46.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it can be a time when her life changes dramatically.\NBut when you magnify that across a whole country,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.02,0:02:55.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can see the impact it has at a macro level.\NWhen girls are marrying below the age of 15,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.77,0:03:02.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they are interrupting their education too\Nsoon, they are reducing their economic potential
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.81,0:03:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in perpetuity, they are at much greater risk\Nof dying in childbirth, of their infant dying
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.54,0:03:16.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the first year of life, and are going to\Nexperience higher lifetime fertility and greater
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.59,0:03:22.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,rates of poverty, that magnified across the\Ncountry really perpetuates a cycle of poverty
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.24,0:03:26.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for these countries.\NIssues related to human security, issues like
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.75,0:03:33.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,child marriage, are simply not soft issues.\NThey are issues that can affect the stability
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.26,0:03:40.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of countries, they are issues that can affect\Nthe economic development of these countries.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.11,0:03:47.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are every bit as dangerous as wars over\Nnatural resources or wars that result from
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.93,0:03:54.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cultural differences. We as a global community\Nnot only have a moral interest in protecting
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.42,0:04:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,young girls in particular but we have our\Nown security interest at heart.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.81,0:04:11.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you care about economic development, you\Ncare about investing in women in girls, you
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.27,0:04:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,care about reducing maternal mortality and\Ninfant mortality, you have to look at child
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.30,0:04:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,marriage as a driver of all of these things.\NThe evidence shows us, and common sense would
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.77,0:04:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,show us as well, that education can delay\Nand even prevent child marriage. It can raise
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.85,0:04:34.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incomes and it certainly can improve health.\N(4:30)There are a number of ways that the
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.58,0:04:39.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,international community has sought in the\Npast to address isues like child marriage.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.78,0:04:46.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Frequently, we adopt sanctions. We've also\Nseen situations where we try to name and shame.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.79,0:04:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other situations we try to address it through\Ngeneral economic development approaches, through
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.30,0:04:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,girls' empowerment and girls' education. And\Nthen there are other situations where you
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.76,0:05:05.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,want to act with local actors, whether those\Nare legislators or government officials or
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.83,0:05:13.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,traditional leaders. And what we've found\Nall around the world is that empowering those
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.18,0:05:16.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,individuals within their own societies who\Ncan speak to their counter parts has been
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.47,0:05:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by far the most effective approach.\NYou don't just empower them by telling them
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.62,0:05:27.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this is bad. (5:19)You need to target decision\Nmakers, what we call the cultural elders.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:27.40,0:05:31.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We need to involve the young men because they\Nare the future husbands of these girls, they
Dialogue: 0,0:05:31.32,0:05:37.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the ones who are marrying them. Everyone\Nneeds to get informed, and let the decision
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.18,0:05:44.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,come from them.\N(5:40) it is not a disease, child marriage.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:46.74,0:05:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a social condition. We are not talking\Nabout Polio, here. We are talking about social
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.07,0:06:01.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,engineering that will require many, many things\Nin place to really eradicate this. I think
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.07,0:06:06.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that it can be done within a generation.\N(6:05) The issue of child marriage has been
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.50,0:06:13.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,elevated in recent years both in terms of\NU.S. foreign policy and on the world stage.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.02,0:06:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And at the country level I think we are also\Nseeing signs of progress. So for example,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.70,0:06:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,take a country like Ethiopia where you have\Na government that has actually committed to
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.26,0:06:31.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,addressing this issue.\N(6:29) One day, if I get a girl, I think she's
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.45,0:06:38.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,really going to enjoy all the rights I didn't\Nenjoy. She's going to go to school, definitely
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.50,0:06:43.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,she's not going to get circumcised, she's\Nnot going to get married. Well, if she wants
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.23,0:06:48.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to get married it's fine, if she doesn't want\Nto get married, that's it. I can't really
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.50,0:06:55.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,force her. She's going to decide for herself\Nwhat she wants.