WEBVTT 00:00:25.690 --> 00:00:27.406 (Bell) 00:00:32.201 --> 00:00:37.196 (Inaudible) 00:00:56.629 --> 00:01:04.371 (fr): We will begin by listening to three sounds of the bell. 00:01:06.200 --> 00:01:09.614 Dear Thay, dear sisters, dear friends, dear brothers, 00:01:10.631 --> 00:01:14.658 now we will practice together a short guided sitting meditation. 00:01:16.145 --> 00:01:20.905 Please find a comfortable and stable sitting posture, 00:01:22.121 --> 00:01:24.701 be aware of your breathing, 00:01:25.152 --> 00:01:27.899 keep a gentle smile as you breathe. 00:01:28.333 --> 00:01:32.378 We will begin by listening to three sounds of the bell. 00:01:40.368 --> 00:01:41.982 (Bell) 00:01:44.914 --> 00:01:51.208 (Bell) 00:02:13.767 --> 00:02:19.778 (Bell) 00:02:39.340 --> 00:02:45.450 (Bell) 00:03:02.458 --> 00:03:03.940 (Bell) 00:03:04.972 --> 00:03:10.017 (French) 00:03:24.540 --> 00:03:28.335 Breathing in, I am aware of my in-breath. 00:03:30.416 --> 00:03:35.211 Breathing out, I am aware of my out-breath. 00:03:36.742 --> 00:03:40.972 In-breath, out-breath. 00:03:42.537 --> 00:03:48.596 (Bell) 00:05:23.464 --> 00:05:25.029 (Bell) 00:05:26.311 --> 00:05:31.789 (French) 00:05:43.925 --> 00:05:48.604 Breathing in, my breath goes deep. 00:05:50.286 --> 00:05:55.696 Breathing out, my breath goes slowly. 00:05:57.195 --> 00:06:00.358 Deep, slow. 00:06:01.922 --> 00:06:08.132 (Bell) 00:08:21.976 --> 00:08:23.807 (Bell) 00:08:26.155 --> 00:08:31.566 (French) 00:08:47.065 --> 00:08:51.779 Breathing in, I am aware of my body. 00:08:53.409 --> 00:08:58.104 Breathing out, I smile to my body. 00:08:59.637 --> 00:09:04.847 Aware of body, smiling to body. 00:09:07.528 --> 00:09:13.722 (Bell) 00:11:02.656 --> 00:11:04.338 (Bell) 00:11:06.137 --> 00:11:11.880 (French) 00:11:25.084 --> 00:11:29.810 Breathing in, I feel joyful to be alive. 00:11:31.209 --> 00:11:37.087 Breathing out, I smile to life within me and around me. 00:11:38.452 --> 00:11:41.896 Being alive, smiling. 00:11:43.830 --> 00:11:50.123 (Bell) 00:14:20.032 --> 00:14:21.444 (Bell) 00:14:23.158 --> 00:14:29.285 (French) 00:14:42.704 --> 00:14:47.468 Breathing in, I dwell in the present moment. 00:14:48.932 --> 00:14:54.109 Breathing out, I enjoy the present moment. 00:14:55.974 --> 00:15:00.137 Present moment, enjoying. 00:15:01.834 --> 00:15:08.143 (Bell) 00:17:37.654 --> 00:17:39.036 (Bell) 00:17:41.768 --> 00:17:47.628 (Bell) 00:18:08.439 --> 00:18:12.336 Thank you for your practice. (French) 00:18:12.868 --> 00:18:16.048 Dear Thay, dear brothers and sisters, 00:18:16.348 --> 00:18:19.611 we would like to invite all the monastic brothers and sisters 00:18:19.844 --> 00:18:23.208 to come up for chanting before the Dharma talk. Thank you. 00:18:54.024 --> 00:18:55.473 (Bell) 00:18:58.753 --> 00:19:04.846 (Bell) 00:19:23.245 --> 00:19:29.521 (Bell) 00:19:44.338 --> 00:19:50.515 (Bell) 00:20:10.016 --> 00:20:11.649 (Bell) 00:20:13.647 --> 00:20:16.327 Contemplations before chanting. 00:20:17.159 --> 00:20:20.873 The sangha is invited to come back to our breathing 00:20:21.606 --> 00:20:27.666 so that our collective energy of mindfulness will bring us together as an organism, 00:20:28.482 --> 00:20:32.331 going as a river with no more separation. 00:20:33.576 --> 00:20:36.921 Let the whole sangha breathe as one body, 00:20:37.372 --> 00:20:41.501 chant as one body, listen as one body, 00:20:42.300 --> 00:20:45.831 and transcend the boundaries of a delusive self, 00:20:46.513 --> 00:20:52.273 liberating from the superiority complex, the inferiority complex, 00:20:52.774 --> 00:20:55.287 and the equality complex. 00:20:57.685 --> 00:21:04.693 # May the day be well # and the night be well. 00:21:05.675 --> 00:21:12.487 # May the midday hour # bring happiness, too. 00:21:13.400 --> 00:21:25.039 # In every minute and every second, # may the day and night be well. 00:21:25.688 --> 00:21:35.511 # By the blessing of the Triple Gem, # may all things be protected and safe. 00:21:36.211 --> 00:21:42.221 # May all beings # born in each of the four ways 00:21:42.736 --> 00:21:48.131 # live in a land of purity. 00:21:48.863 --> 00:21:55.158 # May all in three Realms # be born upon Lotus Thrones. 00:21:55.607 --> 00:21:59.886 # May countless wandering souls 00:22:00.136 --> 00:22:07.126 # realize the three virtuous positions # of the Bodhisattva Path. 00:22:07.527 --> 00:22:13.338 # May all living beings, # with grace and ease, 00:22:13.719 --> 00:22:18.499 # fulfill the Bodhisattva Stages. 00:22:18.932 --> 00:22:27.921 # The countenance of the World-Honored One, # like the full moon, 00:22:28.522 --> 00:22:38.477 # or like the orb of the sun, # shines with the light of clarity. 00:22:39.011 --> 00:22:47.735 # A halo of wisdom # spreads in every direction, 00:22:48.334 --> 00:23:02.237 # enveloping all with love and compassion, # joy, and equanimity. 00:23:03.471 --> 00:23:16.872 # Namo Shakyamunaye Buddhaya. 00:23:17.671 --> 00:23:31.423 # Namo Shakyamunaye Buddhaya. 00:23:32.222 --> 00:23:48.555 # Namo Shakyamunaye Buddhaya. # 00:23:49.237 --> 00:23:51.818 (Bell) 00:23:59.227 --> 00:24:10.299 # The Buddha jewel shines infinitely, # enlightened for countless lifetimes. 00:24:10.732 --> 00:24:16.191 # The beauty and stability # of a Buddha sitting 00:24:16.507 --> 00:24:20.937 # is seen in mountains and rivers. 00:24:21.303 --> 00:24:26.698 # How splendid is the Vulture Peak! 00:24:27.147 --> 00:24:37.270 # How beautiful the light, # that shines forth from Buddha’s brow, 00:24:37.836 --> 00:24:42.481 # illumining the six dark paths. 00:24:42.864 --> 00:24:52.970 # To the Nagapushpa assembly we will go, 00:24:53.436 --> 00:25:02.643 # to continue the true teachings # and practices. NOTE Paragraph 00:25:03.692 --> 00:25:11.135 # We take refuge # in the Buddha ever present. 00:25:13.566 --> 00:25:24.336 # The Dharma jewel is infinitely lovely, # the precious words of Buddha. 00:25:24.887 --> 00:25:34.925 # Like fragrant flowers # floating down from the heavens. 00:25:35.492 --> 00:25:45.565 # The wonderful Dharma is plain to see, 00:25:46.031 --> 00:25:55.938 # it is recorded luminously # in three transparent baskets. 00:25:56.503 --> 00:26:06.193 # From generation to generation # handed down in ten directions, 00:26:06.709 --> 00:26:16.332 # so that today we can see our way. # We vow to learn with all our heart. 00:26:16.849 --> 00:26:24.158 # We take refuge # in the Dharma ever present. 00:26:27.587 --> 00:26:36.914 # The Sangha jewel is infinitely precious, # a field of merit and good seeds. 00:26:37.561 --> 00:26:47.217 # The three robes and begging bowl # are symbols of freedom. 