1
00:00:00,030 --> 00:00:05,339
Okay, cool. So, welcome to the third

2
00:00:03,360 --> 00:00:07,500
lecture of the missing semester of your

3
00:00:05,339 --> 00:00:09,990
si a second today we're going to be

4
00:00:07,500 --> 00:00:11,759
talking about text editors this is a

5
00:00:09,990 --> 00:00:13,259
topic that I really like I think it's

6
00:00:11,759 --> 00:00:14,940
one of the most valuable topics that

7
00:00:13,259 --> 00:00:17,130
we're teaching in this class because as

8
00:00:14,940 --> 00:00:19,619
programmers you spend so much of your

9
00:00:17,130 --> 00:00:21,840
time editing text editing programs that

10
00:00:19,619 --> 00:00:23,609
if you invest time into making yourself

11
00:00:21,840 --> 00:00:25,580
more efficient at doing this you'll save

12
00:00:23,609 --> 00:00:27,990
a ton of time probably hundreds of hours

13
00:00:25,580 --> 00:00:31,980
over the course of your undergrad or

14
00:00:27,990 --> 00:00:33,510
over the course of your career so text

15
00:00:31,980 --> 00:00:36,480
editors are a little bit different than

16
00:00:33,510 --> 00:00:38,280
other programs you might use to edit say

17
00:00:36,480 --> 00:00:39,750
things like English prose because

18
00:00:38,280 --> 00:00:41,760
programming is different than writing

19
00:00:39,750 --> 00:00:44,160
English prose when you're programming

20
00:00:41,760 --> 00:00:45,600
you spend a lot of time reading what

21
00:00:44,160 --> 00:00:47,579
you've written you spend a lot of time

22
00:00:45,600 --> 00:00:49,079
navigating around a buffer and you spend

23
00:00:47,579 --> 00:00:51,030
a lot of time making little edits to

24
00:00:49,079 --> 00:00:52,860
code all over the place rather than just

25
00:00:51,030 --> 00:00:53,789
writing in a long stream like you do

26
00:00:52,860 --> 00:00:55,289
when you're writing an essay or

27
00:00:53,789 --> 00:00:56,460
something and so it makes sense that

28
00:00:55,289 --> 00:00:57,899
there different programs for these

29
00:00:56,460 --> 00:00:59,309
different purposes right so yeah things

30
00:00:57,899 --> 00:01:01,440
like Microsoft Word for writing essays

31
00:00:59,309 --> 00:01:05,820
and things like vim and Emacs and vs

32
00:01:01,440 --> 00:01:07,409
code and sublime for writing code so the

33
00:01:05,820 --> 00:01:09,180
way you learn a text editor and become

34
00:01:07,409 --> 00:01:11,130
really good at it is you start with a

35
00:01:09,180 --> 00:01:12,840
tutorial and so that's basically going

36
00:01:11,130 --> 00:01:15,720
to be the function of today's lecture

37
00:01:12,840 --> 00:01:17,759
plus the exercises we've given you and

38
00:01:15,720 --> 00:01:19,950
then after the tutorial you need to

39
00:01:17,759 --> 00:01:22,020
stick with the editor for all your

40
00:01:19,950 --> 00:01:24,000
editing tasks and when you're learning a

41
00:01:22,020 --> 00:01:25,380
sophisticated tool so today we're going

42
00:01:24,000 --> 00:01:26,850
to teach you vim which is one powerful

43
00:01:25,380 --> 00:01:28,229
editor that a lot of programmers use

44
00:01:26,850 --> 00:01:30,240
when you're learning such a

45
00:01:28,229 --> 00:01:32,400
sophisticated tool it may be the case

46
00:01:30,240 --> 00:01:33,750
that initially switching to this tool

47
00:01:32,400 --> 00:01:35,850
slows you down a little bit when you're

48
00:01:33,750 --> 00:01:38,729
programming but stick with it because

49
00:01:35,850 --> 00:01:41,340
I'd say that in about 20 hours of

50
00:01:38,729 --> 00:01:42,990
programming using a new editor you'll be

51
00:01:41,340 --> 00:01:44,790
back to the same speed at which you

52
00:01:42,990 --> 00:01:46,350
programmed using your old tool and then

53
00:01:44,790 --> 00:01:47,759
after that the benefits will start and

54
00:01:46,350 --> 00:01:50,189
you'll get faster and faster as you

55
00:01:47,759 --> 00:01:53,579
learn more with these sophisticated

56
00:01:50,189 --> 00:01:55,079
programs like them it takes not way too

57
00:01:53,579 --> 00:01:58,200
long to learn the basics but a lifetime

58
00:01:55,079 --> 00:01:59,759
to master and so throughout the time

59
00:01:58,200 --> 00:02:01,649
you're using this tool make sure you

60
00:01:59,759 --> 00:02:03,240
look things up as you go if you ever get

61
00:02:01,649 --> 00:02:04,710
to a point where you're like oh this is

62
00:02:03,240 --> 00:02:06,420
a really inefficient way of doing things

63
00:02:04,710 --> 00:02:09,660
is there a better way the answer is

64
00:02:06,420 --> 00:02:11,730
almost always yes because these text

65
00:02:09,660 --> 00:02:13,709
editors were written by programmers for

66
00:02:11,730 --> 00:02:13,970
programmers and so of course like the

67
00:02:13,709 --> 00:02:15,200
peep

68
00:02:13,970 --> 00:02:17,330
I wrote these tolls ran into the same

69
00:02:15,200 --> 00:02:18,080
kinds of issues and fixed them so that

70
00:02:17,330 --> 00:02:19,760
you don't need to deal with these

71
00:02:18,080 --> 00:02:21,860
anymore and so yeah as you're learning

72
00:02:19,760 --> 00:02:23,870
make sure you look things up as you go

73
00:02:21,860 --> 00:02:25,370
either use Google or feel free to send

74
00:02:23,870 --> 00:02:27,320
us emails if you have questions or come

75
00:02:25,370 --> 00:02:29,590
to office hours and we'll help you

76
00:02:27,320 --> 00:02:32,300
figure out how to do things really fast

77
00:02:29,590 --> 00:02:34,130
so as far as which editor to learn in

78
00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:35,510
previous iterations of this class we

79
00:02:34,130 --> 00:02:36,890
actually avoided teaching a specific

80
00:02:35,510 --> 00:02:39,050
editor because we didn't want to enforce

81
00:02:36,890 --> 00:02:40,430
our opinions on you guys but we actually

82
00:02:39,050 --> 00:02:42,050
think that it's really useful to teach

83
00:02:40,430 --> 00:02:44,900
you how to use one particular tool and

84
00:02:42,050 --> 00:02:46,459
use it well and so people have really

85
00:02:44,900 --> 00:02:48,500
strong opinions about editor so you can

86
00:02:46,459 --> 00:02:52,040
see the course notes for more links on

87
00:02:48,500 --> 00:02:54,080
this topic looking at which editors have

88
00:02:52,040 --> 00:02:56,660
been popular over the years Stack

89
00:02:54,080 --> 00:02:59,090
Overflow I'm sure you've all heard of

90
00:02:56,660 --> 00:03:00,320
that does a survey every year asking

91
00:02:59,090 --> 00:03:02,000
developers various questions and one

92
00:03:00,320 --> 00:03:03,440
thing to ask is which TextEdit Derk do

93
00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:05,300
you use and it seems to be that

94
00:03:03,440 --> 00:03:07,730
currently the most popular kind of

95
00:03:05,300 --> 00:03:10,160
graphical editor is vs code and the most

96
00:03:07,730 --> 00:03:12,440
popular editor that is based within a

97
00:03:10,160 --> 00:03:13,910
command line interface is vim and so

98
00:03:12,440 --> 00:03:16,040
we're going to be teaching you vim and

99
00:03:13,910 --> 00:03:17,810
there a couple reasons for this one is

100
00:03:16,040 --> 00:03:19,970
that all the instructors so me John and

101
00:03:17,810 --> 00:03:21,320
Jose use vim as our primary editor and

102
00:03:19,970 --> 00:03:23,150
we've been doing this for many years and

103
00:03:21,320 --> 00:03:25,010
we've been very happy with it

104
00:03:23,150 --> 00:03:28,820
and we think that there are a lot of

105
00:03:25,010 --> 00:03:30,500
interesting ideas behind them so even if

106
00:03:28,820 --> 00:03:32,450
you don't end up using this particular

107
00:03:30,500 --> 00:03:35,540
tool in the long term I think it's

108
00:03:32,450 --> 00:03:37,280
valuable to learn these ideas and also a

109
00:03:35,540 --> 00:03:39,200
lot of tools have actually been really

110
00:03:37,280 --> 00:03:42,200
excited about the ideas in vim and so

111
00:03:39,200 --> 00:03:44,360
they support a vim emulation mode for

112
00:03:42,200 --> 00:03:45,820
example vs code what's apparently the

113
00:03:44,360 --> 00:03:48,170
most popular editor in use today

114
00:03:45,820 --> 00:03:50,660
supports vim bindings and this vim

115
00:03:48,170 --> 00:03:53,630
emulation mode as of now has like 1.4

116
00:03:50,660 --> 00:03:56,450
million downloads and as you'll see over

117
00:03:53,630 --> 00:03:57,830
the course of this lecture a lot of

118
00:03:56,450 --> 00:03:59,570
different tools like including your

119
00:03:57,830 --> 00:04:01,730
shell including things like the Python

120
00:03:59,570 --> 00:04:03,200
repple and like Jupiter notebook and all

121
00:04:01,730 --> 00:04:04,940
sorts of other things even your web

122
00:04:03,200 --> 00:04:06,890
browser can support of emulation mode

123
00:04:04,940 --> 00:04:10,400
and so yeah we're going to be teaching

124
00:04:06,890 --> 00:04:12,140
you this really neat tool today and in

125
00:04:10,400 --> 00:04:14,390
this lecture we can't really cover all

126
00:04:12,140 --> 00:04:17,030
of them right it's a very powerful tool

127
00:04:14,390 --> 00:04:18,769
but our goal is to teach you and the

128
00:04:17,030 --> 00:04:20,720
core philosophy of them like the really

129
00:04:18,769 --> 00:04:22,370
neat ideas behind it and then in

130
00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:23,750
addition to that some of the basics like

131
00:04:22,370 --> 00:04:25,490
how do you open a file close a file

132
00:04:23,750 --> 00:04:27,010
navigate around a file make edits and

133
00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:28,630
things like that and

