0:00:11.890,0:00:16.790 ผมชื่อสตีเฟน พิงเคอร์ และผมเป็นศาสตราจารย์[br]ด้านจิตวิทยาที่มหาวิทยาลัยฮาวาร์ด และ 0:00:16.790,0:00:22.680 วันนี้ ผมจะมาเล่าให้คุณฟังเกี่ยวกับภาษา[br]จริง ๆ แล้วผมไม่ใช่นักภาษาศาสตร์ 0:00:22.680,0:00:28.160 แต่เป็นนักวิทยาศาสตร์ด้านสมองและความคิด[br]ผมไม่ได้สนใจภาษาในฐานะธรรมชาติของมันเอง 0:00:28.160,0:00:32.490 แต่ในฐานะของหน้าต่างสู่ความคิดของมนุษย์[br]ภาษาคือหนึ่งในหัวข้อรากฐาน 0:00:32.490,0:00:38.030 ของมนุษยศาสตร์ มันคือคุณลักษณะที่[br]แบ่งแยกมนุษย์ออกจากสายพันธุ์อื่น ๆ 0:00:38.030,0:00:45.030 อย่างชัดเจน มันเป็นสิ่งจำเป็นในการร่วมมือ[br]กันของมนุษย์ เราสร้างสิ่งอัศจรรย์ต่าง ๆ ได้ 0:00:45.030,0:00:52.239 ด้วยการแบ่งปันความรู้และประสานกำลังกัน[br]ด้วยคำพูด มันเป็นรากฐานของ[br] 0:00:52.239,0:00:58.769 เงื่อนงำวิทยาศาสตร์อันลึกซึ้ง เช่นว่า[br]ภาษาวิวัฒนาการในสายพันธุ์ต่าง ๆ ได้อย่างไร 0:00:58.769,0:01:05.610 สมองประมวลผลภาษาอย่างไร? และเช่นเรื่อง[br]ภาษา 0:01:05.610,0:01:11.020 0:01:11.020,0:01:16.420 0:01:16.420,0:01:21.100 0:01:21.100,0:01:26.500 0:01:26.500,0:01:31.750 0:01:31.750,0:01:38.329 0:01:38.329,0:01:44.719 0:01:44.719,0:01:49.619 0:01:49.619,0:01:55.329 0:01:55.329,0:02:01.079 0:02:01.079,0:02:06.899 0:02:06.899,0:02:13.760 0:02:13.760,0:02:19.440 0:02:19.440,0:02:31.540 0:02:31.540,0:02:35.410 0:02:35.410,0:02:39.760 0:02:39.760,0:02:46.209 0:02:46.209,0:02:53.340 0:02:53.340,0:02:58.640 0:02:58.640,0:03:05.319 0:03:05.319,0:03:10.569 0:03:10.569,0:03:16.620 0:03:16.620,0:03:21.019 0:03:21.019,0:03:25.489 0:03:25.489,0:03:30.489 0:03:30.489,0:03:38.090 0:03:38.090,0:03:45.129 0:03:45.129,0:03:49.180 0:03:49.180,0:03:54.989 0:03:54.989,0:03:59.540 0:03:59.540,0:04:02.220 0:04:02.220,0:04:11.590 0:04:11.590,0:04:18.250 0:04:18.250,0:04:23.520 0:04:23.520,0:04:29.500 0:04:29.500,0:04:35.470 0:04:35.470,0:04:40.220 0:04:40.220,0:04:47.800 0:04:47.800,0:04:51.850 0:04:51.850,0:04:58.060 0:04:58.060,0:05:05.140 0:05:05.140,0:05:11.260 0:05:11.260,0:05:15.690 0:05:15.690,0:05:22.240 0:05:22.240,0:05:27.640 0:05:27.640,0:05:31.540 0:05:31.540,0:05:36.930 0:05:36.930,0:05:41.990 0:05:41.990,0:05:48.800 0:05:48.800,0:05:54.910 0:05:54.910,0:06:00.660 0:06:00.660,0:06:05.910 0:06:05.910,0:06:12.940 0:06:12.940,0:06:17.260 0:06:17.260,0:06:23.140 0:06:23.140,0:06:27.640 0:06:27.640,0:06:34.680 0:06:34.680,0:06:40.420 0:06:40.420,0:06:44.600 0:06:44.600,0:06:50.140 0:06:50.140,0:06:53.730 0:06:53.730,0:06:57.070 0:06:57.070,0:07:01.400 0:07:01.400,0:07:03.330 0:07:03.330,0:07:08.410 0:07:08.410,0:07:14.890 0:07:14.890,0:07:20.910 0:07:20.910,0:07:27.540 0:07:27.540,0:07:33.460 0:07:33.460,0:07:38.670 0:07:38.670,0:07:45.680 0:07:45.680,0:07:51.180 0:07:51.180,0:07:53.320 0:07:53.320,0:07:59.480 0:07:59.480,0:08:05.620 0:08:05.620,0:08:10.710 0:08:10.710,0:08:17.210 0:08:17.210,0:08:23.220 0:08:23.220,0:08:24.010 0:08:24.010,0:08:25.670 0:08:25.670,0:08:31.980 0:08:31.980,0:08:38.719 0:08:38.719,0:08:45.430 0:08:45.430,0:08:48.280 0:08:48.280,0:08:50.340 0:08:50.340,0:08:56.860 0:08:56.860,0:09:03.190 0:09:03.190,0:09:09.110 