00:26:47.664 --> 00:26:57.240 # The mindfulness trainings, # concentration, and insight 00:26:57.805 --> 00:27:07.262 # support each other. # In mindfulness day and night, 00:27:07.744 --> 00:27:12.906 # the Sangha dwells and is the foundation 00:27:13.206 --> 00:27:22.879 # for us to realize # the fruit of meditation. 00:27:23.229 --> 00:27:27.441 # With one heart, we come home 00:27:27.791 --> 00:27:35.598 # and take refuge # in the Sangha ever present. # 00:27:36.931 --> 00:27:40.594 (Bell) 00:27:40.860 --> 00:27:45.771 (Bell) 00:27:46.370 --> 00:27:47.470 (Bell) 00:27:56.510 --> 00:27:58.258 (Bell) 00:28:14.758 --> 00:28:16.874 (Bell) 00:28:30.073 --> 00:28:33.984 Breathing in, I go back to the island within myself. NOTE Paragraph 00:28:34.285 --> 00:28:37.381 There are beautiful trees on the island. 00:28:44.840 --> 00:28:47.953 Breathing out, I feel safe. 00:28:48.903 --> 00:28:52.399 I enjoy going back to my island. NOTE Paragraph 00:29:05.317 --> 00:29:08.665 Most respected Thay, dear sangha, 00:29:09.232 --> 00:29:13.560 today is the 8th of May in the year 2022, 00:29:14.227 --> 00:29:20.004 we are in the New Hamlet, in the Full Moon meditation hall 00:29:21.252 --> 00:29:24.332 on our day of mindfulness. 00:29:31.843 --> 00:29:39.918 We are going to listen to three sounds of the bell 00:29:41.033 --> 00:29:44.463 in order to come back to the island 00:29:46.510 --> 00:29:48.408 (Vietnamese) 00:29:54.214 --> 00:29:57.611 in order to come back to the island within ourselves. 00:29:59.876 --> 00:30:04.353 Please, enjoy your breathing. That is the best way home. 00:30:13.106 --> 00:30:15.027 (Bell) 00:30:19.514 --> 00:30:25.402 (Bell) 00:30:59.488 --> 00:31:05.727 (Bell) 00:31:40.639 --> 00:31:46.981 (Bell) 00:32:26.840 --> 00:32:36.968 Dear sangha, in Israel, Palestine, in what I believe is called no man's land, 00:32:38.453 --> 00:32:43.171 there is a practice center, 00:32:44.223 --> 00:32:47.728 I think founded by a Christian monk. 00:32:49.345 --> 00:32:54.598 And the name of the center is Neve Shalom. 00:32:56.018 --> 00:32:59.940 The word "neve" means an island. 00:33:00.891 --> 00:33:03.826 And "shalom" means peace. 00:33:05.263 --> 00:33:08.065 Island of peace. 00:33:13.652 --> 00:33:17.291 Because we, human beings, 00:33:17.624 --> 00:33:23.746 we all need that island of peace. 00:33:30.171 --> 00:33:34.256 Maybe we've been looking for it for a long time. 00:33:36.844 --> 00:33:41.733 And we find that when we are looking for our island of peace, 00:33:42.166 --> 00:33:46.720 we go around in circles. 00:33:54.710 --> 00:34:01.653 Today is also Mother's Day in the United States. 00:34:02.318 --> 00:34:05.155 I don't know what other countries. 00:34:06.055 --> 00:34:08.609 I think in Australia also. 00:34:13.414 --> 00:34:20.954 We have to ask, is my mother in me at peace? 00:34:28.062 --> 00:34:31.799 We all have a mother inside of us. 00:34:32.732 --> 00:34:36.352 We would not be here if it was not for our mother. 00:34:38.672 --> 00:34:41.239 But, is she at peace? 00:34:42.560 --> 00:34:47.482 Did she have to go through war? 00:34:52.636 --> 00:34:56.958 Has she found peace yet? 00:35:05.132 --> 00:35:07.668 I think we can help her. 00:35:12.956 --> 00:35:16.893 I think we can help her find peace. 00:35:18.495 --> 00:35:21.916 We can talk to her. 00:35:25.570 --> 00:35:30.240 Last week, for those of you who were here, 00:35:33.810 --> 00:35:37.582 you practiced that meditation before. 00:35:39.248 --> 00:35:44.104 You practiced the meditation before the beginning of the Dharma talk. 00:35:47.458 --> 00:35:49.941 Aware of my back, 00:35:53.613 --> 00:35:59.736 I know that it is my back, but it's also my mother's back. 00:36:00.338 --> 00:36:07.795 Because in every cell of my back are the genes of my mother and my father. 00:36:10.113 --> 00:36:14.167 So aware of my back, 00:36:14.915 --> 00:36:20.073 I am also aware that I am sitting with my mother's back. 00:36:23.278 --> 00:36:26.063 It is not just my back. 00:36:29.197 --> 00:36:32.749 It is also my mother's back. 00:36:34.236 --> 00:36:36.938 I cannot escape that truth. 00:36:40.059 --> 00:36:42.228 It's very scientific. 00:36:47.500 --> 00:36:51.087 Then we practiced, aware of my lungs. 00:36:52.573 --> 00:36:54.591 They are my lungs, 00:36:55.576 --> 00:37:00.129 but they are also my mother's lungs. 00:37:01.130 --> 00:37:07.986 Because my mother is in every cell of my lungs with her genes. 00:37:10.941 --> 00:37:17.681 So I am breathing with my mother's lungs, I am sitting with my mother's back. 00:37:18.464 --> 00:37:23.201 That is the practice for us to do on Mother's Day. 00:37:27.552 --> 00:37:31.473 Do not think that you are separate from your mother. 00:37:34.310 --> 00:37:37.647 Her suffering is also your suffering. 00:37:42.602 --> 00:37:46.890 When we can come back to that island of peace in ourselves 00:37:47.775 --> 00:37:53.016 with our sitting and our breathing, 00:37:56.351 --> 00:38:00.036 then we can begin to feel safe. 00:38:05.284 --> 00:38:09.787 We need to feel safe for our mother, 00:38:10.489 --> 00:38:13.258 so she can feel safe too. 00:38:14.076 --> 00:38:19.031 Because maybe in the in the Second World War, 00:38:20.548 --> 00:38:23.969 she had to run away from the bombs. 00:38:32.960 --> 00:38:35.062 So talk to her. 00:38:35.798 --> 00:38:39.601 Tell her, "Mother, we're safe now." 00:38:43.105 --> 00:38:47.276 Maybe she was a child during the war. 00:38:49.112 --> 00:38:51.747 That is the war we had in Europe, 00:38:51.947 --> 00:38:56.017 or any other war that you have in any other part of the world. 00:39:02.074 --> 00:39:04.091 And the fear 00:39:05.958 --> 00:39:11.733 that people suffer from during war is very great. 00:39:15.337 --> 00:39:21.409 It's very difficult to heal, to transform. 00:39:24.513 --> 00:39:28.416 We need to help our mother in us. 00:39:33.288 --> 00:39:38.544 Tell her, "Mother, we are safe now." 00:39:41.796 --> 00:39:46.084 Because your mother's fear, it can become your fear. 00:39:47.252 --> 00:39:51.708 Sometimes we have to recognize this fear that is coming up in me 00:39:52.089 --> 00:39:54.577 isn't just my fear. 00:39:54.927 --> 00:39:59.115 It is also my mother's fear and my father's fear. 00:40:00.616 --> 00:40:07.005 So I take care of my mother, and father, and myself at the same time. 00:40:10.610 --> 00:40:16.081 Last week or... I don't remember how many weeks, 00:40:16.265 --> 00:40:21.570 sister Eleni, sister Từ Nghiêm, gave a Dharma talk. 00:40:22.503 --> 00:40:26.559 She mentioned a story that the Buddha told. 00:40:27.927 --> 00:40:30.562 I will tell you again. 