134
00:04:27,010 --> 00:04:29,950
you may not remember every single little

135
00:04:28,630 --> 00:04:31,030
detail from this lecture because we're

136
00:04:29,950 --> 00:04:32,860
gonna go pretty fast through some of the

137
00:04:31,030 --> 00:04:34,510
material but it's all in the lecture

138
00:04:32,860 --> 00:04:36,640
notes and then the exercises actually

139
00:04:34,510 --> 00:04:37,900
give you links to some tutorials and

140
00:04:36,640 --> 00:04:40,030
things so I highly recommend that you

141
00:04:37,900 --> 00:04:43,840
actually go through all the exercises at

142
00:04:40,030 --> 00:04:49,450
least the non advanced exercises any

143
00:04:43,840 --> 00:04:51,250
questions so far great okay so one of

144
00:04:49,450 --> 00:04:54,160
the really cool ideas behind them is

145
00:04:51,250 --> 00:04:56,080
that vim is a modal editor what does

146
00:04:54,160 --> 00:04:58,450
this mean modal comes from the word mode

147
00:04:56,080 --> 00:05:00,970
and this means that vim has multiple

148
00:04:58,450 --> 00:05:02,920
operating modes and this is kind of

149
00:05:00,970 --> 00:05:04,570
developed from the idea that when you're

150
00:05:02,920 --> 00:05:05,950
programming there often times where

151
00:05:04,570 --> 00:05:07,420
you're doing different types of things

152
00:05:05,950 --> 00:05:09,220
like sometimes you're reading code

153
00:05:07,420 --> 00:05:10,960
sometimes you're making small edits to

154
00:05:09,220 --> 00:05:12,340
code like you're finding a particular

155
00:05:10,960 --> 00:05:15,040
point like changing a little thing

156
00:05:12,340 --> 00:05:16,540
somewhere sometimes you're just writing

157
00:05:15,040 --> 00:05:17,470
a lot of code in one go like suppose

158
00:05:16,540 --> 00:05:19,090
you're just writing a function from

159
00:05:17,470 --> 00:05:20,380
scratch and so there's different

160
00:05:19,090 --> 00:05:24,070
operating modes for doing these

161
00:05:20,380 --> 00:05:25,180
different types of things and so I'm

162
00:05:24,070 --> 00:05:26,470
actually want to write this down on the

163
00:05:25,180 --> 00:05:28,780
blackboard so I'll have a useful thing

164
00:05:26,470 --> 00:05:33,280
to refer to later so when you start vim

165
00:05:28,780 --> 00:05:35,260
up it starts up in what's called normal

166
00:05:33,280 --> 00:05:37,270
mode and in this mode all the different

167
00:05:35,260 --> 00:05:38,650
key combinations behave in one way and

168
00:05:37,270 --> 00:05:40,030
then there are different key

169
00:05:38,650 --> 00:05:42,400
combinations that switch you between

170
00:05:40,030 --> 00:05:45,880
normal mode and other modes which change

171
00:05:42,400 --> 00:05:47,950
the meaning of different keys so for the

172
00:05:45,880 --> 00:05:49,870
most part you'll be spending most of

173
00:05:47,950 --> 00:05:55,420
your time in vim in normal mode or what

174
00:05:49,870 --> 00:05:57,400
is called insert mode and to go to

175
00:05:55,420 --> 00:05:59,530
insert mode you press the key I for

176
00:05:57,400 --> 00:06:01,600
normal mode and to go from insert mode

177
00:05:59,530 --> 00:06:06,700
back to normal mode you press the Escape

178
00:06:01,600 --> 00:06:09,580
key a little note on notation because

179
00:06:06,700 --> 00:06:11,020
we'll need this later in the notation

180
00:06:09,580 --> 00:06:12,610
I'm going to be using in this lecture

181
00:06:11,020 --> 00:06:15,100
and what's also in the lecture notes and

182
00:06:12,610 --> 00:06:16,150
what vim uses to give you feedback they

183
00:06:15,100 --> 00:06:17,740
have a couple different ways of talking

184
00:06:16,150 --> 00:06:19,270
about different keys so when they're

185
00:06:17,740 --> 00:06:20,440
talking about bare keys like just the

186
00:06:19,270 --> 00:06:22,660
eye key on your keyboard they'll just

187
00:06:20,440 --> 00:06:24,310
say eye but for a different key

188
00:06:22,660 --> 00:06:27,130
combinations like when you press control

189
00:06:24,310 --> 00:06:29,920
and something like say control V it's

190
00:06:27,130 --> 00:06:32,350
notated in one of like approximately

191
00:06:29,920 --> 00:06:34,600
three ways one way that can be notated

192
00:06:32,350 --> 00:06:37,480
is a caret and then the control

193
00:06:34,600 --> 00:06:39,580
character so this is control V another

194
00:06:37,480 --> 00:06:40,660
way this might be written I think we've

195
00:06:39,580 --> 00:06:42,250
written it this way in

196
00:06:40,660 --> 00:06:43,150
lecture notes as control-v this is

197
00:06:42,250 --> 00:06:46,060
probably the one you're more used to

198
00:06:43,150 --> 00:06:48,880
seeing and then in some parts of them

199
00:06:46,060 --> 00:06:51,010
this is written as angle brackets C - V

200
00:06:48,880 --> 00:06:54,210
close angle bracket so just a little bit

201
00:06:51,010 --> 00:06:54,210
of notation that will be useful later

202
00:06:54,220 --> 00:06:59,350
so yeah vim has a couple different modes

203
00:06:56,950 --> 00:07:01,540
where normal mode is designed for

204
00:06:59,350 --> 00:07:03,520
navigating around a file reading things

205
00:07:01,540 --> 00:07:05,620
going from file to file things like that

206
00:07:03,520 --> 00:07:08,380
and then insert mode is where you type

207
00:07:05,620 --> 00:07:10,330
in text so most keys that you press here

208
00:07:08,380 --> 00:07:12,040
will just go into your text buffer where

209
00:07:10,330 --> 00:07:13,780
as keys that you press here are not

210
00:07:12,040 --> 00:07:15,190
being put into the buffer and instead

211
00:07:13,780 --> 00:07:20,380
are used for things like navigation or

212
00:07:15,190 --> 00:07:21,520
making edits and actually the picture is

213
00:07:20,380 --> 00:07:23,200
a little bit more complicated than this

214
00:07:21,520 --> 00:07:24,370
there are a whole bunch of other modes

215
00:07:23,200 --> 00:07:25,900
and I'm just gonna write them down here

216
00:07:24,370 --> 00:07:29,050
because we'll have them here to refer to

217
00:07:25,900 --> 00:07:33,100
later and so if it also has a replace

218
00:07:29,050 --> 00:07:34,030
mode for rather than inserting text and

219
00:07:33,100 --> 00:07:36,160
kind of pushing what's ahead of it

220
00:07:34,030 --> 00:07:37,810
forward it will overwrite text and then

221
00:07:36,160 --> 00:07:44,920
it has a bunch of different modes for

222
00:07:37,810 --> 00:07:48,040
selection so it has a mode called visual

223
00:07:44,920 --> 00:07:53,710
mode and then it has visual line and

224
00:07:48,040 --> 00:07:57,040
visual block this one is enter via the R

225
00:07:53,710 --> 00:08:01,810
key this was entered via the V key this

226
00:07:57,040 --> 00:08:05,680
one is entered via shift B and this one

227
00:08:01,810 --> 00:08:13,300
is entered via control V and then

228
00:08:05,680 --> 00:08:17,430
there's the command line mode which is

229
00:08:13,300 --> 00:08:17,430
entered via the colon key

230
00:08:19,180 --> 00:08:31,300
okay so now that we have that on the

231
00:08:21,070 --> 00:08:35,230
board to refer to later we can actually

232
00:08:31,300 --> 00:08:36,340
try some of this out all right so one

233
00:08:35,230 --> 00:08:38,560
thing we noticed looking at that picture

234
00:08:36,340 --> 00:08:40,390
is that to go from normal mode to any of

235
00:08:38,560 --> 00:08:41,800
the other modes we press some key but to

236
00:08:40,390 --> 00:08:43,330
go from any of the other modes back to

237
00:08:41,800 --> 00:08:45,190
normal mode where we spend a lot of our

238
00:08:43,330 --> 00:08:48,640
time we use the Escape key on our

239
00:08:45,190 --> 00:08:49,960
keyboard so for this reason since you

240
00:08:48,640 --> 00:08:51,970
under pressing the Escape key a lot when

241
00:08:49,960 --> 00:08:53,650
using vim a lot of programmers rebind

242
00:08:51,970 --> 00:08:55,180
one of the keys on their keyboard to be

243
00:08:53,650 --> 00:08:56,620
escape because it's really inconvenient

244
00:08:55,180 --> 00:08:58,060
to reach up with your left pinkie to

245
00:08:56,620 --> 00:08:59,920
press that tiny little Escape key in the

246
00:08:58,060 --> 00:09:01,870
corner of your keyboard and so a lot of

247
00:08:59,920 --> 00:09:04,540
people use the caps lock key instead so

248
00:09:01,870 --> 00:09:06,580
it's right there in the home row and we

249
00:09:04,540 --> 00:09:14,380
have some links in the lecture notes for

250
00:09:06,580 --> 00:09:15,730
how you can do this key rebinding okay

251
00:09:14,380 --> 00:09:17,500
so now that we've talked about kind of

252
00:09:15,730 --> 00:09:19,300
one of the core ideas of vim the idea of

253
00:09:17,500 --> 00:09:20,830
modal editing we can talk about some of

254
00:09:19,300 --> 00:09:23,080
the basics like how do you open up this

255
00:09:20,830 --> 00:09:25,870
text editor how do you open file save

256
00:09:23,080 --> 00:09:28,240
files and things like that and so this

257
00:09:25,870 --> 00:09:29,740
is a command line based program although

258
00:09:28,240 --> 00:09:31,900
there are some graphical variants and

259
00:09:29,740 --> 00:09:34,420
the way you start this program is by

260
00:09:31,900 --> 00:09:35,800
running vim one thing you might notice

261
00:09:34,420 --> 00:09:37,510
is that in the bottom left corner of my

262
00:09:35,800 --> 00:09:40,090
screen they actually saw what I just

263
00:09:37,510 --> 00:09:41,530
typed this will be useful later in this

264
00:09:40,090 --> 00:09:44,020
lecture where I'm actually typing in

265
00:09:41,530 --> 00:09:45,370
commands for vim and I'll be saying what

266
00:09:44,020 --> 00:09:47,890
I'm typing but you'll also see it on the

267
00:09:45,370 --> 00:09:50,380
screen so if I press ctrl C see it says

268
00:09:47,890 --> 00:09:55,510
ctrl C over there is that text big

269
00:09:50,380 --> 00:09:57,610
enough for everybody to read great okay

270
00:09:55,510 --> 00:09:59,800
so the way we open vim is just by

271
00:09:57,610 --> 00:10:02,470
running the program vim on our command

272
00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:03,790
line and this comes pre-installed on

273
00:10:02,470 --> 00:10:05,020
most systems and if you don't have it

274
00:10:03,790 --> 00:10:07,600
you can install it using your package

275
00:10:05,020 --> 00:10:08,560
manager vim can also take an argument if

276
00:10:07,600 --> 00:10:10,570
we want to use it to edit a particular

277
00:10:08,560 --> 00:10:12,850
file instead of just opening up the

278
00:10:10,570 --> 00:10:15,310
program then later opening a file so for

279
00:10:12,850 --> 00:10:17,140
example I have a file in this directory

280
00:10:15,310 --> 00:10:19,690
this is actually the lecture notes for

281
00:10:17,140 --> 00:10:21,940
this lecture so I can do vim editors MD

282
00:10:19,690 --> 00:10:25,690
and press ENTER and then boom them is

283
00:10:21,940 --> 00:10:29,820
started and then in this lecture I'm not

284
00:10:25,690 --> 00:10:32,860
running vim in the completely Exton I've

285
00:10:29,820 --> 00:10:34,930
configured a couple of things that

286
00:10:32,860 --> 00:10:36,940
behave a little bit nicer by defaults

287
00:10:34,930 --> 00:10:38,410
little things like having line numbers

288
00:10:36,940 --> 00:10:40,210
on the left or having some more status

289
00:10:38,410 --> 00:10:41,140
information on the bottom and if you

290
00:10:40,210 --> 00:10:42,850
want to start with this default

291
00:10:41,140 --> 00:10:43,930
configuration we have a link to this in

292
00:10:42,850 --> 00:10:49,270
the lecture notes so you can get a

293
00:10:43,930 --> 00:10:51,250
slightly more sane config by default. So,

294
00:10:49,270 --> 00:10:53,290
once you've opened Vim, what do you do?

295
00:10:51,250 --> 00:10:54,580
Well, as I said earlier, Vim starts in

296
00:10:53,290 --> 00:10:57,880
normal mode, so if I just start typing

297
00:10:54,580 --> 00:10:59,650
letters like, say, type X it didn't insert

298
00:10:57,880 --> 00:11:01,660
X into the buffer. You can see the cursor

299
00:10:59,650 --> 00:11:03,610
up in the top left: it actually deleted

300
00:11:01,660 --> 00:11:07,300
one of the characters. That's because I'm

301
00:11:03,610 --> 00:11:08,620
in normal mode, not insert mode. So insert

302
00:11:07,300 --> 00:11:09,850
mode is basically what you're used to with

303
00:11:08,620 --> 00:11:10,900
all the other text editors you've used

304
00:11:09,850 --> 00:11:12,310
in the past, where there's a cursor

305
00:11:10,900 --> 00:11:15,310
somewhere, you press the character, and it

306
00:11:12,310 --> 00:11:18,130
just goes into your buffer. I'm instead

307
00:11:15,310 --> 00:11:19,900
in vim you start a normal mode and you

308
00:11:18,130 --> 00:11:21,610
can press I to go into insert mode so

309
00:11:19,900 --> 00:11:23,980
see I've pressed I and then in the

310
00:11:21,610 --> 00:11:26,500
bottom left notice that it says - -

311
00:11:23,980 --> 00:11:27,850
insert the bottom left always tells you

312
00:11:26,500 --> 00:11:29,650
what mode you're in unless this normal

313
00:11:27,850 --> 00:11:31,270
mode in which case it's blank and now

314
00:11:29,650 --> 00:11:33,250
that I'm an insert mode if I press the X

315
00:11:31,270 --> 00:11:35,740
character for example see it just gets

316
00:11:33,250 --> 00:11:37,450
inserted into my text buffer and I can

317
00:11:35,740 --> 00:11:39,580
backspace over at type other stuff and

318
00:11:37,450 --> 00:11:41,400
now my text editor kind of behaves like

319
00:11:39,580 --> 00:11:43,780
you'd expect any other program to behave

320
00:11:41,400 --> 00:11:45,520
so from this point how to go back to

321
00:11:43,780 --> 00:11:48,910
normal mode if I want to stop inserting

322
00:11:45,520 --> 00:11:51,670
characters. Yes, exactly. I press escape.