0:09:09.110,0:09:15.190 0:09:15.190,0:09:21.630 0:09:21.630,0:09:22.310 0:09:22.310,0:09:25.310 0:09:25.310,0:09:31.160 0:09:31.160,0:09:37.770 0:09:37.770,0:09:44.870 0:09:44.870,0:09:48.500 0:09:48.500,0:09:53.940 0:09:53.940,0:09:59.770 0:09:59.770,0:10:07.130 0:10:07.130,0:10:11.790 0:10:11.790,0:10:17.990 0:10:17.990,0:10:25.150 0:10:25.150,0:10:30.180 0:10:30.180,0:10:37.130 0:10:37.130,0:10:39.820 0:10:39.820,0:10:44.610 0:10:44.610,0:10:49.070 0:10:49.070,0:10:53.880 0:10:53.880,0:10:59.970 0:10:59.970,0:11:06.400 0:11:06.400,0:11:07.860 0:11:07.860,0:11:10.710 0:11:10.710,0:11:15.320 0:11:15.320,0:11:20.550 0:11:20.550,0:11:26.600 0:11:26.600,0:11:33.320 0:11:33.320,0:11:39.710 0:11:39.710,0:11:46.180 0:11:46.180,0:11:51.070 0:11:51.070,0:11:59.160 0:11:59.160,0:12:05.670 0:12:05.670,0:12:09.540 0:12:09.540,0:12:15.430 0:12:15.430,0:12:20.810 0:12:20.810,0:12:26.600 0:12:26.600,0:12:32.610 0:12:32.610,0:12:39.279 0:12:39.279,0:12:46.040 0:12:46.040,0:12:50.230 0:12:50.230,0:12:57.480 0:12:57.480,0:13:05.220 0:13:05.220,0:13:11.130 0:13:11.130,0:13:17.320 0:13:17.320,0:13:24.290 0:13:24.290,0:13:30.670 0:13:30.670,0:13:36.070 0:13:36.070,0:13:38.650 0:13:38.650,0:13:45.420 0:13:45.420,0:13:51.839 0:13:51.839,0:13:57.550 0:13:57.550,0:14:02.650 0:14:02.650,0:14:07.240 0:14:07.240,0:14:14.610 0:14:14.610,0:14:19.580 0:14:19.580,0:14:24.460 0:14:24.460,0:14:31.670 0:14:31.670,0:14:36.600 0:14:36.600,0:14:43.800 0:14:43.800,0:14:49.490 0:14:49.490,0:14:55.070 0:14:55.070,0:15:00.440 0:15:00.440,0:15:07.040 0:15:07.040,0:15:12.680 0:15:12.680,0:15:19.100 0:15:19.100,0:15:23.700 0:15:23.700,0:15:32.290 0:15:32.290,0:15:38.510 0:15:38.510,0:15:45.550 0:15:45.550,0:15:51.690 0:15:51.690,0:15:57.310 0:15:57.310,0:16:03.410 0:16:03.410,0:16:09.370 0:16:09.370,0:16:15.620 0:16:15.620,0:16:23.000 0:16:23.000,0:16:28.660 0:16:28.660,0:16:35.380 0:16:35.380,0:16:43.330 0:16:43.330,0:16:49.380 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0:28:08.650,0:28:13.720 0:28:13.720,0:28:19.140 0:28:19.140,0:28:25.190 0:28:25.190,0:28:30.070 0:28:30.070,0:28:35.950 0:28:35.950,0:28:41.460 0:28:41.460,0:28:46.520 0:28:46.520,0:28:47.660 0:28:47.660,0:28:48.730 0:28:48.730,0:28:51.010 0:28:51.010,0:28:56.400 0:28:56.400,0:29:01.539 0:29:01.539,0:29:27.130 0:29:27.130,0:29:33.179 0:29:33.179,0:29:36.799 0:29:36.799,0:29:41.630 0:29:41.630,0:29:47.030 0:29:47.030,0:29:54.450 0:29:54.450,0:29:59.809 0:29:59.809,0:30:05.820 0:30:05.820,0:30:12.799 0:30:12.799,0:30:19.429 0:30:19.429,0:30:26.500 0:30:26.500,0:30:32.309 0:30:32.309,0:30:40.650 0:30:40.650,0:30:45.110 0:30:45.110,0:30:50.799 0:30:50.799,0:30:58.179 0:30:58.179,0:31:05.970 0:31:05.970,0:31:11.610 0:31:11.610,0:31:15.010 0:31:15.010,0:31:20.059 0:31:20.059,0:31:27.720 0:31:27.720,0:31:34.190 0:31:34.190,0:31:38.559 0:31:38.559,0:31:44.500 0:31:44.500,0:31:52.659 0:31:52.659,0:31:57.360 0:31:57.360,0:32:03.360 0:32:03.360,0:32:05.370 0:32:05.370,0:32:13.789 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