00:40:31.513 --> 00:40:34.117 There is a couple, 00:40:35.367 --> 00:40:42.123 a father and a daughter maybe, or master and disciple. 00:40:43.876 --> 00:40:49.382 And together they do an acrobatic act to make their living. 00:40:50.212 --> 00:40:52.868 It is quite dangerous. 00:40:53.384 --> 00:40:59.742 The father has a bamboo pole to put on his forehead, 00:41:00.126 --> 00:41:03.730 and the daughter has to climb up it. 00:41:06.263 --> 00:41:11.754 So the father, or the master, says, "My dear child, 00:41:13.054 --> 00:41:17.058 this act of us is the way we make our living. 00:41:17.710 --> 00:41:20.163 So it's very important. 00:41:20.948 --> 00:41:25.434 But our safety is also very important. 00:41:26.284 --> 00:41:31.208 So we have to be sure that the act will be successful. 00:41:31.557 --> 00:41:36.913 Then, people will give us some money, and we can buy some rice." 00:41:39.263 --> 00:41:47.371 Then the father, the master, said, "And this is the best way to do it. 00:41:48.405 --> 00:41:51.959 You have to be aware of me. 00:41:52.863 --> 00:42:00.302 So in that way, you can protect me. And I have to be aware of you. 00:42:01.567 --> 00:42:04.669 And in that way, I will protect you." 00:42:05.655 --> 00:42:08.224 And the daughter listened. 00:42:08.540 --> 00:42:13.880 Then she said, "Father, I don't agree. 00:42:15.278 --> 00:42:21.002 The best way is that I take care of myself, 00:42:22.688 --> 00:42:25.921 and you take care of yourself. 00:42:26.692 --> 00:42:33.716 If we do that, then we will take care of each other at the same time." 00:42:35.435 --> 00:42:43.993 Then they went to the Buddha and asked, "What is the best way to protect us?" 00:42:44.776 --> 00:42:48.097 And the Buddha said, "The daughter is right. 00:42:49.163 --> 00:42:52.067 If you take care of yourself, 00:42:52.251 --> 00:42:59.075 you will also be taking care of the other person." 00:43:04.913 --> 00:43:08.100 That is a question we are all asking. 00:43:09.253 --> 00:43:15.960 How can we be safe when we see the growth of the right wing? 00:43:17.111 --> 00:43:25.187 When we know about the war in Ukraine? 00:43:28.455 --> 00:43:30.857 We have the COVID. 00:43:31.308 --> 00:43:38.032 There are so many things that stop us from feeling safe. 00:43:39.700 --> 00:43:45.390 So the first thing we need to do is to come back to ourselves and realize 00:43:45.957 --> 00:43:48.776 that we don't feel safe. 00:43:51.413 --> 00:43:54.983 And our mother in us doesn't feel safe. 00:43:56.952 --> 00:44:00.188 So what are we going to do? 00:44:02.788 --> 00:44:08.796 How are we going to create a feeling of protection? 00:44:09.831 --> 00:44:13.550 Protect ourselves and protect others? 00:44:16.287 --> 00:44:18.574 We just sang a chant, 00:44:19.741 --> 00:44:22.694 the mindfulness trainings, 00:44:25.296 --> 00:44:29.216 the sangha is a precious jewel. 00:44:29.449 --> 00:44:36.474 The mindfulness trainings, concentration, and insight support each other. 00:44:40.462 --> 00:44:44.982 # The mindfulness trainings, # concentration, and insight 00:44:45.550 --> 00:44:49.971 # support each other. # 00:44:50.637 --> 00:44:59.497 In mindfulness day and night the Sangha dwells and is the foundation 00:45:00.148 --> 00:45:04.655 for us to realize the fruit of meditation. 00:45:07.406 --> 00:45:10.641 I don't know, when you come to Plum Village, 00:45:11.276 --> 00:45:16.064 do you feel that protection? 00:45:17.165 --> 00:45:26.324 Do you feel that island of safety, of peace, when you come to Plum Village? 00:45:26.856 --> 00:45:31.979 Because that is our aspiration. 00:45:32.980 --> 00:45:35.882 That is Thay's aspiration, 00:45:36.467 --> 00:45:43.488 that we have a safe place for people to come to. 00:45:48.945 --> 00:45:53.901 Many children, when they go to school, many teachers when they go to school, 00:45:54.401 --> 00:46:00.692 they don't feel safe in the school. There's a lot of violence. 00:46:05.111 --> 00:46:09.934 So we need safe places for our children to come to. 00:46:10.867 --> 00:46:16.507 And the family needs to be a safe place for the children to come home to. 00:46:18.509 --> 00:46:21.813 Maybe if we spend more time in school than we do at home, 00:46:22.028 --> 00:46:28.386 we will be in touch with violence more than we are in touch with safety. 00:46:31.373 --> 00:46:36.360 So we need a different kind of school, a different kind of education. 00:46:36.661 --> 00:46:38.880 Is that not so? 00:46:42.249 --> 00:46:49.607 What is it that helps Plum Village to be a safe place? 00:46:50.757 --> 00:46:55.359 The mindfulness trainings, concentration, and insight. 00:46:59.517 --> 00:47:05.688 Next Sunday you will have an opportunity, if you want, 00:47:06.690 --> 00:47:13.179 either to receive the 5 mindfulness trainings to bring them into your life, 00:47:13.697 --> 00:47:15.800 or to support others 00:47:16.017 --> 00:47:20.303 who are bringing the five mindfulness trainings into their life. 00:47:25.260 --> 00:47:28.608 The five mindfulness trainings are maybe 00:47:30.330 --> 00:47:35.455 the greatest protection that we can have for ourselves, 00:47:36.091 --> 00:47:40.061 our family, and our society. 00:47:43.647 --> 00:47:50.320 The way we take care of ourselves, and at the same time take care of others. 00:47:56.145 --> 00:48:00.145 I want to - Poetry. 00:48:01.500 --> 00:48:04.906 Poetry can help us in the practice. 00:48:06.890 --> 00:48:09.225 When you wake up in the morning, 00:48:11.646 --> 00:48:14.499 you need to put your feet on the ground, 00:48:17.252 --> 00:48:20.038 and put on your socks, or put on your slippers, 00:48:22.089 --> 00:48:24.943 and take your first steps of the day. 00:48:28.012 --> 00:48:35.269 Morning, midday, evening and night. 00:48:35.937 --> 00:48:40.122 All you little creatures, take care of yourself. 00:48:40.842 --> 00:48:47.115 If my footstep is not in the right place, and I step on you, 00:48:48.783 --> 00:48:54.974 may you be reborn in a place of safety and security. 00:48:55.873 --> 00:49:02.596 I really don't want to step on you, little ant, little caterpillar, 00:49:03.731 --> 00:49:07.202 little slug, or snail, 00:49:07.552 --> 00:49:12.089 but sometimes you're in my bath, and I don't see you. 00:49:12.290 --> 00:49:14.274 And I step on you. 00:49:14.509 --> 00:49:17.663 I don't want you to suffer too long. 00:49:17.830 --> 00:49:21.216 I want you to be born in a place of no suffering. 00:49:22.384 --> 00:49:26.338 So when we begin our day like that, 00:49:26.855 --> 00:49:30.792 we are keeping the - we are practicing according to 00:49:30.992 --> 00:49:33.878 the first mindfulness training. 