323
00:11:48,910 --> 00:11:53,830
And, that's the symbol my keystroke

324
00:11:51,670 --> 00:11:58,960
visualizer uses for escape, so

325
00:11:53,830 --> 00:12:01,150
just be aware of that. And then, Vim has

326
00:11:58,960 --> 00:12:02,890
this idea, that using the mouse is

327
00:12:01,150 --> 00:12:04,570
inefficient, like your hands are on the

328
00:12:02,890 --> 00:12:06,460
keyboard, moving your hand over to the

329
00:12:04,570 --> 00:12:08,290
mouse takes a lot of time, right, like you

330
00:12:06,460 --> 00:12:09,610
don't want to waste those couple of

331
00:12:08,290 --> 00:12:11,410
milliseconds while you're programming,

332
00:12:09,610 --> 00:12:13,990
like in the middle of things. So, instead,

333
00:12:11,410 --> 00:12:15,700
all Vim functionality can be accessed

334
00:12:13,990 --> 00:12:16,780
just through the keyboard. And, it's all

335
00:12:15,700 --> 00:12:19,330
sorts of things you might be used to

336
00:12:16,780 --> 00:12:21,460
doing like opening files by going, like,

337
00:12:19,330 --> 00:12:23,050
file open, or file save, or things like

338
00:12:21,460 --> 00:12:25,450
that, or instead access through the

339
00:12:23,050 --> 00:12:27,520
keyboard. And, how is that done? That's

340
00:12:25,450 --> 00:12:28,690
done through one of the other Vim modes

341
00:12:27,520 --> 00:12:31,960
that are on the board over there. In

342
00:12:28,690 --> 00:12:33,850
particular, through command line mode. So,

343
00:12:31,960 --> 00:12:36,370
if you're in normal mode, and you press

344
00:12:33,850 --> 00:12:39,370
the ":" key, you'll notice that the

345
00:12:36,370 --> 00:12:41,320
cursor - I guess my visualizer is covering

346
00:12:39,370 --> 00:12:43,060
the thing right now but it's gone - the

347
00:12:41,320 --> 00:12:46,110
cursor jumps to the bottom - the bottom

348
00:12:43,060 --> 00:12:48,510
left - and it shows that ":" I just typed.

349
00:12:46,110 --> 00:12:50,220
Now, I can type in a command. So, you can

350
00:12:48,510 --> 00:12:51,570
think of this almost like the command

351
00:12:50,220 --> 00:12:53,160
shell that we've talked been talking

352
00:12:51,570 --> 00:12:54,029
about over the last few days, except this

353
00:12:53,160 --> 00:12:55,800
is Vim's

354
00:12:54,029 --> 00:12:57,200
command shell, so you give Vim commands

355
00:12:55,800 --> 00:12:59,339
here, instead of shell commands. And

356
00:12:57,200 --> 00:13:00,600
there are a bunch of built-in commands

357
00:12:59,339 --> 00:13:02,820
that do all the things that you're used

358
00:13:00,600 --> 00:13:04,260
to. Like, for example, one command that you

359
00:13:02,820 --> 00:13:05,670
might want to know is how to quit this

360
00:13:04,260 --> 00:13:07,440
editor. You might notice that if you're in

361
00:13:05,670 --> 00:13:08,730
normal mode, I can press "Escape" to go

362
00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:11,940
back from command line mode to normal

363
00:13:08,730 --> 00:13:13,560
mode, and I press "control C", unlike what

364
00:13:11,940 --> 00:13:16,019
happens to a lot of programs, this doesn't

365
00:13:13,560 --> 00:13:18,360
quit Vim. So, how do I quit Vim? I can

366
00:13:16,019 --> 00:13:19,860
press ":", and then go into command

367
00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:23,430
line mode, and then I can type in the

368
00:13:19,860 --> 00:13:24,870
command "quit". "Q-U-I-T". You'll see that I

369
00:13:23,430 --> 00:13:28,560
- maybe I should move this over to the

370
00:13:24,870 --> 00:13:31,350
middle or something - see, it says ":quit"

371
00:13:28,560 --> 00:13:32,910
and I press ENTER, and it quits Vim. I can

372
00:13:31,350 --> 00:13:35,490
open Vim up again. There's actually a

373
00:13:32,910 --> 00:13:38,430
short form for this command, just ":q", and

374
00:13:35,490 --> 00:13:40,019
that'll do the same thing. And, there are a

375
00:13:38,430 --> 00:13:42,839
bunch of other useful commands like this.

376
00:13:40,019 --> 00:13:45,149
So, some other handy ones to know are

377
00:13:42,839 --> 00:13:47,790
how do you save a file? So, suppose I make

378
00:13:45,149 --> 00:13:51,420
some edits here, like "hello world".

379
00:13:47,790 --> 00:13:53,970
So, I pressed "i" to go into insert mode - or

380
00:13:51,420 --> 00:13:55,560
let me redo that - I press "i" to go into

381
00:13:53,970 --> 00:14:02,010
insert mode. Right now, I can use the down

382
00:13:55,560 --> 00:14:03,240
arrow to... I think I've slightly I

383
00:14:02,010 --> 00:14:07,019
should fix that. Can you fix the config,

384
00:14:03,240 --> 00:14:11,730
actually, John? Never mind that.

385
00:14:07,019 --> 00:14:14,820
Okay, so, suppose I go down to this line,

386
00:14:11,730 --> 00:14:17,010
and I press "i" to go into insert mode, and

387
00:14:14,820 --> 00:14:18,930
type in some text, and then press "escape"

388
00:14:17,010 --> 00:14:20,610
to go back to normal mode. Now, how do I

389
00:14:18,930 --> 00:14:22,680
actually save this file? Well, there's

390
00:14:20,610 --> 00:14:25,550
another command for that. So, ":" to go

391
00:14:22,680 --> 00:14:30,480
into command mode, and then I can type "W"...

392
00:14:25,550 --> 00:14:33,240
...and press "Enter". "W" stands for write. And,

393
00:14:30,480 --> 00:14:35,699
it says in the bottom "editors.md"

394
00:14:33,240 --> 00:14:37,829
whatever blah blah written. And, so, this

395
00:14:35,699 --> 00:14:40,320
means it saved the file and so now if I

396
00:14:37,829 --> 00:14:42,209
":q" to quit and open the same file,

397
00:14:40,320 --> 00:14:46,850
again, you'll see that the changes have

398
00:14:42,209 --> 00:14:49,019
been persisted. There are a couple other

399
00:14:46,850 --> 00:14:50,130
there's... So, there's a ton of different

400
00:14:49,019 --> 00:14:53,070
Vim commands that are useful for

401
00:14:50,130 --> 00:14:56,100
different reasons. But, I'll just explain

402
00:14:53,070 --> 00:14:59,070
a couple more to you now. One command

403
00:14:56,100 --> 00:15:01,500
that's really useful is help. ":help"

404
00:14:59,070 --> 00:15:04,080
And you can do ":help", and then type in a

405
00:15:01,500 --> 00:15:06,090
particular key, or a particular command,

406
00:15:04,080 --> 00:15:08,580
and get help for that keystroke or that

407
00:15:06,090 --> 00:15:10,950
command. So, if I want to know what

408
00:15:08,580 --> 00:15:15,420
":w" does, I

409
00:15:10,950 --> 00:15:21,300
can do : help : W, and that'll give me

410
00:15:15,420 --> 00:15:23,160
the documentation on : w or : write. If I

411
00:15:21,300 --> 00:15:25,560
do : q, it'll close this window and bring

412
00:15:23,160 --> 00:15:28,530
me back to where I was before.

413
00:15:25,560 --> 00:15:35,340
And, notice that ":help :w" is different

414
00:15:28,530 --> 00:15:38,190
from ":help w", because the W key is the W

415
00:15:35,340 --> 00:15:40,590
that, like, when you're in normal mode and

416
00:15:38,190 --> 00:15:41,670
press W, what happens is just the W key

417
00:15:40,590 --> 00:15:43,530
here without the ":".

418
00:15:41,670 --> 00:15:50,340
And, if I look for help for ":w", that's

419
00:15:43,530 --> 00:15:56,040
the help for the W command. So, now you

420
00:15:50,340 --> 00:15:58,110
basically have the bare fundamentals

421
00:15:56,040 --> 00:16:00,720
needed to use them. right? You can open

422
00:15:58,110 --> 00:16:03,180
the editor, use it to edit a particular

423
00:16:00,720 --> 00:16:05,010
file, press "i" to go into insert mode and

424
00:16:03,180 --> 00:16:06,840
type in some text, press "escape" to go

425
00:16:05,010 --> 00:16:09,630
back to normal mode, and then :w to save

426
00:16:06,840 --> 00:16:11,460
your changes, :w to quit. So, like already

427
00:16:09,630 --> 00:16:13,920
you have the bare fundamentals necessary

428
00:16:11,460 --> 00:16:17,210
to edit files using Vim, albeit somewhat

429
00:16:13,920 --> 00:16:23,700
inefficiently. So, any questions so far?

430
00:16:17,210 --> 00:16:25,470
Yeah in the back. Yeah so the question is,

431
00:16:23,700 --> 00:16:27,060
What's the benefit of the

432
00:16:25,470 --> 00:16:28,590
normal mode? And, we'll talk about that in

433
00:16:27,060 --> 00:16:31,560
more detail, in like five minutes.

434
00:16:28,590 --> 00:16:33,030
But, in short, insert mode is just for

435
00:16:31,560 --> 00:16:34,920
typing in text. So, I'm in insert mode, I

436
00:16:33,030 --> 00:16:36,270
can type in text. But, when I'm

437
00:16:34,920 --> 00:16:39,000
programming, I actually spend a lot of

438
00:16:36,270 --> 00:16:40,590
time moving around my file making small

439
00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:42,210
little changes. So, I go here and like, oh

440
00:16:40,590 --> 00:16:45,390
maybe I want to change this HTTPS link to

441
00:16:42,210 --> 00:16:48,120
an HTTP.

442
00:16:45,390 --> 00:16:49,920
I can make like small point edits, things

443
00:16:48,120 --> 00:16:51,120
like that, in normal mode. And we'll see a

444
00:16:49,920 --> 00:16:52,920
whole lot more of that in about five

445
00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:59,130
minutes. Good question!

446
00:16:52,920 --> 00:17:05,070
Any other questions? Okay cool. So, moving

447
00:16:59,130 --> 00:17:11,100
along, one other thing that's kind of

448
00:17:05,070 --> 00:17:12,720
useful to know, I think, is, at a high

449
00:17:11,100 --> 00:17:15,479
level, Vim's model of

450
00:17:12,720 --> 00:17:16,470
buffers versus windows versus tabs. So,

451
00:17:15,479 --> 00:17:17,939
it's probably the case that whatever

452
00:17:16,470 --> 00:17:19,829
program you were using before, like

453
00:17:17,939 --> 00:17:21,899
Sublime Text or VS Code or whatever,

454
00:17:19,829 --> 00:17:23,249
you could open multiple files in it,

455
00:17:21,899 --> 00:17:24,899
right, and you could probably have

456
00:17:23,249 --> 00:17:27,449
multiple tabs open and have multiple

457
00:17:24,899 --> 00:17:29,129
windows open of your editor. So, Vim also

458
00:17:27,449 --> 00:17:31,200
has a notion of those different things.

459
00:17:29,129 --> 00:17:34,379
But, its model is a little bit different

460
00:17:31,200 --> 00:17:36,359
than most other programs. So, Vim

461
00:17:34,379 --> 00:17:38,340
maintains a set of open buffers - that's

462
00:17:36,359 --> 00:17:40,320
the word it uses for open files - and so,

463
00:17:38,340 --> 00:17:42,239
it has a set of open files, and then kind

464
00:17:40,320 --> 00:17:44,489
of separately from that, you can have a

465
00:17:42,239 --> 00:17:46,619
number of tabs, and tabs can have windows.

466
00:17:44,489 --> 00:17:47,460
The kind of weird thing which makes Vim

467
00:17:46,619 --> 00:17:48,899
a little bit different than the

468
00:17:47,460 --> 00:17:50,729
program you've probably used in the past is

469
00:17:48,899 --> 00:17:52,049
that there isn't necessarily a

470
00:17:50,729 --> 00:17:55,200
one-to-one correspondence between

471
00:17:52,049 --> 00:17:56,669
buffers and windows. So, one thing I can

472
00:17:55,200 --> 00:17:58,259
do, for example, here - and we'll show you

473
00:17:56,669 --> 00:18:00,989
the key combinations and stuff for this

474
00:17:58,259 --> 00:18:02,220
later - but one thing you can do is create

475
00:18:00,989 --> 00:18:04,109
two different windows. So, I have one

476
00:18:02,220 --> 00:18:07,139
window up here, and then one window down

477
00:18:04,109 --> 00:18:08,609
here. And, notice that the same files open

478
00:18:07,139 --> 00:18:10,529
in both windows. So, if I make some edits

479
00:18:08,609 --> 00:18:11,759
over here, they actually happen in the

480
00:18:10,529 --> 00:18:13,729
bottom window, as well, because it's the

481
00:18:11,759 --> 00:18:14,412
same buffer that's open in both windows.

