WEBVTT

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Heraldo: OK! Vamos a la charla. Así que..,
la siguiente es Andrea Jungaberle. Ella es

NOTE Paragraph

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hablar de las drogas y de cómo estas afectan
la psiquiatría. Oh, esa es una palabra difícil.

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¿Por qué no lo haces? Ahora lo sé.
Y la pregunta es, después de la...

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es "Verbot" en inglés?
Andrea Jungaberle: Prohibición.

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Prohibición, correcto, después de la prohibición
en los años 70, no se piensa mucho

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sobre cómo funcionan estas drogas y cómo 
podrían mejorar la psiquiatría, así que

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ahora todo el mundo se pregunta, ¿Es está la
cura magica ? No lo creo. Pero más

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de esto por Andrea.
Bueno, una cálida bienvenida, por favor.

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Hola a todos. Estoy muy feliz de estar
aquí y de poder hablar con ustedes

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sobre un tema que es importante para mí y creo
que es muy importante para muchas personas

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ahora y en el futuro. Así que el tema de 
hoy es la Medicina Psicodélica, ¿Hackeando

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la psiquiatría? Y sólo para remarcar el
titular, no es una cura mágica y

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nunca lo será. Pero por otro lado,
hay muchas cosas que saber y pensar

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en este contexto que me gustaría 
presentarles. Pero primero, unos cuantas

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palabras acerca de mí. Soy médico,
especializada en medicina de emergencia

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y cuidados intensivos. Trabajo y vivo en Berlín.
Y también soy una de los fundadoras de MIND,

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Fundación Europea para la Psicodelia
Ciencia, y soy su actual directora médica.

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Eso es nuestro equipo principal. Así que 
MIND es un equipo basado en miembros

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de la Asociación de Ciencia Psicodélica. Contamos
con 450 miembros en todo el mundo y un equipo

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principal de 50 personas. Eso es un núcleo
de personal remunerado, muchos muy dedicados,

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muy buenos voluntarios y grandes internos
de diferentes disciplinas como la

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neurociencia, psiquiatría, psicología, y farmacología
, por ejemplo. Así que trabajamos para

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establecer la ciencia psicodélica como un
método basado en la evidencia y también educar

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sobre ello en Alemania y en Europa.
Bien, vamos a comenzar por la parte más profunda.

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Psicodélicos. ¿Qué son los psicodélicos?,
el término viene del griego Psique Delos

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que podría traducirse como "manifestando
la mente de la psique". Así que

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muchos hablaban de las sustancias 
psicoactivas con una cierta capacidad

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de transformar la percepción de uno,
la introspección, las cualidades sensoriales en una

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manera típica que a veces se describe como
como un sueño, pero no necesariamente.

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Los psicodélicos clásicos que también se llaman
alucinógenos, que no me gustan el

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termino porque no inducen
alucinaciones. Lo que hacen es inducir

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pseudo-alucinaciones; así que alguien en
sustancias psicodélicas, generalmente el 99%

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de las veces es consciente de que ha
tomado una sustancia y lo que lo que

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experienta se debe a la sustancia. Así que
no es un alucinógeno, sino un pseudo...

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alucinógeno. Pero estas sustancias, clásicas 
como el LSD, psilocibina o DMT-

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funcionan de una manera muy específica y todos ellos
están trabajando en el sistema serotoninérgico.

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Así que la serotonina es uno de los 
neurotransmisores claves y hay un receptor

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que es el receptor 5-HT2A, que es,
como, el más pequeño común denominador de

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todas esas sustancias, lo que no quiere decir
que todas trabajan sólo con este, pero

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afectan a toda una plétora de
neurotransmisores y receptores. Pero este

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la clave donde todos trabajan. Hay
otras sustancias que se clasifican como,

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psicodélicos, de alguna manera, tal como
el éxtasis, el MDMA es uno de los

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que también funciona en el sistema de
serotonina. Disociativos, como la ketamina,

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que trabaja más en el receptor NMDA y algunos
otros; son básicamente químicos

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como la Amanita, que es el hongo 
matamoscas, o Datura, o la Salvia.

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Esta es la única diapositiva con la que voy a molestar
con informaciòn de tipo de cientifico. Pero yo

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creo que es importante ser claro sobre
esto porque aunque los psicodélicos son

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un meme cultural pop, casi nadie sabe
algo al respecto, para ser honesto. La mayoría

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los asocian con ser drogas de
el mismo perfil de peligro que la metanfetamina

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o los opiáceos. Piensan que hay un factor adicción
adictivo que de hecho no existe con

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los psicodélicos clásicos.Y básicamente 
han sido el rincón sucio de la percepción para

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mucha gente durante mucho tiempo. Recientemente,
las cosas han cambiado un poco. Los Psicodélicos

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han llegado a ser mainstream. En primer lugar, porque
hay un cambio de percepción sobre las drogas en

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general debido a la percepción de la cannabis y
su prescripción medicación. Y también porque

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gente como, por ejemplo, Michael Pollan,
que es un autor bestseller que escribe

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sobre cocina y nutrición, ha recurrido a
escribir sobre psicodélicos. Y otro

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factor que ha ayudado a los psicodélicos por un lado, 
y al mismo tiempo los ha perjudicado es el

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tema de la microdosificación que hemos visto,
especialmente en la escena de la tecnología

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y especialmente en el área de la bahía y
Silicon Valley. Pero ¿De dónde vienen?

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En esta charla, no voy a
hablar de psicodélicos,ni de sustancias

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psicoativas en otros marcos culturales.
Hay culturas como la del Amazonas

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o algunos pueblos aztecas de México
que han estado usando psicoactivos

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