00:49:34.095 --> 00:49:36.614 It's about protecting life. 00:49:37.248 --> 00:49:40.785 And we want to protect life as much as we can. 00:49:41.585 --> 00:49:44.172 And we can't do it perfectly, 00:49:45.023 --> 00:49:48.910 because we have another little poem when we eat. 00:49:55.750 --> 00:50:01.823 Eating in the dimension beyond space and time - 00:50:04.325 --> 00:50:10.398 Actually in the historical dimension we are eating our lunch. 00:50:12.851 --> 00:50:17.789 I chew in rhythm with my breath. 00:50:18.956 --> 00:50:26.495 How dreadful, uh? How dreadful that we eat each other, 00:50:27.982 --> 00:50:31.036 I vow to practice compassion, 00:50:31.636 --> 00:50:36.139 to take all beings to the other shore, 00:50:36.358 --> 00:50:39.661 to help all beings overcome their suffering. 00:50:40.979 --> 00:50:47.685 Because you cannot say, "I am 100% vegan". Can you? 00:50:48.635 --> 00:50:55.593 When you envisage the rice being grown in the field, 00:50:57.445 --> 00:51:01.149 when you envisage the gardener 00:51:03.434 --> 00:51:05.454 digging the earth, 00:51:05.670 --> 00:51:10.875 you know that little beings have contributed to the food that you eat. 00:51:11.210 --> 00:51:13.645 So you know that 00:51:14.595 --> 00:51:21.052 in order to stay alive something else has to die, 00:51:21.937 --> 00:51:24.974 like the little insects. 00:51:27.392 --> 00:51:31.178 Nevertheless, when you eat like that in mindfulness 00:51:31.364 --> 00:51:34.231 and you give rise to compassion, 00:51:34.766 --> 00:51:39.072 then that is a protection for the world. 00:51:39.952 --> 00:51:43.358 Because we know that if we cannot - 00:51:43.543 --> 00:51:49.013 We don't want to kill even the smallest insect, 00:51:49.914 --> 00:51:55.954 then there's no way we can kill something that is bigger than the smallest insect. 00:51:59.057 --> 00:52:02.793 And with the second mindfulness training 00:52:03.342 --> 00:52:08.032 we want to develop our, I think it's called true happiness. 00:52:08.615 --> 00:52:16.190 We want to develop our contentment, our happiness with what we have. 00:52:21.646 --> 00:52:24.315 Because we have fear, 00:52:24.800 --> 00:52:30.188 because we have the feeling of insecurity, 00:52:30.572 --> 00:52:35.943 then sometimes we feel, "Oh, things are getting dangerous!" 00:52:36.228 --> 00:52:44.247 So we will go and we will buy many tinned food and dry food, 00:52:44.694 --> 00:52:47.513 and we will stock it up. 00:52:47.713 --> 00:52:53.051 Then, when the dangerous time comes, at least we will have something to eat. 00:53:03.773 --> 00:53:07.595 But I don't think that is our greatest protection. 00:53:14.886 --> 00:53:17.739 When we become a monk or a nun, 00:53:18.222 --> 00:53:22.507 we receive a bowl, a begging bowl. 00:53:22.936 --> 00:53:28.571 Actually we don't go backing out on the street anymore in Plum Village. 00:53:28.790 --> 00:53:30.909 You very kindly 00:53:32.741 --> 00:53:40.002 help us by coming to our retreat and paying some money when you come. 00:53:42.736 --> 00:53:46.341 That is our alms round in Plum Village. 00:53:46.556 --> 00:53:51.396 But when we receive our alms bowl, 00:53:53.365 --> 00:54:02.305 we feel that if I practice correctly, I will not need to go hungry. 00:54:06.361 --> 00:54:10.498 So don't think about tomorrow, what shall we eat? 00:54:12.634 --> 00:54:21.259 Practice the mindfulness trainings of contentment with what we have today. 00:54:30.318 --> 00:54:34.222 There were times in the lifetime of the Buddha, 00:54:34.940 --> 00:54:40.111 when the monks and the Buddha did not have enough to eat. 00:54:43.981 --> 00:54:50.740 And one horse trainer 00:54:51.707 --> 00:55:02.368 who had enough food for his horses, and he had extra food for his horses. 00:55:03.219 --> 00:55:09.106 And that food was the bran of the rice, the outside part of the rice. 00:55:10.542 --> 00:55:16.164 And he gave it to the monks and to the Buddha to eat. 00:55:16.581 --> 00:55:22.437 And Ananda, the Buddha's attendant, used the mortar and a pestle, 00:55:22.738 --> 00:55:28.776 made it very fine so the Buddha could eat something. 00:55:29.060 --> 00:55:32.865 They lived like that for three months. 00:55:34.800 --> 00:55:38.989 At that time, they were in Vaisali. 00:55:40.121 --> 00:55:45.562 We have to stay in one place for three months as monks and nuns. 00:55:45.829 --> 00:55:48.783 So we couldn't say, "Let's go somewhere else 00:55:48.966 --> 00:55:51.702 where they don't have a shortage of food." 00:55:51.870 --> 00:55:56.171 They have to stay there, and eat the bran for three months 00:55:57.191 --> 00:56:02.229 to stay alive. And then after that we will go on tour. 00:56:02.746 --> 00:56:06.633 Maybe we will arrive in a place where there's more food. 00:56:16.178 --> 00:56:23.048 So in the second mindfulness training, we have to keep reminding ourselves, 00:56:24.017 --> 00:56:31.760 "I already have enough conditions to be happy. I have two feet, I can walk. 00:56:32.593 --> 00:56:38.148 I have two eyes that can see, two ears that can hear. 00:56:39.649 --> 00:56:43.885 I have the mindfulness trainings 00:56:44.088 --> 00:56:49.377 that will help me relate in my family, bring happiness to my family. 00:56:50.045 --> 00:56:54.597 I have a spiritual path. The most precious thing." 00:56:54.931 --> 00:56:58.166 The Dharma jewel is infinitely - 00:57:03.040 --> 00:57:06.861 It's infinitely lovely, it's infinitely beautiful. 00:57:22.709 --> 00:57:24.077 (Bell) 00:57:27.265 --> 00:57:33.237 (Bell) 00:57:53.425 --> 00:57:59.547 I do not want to consume too much. I do not want to take more than I need. 00:58:00.782 --> 00:58:03.200 That is because I know 00:58:03.484 --> 00:58:08.656 I have the conditions for happiness in the present moment. 00:58:10.340 --> 00:58:13.177 That is the second mindfulness training. 00:58:17.965 --> 00:58:22.553 And the third mindfulness training is also about protection. 00:58:25.305 --> 00:58:34.564 I want to protect families, couples, from being broken by sexual misconduct. 00:58:39.071 --> 00:58:45.275 It's about integrity, about responsibility. 00:58:48.529 --> 00:58:51.230 Because we are human beings, 00:58:51.631 --> 00:58:56.619 and we have something that is called human love. 00:58:58.688 --> 00:59:02.708 And human beings are also animals. 00:59:03.809 --> 00:59:11.218 We are really just another primate, we shouldn't be too proud of ourselves. 00:59:13.069 --> 00:59:17.440 But our particular species of primate 00:59:20.944 --> 00:59:24.281 is human and has human love. 00:59:30.103 --> 00:59:37.260 Now we see the birds are very happy, they're making their nests, 00:59:37.977 --> 00:59:40.311 having their family. 