482
00:18:14,412 --> 00:18:18,269
And, this is kind of useful, for, say,

483
00:18:16,590 --> 00:18:19,830
looking at two different parts of a

484
00:18:18,269 --> 00:18:20,940
single file at the same time. Like, so you

485
00:18:19,830 --> 00:18:22,919
want to be able to look at the top of a

486
00:18:20,940 --> 00:18:25,049
file, say at an import to your program,

487
00:18:22,919 --> 00:18:27,809
while you're down below, working

488
00:18:25,049 --> 00:18:29,129
somewhere else. So, this is one helpful

489
00:18:27,809 --> 00:18:32,999
thing to keep in mind, that Vim has this

490
00:18:29,129 --> 00:18:35,729
idea of - there are a number of tabs, and

491
00:18:32,999 --> 00:18:38,159
each tab has some number of windows, and

492
00:18:35,729 --> 00:18:40,649
then each window has, uh, corresponds to

493
00:18:38,159 --> 00:18:42,269
some buffer. But, a particular buffer can

494
00:18:40,649 --> 00:18:44,399
be open in zero or more windows at a

495
00:18:42,269 --> 00:18:45,809
time. Just one thing that confused me

496
00:18:44,399 --> 00:18:48,049
when I was initially learning Vim, so I

497
00:18:45,809 --> 00:18:50,669
want to explain that early on. And then,

498
00:18:48,049 --> 00:18:53,580
the ":q" command, which we talked about

499
00:18:50,669 --> 00:18:55,349
earlier, is not exactly quit. It's kind of

500
00:18:53,580 --> 00:18:56,729
"close the current window", and then, when

501
00:18:55,349 --> 00:18:59,460
there are no more open windows, Vim will

502
00:18:56,729 --> 00:19:01,320
quit. So, here, if I do ":q", it'll only

503
00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:03,570
close the window, I think, on the top here

504
00:19:01,320 --> 00:19:05,609
because that's the one I was in, and, now,

505
00:19:03,570 --> 00:19:08,159
the remaining window becomes fullscreen.

506
00:19:05,609 --> 00:19:10,379
I can do : Q again to close this. Now we're in

507
00:19:08,159 --> 00:19:14,879
the second tab that I'd opened. If I do :Q

508
00:19:10,379 --> 00:19:16,229
a final time, okay, now, Vim exits. And if

509
00:19:14,879 --> 00:19:17,940
you don't want to press ":q" way too many

510
00:19:16,229 --> 00:19:21,419
times... Okay, so, here I have three split

511
00:19:17,940 --> 00:19:24,589
windows. If I do ":qa", for quit all, it

512
00:19:21,419 --> 00:19:24,589
closes all the open windows.

513
00:19:25,370 --> 00:19:30,660
All right, so, now, to answer your question of

514
00:19:28,650 --> 00:19:32,610
"What is normal mode actually for?" This is

515
00:19:30,660 --> 00:19:34,080
another, really cool idea in Vim, and I

516
00:19:32,610 --> 00:19:36,030
think this is actually, like, the most

517
00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:38,550
fundamentally interesting idea of this

518
00:19:36,030 --> 00:19:42,000
program. It's that, like, you're all

519
00:19:38,550 --> 00:19:44,370
programmers, you like programming; Vim has

520
00:19:42,000 --> 00:19:47,220
this idea that Vim's normal mode, like,

521
00:19:44,370 --> 00:19:49,740
Vim's interface, itself, is a programming

522
00:19:47,220 --> 00:19:51,060
language. And, let me repeat that.

523
00:19:49,740 --> 00:19:52,860
That's like a kind of fundamentally

524
00:19:51,060 --> 00:19:54,020
interesting idea: the interface is a

525
00:19:52,860 --> 00:19:56,250
programming language.

526
00:19:54,020 --> 00:19:57,570
What does that mean? It means that

527
00:19:56,250 --> 00:19:59,280
different key combinations have

528
00:19:57,570 --> 00:20:00,150
different effects, and, once you learn the

529
00:19:59,280 --> 00:20:02,400
different effects, you can actually

530
00:20:00,150 --> 00:20:03,390
combine them together - just like in a

531
00:20:02,400 --> 00:20:04,770
programming language - you can learn

532
00:20:03,390 --> 00:20:05,880
different functions and stuff and then

533
00:20:04,770 --> 00:20:08,070
glue them all together to make an

534
00:20:05,880 --> 00:20:09,870
interesting program. In the same way, once

535
00:20:08,070 --> 00:20:10,980
you learn Vim's different movement and

536
00:20:09,870 --> 00:20:13,890
editing commands, and things like that,

537
00:20:10,980 --> 00:20:16,950
you can talk to Vim by programming Vim

538
00:20:13,890 --> 00:20:19,170
through its interface. And, once this

539
00:20:16,950 --> 00:20:20,880
becomes muscle memory, you can basically

540
00:20:19,170 --> 00:20:22,440
edit files at the speed at which you

541
00:20:20,880 --> 00:20:23,640
think. Like at least for me, I don't think

542
00:20:22,440 --> 00:20:25,320
I've been able to do this with any other

543
00:20:23,640 --> 00:20:29,010
text editor that I've used in the past,

544
00:20:25,320 --> 00:20:31,380
but this one gets pretty close. So, let's

545
00:20:29,010 --> 00:20:34,170
dig into how exactly normal mode works.

546
00:20:31,380 --> 00:20:36,140
So, you can try to follow along with this,

547
00:20:34,170 --> 00:20:38,400
like, open up some random file in Vim, and

548
00:20:36,140 --> 00:20:40,470
follow some of the key combinations I

549
00:20:38,400 --> 00:20:42,330
type in. So, one basic thing that you

550
00:20:40,470 --> 00:20:44,010
might want to do, is just navigate around

551
00:20:42,330 --> 00:20:46,020
a buffer. Like, move your cursor up/down/

552
00:20:44,010 --> 00:20:48,510
left/right. And, so the way you do that in

553
00:20:46,020 --> 00:20:50,700
Vim, is using the hjkl keys, not the arrow

554
00:20:48,510 --> 00:20:52,050
keys. Though they do work by default, try

555
00:20:50,700 --> 00:20:53,520
to avoid them, because you don't want to

556
00:20:52,050 --> 00:20:54,660
have to move your hand all the way over

557
00:20:53,520 --> 00:20:57,240
to the arrow keys. Like, there's a ton of

558
00:20:54,660 --> 00:21:00,510
time you're wasting, right? HJKL is right

559
00:20:57,240 --> 00:21:04,020
on the home row. And, so, J moves down, K

560
00:21:00,510 --> 00:21:06,390
moves up, H moves left, and L moves right.

561
00:21:04,020 --> 00:21:08,940
And, this may seem a little unintuitive

562
00:21:06,390 --> 00:21:10,410
now; there was some historical reason for

563
00:21:08,940 --> 00:21:13,440
it, like, the keyboard the original vi

564
00:21:10,410 --> 00:21:14,910
developer used had the hjkl keys, like,

565
00:21:13,440 --> 00:21:17,040
labeled, and arranged in a way that made

566
00:21:14,910 --> 00:21:19,260
this more reasonable. But, this will very

567
00:21:17,040 --> 00:21:20,370
soon become muscle memory. So, this is the

568
00:21:19,260 --> 00:21:24,270
basic way you can move your cursor

569
00:21:20,370 --> 00:21:26,070
around while in normal mode. Now, what

570
00:21:24,270 --> 00:21:27,720
else can you do? Well, if we had to move

571
00:21:26,070 --> 00:21:29,820
around files like this, it'd be really

572
00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:31,590
slow. We don't want to have to

573
00:21:29,820 --> 00:21:33,210
hold down these keys, and like, wait for a

574
00:21:31,590 --> 00:21:34,350
long time for Vim to do its thing. And

575
00:21:33,210 --> 00:21:35,760
so, there are all these other, different

576
00:21:34,350 --> 00:21:36,650
key combinations for doing different

577
00:21:35,760 --> 00:21:38,120
movements.

578
00:21:36,650 --> 00:21:39,200
Also, by the way, this is all in the

579
00:21:38,120 --> 00:21:40,940
lecture notes, so you don't need to

580
00:21:39,200 --> 00:21:43,550
memorize every single key and its

581
00:21:40,940 --> 00:21:45,320
meaning right now. Just try to understand

582
00:21:43,550 --> 00:21:47,570
the overall idea that Vim's interface is

583
00:21:45,320 --> 00:21:50,000
a programming language. So, another thing

584
00:21:47,570 --> 00:21:52,820
you can do is press the W key. This moves

585
00:21:50,000 --> 00:21:54,620
the cursor forward by one word. And then,

586
00:21:52,820 --> 00:21:57,740
similarly, the "B" key moves the cursor

587
00:21:54,620 --> 00:21:59,360
backward by one word. So, this allows

588
00:21:57,740 --> 00:22:01,820
slightly more efficient movement within

589
00:21:59,360 --> 00:22:04,010
the line. There's also the "E" key for

590
00:22:01,820 --> 00:22:06,620
moving to the end of a word. I'm going to

591
00:22:04,010 --> 00:22:08,030
move this over a little bit. So, if I'm

592
00:22:06,620 --> 00:22:09,800
here, for example, and I press the "E" key

593
00:22:08,030 --> 00:22:12,850
it'll go to the end of this word, end of

594
00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:15,980
this word, end of the next word and so on.

595
00:22:12,850 --> 00:22:17,720
You can also move by whole lines, so zero

596
00:22:15,980 --> 00:22:19,760
moves to the beginning of a line, dollar

597
00:22:17,720 --> 00:22:22,640
sign moves to the end of a line, and the

598
00:22:19,760 --> 00:22:25,790
caret key moves to the first non-empty

599
00:22:22,640 --> 00:22:31,730
character on a line. So, let me find one

600
00:22:25,790 --> 00:22:33,590
of those, for example. So, here, my

601
00:22:31,730 --> 00:22:34,760
cursor's right here; if I press 0, my

602
00:22:33,590 --> 00:22:37,040
cursor goes to the beginning of the line,

603
00:22:34,760 --> 00:22:39,590
dollar sign, end of the current line; and

604
00:22:37,040 --> 00:22:41,270
if I press caret, where, like, on what

605
00:22:39,590 --> 00:22:44,840
character will the curser end up? Can

606
00:22:41,270 --> 00:22:47,870
anybody guess? So, caret goes to the first

607
00:22:44,840 --> 00:22:53,000
non-empty character on a line, kind of

608
00:22:47,870 --> 00:22:57,200
like Regex caret. Yeah, exactly! It goes

609
00:22:53,000 --> 00:22:59,780
to this dash. Let's talk about some more

610
00:22:57,200 --> 00:23:01,220
movement commands. There're ways to

611
00:22:59,780 --> 00:23:06,230
scroll up and down in a buffer, so

612
00:23:01,220 --> 00:23:08,510
control U goes up, and control D scrolls

613
00:23:06,230 --> 00:23:10,850
down. So, this is better than holding down

614
00:23:08,510 --> 00:23:13,190
the K or J keys, for example. This is a

615
00:23:10,850 --> 00:23:17,720
lot slower than moving by entire pages.

616
00:23:13,190 --> 00:23:19,970
Control D and control U. There's also

617
00:23:17,720 --> 00:23:22,400
ways to move by the entire buffer. So,

618
00:23:19,970 --> 00:23:26,420
capital "G" moves all the way down... "gg"

619
00:23:22,400 --> 00:23:28,490
moves all the way up. Some of these

620
00:23:26,420 --> 00:23:29,600
movement keys are mnemonics; so, they're

621
00:23:28,490 --> 00:23:31,400
like, a little bit easier to remember for

622
00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,440
that reason, right, like, "W" is word, "B"

623
00:23:31,400 --> 00:23:36,230
is beginning of word, E is end of word. Those

624
00:23:33,440 --> 00:23:38,030
all seem pretty logical. 0, caret and

625
00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:39,559
dollar, kind of inspired from Regex, so

626
00:23:38,030 --> 00:23:41,120
those make a little bit of sense. There's

627
00:23:39,559 --> 00:23:42,890
some other ones that, like, don't

628
00:23:41,120 --> 00:23:43,940
necessarily make way too much sense, but,

629
00:23:42,890 --> 00:23:46,310
there are only so many keys on your

630
00:23:43,940 --> 00:23:48,590
keyboard, so what are you going to do? For

631
00:23:46,310 --> 00:23:49,430
example, the "L" key moves your cursor to

632
00:23:48,590 --> 00:23:51,890
the lowest

633
00:23:49,430 --> 00:23:54,920
line that's shown on the screen. "L" for

634
00:23:51,890 --> 00:24:01,430
lowest makes sense, M for middle, and then H for

635
00:23:54,920 --> 00:24:02,660
highest, I guess. And, there's a whole

636
00:24:01,430 --> 00:24:04,250
bunch of other interesting movements

637
00:24:02,660 --> 00:24:05,330
like this. So, we're obviously not going

638
00:24:04,250 --> 00:24:07,070
to be able to cover all of them right

639
00:24:05,330 --> 00:24:08,690
now, but you'll be able to go through

640
00:24:07,070 --> 00:24:11,320
them in the Vim tutor exercise, which is

641
00:24:08,690 --> 00:24:15,790
exercise number one for this lecture.

