WEBVTT 00:00:11.890 --> 00:00:16.790 ผมชื่อสตีเฟน พิงเคอร์ และผมเป็นศาสตราจารย์ ด้านจิตวิทยาที่มหาวิทยาลัยฮาวาร์ด และ 00:00:16.790 --> 00:00:22.680 วันนี้ ผมจะมาเล่าให้คุณฟังเกี่ยวกับภาษา จริง ๆ แล้วผมไม่ใช่นักภาษาศาสตร์ 00:00:22.680 --> 00:00:28.160 แต่เป็นนักวิทยาศาสตร์ด้านสมองและความคิด ผมไม่ได้สนใจภาษาในฐานะธรรมชาติของมันเอง 00:00:28.160 --> 00:00:32.490 แต่ในฐานะของหน้าต่างสู่ความคิดของมนุษย์ ภาษาคือหนึ่งในหัวข้อรากฐาน 00:00:32.490 --> 00:00:38.030 ของมนุษยศาสตร์ มันคือคุณลักษณะที่ แบ่งแยกมนุษย์ออกจากสายพันธุ์อื่น ๆ 00:00:38.030 --> 00:00:45.030 อย่างชัดเจน มันเป็นสิ่งจำเป็นในการร่วมมือ กันของมนุษย์ เราสร้างสิ่งอัศจรรย์ต่าง ๆ ได้ 00:00:45.030 --> 00:00:52.239 ด้วยการแบ่งปันความรู้และประสานกำลังกัน ด้วยคำพูด มันเป็นรากฐานของ 00:00:52.239 --> 00:00:58.769 เงื่อนงำวิทยาศาสตร์อันลึกซึ้ง เช่นว่า ภาษาวิวัฒนาการในสายพันธุ์ต่าง ๆ ได้อย่างไร 00:00:58.769 --> 00:01:05.610 สมองประมวลผลภาษาอย่างไร? และเช่นเรื่อง ภาษา 00:01:05.610 --> 00:01:11.020 00:01:11.020 --> 00:01:16.420 00:01:16.420 --> 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