00:59:40.662 --> 00:59:44.935 And they feel a lot of joy and they sing with joy, 00:59:46.802 --> 00:59:50.523 and bring us much happiness when we hear them singing. 00:59:50.873 --> 00:59:54.027 But they also get a little bit silly. 00:59:54.511 --> 00:59:57.613 That is they are thinking about something, 00:59:57.780 --> 01:00:02.051 and they forget that this is a road with cars driving along. 01:00:02.802 --> 01:00:06.006 So we are careful when we drive in this season, 01:00:06.172 --> 01:00:14.463 because the birds are sometimes a bit too preoccupied with other things. 01:00:14.646 --> 01:00:19.986 They go across the road when it is not safe. 01:00:27.843 --> 01:00:30.764 So the bird have the bird's love, 01:00:31.698 --> 01:00:34.534 and the human have the human love. 01:00:36.202 --> 01:00:41.925 And the human love contains many things, 01:00:43.625 --> 01:00:50.200 like loving kindness, compassion, joy and equanimity. 01:00:54.016 --> 01:00:57.957 Human love is much more than sexual desire, 01:01:00.634 --> 01:01:04.119 but sexual desire is in all of us, 01:01:05.356 --> 01:01:09.610 because we are animal species. 01:01:12.731 --> 01:01:18.171 And we need to protect our society, our family, 01:01:19.087 --> 01:01:23.609 so that sexual desire can be handled in the right way. 01:01:25.062 --> 01:01:31.816 That is why we have the third mindfulness training, true love. 01:01:35.369 --> 01:01:37.840 Sex is not bad. 01:01:39.458 --> 01:01:42.010 Only when it does harm, 01:01:44.463 --> 01:01:49.349 when it breaks families, breaks couples, 01:01:51.520 --> 01:01:59.128 when it encroaches our children. That is very harmful. 01:02:00.746 --> 01:02:05.202 And our deep aspiration is to do everything we can 01:02:05.634 --> 01:02:09.922 to protect children, families, and couples. 01:02:17.728 --> 01:02:20.032 And our relationships, 01:02:20.433 --> 01:02:27.423 if we embark on a physical or a long-term relationship, 01:02:28.725 --> 01:02:31.193 it really needs support. 01:02:33.613 --> 01:02:40.769 Because a relationship is much more than a physical relationship. 01:02:41.969 --> 01:02:46.941 A long-term relationship. There's a spiritual relationship also. 01:02:47.927 --> 01:02:51.345 So we need to ask for support. 01:02:51.764 --> 01:02:57.970 "Dear sangha, please, support our relationship." 01:03:06.327 --> 01:03:13.001 Because a long-term relationship isn't easy, you go through ups and downs. 01:03:13.835 --> 01:03:18.191 If you know the sangha is there to support you when it goes down, 01:03:21.711 --> 01:03:26.832 then you feel that you can practice with it and bring it up again. 01:03:29.716 --> 01:03:36.225 The fourth mindfulness training is about loving speech and deep listening. 01:03:37.307 --> 01:03:40.912 Many people, when they receive the mindfulness trainings, 01:03:41.161 --> 01:03:46.583 they say, "Receiving the fourth mindfulness training is enough. 01:03:47.703 --> 01:03:54.159 It will take me a whole lifetime of practice to speak lovingly and listen deeply. 01:03:54.376 --> 01:03:57.413 So I'm going to concentrate completely on that." 01:03:57.554 --> 01:04:01.142 And that is wonderful, when we hear that we're very happy. 01:04:01.358 --> 01:04:06.130 To only receive one mindfulness training, it makes us very happy, 01:04:06.330 --> 01:04:11.718 because we know that when you practice that fourth mindfulness training, 01:04:11.919 --> 01:04:16.487 you will practice the other four at the same time. 01:04:21.560 --> 01:04:24.363 That is very beautiful, that training, 01:04:24.614 --> 01:04:27.935 because listening deeply 01:04:28.552 --> 01:04:34.105 to our partner, listening deeply to other members of our family, 01:04:35.626 --> 01:04:42.863 if we can do that then we can go to places like Neve Shalom 01:04:44.150 --> 01:04:53.594 and we can listen deeply to Palestinians, we can listen deeply to Israelis, 01:04:55.011 --> 01:04:58.532 so that they can talk about their suffering. 01:04:59.017 --> 01:05:05.137 It doesn't have to build up until it becomes violence. 01:05:06.440 --> 01:05:11.878 And so that we can listen to the suffering of the other side, 01:05:12.128 --> 01:05:16.432 the other side that we think is so cruel. 01:05:16.648 --> 01:05:21.488 The other side which we think will take away all our happiness. 01:05:22.455 --> 01:05:27.511 We listen and we realize that they suffer as much as we do. 01:05:28.313 --> 01:05:32.364 And then, all you want to do is hold their hand 01:05:32.782 --> 01:05:35.886 as you do walking meditation. 01:05:36.102 --> 01:05:39.588 This is what we have witnessed in Plum Village 01:05:40.022 --> 01:05:46.079 when Israelis, Palestinians have come and listened to each other. 01:05:46.596 --> 01:05:50.649 It's very difficult in the first week, 01:05:50.901 --> 01:05:55.905 but after that, we can come back to ourselves, 01:05:56.189 --> 01:05:59.559 find enough peace and calm in ourselves 01:05:59.743 --> 01:06:03.880 in order to be able to listen to the suffering of others. 01:06:04.430 --> 01:06:07.264 And when we've heard, we feel, 01:06:07.551 --> 01:06:12.590 "I can take your hand and walk with you in walking meditation." 01:06:20.465 --> 01:06:26.519 We all have in us a judge who likes to sit in judgment, 01:06:26.903 --> 01:06:31.241 and decide who is right and who is wrong. 01:06:31.474 --> 01:06:37.179 And usually the one who is right is me, and the one who is wrong is you. 01:06:39.367 --> 01:06:44.771 But we can go beyond that judge. 01:06:46.206 --> 01:06:54.782 We can help that judge to go back like a seed in our store consciousness. 01:06:55.430 --> 01:07:00.502 He doesn't need to sit on his seat of judgment anymore. 01:07:00.703 --> 01:07:03.790 She, I shouldn't say he, I'm sorry. 01:07:04.007 --> 01:07:08.929 They don't need to sit on their seat of judgment anymore. 01:07:13.781 --> 01:07:19.637 Then, you can listen to the suffering of the other person 01:07:19.939 --> 01:07:25.711 without judging, without reacting. But it's not always easy, 01:07:26.194 --> 01:07:32.602 because the other person will say things that you feel are really not true, 01:07:33.135 --> 01:07:36.236 that you feel are wrong perceptions. 01:07:36.938 --> 01:07:39.041 And you keep listening. 01:07:39.241 --> 01:07:41.595 We have a little poem. 01:07:44.280 --> 01:07:48.401 You are me, and I am you. 01:07:50.419 --> 01:07:53.907 Do you see that we inter-are? 01:07:54.119 --> 01:07:56.090 'Do you see' means, 01:07:56.609 --> 01:07:58.859 me, 'Do I see', 01:07:59.111 --> 01:08:02.197 do you see that we inter-are? 01:08:02.415 --> 01:08:05.668 And that person that you are listening to deeply, 01:08:08.187 --> 01:08:10.921 inter-is with you. 01:08:11.306 --> 01:08:13.893 And you remind yourself, 01:08:13.909 --> 01:08:18.280 when that person says something that you feel is not true, 01:08:19.698 --> 01:08:23.449 that we inter-are. You are me, and I am you. 01:08:23.735 --> 01:08:29.457 Then you can continue to listen and your eyes continue to be loving. 