642
00:24:11,320 --> 00:24:18,080
Some other ones I want to talk about now -

643
00:24:15,790 --> 00:24:19,640
maybe I'll talk about one more. There's

644
00:24:18,080 --> 00:24:21,440
another movement called "find". This is

645
00:24:19,640 --> 00:24:23,210
also kind of useful. Suppose I'm on this

646
00:24:21,440 --> 00:24:25,340
line, and I want to jump to the first

647
00:24:23,210 --> 00:24:27,260
character that equal's to... Like, I

648
00:24:25,340 --> 00:24:31,310
want to jump to the first "o". I can press

649
00:24:27,260 --> 00:24:33,860
"fo", and my cursor moves to the first

650
00:24:31,310 --> 00:24:35,210
"o". I've like, found "o". I can do fw and

651
00:24:33,860 --> 00:24:39,560
it'll move to the first "w", which I think

652
00:24:35,210 --> 00:24:40,880
is right here. fc: find the first C. I can

653
00:24:39,560 --> 00:24:44,510
also do the same thing, but backwards. If

654
00:24:40,880 --> 00:24:47,930
I do capital F, w, I can find the W that's

655
00:24:44,510 --> 00:24:49,760
before it. Capital F, s: find the s that's

656
00:24:47,930 --> 00:24:53,450
before that. And then, there's a variant

657
00:24:49,760 --> 00:24:56,690
of f, for find: t for to, so I can jump to

658
00:24:53,450 --> 00:24:58,520
O, and it jumps, like, until it's found o.

659
00:24:56,690 --> 00:25:03,110
But not on top of it, right before it. And

660
00:24:58,520 --> 00:25:04,820
capital T say, t, jumps backwards to the t

661
00:25:03,110 --> 00:25:07,190
except not all the way on top of it, one

662
00:25:04,820 --> 00:25:09,770
character before. And, so, you can already

663
00:25:07,190 --> 00:25:10,970
see that idea I talked about, of like, Vim

664
00:25:09,770 --> 00:25:13,160
is a programming language; you can, like,

665
00:25:10,970 --> 00:25:15,050
compose these commands. "F", and "T", are

666
00:25:13,160 --> 00:25:16,790
"find", and "to", and you can say "find" a

667
00:25:15,050 --> 00:25:20,180
particular character, or jump "to" a

668
00:25:16,790 --> 00:25:22,400
particular character. So, those are a

669
00:25:20,180 --> 00:25:26,660
couple of Vim movement commands. So, any

670
00:25:22,400 --> 00:25:32,050
questions about those so far? So this is -

671
00:25:26,660 --> 00:25:33,980
yeah, question? Or... no? Okay, cool. So,

672
00:25:32,050 --> 00:25:35,540
those are Vim movement commands.

673
00:25:33,980 --> 00:25:37,880
This is how you can navigate around a

674
00:25:35,540 --> 00:25:40,070
file quickly in normal mode. Now, another

675
00:25:37,880 --> 00:25:42,770
category of useful commands are editing

676
00:25:40,070 --> 00:25:44,480
commands. So, one we kind of already

677
00:25:42,770 --> 00:25:46,520
talked about is the "i" command

678
00:25:44,480 --> 00:25:48,500
for moving from "normal" mode to "insert"

679
00:25:46,520 --> 00:25:50,690
mode, where you can start just writing

680
00:25:48,500 --> 00:25:52,490
text. So, suppose I go up here and I press

681
00:25:50,690 --> 00:25:57,020
"i". Now I can type in whatever text I want

682
00:25:52,490 --> 00:25:58,370
"Hello world", "enter". Then, press

683
00:25:57,020 --> 00:26:00,890
"escape" to go back to normal mode, and

684
00:25:58,370 --> 00:26:01,640
I've made a change to my buffer. But,

685
00:26:00,890 --> 00:26:03,740
there are a whole bunch of other

686
00:26:01,640 --> 00:26:05,540
commands for making efficient edits

687
00:26:03,740 --> 00:26:07,760
that makes sense for when you're dealing

688
00:26:05,540 --> 00:26:09,410
with programming languages. So, one useful

689
00:26:07,760 --> 00:26:10,670
command that I accidentally used earlier,

690
00:26:09,410 --> 00:26:13,280
before teaching you about it, is the "o"

691
00:26:10,670 --> 00:26:16,130
command. So, suppose my cursor is, like,

692
00:26:13,280 --> 00:26:18,410
over here, and if I press "o", from normal

693
00:26:16,130 --> 00:26:19,490
mode, what it does, is it opens a new line

694
00:26:18,410 --> 00:26:22,040
below where my cursor is.

695
00:26:19,490 --> 00:26:23,420
That's what "o" stands for. And it, so it

696
00:26:22,040 --> 00:26:24,980
creates a new line, and it put me into

697
00:26:23,420 --> 00:26:27,290
insert mode. So, now I can start typing in

698
00:26:24,980 --> 00:26:29,600
some text, press escape, and go back to

699
00:26:27,290 --> 00:26:32,240
normal mode. And then, just like the "o"

700
00:26:29,600 --> 00:26:35,540
command, there's a capital "O" command, so

701
00:26:32,240 --> 00:26:37,850
if I'm here and I do capital "O", it puts

702
00:26:35,540 --> 00:26:41,690
me into insert mode above where I

703
00:26:37,850 --> 00:26:44,240
currently am. There's another Vim command

704
00:26:41,690 --> 00:26:47,690
for deleting things. So, suppose my cursor

705
00:26:44,240 --> 00:26:51,560
is, like, on top of this word right here,

706
00:26:47,690 --> 00:26:54,350
and I press the D key. "D" for delete. Oh,

707
00:26:51,560 --> 00:26:55,970
nothing happens; turns out that the D key

708
00:26:54,350 --> 00:26:57,860
needs to be combined with a movement

709
00:26:55,970 --> 00:26:59,630
command. So, remember we just talked about

710
00:26:57,860 --> 00:27:02,870
different movement commands, like hjkl,

711
00:26:59,630 --> 00:27:03,530
and, like, word, and backward word, and

712
00:27:02,870 --> 00:27:07,670
things like that.

713
00:27:03,530 --> 00:27:11,600
So, I press D. Whoops. I press D and I can

714
00:27:07,670 --> 00:27:13,970
press W, and it's deleted a word. So, let

715
00:27:11,600 --> 00:27:16,820
me undo that. Undoing in Vim is just u for

716
00:27:13,970 --> 00:27:19,940
undo. So, notice my cursor's right here. I

717
00:27:16,820 --> 00:27:21,770
do "dw": it's deleted a word. I can move

718
00:27:19,940 --> 00:27:25,100
around, and then delete another word.

719
00:27:21,770 --> 00:27:27,620
Suppose I'm - uh, keeps getting in the way

720
00:27:25,100 --> 00:27:29,420
Suppose I'm, like, somewhere in the middle

721
00:27:27,620 --> 00:27:31,130
of a word, and I want to delete to the end

722
00:27:29,420 --> 00:27:35,630
of a word. Any guesses for what

723
00:27:31,130 --> 00:27:39,320
combination of keys I'd use for that? "d"

724
00:27:35,630 --> 00:27:43,790
and what? de, exactly. Delete to the end of

725
00:27:39,320 --> 00:27:46,790
the word. Another useful editing command

726
00:27:43,790 --> 00:27:48,800
is the c command. c stands for change. So,

727
00:27:46,790 --> 00:27:50,840
change is really similar to delete,

728
00:27:48,800 --> 00:27:52,220
except change puts you in insert mode,

729
00:27:50,840 --> 00:27:54,500
because, like, I want to delete a thing,

730
00:27:52,220 --> 00:27:56,960
but change it to something else. So, if

731
00:27:54,500 --> 00:27:59,810
I'm here, and I do "ce", it's like, change

732
00:27:56,960 --> 00:28:00,950
to the end of the word. And, it gets rid

733
00:27:59,810 --> 00:28:02,630
of the contents until the end of the

734
00:28:00,950 --> 00:28:04,460
word, and notice it put me in insert mode.

735
00:28:02,630 --> 00:28:06,740
So now, whatever characters I type go

736
00:28:04,460 --> 00:28:11,270
into the buffer. If I press "escape", I go

737
00:28:06,740 --> 00:28:13,250
back into normal mode. And so, c and d are

738
00:28:11,270 --> 00:28:15,650
analogs: they both take motions as

739
00:28:13,250 --> 00:28:17,290
arguments. And, they will either delete

740
00:28:15,650 --> 00:28:20,950
that motion, or change

741
00:28:17,290 --> 00:28:24,370
that motion. So, for example, if you press

742
00:28:20,950 --> 00:28:25,990
the c key, there's also this pattern that,

743
00:28:24,370 --> 00:28:27,880
if you press a particular editing key

744
00:28:25,990 --> 00:28:30,400
twice, it'll have that effect on the

745
00:28:27,880 --> 00:28:32,980
given line. So, if I press "dd", that

746
00:28:30,400 --> 00:28:34,360
deletes the line. If I press "cc", that

747
00:28:32,980 --> 00:28:35,560
deletes the given line, but puts me in

748
00:28:34,360 --> 00:28:39,760
insert mode, so I can replace it with

749
00:28:35,560 --> 00:28:43,360
some other line. We'll cover a couple

750
00:28:39,760 --> 00:28:44,290
other, uh, editing commands, because then

751
00:28:43,360 --> 00:28:46,720
later we'll see how all these things

752
00:28:44,290 --> 00:28:48,700
interact together. So, another useful one

753
00:28:46,720 --> 00:28:50,290
is the x command. So, suppose my cursor is

754
00:28:48,700 --> 00:28:52,120
over some particular character. If I

755
00:28:50,290 --> 00:28:57,880
press "x", it just deletes that

756
00:28:52,120 --> 00:29:00,310
character. There's another command called

757
00:28:57,880 --> 00:29:02,260
r. If I'm over a particular character, and

758
00:29:00,310 --> 00:29:03,940
I press "r", it takes another character as

759
00:29:02,260 --> 00:29:05,440
an argument, and it replaces that

760
00:29:03,940 --> 00:29:12,550
particular character with some other

761
00:29:05,440 --> 00:29:14,110
character. And, I'll cover a couple more

762
00:29:12,550 --> 00:29:16,390
editing commands. So, I think one I

763
00:29:14,110 --> 00:29:17,980
talked about a moment ago - but, of course

764
00:29:16,390 --> 00:29:19,360
you can undo changes you've made in Vim.

765
00:29:17,980 --> 00:29:21,520
And the way you do that is by pressing

766
00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:23,230
"u" while you're in normal mode. So, u for

767
00:29:21,520 --> 00:29:24,850
undo is pretty easy to remember. So, I

768
00:29:23,230 --> 00:29:26,310
press "u" a whole bunch of times; it's

769
00:29:24,850 --> 00:29:28,750
undone all the changes I've made. And

770
00:29:26,310 --> 00:29:31,000
then, the opposite of undo is, of course,

771
00:29:28,750 --> 00:29:40,960
redo. And, the binding for that in Vim is

772
00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:42,310
control + R. All right, one other editing

773
00:29:40,960 --> 00:29:55,090
command I'm going to talk about is copy

774
00:29:42,310 --> 00:29:56,290
and paste because-oh yes, question? That's

775
00:29:55,090 --> 00:29:58,150
a - that's a great question! So, the

776
00:29:56,290 --> 00:29:59,500
question is, "Does 'undo' undo everything

777
00:29:58,150 --> 00:30:00,970
you've done since you've gone into

778
00:29:59,500 --> 00:30:02,380
insert mode, or just the last character?"

779
00:30:00,970 --> 00:30:03,280
It's - it's actually a little bit more

780
00:30:02,380 --> 00:30:05,860
complicated than that.

781
00:30:03,280 --> 00:30:07,540
"Undo" does, like, undoes the last change

782
00:30:05,860 --> 00:30:08,800
you've made. So, if you went into insert

783
00:30:07,540 --> 00:30:10,480
mode, and typed in some stuff, and went

784
00:30:08,800 --> 00:30:12,520
back into normal mode, and then press "u"

785
00:30:10,480 --> 00:30:14,560
for "undo", it'll undo all you've done in

786
00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:16,090
insert mode. But, if you've done some

787
00:30:14,560 --> 00:30:18,280
other type of editing command, like, say I

788
00:30:16,090 --> 00:30:20,140
press "x" to delete a character... If I do

789
00:30:18,280 --> 00:30:24,280
"u" for undo, it'll just undo that change

790
00:30:20,140 --> 00:30:26,440
that that editing command made. Now, does

791
00:30:24,280 --> 00:30:28,780
that answer the question? (Yeah) Great any

792
00:30:26,440 --> 00:30:32,780
other questions?

793
00:30:28,780 --> 00:30:35,480
Cool. So, I'll talk about copy and paste

794
00:30:32,780 --> 00:30:37,580
as well, because that's a popular one. The

795
00:30:35,480 --> 00:30:39,710
y command stands for copying, and the p

796
00:30:37,580 --> 00:30:41,810
command stands for pasting. y for "copy",

797
00:30:39,710 --> 00:30:43,370
because, yank. Like, that's the word they-

798
00:30:41,810 --> 00:30:46,310
that's the terminology that

799
00:30:43,370 --> 00:30:49,220
Vim uses for copying. And, these commands

800
00:30:46,310 --> 00:30:52,580
are- y also takes a motion as an argument.

801
00:30:49,220 --> 00:30:54,350
So if I do like, yy, it copies the current

802
00:30:52,580 --> 00:30:56,090
line. And, if I press "p" for "paste",

803
00:30:54,350 --> 00:30:57,260
notice that now these two lines are

804
00:30:56,090 --> 00:31:00,110
identical, because I've just pasted a

805
00:30:57,260 --> 00:31:02,330
line below. "u" for "undo". But if I do

806
00:31:00,110 --> 00:31:04,910
something like "yw", it's copied the word.

807
00:31:02,330 --> 00:31:05,450
And then I can do "p", and it just pasted

808
00:31:04,910 --> 00:31:08,930
that word again,

809
00:31:05,450 --> 00:31:10,700
right where my cursor was. One useful

810
00:31:08,930 --> 00:31:12,530
thing, especially in the context of copy

811
00:31:10,700 --> 00:31:14,150
and paste, is to be able to select a

812
00:31:12,530 --> 00:31:15,650
block of stuff and copy it, right? Like,

813
00:31:14,150 --> 00:31:16,940
this is probably how you used copy and

814
00:31:15,650 --> 00:31:19,220
paste in whatever editor you were using

815
00:31:16,940 --> 00:31:21,440
before. And so, that's where we get into

816
00:31:19,220 --> 00:31:23,210
the visual modes. So, these are another

817
00:31:21,440 --> 00:31:24,590
set of modes that are all related to

818
00:31:23,210 --> 00:31:26,030
each other, and that can be reached from

819
00:31:24,590 --> 00:31:28,790
normal mode, and they're used for

820
00:31:26,030 --> 00:31:31,040
selecting chunks of text. So, one mode is,

821
00:31:28,790 --> 00:31:33,140
just, regular visual mode. You can enter

822
00:31:31,040 --> 00:31:34,820
that by pressing v. And then, once you're

823
00:31:33,140 --> 00:31:36,650
in this mode, you can use most of the

824
00:31:34,820 --> 00:31:38,450
regular normal mode commands to move

825
00:31:36,650 --> 00:31:39,980
your pointer around. And it selects

826
00:31:38,450 --> 00:31:42,050
everything in between. So I can use, like,

827
00:31:39,980 --> 00:31:44,030
hjkl just to move the cursor, or I can

828
00:31:42,050 --> 00:31:45,890
use "w" to move by words, or different

829
00:31:44,030 --> 00:31:48,080
things like that, and it will select a

830
00:31:45,890 --> 00:31:49,490
block of text. And, once I've selected

831
00:31:48,080 --> 00:31:50,900
this block of text there are a whole bunch

832
00:31:49,490 --> 00:31:52,610
of different types of useful things you

833
00:31:50,900 --> 00:31:54,770
could do with it. One of the most popular

834
00:31:52,610 --> 00:31:57,320
things to do is copying this. So, once

835
00:31:54,770 --> 00:31:59,630
I've selected, I can do y to copy, and it

836
00:31:57,320 --> 00:32:01,280
puts me back into normal mode. And now,

837
00:31:59,630 --> 00:32:02,810
it's copied this to the - to the paste

838
00:32:01,280 --> 00:32:04,850
buffer. And then if I go somewhere else,

839
00:32:02,810 --> 00:32:07,670
and press "p", it pastes in that whole

840
00:32:04,850 --> 00:32:10,520
chunk of text I copied. And it's similar

841
00:32:07,670 --> 00:32:13,610
to visual mode, which selects kind of a

842
00:32:10,520 --> 00:32:15,560
contiguous stream of text. There's visual

843
00:32:13,610 --> 00:32:17,720
line mode: that can be reached by

844
00:32:15,560 --> 00:32:19,760
pressing capital V, and that selects

845
00:32:17,720 --> 00:32:21,470
whole lines at a time. And then there's

846
00:32:19,760 --> 00:32:23,150
VISUAL BLOCK mode, which can be selected

847
00:32:21,470 --> 00:32:24,890
by pressing "control" + " V", and that can

848
00:32:23,150 --> 00:32:26,240
select rectangular blocks of text. So

849
00:32:24,890 --> 00:32:31,670
this is something your old editor

850
00:32:26,240 --> 00:32:33,320
couldn't do. Alright, so, there's a lot

851
00:32:31,670 --> 00:32:35,120
more Vim editing commands to learn.

852
00:32:33,320 --> 00:32:36,710
There's lots of, like, really weird and

853
00:32:35,120 --> 00:32:38,420
fancy things. Like, for example, the tilde

854
00:32:36,710 --> 00:32:40,220
command changes the case of the

855
00:32:38,420 --> 00:32:41,690
character, or the selection that you've

856
00:32:40,220 --> 00:32:43,640
currently selected. So for example,

857
00:32:41,690 --> 00:32:45,620
I can take this, like, Visual Studio Code,

858
00:32:43,640 --> 00:32:48,260
and flip the case on the whole thing, by

859
00:32:45,620 --> 00:32:49,430
selecting it and pressing tilde. And,

860
00:32:48,260 --> 00:32:50,480
there's a whole bunch of other things

861
00:32:49,430 --> 00:32:52,160
like that; they get more and more

862
00:32:50,480 --> 00:32:54,050
esoteric as you go. So, we're not going to

863
00:32:52,160 --> 00:32:56,630
cover all of those, but you'll get to

864
00:32:54,050 --> 00:32:58,490
those in the exercises. So, those are Vim

865
00:32:56,630 --> 00:33:00,620
editing commands, and a lot of them can

866
00:32:58,490 --> 00:33:02,120
be composed with movement commands. So,

867
00:33:00,620 --> 00:33:09,260
any questions about either of those so

868
00:33:02,120 --> 00:33:12,680
far? Cool. So, moving along, another

869
00:33:09,260 --> 00:33:14,240
category of things -of commands- that are

870
00:33:12,680 --> 00:33:16,880
mostly relevant to normal mode are

871
00:33:14,240 --> 00:33:18,530
counts. So, you can give them a number, to

872
00:33:16,880 --> 00:33:22,100
do a particular thing, some number of

873
00:33:18,530 --> 00:33:25,430
times. So suppose my cursor is here, and I

874
00:33:22,100 --> 00:33:26,960
want to move down, like 1 2 3 4 lines. One

875
00:33:25,430 --> 00:33:29,390
way I can do that is by pressing "j" four

876
00:33:26,960 --> 00:33:32,570
times - go down four times. "kkkk" goes

877
00:33:29,390 --> 00:33:34,010
up four times. But, rather than pressing a

878
00:33:32,570 --> 00:33:37,430
particular key again, and again, I can use

879
00:33:34,010 --> 00:33:38,960
a count. So if I press "4", "j", it does j

880
00:33:37,430 --> 00:33:40,130
four times, right?

881
00:33:38,960 --> 00:33:42,290
Vim's interface is a programming

882
00:33:40,130 --> 00:33:45,890
language. If I do "4k", it moves up four

883
00:33:42,290 --> 00:33:47,600
times. If I am here, and I press "v" to go

884
00:33:45,890 --> 00:33:49,040
into visual mode... Okay so now I can move

885
00:33:47,600 --> 00:33:51,680
my cursor around, and select blocks of

886
00:33:49,040 --> 00:33:53,660
text. I can do, like, "eee" to select a

887
00:33:51,680 --> 00:33:56,600
couple of words, but, I could also go back

888
00:33:53,660 --> 00:33:59,720
here -v for visual mode- and press three e

889
00:33:56,600 --> 00:34:03,080
to select, like, three "ends of words"

890
00:33:59,720 --> 00:34:05,060
forward. And then of course these can also

891
00:34:03,080 --> 00:34:08,000
be combined with editing commands. So,

892
00:34:05,060 --> 00:34:10,910
like, suppose I want to delete seven

893
00:34:08,000 --> 00:34:13,970
words. I can do that by moving my cursor

894
00:34:10,910 --> 00:34:17,660
somewhere, and doing "7dw". Seven delete

895
00:34:13,970 --> 00:34:19,490
words. And so, this is particularly useful

896
00:34:17,660 --> 00:34:21,260
for things like, suppose my cursor is

897
00:34:19,490 --> 00:34:22,460
somewhere on the screen, and I'm looking

898
00:34:21,260 --> 00:34:24,020
somewhere else on the screen, or, I want

899
00:34:22,460 --> 00:34:26,240
my cursor to go to that particular line.

900
00:34:24,020 --> 00:34:28,400
Notice that I've set up relative line

901
00:34:26,240 --> 00:34:29,750
numbering on the left. So, wherever my

902
00:34:28,400 --> 00:34:31,580
cursor is, it shows the current line

903
00:34:29,750 --> 00:34:33,830
number, but everywhere else, it's just the

904
00:34:31,580 --> 00:34:35,870
offset from where I am. Now, suppose my

905
00:34:33,830 --> 00:34:38,480
cursor is here, but I want to move down

906
00:34:35,870 --> 00:34:40,160
to the like "Microsoft Word" down here, so

907
00:34:38,480 --> 00:34:41,810
that's eight lines down. So, what

908
00:34:40,160 --> 00:34:44,020
combination of keys would I press, to do

909
00:34:41,810 --> 00:34:45,560
that? Like, what's the most efficient way?

910
00:34:44,020 --> 00:34:47,810
Yeah, exactly!

911
00:34:45,560 --> 00:34:50,440
Let's try that out-8j-and my cursor moved

912
00:34:47,810 --> 00:34:50,440
down to this line.

913
00:34:51,270 --> 00:34:57,880
Okay. And then, one, final category of key

914
00:34:56,110 --> 00:34:59,920
meanings in Vim is something called

915
00:34:57,880 --> 00:35:02,200
modifiers. So we have, so far, movement,

916
00:34:59,920 --> 00:35:04,900
edits, counts, and, finally, we have

917
00:35:02,200 --> 00:35:06,520
modifiers. So, modifiers kind of change

918
00:35:04,900 --> 00:35:08,830
the meaning of a movement command a

919
00:35:06,520 --> 00:35:11,530
little bit. And, a couple modifiers that

920
00:35:08,830 --> 00:35:15,190
are especially useful are the "a" and "i"

921
00:35:11,530 --> 00:35:18,010
modifier. So, a stands for like around and

922
00:35:15,190 --> 00:35:19,900
"i" stands for inside. And, to see where

923
00:35:18,010 --> 00:35:21,760
this is really useful, I can move my

924
00:35:19,900 --> 00:35:22,480
cursor to somewhere like here, for

925
00:35:21,760 --> 00:35:24,670
example.

926
00:35:22,480 --> 00:35:26,320
So, hopefully, most of you are familiar

927
00:35:24,670 --> 00:35:28,240
with markdown syntax - and if not it

928
00:35:26,320 --> 00:35:30,490
doesn't matter too much. Uh, this is a

929
00:35:28,240 --> 00:35:31,780
link in markdown; it's a text rendered in

930
00:35:30,490 --> 00:35:33,610
square brackets, and then the link in

931
00:35:31,780 --> 00:35:35,500
parentheses. Suppose my cursor is inside

932
00:35:33,610 --> 00:35:38,350
here, and I want to change the text

933
00:35:35,500 --> 00:35:40,150
corresponding to this link. Well, one way

934
00:35:38,350 --> 00:35:43,480
I could do that is, like, move back here

935
00:35:40,150 --> 00:35:45,130
with b, and, like, 2dw, and then "i" to go

936
00:35:43,480 --> 00:35:46,450
into insert mode. That's one of the

937
00:35:45,130 --> 00:35:47,950
many ways I can make this change, and I

938
00:35:46,450 --> 00:35:51,070
can type in whatever other thing I want -

939
00:35:47,950 --> 00:35:53,410
u to undo, u to undo. Another way I could

940
00:35:51,070 --> 00:35:58,030
have done that is change two words - "c2w"

941
00:35:53,410 --> 00:35:59,950
- and then type in some other text. But,

942
00:35:58,030 --> 00:36:03,280
one final way I could do the same change

943
00:35:59,950 --> 00:36:05,380
is using the modifier commands to talk

944
00:36:03,280 --> 00:36:07,120
about how I want to interact with these

945
00:36:05,380 --> 00:36:09,490
different types of grouping things like

946
00:36:07,120 --> 00:36:12,070
parentheses and square brackets. So, one

947
00:36:09,490 --> 00:36:15,610
final way of doing this is change inside

948
00:36:12,070 --> 00:36:17,440
square brackets-"c" "i" "["-and that puts

949
00:36:15,610 --> 00:36:20,230
me into insert mode, after deleting the

950
00:36:17,440 --> 00:36:21,400
contents that are inside the brackets. So,

951
00:36:20,230 --> 00:36:22,690
do you see how we can take all these

952
00:36:21,400 --> 00:36:24,310
different ingredients, like we talked

953
00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:25,570
about "change", and we could combine that

954
00:36:24,310 --> 00:36:27,460
with different movement commands. We

955
00:36:25,570 --> 00:36:30,100
talked about inside, how it's a modifier.