01:08:31.426 --> 01:08:37.264 Then, after you've listened deeply, you say, "Thank you for sharing. 01:08:38.199 --> 01:08:42.971 I'm going to reflect deeply on what you have said." 01:08:44.555 --> 01:08:49.443 That is enough for the other person to feel relief. 01:08:49.978 --> 01:08:53.348 Then, you go away and you reflect, 01:08:53.580 --> 01:08:57.785 and you ask, "Why did they say that? 01:08:57.970 --> 01:09:02.590 It's not true! But, why? 01:09:03.459 --> 01:09:08.197 Then you have to reflect, What do I do? 01:09:08.397 --> 01:09:15.036 What habit energies do I have that could make the person feel like that? 01:09:16.288 --> 01:09:18.556 And sometimes you see that, 01:09:18.790 --> 01:09:26.797 in the past, that person knew somebody like me, who looked like me, NOTE Paragraph 01:09:27.817 --> 01:09:32.203 and therefore that person who looked like me in the past 01:09:32.740 --> 01:09:38.528 hurt the person who is angry with me. 01:09:39.414 --> 01:09:43.786 And that hurt hasn't been resolved yet. 01:09:43.986 --> 01:09:49.589 So it continues to make them suffer 01:09:49.806 --> 01:09:54.796 and they think that I am the root of their suffering. 01:09:55.128 --> 01:09:59.667 But never mind, I have understood that for myself. 01:09:59.968 --> 01:10:02.287 That's already enough 01:10:02.885 --> 01:10:07.676 for me to be able to feel compassion for the other person. 01:10:07.894 --> 01:10:13.915 They suffered so much in the past, because of someone who looked like me. 01:10:14.132 --> 01:10:17.268 And now they think that I'm making them suffer. 01:10:17.484 --> 01:10:20.472 But I will practice. 01:10:21.189 --> 01:10:25.343 And they will see that I'm not the root of their suffering. 01:10:25.861 --> 01:10:30.093 This is something I have done. I am not making it up. 01:10:37.649 --> 01:10:40.625 The fifth mindfulness training is about - 01:10:48.700 --> 01:10:52.654 The fifth mindfulness training. 01:10:55.390 --> 01:11:02.280 It's about right consumption, about healing through consumption. 01:11:06.030 --> 01:11:11.551 In Buddhism we know that we consume just not food and drink, 01:11:12.452 --> 01:11:18.923 but we consume with our six, our five senses. 01:11:19.702 --> 01:11:22.856 Eyes, ears, nose, also consume. 01:11:23.506 --> 01:11:29.546 Now you are consuming some Dharma talk through your ears, and maybe your eyes. 01:11:31.511 --> 01:11:36.084 So we also consume through our mind and our consciousness. 01:11:37.035 --> 01:11:42.659 And from our consciousness we consume memories, 01:11:43.176 --> 01:11:46.179 things that have happened in the past. 01:11:47.547 --> 01:11:52.685 And very often we consume painful memories from the past. 01:11:53.537 --> 01:11:56.489 That is not a consumption from outside of us, 01:11:56.706 --> 01:12:00.494 that is a consumption from our own consciousness. NOTE Paragraph 01:12:02.428 --> 01:12:07.417 So we should be aware of consuming the past, 01:12:07.817 --> 01:12:12.272 consuming the future in form of worry. 01:12:17.343 --> 01:12:20.714 We have all gone through difficult times, 01:12:20.914 --> 01:12:25.550 we've all gone through suffering in the past. 01:12:26.452 --> 01:12:30.924 And we carry that suffering with us. 01:12:33.860 --> 01:12:37.581 And we don't want to keep consuming it, 01:12:37.798 --> 01:12:43.303 because every time we consume it, it gets a little bit stronger. 01:12:48.641 --> 01:12:52.344 So now I have the habit energy. 01:12:53.346 --> 01:12:57.717 When a painful memory from the past comes up, 01:12:58.669 --> 01:13:05.242 as soon as I recognize it is coming up I say, "That is the past." 01:13:08.012 --> 01:13:14.934 It's not repression, because I recognize that is the real past. 01:13:16.186 --> 01:13:19.339 But I don't want to be caught in it, 01:13:20.022 --> 01:13:26.028 I don't want it to make me suffer, 01:13:26.246 --> 01:13:29.765 so that then I go and make other people suffer. 01:13:30.282 --> 01:13:33.551 So I say to myself, "That is the past. 01:13:33.886 --> 01:13:36.924 Now, what is happening in the present?" 01:13:37.138 --> 01:13:39.609 And I bring myself back to 01:13:40.594 --> 01:13:48.350 what I'm touching, or what I'm with my ears or my eyes in the present moment. NOTE Paragraph 01:13:49.156 --> 01:13:56.678 Maybe the birds singing, maybe the book that I have in front of me. 01:13:57.259 --> 01:14:03.048 And I can put my hand on the book, and touch the book. 01:14:03.366 --> 01:14:10.672 And all the books I read have compassion and wisdom in them. 01:14:11.223 --> 01:14:13.709 So I feel in the present moment, 01:14:13.927 --> 01:14:18.296 I can touch something that has compassion and wisdom. 01:14:18.597 --> 01:14:24.321 And I don't need to drown in the past. 01:14:27.706 --> 01:14:31.845 But you don't have to use a book, you can use other things 01:14:32.078 --> 01:14:35.181 to be in touch with in the present moment. 01:14:51.031 --> 01:14:52.366 (Bell) 01:14:57.387 --> 01:15:03.309 (Bell) 01:15:46.319 --> 01:15:51.492 And of course, I want to consume food and drink 01:15:51.708 --> 01:15:55.025 in a way that protects Mother Earth. 01:15:56.012 --> 01:16:01.050 I was very happy when I read a report, I think, in The Lancet, 01:16:01.633 --> 01:16:04.538 this is a doctor magazine, 01:16:05.005 --> 01:16:11.795 that said, "The best diet for a human being is the best diet for Mother Earth". 01:16:12.679 --> 01:16:16.233 That is plant-based diet. 01:16:17.084 --> 01:16:22.004 So that is good, we take care of ourselves and Mother Earth at the same time. 01:16:22.518 --> 01:16:24.857 And our young friends, 01:16:26.358 --> 01:16:31.497 who will have to face climate change in a way 01:16:31.748 --> 01:16:37.887 that maybe this particular manifestation won't have to face it, 01:16:38.872 --> 01:16:41.542 are very happy when they hear that 01:16:41.757 --> 01:16:48.514 becoming vegan will do more to help than not driving your car. 01:16:48.765 --> 01:16:52.118 Although if you can do both, it is wonderful. 01:16:52.820 --> 01:16:56.106 So this fifth mindfulness training is all about 01:16:56.322 --> 01:17:03.746 how we can help Mother Earth by the way we consume. 01:17:17.793 --> 01:17:22.183 The five mindfulness trainings, when we receive them, 01:17:22.449 --> 01:17:25.868 we make another commitment at the same time, 01:17:26.285 --> 01:17:29.356 that we will have sangha friends, 01:17:29.656 --> 01:17:35.897 and we will come together with our sangha either online or in person, 01:17:36.395 --> 01:17:42.752 and we will discuss together, we will share about the mindfulness trainings. 01:17:42.984 --> 01:17:46.955 Because the mindfulness trainings are like a deep ocean. 01:17:47.189 --> 01:17:51.011 I like the ocean. One lifetime is not enough 01:17:51.277 --> 01:17:57.517 to complete our study and practice of them. 01:17:58.185 --> 01:18:03.872 So we need to come together, and share together and learn from each other 01:18:04.574 --> 01:18:09.411 in order for our practice of the mindfulness training to grow. 01:18:10.180 --> 01:18:12.699 It has to grow like a tree. 01:18:12.932 --> 01:18:16.936 A tree is always growing, and our practice grows like that. 01:18:36.105 --> 01:18:43.410 So we said that the five mindfulness trainings are the greatest of protection. 01:18:44.397 --> 01:18:49.803 Mindfulness trainings, concentration, and insight support each other. 01:18:51.621 --> 01:18:56.159 When we feel safe, when we feel protection. 01:18:56.376 --> 01:18:58.877 And that safety and that protection 01:18:59.112 --> 01:19:02.506 comes from our own actions of body, speech, and mind. 01:19:03.157 --> 01:19:06.459 But surround us. 01:19:07.358 --> 01:19:11.579 That action of body speech and mind it goes out into the world, 01:19:12.559 --> 01:19:17.315 but it also comes back again to the person who is practicing, 01:19:17.782 --> 01:19:20.884 and acts as a kind of protection. 01:19:23.355 --> 01:19:28.927 So the mindfulness trainings make concentration possible. 01:19:29.159 --> 01:19:33.582 We have to have a certain amount of safety, feeling of safety, 01:19:33.798 --> 01:19:37.869 to be able to develop our concentration. 01:19:38.103 --> 01:19:42.091 And out of concentration that comes insight. 01:19:42.307 --> 01:19:48.030 That is the understanding of what I should do and what I should not do. 01:19:48.546 --> 01:19:51.551 And the mindfulness trainings can help us in that. 01:19:51.783 --> 01:19:53.601 We can refer to them. 01:19:53.835 --> 01:19:59.257 In this situation, how should I act? How should I not act? 01:19:59.558 --> 01:20:04.612 And if I'm not sure, then I don't want to act. 01:20:07.164 --> 01:20:10.282 Because sometimes action coming from 01:20:11.486 --> 01:20:17.910 a place of lack of understanding, of wrong perception can do a lot of damage. 01:20:18.392 --> 01:20:21.646 And we regret it afterwards. 01:20:21.932 --> 01:20:26.168 So we need to use the mindfulness trainings, 01:20:26.469 --> 01:20:32.590 use our concentration and our insight in order to be able to act. 01:20:34.593 --> 01:20:39.764 Concentration means to come back home to yourself, 01:20:40.966 --> 01:20:45.236 body and mind united. 01:20:46.274 --> 01:20:50.859 I want to share a poem with you of Thay, 01:20:52.177 --> 01:20:55.497 but it's very difficult to translate. 01:20:56.148 --> 01:20:59.549 And I don't know if I've translated it - 01:21:00.451 --> 01:21:05.874 I hope that there is some correctness in my translation. 01:21:54.645 --> 01:22:09.191 [Lòng không bận về] 01:22:09.823 --> 01:22:12.388 That is the title of the poem. 01:22:13.373 --> 01:22:17.377 So my first difficulty is this word here. 01:22:19.162 --> 01:22:22.179 How to translate this word. 01:22:22.763 --> 01:22:25.536 I have a dictionary. 01:22:26.403 --> 01:22:31.958 When I open my dictionary it says, this word may mean 'mind', 01:22:32.292 --> 01:22:37.597 it means 'heart', it means 'feelings', it means 'soul'. NOTE Paragraph 01:22:38.213 --> 01:22:41.703 Those four things. That's what my dictionary said. 01:22:43.604 --> 01:22:47.124 I believe that this word originally meant, 01:22:49.474 --> 01:22:52.379 your entrails, your insides. 01:22:56.050 --> 01:23:01.255 In English sometimes, or American English, we talk about gut, gut feeling. 01:23:04.899 --> 01:23:08.854 So a little bit related to this word. 01:23:11.339 --> 01:23:19.315 Neuroscientists, in our own time, people concentrate, as far as I understand, 01:23:19.883 --> 01:23:23.920 very much on the neurons in our brain. 01:23:26.691 --> 01:23:31.279 But we have neurons in many other places than our brain. 01:23:32.729 --> 01:23:42.171 Our heart is 60% neurons, our intestines are even more, I believe. 01:23:43.401 --> 01:23:51.944 So to translate this word as 'mind' is not really correct, 01:23:52.775 --> 01:23:56.563 to translate it as 'heart' is not really correct, 01:23:57.614 --> 01:24:02.403 although 'heart' may be easier. 01:24:06.790 --> 01:24:11.961 Then my second difficulty was with this word here. 01:24:13.214 --> 01:24:16.616 This word means 'busy'. 01:24:18.702 --> 01:24:26.426 One time, Thay invented a new word, is 'busy-less-ness'. 01:24:27.812 --> 01:24:32.801 Not 'business-less-ness', but 'busy-less-ness'. 01:24:34.051 --> 01:24:39.455 Because our mind, 01:24:41.207 --> 01:24:44.862 our heart is sometimes very busy. 01:24:45.663 --> 01:24:51.101 And we don't have time, we don't have time for ourselves. 01:24:51.552 --> 01:24:55.289 We don't have time for each other. 01:24:57.141 --> 01:25:03.080 So we need the 'busylessness'. 01:25:05.099 --> 01:25:07.702 We all need that. 01:25:11.454 --> 01:25:20.831 And this word is 'I have come home', 'home', 'I'm at home', 'I've come home'. 01:25:22.582 --> 01:25:31.006 So the busy-less heart, or busy-less mind, 01:25:33.258 --> 01:25:35.279 comes home. 01:25:49.640 --> 01:25:57.431 'To sit here, and to listen to the sound of the birds, flying'. 01:26:00.735 --> 01:26:03.119 'The universe'. 01:26:05.722 --> 01:26:09.827 I thought of a good way to translate that. 01:26:11.946 --> 01:26:17.117 It's a little bit like, 'The universe is in a grain of sand', 01:26:17.986 --> 01:26:22.740 like William Blake, to see the universe in a grain of sand. 01:26:26.026 --> 01:26:31.684 'The golden crow hides in the west'. The golden crow is the sun. 01:26:32.632 --> 01:26:35.185 The sun is hidden in the west. 01:26:35.587 --> 01:26:40.291 'In the east, the jewel rabbit is over the top of the hill'. 01:26:40.824 --> 01:26:47.748 The jewel rabbit is the Moon. The Moon is like a jewel up in the sky. 01:26:48.115 --> 01:26:52.019 Many people think it looks like a rabbit is on the Moon. 01:26:56.087 --> 01:26:59.174 'No one in front, no one behind'. 01:27:00.961 --> 01:27:02.862 'Just myself'. 01:27:04.482 --> 01:27:10.855 'You almost hear Earth and Sky calling to each other'. 01:27:13.807 --> 01:27:20.264 'Coming out of the meditation, there is a long moment of stillness'. 