956
00:36:27,460 --> 00:36:32,770
And then we talked about, uh... we didn't

957
00:36:30,100 --> 00:36:34,230
talk about parentheses. But, if your

958
00:36:32,770 --> 00:36:36,070
cursor is hovering over a different, uh,

959
00:36:34,230 --> 00:36:37,810
different types of grouping things like

960
00:36:36,070 --> 00:36:39,880
parentheses, or square brackets, you can

961
00:36:37,810 --> 00:36:40,990
press the percent movement key to jump

962
00:36:39,880 --> 00:36:45,340
back and forth between matching

963
00:36:40,990 --> 00:36:49,510
parentheses. If I go over here and I do d,

964
00:36:45,340 --> 00:36:52,480
i, (, I can delete the contents

965
00:36:49,510 --> 00:36:55,780
inside these parentheses. And so, those

966
00:36:52,480 --> 00:36:57,550
are Vim, uh, modifiers. I guess we talked

967
00:36:55,780 --> 00:37:00,310
about i, but we didn't talk about a. If I

968
00:36:57,550 --> 00:37:02,080
do "da(", it deletes a whole,

969
00:37:00,310 --> 00:37:04,460
like parenthesized group including the

970
00:37:02,080 --> 00:37:10,730
parentheses so I is inside

971
00:37:04,460 --> 00:37:11,839
is around or including all right so

972
00:37:10,730 --> 00:37:13,670
those are basically the different

973
00:37:11,839 --> 00:37:15,890
categories of things you can combine

974
00:37:13,670 --> 00:37:18,050
together, when interacting with Vim's

975
00:37:15,890 --> 00:37:20,330
interface. So, any questions about that or

976
00:37:18,050 --> 00:37:28,820
the overall idea of this interface being

977
00:37:20,330 --> 00:37:31,580
a programming language? Cool. So, let's do

978
00:37:28,820 --> 00:37:33,859
a quick demo, to kind of demonstrate the

979
00:37:31,580 --> 00:37:36,290
power of this editor. And, it will kind of

980
00:37:33,859 --> 00:37:38,240
help us see how this tool can work

981
00:37:36,290 --> 00:37:41,260
really fast and kind of match the speed

982
00:37:38,240 --> 00:37:43,760
at which we think. So, over here is a very

983
00:37:41,260 --> 00:37:44,780
broken "fizzbuzz" implementation that

984
00:37:43,760 --> 00:37:46,640
doesn't actually print anything.

985
00:37:44,780 --> 00:37:48,680
Uh, hopefully, most of you have heard of

986
00:37:46,640 --> 00:37:51,080
"fizzbuzz" - if not, I'll explain it super

987
00:37:48,680 --> 00:37:52,730
briefly. Uh, "fizzbuzz" is a programming

988
00:37:51,080 --> 00:37:54,290
exercise where you print the numbers 1

989
00:37:52,730 --> 00:37:56,540
through n, but when the number is

990
00:37:54,290 --> 00:37:58,700
divisible by 3, you print fizz - when it's

991
00:37:56,540 --> 00:38:00,859
divisible by 5, you print buzz. And, when

992
00:37:58,700 --> 00:38:02,839
it's divisible by both 3, and 5. you print

993
00:38:00,859 --> 00:38:05,089
fizzbuzz. And, if none of those apply, you

994
00:38:02,839 --> 00:38:09,290
just print the number. So, you should

995
00:38:05,089 --> 00:38:13,460
print like 1, 2, fizz, 4, buzz, and so on.

996
00:38:09,290 --> 00:38:16,550
But, if I run this program, it doesn't

997
00:38:13,460 --> 00:38:20,089
print anything here I have them on the

998
00:38:16,550 --> 00:38:21,530
left in just a terminal on the right ok

999
00:38:20,089 --> 00:38:23,750
so there's a bunch of issues with this

1000
00:38:21,530 --> 00:38:26,470
one is that main is never called so

1001
00:38:23,750 --> 00:38:29,450
let's start off with fixing that so

1002
00:38:26,470 --> 00:38:31,960
here's how I would make this change and

1003
00:38:29,450 --> 00:38:34,250
notice how few keystrokes this requires

1004
00:38:31,960 --> 00:38:37,609
capital G means go to the bottom of the

1005
00:38:34,250 --> 00:38:39,650
file o opens a new line below and now I

1006
00:38:37,609 --> 00:38:45,380
can just type in stuff so I'm an insert

1007
00:38:39,650 --> 00:38:47,210
mode okay so I've typed in whatever

1008
00:38:45,380 --> 00:38:50,480
change I want to make escape to go back

1009
00:38:47,210 --> 00:38:53,540
to normal mode if I do : W so command

1010
00:38:50,480 --> 00:38:54,650
mode right let me go back here okay now

1011
00:38:53,540 --> 00:38:56,690
at least my program prints something

1012
00:38:54,650 --> 00:38:58,940
when I run it another issue with this

1013
00:38:56,690 --> 00:39:02,750
program is that it starts at 0 instead

1014
00:38:58,940 --> 00:39:05,030
of 1 so let's go fix that so I want to

1015
00:39:02,750 --> 00:39:06,950
go over to this range whoops this range

1016
00:39:05,030 --> 00:39:08,480
thing and it shouldn't be going from 0

1017
00:39:06,950 --> 00:39:11,270
to limit it should be going from 1 to

1018
00:39:08,480 --> 00:39:12,650
limit plus 1 1 command which I didn't

1019
00:39:11,270 --> 00:39:16,060
show you about is how you search in vim

1020
00:39:12,650 --> 00:39:16,060
so you press forward slash

1021
00:39:17,010 --> 00:39:21,930
to close this and restart it if you

1022
00:39:19,080 --> 00:39:24,840
press forward slash it starts search so

1023
00:39:21,930 --> 00:39:26,220
if I type in range enter my cursor goes

1024
00:39:24,840 --> 00:39:27,810
from wherever it was before to the first

1025
00:39:26,220 --> 00:39:28,920
instance of range it found so it's a

1026
00:39:27,810 --> 00:39:31,680
really efficient way of moving where I

1027
00:39:28,920 --> 00:39:33,990
want to move WW to move forward two

1028
00:39:31,680 --> 00:39:36,330
words I to go into insert mode add the

1029
00:39:33,990 --> 00:39:38,310
one comma space escape I'm back in

1030
00:39:36,330 --> 00:39:40,080
normal mode this is a very common

1031
00:39:38,310 --> 00:39:41,850
pattern in vim you stay in normal mode

1032
00:39:40,080 --> 00:39:43,260
you go somewhere you go into insert mode

1033
00:39:41,850 --> 00:39:44,880
you make a tiny change and you jump

1034
00:39:43,260 --> 00:39:45,900
right back to normal mode like normal

1035
00:39:44,880 --> 00:39:48,810
mode is home and that's where you should

1036
00:39:45,900 --> 00:39:51,030
be most of the time I also want to add a

1037
00:39:48,810 --> 00:39:55,430
plus one so e to go to the end of this

1038
00:39:51,030 --> 00:39:58,140
word a for a pend plus one escape

1039
00:39:55,430 --> 00:40:00,810
alright fix that problem and other issue

1040
00:39:58,140 --> 00:40:02,940
is that this program prints fizz for

1041
00:40:00,810 --> 00:40:05,970
both divisible by three and five so

1042
00:40:02,940 --> 00:40:07,920
let's fix that slash fizz searches for

1043
00:40:05,970 --> 00:40:11,790
fizz been oppressed and it goes to the

1044
00:40:07,920 --> 00:40:13,710
next match see I press E I quote changes

1045
00:40:11,790 --> 00:40:15,660
what's inside the quote so it's deleted

1046
00:40:13,710 --> 00:40:17,460
the fizz and put me in insert mode right

1047
00:40:15,660 --> 00:40:18,510
in between those two quotes and I can

1048
00:40:17,460 --> 00:40:23,460
type in whatever I want

1049
00:40:18,510 --> 00:40:26,630
escape to go back to normal mode so

1050
00:40:23,460 --> 00:40:28,890
great I've fixed that particular problem

1051
00:40:26,630 --> 00:40:31,710
another problem with this program is

1052
00:40:28,890 --> 00:40:37,710
that it prints fizz and Buzz on separate

1053
00:40:31,710 --> 00:40:42,150
lines for multiples of 15 so let's let's

1054
00:40:37,710 --> 00:40:42,870
go and fix that let me go down to this

1055
00:40:42,150 --> 00:40:44,580
line here

1056
00:40:42,870 --> 00:40:46,350
one way I can don't actually worry about

1057
00:40:44,580 --> 00:40:47,430
like the actual contents of this program

1058
00:40:46,350 --> 00:40:48,690
like this some stupid program that

1059
00:40:47,430 --> 00:40:51,000
doesn't matter pay attention to what

1060
00:40:48,690 --> 00:40:52,170
keys I'm pressing in vim that allow me

1061
00:40:51,000 --> 00:40:54,960
to make changes to this program really

1062
00:40:52,170 --> 00:40:56,790
efficiently so my cursor is on this line

1063
00:40:54,960 --> 00:40:59,460
i press dollar to go to the end of this

1064
00:40:56,790 --> 00:41:01,170
line i for insert mode okay and i'm

1065
00:40:59,460 --> 00:41:03,330
typing some stuff escape to go back to

1066
00:41:01,170 --> 00:41:07,050
normal mode now I want to make the same

1067
00:41:03,330 --> 00:41:11,610
change the print below look at this JJ

1068
00:41:07,050 --> 00:41:13,260
dot so what dot dozen vim is it repeats

1069
00:41:11,610 --> 00:41:15,990
the previous editing command that was

1070
00:41:13,260 --> 00:41:17,880
made and so this is a really nice way of

1071
00:41:15,990 --> 00:41:19,890
doing repetitive tasks without typing

1072
00:41:17,880 --> 00:41:21,630
the same thing over and over again so in

1073
00:41:19,890 --> 00:41:24,630
that particular case that inserted comma

1074
00:41:21,630 --> 00:41:27,110
end quote and so it applied the same

1075
00:41:24,630 --> 00:41:29,580
thing on this line when I press dot and

1076
00:41:27,110 --> 00:41:30,690
then when I guess one final part of this

1077
00:41:29,580 --> 00:41:32,930
demo is

1078
00:41:30,690 --> 00:41:34,620
we will fix the issue that this program

1079
00:41:32,930 --> 00:41:35,670
maybe should take a command-line

1080
00:41:34,620 --> 00:41:38,520
argument instead of having this

1081
00:41:35,670 --> 00:41:40,440
hard-coded 10 down here so how do we do

1082
00:41:38,520 --> 00:41:43,170
that I'll press GG to go to the top

1083
00:41:40,440 --> 00:41:44,490
capital o so now I've opened a line

1084
00:41:43,170 --> 00:41:47,220
above and I'm going to type in some text

1085
00:41:44,490 --> 00:41:49,710
like imports this enter escape to go

1086
00:41:47,220 --> 00:41:52,110
back to normal mode and then I want to

1087
00:41:49,710 --> 00:41:54,870
go down to where this 10 is so slash 10

1088
00:41:52,110 --> 00:41:57,540
makes me jump straight down there CI

1089
00:41:54,870 --> 00:41:59,760
pren to edit what's inside the

1090
00:41:57,540 --> 00:42:02,150
parentheses and now I can type in like

1091
00:41:59,760 --> 00:42:07,080
whatever thing I need to type in here

1092
00:42:02,150 --> 00:42:09,840
and then once I've done this my program

1093
00:42:07,080 --> 00:42:10,920
does fizzbuzz correctly I think I missed

1094
00:42:09,840 --> 00:42:12,390
one change I wanted to make but it

1095
00:42:10,920 --> 00:42:14,540
doesn't matter this demonstrates that

1096
00:42:12,390 --> 00:42:17,250
you can make lots of changes really fast

1097
00:42:14,540 --> 00:42:23,400
so any questions about this demo or the

1098
00:42:17,250 --> 00:42:27,960
overall idea we've been talking about ok

1099
00:42:23,400 --> 00:42:29,550
so this will be covered Tuesday so the

1100
00:42:27,960 --> 00:42:31,710
kind of outside environment I'm running

1101
00:42:29,550 --> 00:42:33,630
vim on the left and my shell on the

1102
00:42:31,710 --> 00:42:38,910
right and then this is team ox on the

1103
00:42:33,630 --> 00:42:39,900
outside one variant of that question

1104
00:42:38,910 --> 00:42:41,670
might be like how do you switch between

1105
00:42:39,900 --> 00:42:42,840
different vim windows and you can see

1106
00:42:41,670 --> 00:42:44,250
the lecture notes for that but there's a

1107
00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:45,720
key binding for that so if you have the

1108
00:42:44,250 --> 00:42:50,240
same window open or multiple things open

1109
00:42:45,720 --> 00:42:50,240
there's a way of doing that question ah

1110
00:42:50,840 --> 00:42:56,520
good question so delete takes a motion

1111
00:42:54,570 --> 00:42:58,110
and then removes those contents but

1112
00:42:56,520 --> 00:43:00,120
keeps you in normal mode so you can keep

1113
00:42:58,110 --> 00:43:02,430
just moving around in a file what change

1114
00:43:00,120 --> 00:43:03,900
does is very similar to delete it takes

1115
00:43:02,430 --> 00:43:06,150
motions and treats them in the same way

1116
00:43:03,900 --> 00:43:07,980
deletes those contents but then puts you

1117
00:43:06,150 --> 00:43:11,280
in insert mode and so it saves you from

1118
00:43:07,980 --> 00:43:13,290
typing one extra keystroke so if I'm

1119
00:43:11,280 --> 00:43:16,380
here for example I want to delete main

1120
00:43:13,290 --> 00:43:18,240
DW deletes a word but now if I press

1121
00:43:16,380 --> 00:43:21,720
whatever key likes I press J it just

1122
00:43:18,240 --> 00:43:23,490
moved me down if I undo that do cw4

1123
00:43:21,720 --> 00:43:24,810
change a word now it's actually put me

1124
00:43:23,490 --> 00:43:28,640
into insert mode and I can type in

1125
00:43:24,810 --> 00:43:31,890
whatever I want it to insert so DWI is

1126
00:43:28,640 --> 00:43:33,810
the same thing as CW but it saves a

1127
00:43:31,890 --> 00:43:35,280
keystroke one thing we've linked in the

1128
00:43:33,810 --> 00:43:37,140
resources is something called vim golf

1129
00:43:35,280 --> 00:43:39,840
basically people have set up a game

1130
00:43:37,140 --> 00:43:41,400
online where you can get an editing task

1131
00:43:39,840 --> 00:43:43,590
and try to figure out the minimal number

1132
00:43:41,400 --> 00:43:44,490
of keystrokes necessary to complete that

1133
00:43:43,590 --> 00:43:46,020
editing

1134
00:43:44,490 --> 00:43:47,340
it's actually really addictive so I'd

1135
00:43:46,020 --> 00:43:52,680
only suggest going on their chest and

1136
00:43:47,340 --> 00:44:00,450
script time I think I saw a hand for

1137
00:43:52,680 --> 00:44:02,070
another question yeah uh period yeah one

1138
00:44:00,450 --> 00:44:05,750
of the most useful of em commands good

1139
00:44:02,070 --> 00:44:05,750
question any other questions

1140
00:44:06,740 --> 00:44:13,260
cool so I think we have about five

1141
00:44:10,800 --> 00:44:14,760
minutes left and I'm gonna briefly talk

1142
00:44:13,260 --> 00:44:15,990
about a thing that's also covered in

1143
00:44:14,760 --> 00:44:19,470
detail in the notes so make sure you

1144
00:44:15,990 --> 00:44:22,349
look at the notes for this so vim is a

1145
00:44:19,470 --> 00:44:24,420
programmers text editor and so of course

1146
00:44:22,349 --> 00:44:25,740
it's highly programmable not only

1147
00:44:24,420 --> 00:44:27,720
through its interface that's a

1148
00:44:25,740 --> 00:44:29,099
programming language but also a couple

1149
00:44:27,720 --> 00:44:31,050
of different ways there's lots of

1150
00:44:29,099 --> 00:44:32,970
settings that you can tweak to match

1151
00:44:31,050 --> 00:44:34,740
your preferences and you can also

1152
00:44:32,970 --> 00:44:37,590
install plugins for them that do all

1153
00:44:34,740 --> 00:44:40,380
sorts of useful stuff so the way vim is

1154
00:44:37,590 --> 00:44:42,930
configured is through a file on disk

1155
00:44:40,380 --> 00:44:45,480
called vim RC and you'll see this is a

1156
00:44:42,930 --> 00:44:47,340
common pattern in a lot of shell based

1157
00:44:45,480 --> 00:44:49,349
tools there'll be a plain text file that

1158
00:44:47,340 --> 00:44:50,880
configures how the Tool Works and so if

1159
00:44:49,349 --> 00:44:53,670
I edit this file and it may or may not

1160
00:44:50,880 --> 00:44:56,310
exist on your machine yet but I've

1161
00:44:53,670 --> 00:44:58,170
downloaded the we've created a kind of

1162
00:44:56,310 --> 00:44:59,430
default vim RC for you and linked it on

1163
00:44:58,170 --> 00:45:02,190
the course website so you can start with

1164
00:44:59,430 --> 00:45:04,859
that one if I do vim tilde slash boom RC

1165
00:45:02,190 --> 00:45:07,080
I can see here a bunch of comments and

1166
00:45:04,859 --> 00:45:09,060
then particular commands like by default

1167
00:45:07,080 --> 00:45:11,280
we want syntax highlighting on and we

1168
00:45:09,060 --> 00:45:12,750
want line numbers if we didn't do some

1169
00:45:11,280 --> 00:45:14,880
of these things like let me remove the

1170
00:45:12,750 --> 00:45:16,500
stuff that sets line numbers if I remove

1171
00:45:14,880 --> 00:45:17,790
those configurations and relaunch vim

1172
00:45:16,500 --> 00:45:21,270
notice that I no longer have line

1173
00:45:17,790 --> 00:45:23,099
numbers on the left but yeah so in short

1174
00:45:21,270 --> 00:45:26,099
there's a lot of stuff you can configure

1175
00:45:23,099 --> 00:45:28,589
with them we've given you a very basic

1176
00:45:26,099 --> 00:45:29,880
configuration that tries to like remove

1177
00:45:28,589 --> 00:45:32,160
some of the kind of weird behavior

1178
00:45:29,880 --> 00:45:33,480
that's on by default in vim but we don't

1179
00:45:32,160 --> 00:45:35,550
really try to enforce too many of our

1180
00:45:33,480 --> 00:45:37,080
other opinions on you but of course like

1181
00:45:35,550 --> 00:45:39,210
the three of us used them a lot and we

1182
00:45:37,080 --> 00:45:41,310
have heavily customized VMR C's so we've

1183
00:45:39,210 --> 00:45:42,480
linked to our personal configurations

1184
00:45:41,310 --> 00:45:44,550
too if you want to take anything from

1185
00:45:42,480 --> 00:45:46,050
that and also like thousands or like

1186
00:45:44,550 --> 00:45:47,640
millions of people share their var C's

1187
00:45:46,050 --> 00:45:48,450
on github so there's lots of places to

1188
00:45:47,640 --> 00:45:49,920
look for inspiration

1189
00:45:48,450 --> 00:45:53,040
there's also cool blog posts on this

1190
00:45:49,920 --> 00:45:54,810
topic another thing you can do in vim is

1191
00:45:53,040 --> 00:45:56,820
you can extend it with plugins that do

1192
00:45:54,810 --> 00:45:58,080
all sorts of useful things this lets you

1193
00:45:56,820 --> 00:45:59,730
do things like fuzzy file

1194
00:45:58,080 --> 00:46:00,960
finding which a lot of text editors come

1195
00:45:59,730 --> 00:46:02,790
with by default so you can get like a

1196
00:46:00,960 --> 00:46:04,710
pop-up window you can type in a name of

1197
00:46:02,790 --> 00:46:07,020
a file or approximately the name of a

1198
00:46:04,710 --> 00:46:08,480
file and find it very quickly or there

1199
00:46:07,020 --> 00:46:10,920
are things that show you like

1200
00:46:08,480 --> 00:46:14,970
visualizations of undo history there are

1201
00:46:10,920 --> 00:46:16,350
things that show you like file explorers

1202
00:46:14,970 --> 00:46:18,360
things like that so we've linked to a

1203
00:46:16,350 --> 00:46:20,520
couple of our favorite plugins on the

1204
00:46:18,360 --> 00:46:22,230
course website and so I highly recommend

1205
00:46:20,520 --> 00:46:23,340
becoming familiar with how to install a

1206
00:46:22,230 --> 00:46:24,840
plug-in because it takes like three

1207
00:46:23,340 --> 00:46:29,580
seconds and some of them are really cool

1208
00:46:24,840 --> 00:46:32,130
and then finally the last topic I'll

1209
00:46:29,580 --> 00:46:34,680
briefly mention before we finish today's

1210
00:46:32,130 --> 00:46:37,170
lecture is vim mode and other programs

1211
00:46:34,680 --> 00:46:38,760
so turns out that a lot of programmers

1212
00:46:37,170 --> 00:46:40,650
we're really excited about VIMS

1213
00:46:38,760 --> 00:46:42,780
interface and so they've implemented

1214
00:46:40,650 --> 00:46:44,730
similar functionality and other tools

1215
00:46:42,780 --> 00:46:47,730
for example like I've configured my

1216
00:46:44,730 --> 00:46:49,530
Python repple to run in vim mode so I

1217
00:46:47,730 --> 00:46:51,720
can like type in stuff here and if I

1218
00:46:49,530 --> 00:46:53,250
press escape now I'm in normal mode in

1219
00:46:51,720 --> 00:46:55,230
my Python repple and I can like move

1220
00:46:53,250 --> 00:46:58,190
back and forth and like press X here

1221
00:46:55,230 --> 00:47:01,530
delete a thing like CW change a word and

1222
00:46:58,190 --> 00:47:03,210
do all those good things and it's not

1223
00:47:01,530 --> 00:47:05,910
just the Python repple like I have my

1224
00:47:03,210 --> 00:47:07,890
terminal behaving this way too so like I

1225
00:47:05,910 --> 00:47:10,050
can type in whatever I want here and

1226
00:47:07,890 --> 00:47:11,430
like escape and I'm in normal mode I can

1227
00:47:10,050 --> 00:47:13,320
go here and like go into visual mode

1228
00:47:11,430 --> 00:47:15,570
inside my terminal and like select

1229
00:47:13,320 --> 00:47:19,680
blocks of text press tilde to change the

1230
00:47:15,570 --> 00:47:22,080
case whatever so we've linked sir like

1231
00:47:19,680 --> 00:47:25,800
how exactly you can enable vim mode for

1232
00:47:22,080 --> 00:47:27,510
like bash z shell fish a lot of read

1233
00:47:25,800 --> 00:47:28,710
line based programs like jupiter

1234
00:47:27,510 --> 00:47:30,330
notebook a whole bunch of other things

1235
00:47:28,710 --> 00:47:32,130
and if it's not another place you can

1236
00:47:30,330 --> 00:47:33,840
probably find it by googling it because

1237
00:47:32,130 --> 00:47:36,030
a lot of people like to have this sort

1238
00:47:33,840 --> 00:47:37,380
of functionality and if you're really

1239
00:47:36,030 --> 00:47:39,270
gonna like commit to learning them I

1240
00:47:37,380 --> 00:47:41,490
think it's valuable to enable this sort

1241
00:47:39,270 --> 00:47:43,080
of like vim emulation mode in every tool

1242
00:47:41,490 --> 00:47:44,970
you use is like one or like make you

1243
00:47:43,080 --> 00:47:46,800
learn the tool a lot better and to once

1244
00:47:44,970 --> 00:47:47,970
you become good at vim like those skills

1245
00:47:46,800 --> 00:47:53,130
will now transfer to all your other

1246
00:47:47,970 --> 00:47:54,840
tools you use okay so I think that's it

1247
00:47:53,130 --> 00:47:57,060
for our rapid introduction to them

1248
00:47:54,840 --> 00:47:58,320
there's some other neat material that we

1249
00:47:57,060 --> 00:47:59,790
weren't able to fit in today's lecture

1250
00:47:58,320 --> 00:48:01,140
but it's in the lecture notes and then

1251
00:47:59,790 --> 00:48:02,880
finally I highly recommend going through

1252
00:48:01,140 --> 00:48:05,220
the exercises for today like at least

1253
00:48:02,880 --> 00:48:07,440
for me personally I think spending time

1254
00:48:05,220 --> 00:48:08,910
learning my text editor has been like

1255
00:48:07,440 --> 00:48:10,140
the most beneficial thing out of like

1256
00:48:08,910 --> 00:48:11,580
the kinds of things we're teaching in

1257
00:48:10,140 --> 00:48:14,020
this class

1258
00:48:11,580 --> 00:48:15,540
so yeah that's it for today's lecture

1259
00:48:14,020 --> 00:48:17,530
and we'll see you tomorrow

1260
00:48:15,540 --> 00:48:20,320
note that we've changed tomorrow's

1261
00:48:17,530 --> 00:48:22,060
lecture to data wrangling Thursday and

1262
00:48:20,320 --> 00:48:23,500
Tuesday lectures are now switched this

1263
00:48:22,060 --> 00:48:25,000
is reflected on the course website in

1264
00:48:23,500 --> 00:48:27,510
case anybody was going to come to one

1265
00:48:25,000 --> 00:48:27,510
but not the other