01:27:22.082 --> 01:27:29.089 'The green leaves, the bamboo screen, the upper story filled with moonlight'. 01:27:30.923 --> 01:27:35.960 'The ancient river flows in harmony with the way of the world'. 01:27:36.947 --> 01:27:41.084 'The wind follows the eight directions'. 01:27:46.156 --> 01:27:54.865 'The busy-less mind-heart has come home'. 01:28:08.317 --> 01:28:13.272 Sitting meditation is an important part of our practice. 01:28:14.556 --> 01:28:19.761 It's a time when we can unite our body and our mind. 01:28:20.779 --> 01:28:31.725 And we can say that our breathing helps our body to be suffused with our mind, 01:28:33.842 --> 01:28:39.114 and helps our mind to be suffused with our body. 01:28:41.334 --> 01:28:43.936 The mindfulness breathing 01:28:45.204 --> 01:28:53.678 is the spirit, the bridge that unites body and mind. 01:28:54.663 --> 01:28:59.535 So this is the breathing, this is your body, this is your mind. 01:29:00.170 --> 01:29:03.156 And they all come together. 01:29:03.406 --> 01:29:05.724 So in your meditation, 01:29:07.959 --> 01:29:10.430 breathe in such a way 01:29:11.531 --> 01:29:15.067 that you feel united in yourself. 01:29:15.585 --> 01:29:19.336 You have to find, you find your own way of breathing. 01:29:21.607 --> 01:29:25.829 First of all, let your breathing do what it wants to do. 01:29:26.046 --> 01:29:28.814 Don't try and force it to do anything, 01:29:30.081 --> 01:29:38.506 but let it let you know that you're still alive, 01:29:39.008 --> 01:29:41.528 you can breathe, you are alive. 01:29:41.741 --> 01:29:46.715 And when you see the being alive and breathing, 01:29:48.218 --> 01:29:51.471 then your body and your mind come together. 01:29:57.939 --> 01:30:02.577 So when we practice meditation, 01:30:03.778 --> 01:30:06.897 we hear the bell letting us know 01:30:07.114 --> 01:30:11.285 that the time for meditation will be in 15 minutes. NOTE Paragraph 01:30:17.358 --> 01:30:21.645 If we haven't already started our sitting meditation, 01:30:22.764 --> 01:30:26.417 when we hear the sound of the bell telling us 01:30:26.616 --> 01:30:30.288 the sitting meditation will begin in 15 minutes, 01:30:31.472 --> 01:30:37.544 we don't say in 15 minutes. We say, the sitting meditation begins now. 01:30:39.445 --> 01:30:44.753 We put on our whatever we're going to wear during the sitting meditation, 01:30:45.652 --> 01:30:49.539 and we start to walk toward the meditation hall. 01:30:49.792 --> 01:30:53.077 And that is the meditation already. 01:30:54.545 --> 01:30:59.200 Maybe even before you put on what you're going to wear, 01:30:59.602 --> 01:31:03.687 you were meditating already. That is even better. 01:31:04.155 --> 01:31:08.123 Because before the meditation, and after the meditation, 01:31:09.560 --> 01:31:14.382 they are not really separate from, during the meditation. 01:31:16.784 --> 01:31:23.973 So when I put on my meditation gear, whatever it is, 01:31:24.659 --> 01:31:27.711 I put on my coat or whatever I put on, 01:31:28.245 --> 01:31:32.333 then I have a little poem also that I can read. 01:31:33.366 --> 01:31:35.753 And that poem is, 01:31:38.038 --> 01:31:43.909 'Putting on my clothes in the historical dimension, 01:31:45.746 --> 01:31:48.366 I adorn myself'. 01:31:48.617 --> 01:31:51.252 They may not be very beautiful clothes, 01:31:51.503 --> 01:31:55.106 they are just this kind of clothes. 01:31:56.873 --> 01:32:00.444 They don't have to be beautiful clothes to adorn myself. 01:32:00.725 --> 01:32:04.381 'I adorn myself and I adorn the world'. 01:32:04.897 --> 01:32:09.452 I want to be an adornment for the world. 01:32:11.689 --> 01:32:16.326 I think we all want to be that, an adornment of peace. 01:32:17.694 --> 01:32:21.932 And because I have received the mindfulness trainings, 01:32:22.133 --> 01:32:27.702 it's very easy for me to say, 'I adorn myself with the mindfulness trainings'. 01:32:28.089 --> 01:32:32.676 'And at the same time, I adorn the world with the mindfulness trainings'. 01:32:33.408 --> 01:32:37.547 Because everyone who received the mindfulness trainings 01:32:39.714 --> 01:32:43.785 will contribute to something to the collective consciousness, 01:32:44.018 --> 01:32:47.554 contribute some peace to collective consciousness. 01:32:47.889 --> 01:32:51.292 And you don't have to receive mindfulness trainings 01:32:51.543 --> 01:32:55.197 to contribute peace to the collective consciousness. 01:32:55.613 --> 01:32:58.667 You just need to practice them a little bit. 01:32:58.914 --> 01:33:03.272 You don't have to come out in front of the sangha if you don't feel like it. 01:33:04.070 --> 01:33:09.209 Only if you need the support of the sangha. We are happy to give it to you. 01:33:10.494 --> 01:33:15.650 So then, putting on, 'I adorn myself and I adorn the world'. 01:33:17.452 --> 01:33:23.641 'The Pure Land is in the palm of my hand'. 01:33:24.026 --> 01:33:27.746 This cloth I'm putting on is in the palm of my hand. 01:33:28.213 --> 01:33:33.918 But the clothing also belongs to the house of the Buddha, to the Pure Land. 01:33:35.193 --> 01:33:41.981 'The Pure Land is made possible by the mountains, by the rivers'. 01:33:42.681 --> 01:33:45.801 So at that point, you look out of the window, 01:33:46.003 --> 01:33:49.721 and you see the scenery around you. You see something 01:33:50.372 --> 01:33:54.728 that inspires you. If you're in the town, 01:33:55.227 --> 01:33:57.915 you see the bricks of the other houses, I don't know. 01:33:58.166 --> 01:34:01.452 You look up, and you see the cloud in the sky. 01:34:02.637 --> 01:34:06.989 So you recognize that the whole world is coming together 01:34:07.321 --> 01:34:10.591 to make this cloth possible. 01:34:11.107 --> 01:34:16.764 So you're already concentrating, you're already meditating. 01:34:17.464 --> 01:34:21.235 And then you come to the meditation hall 01:34:22.700 --> 01:34:25.339 with your mindful breathing. 01:34:25.555 --> 01:34:29.961 What is the point of running in forgetfulness to the meditation hall? 01:34:30.178 --> 01:34:33.681 To have an extra five minutes in the meditation hall? 01:34:33.915 --> 01:34:38.168 But then you lose the five minutes when you're running to get there. 01:34:38.452 --> 01:34:42.172 So you just do walking meditation to get there. 01:34:44.157 --> 01:34:50.163 Then, when you arrive, what you have to do, take off your shoes. 01:34:54.695 --> 01:34:57.364 So you pick up your shoes, 01:34:58.331 --> 01:35:00.213 and you say, 01:35:02.735 --> 01:35:07.841 'Leaving my shoes neatly, I vow that - 01:35:08.075 --> 01:35:14.764 All beings have two, well, there are other beings that have four, 01:35:15.714 --> 01:35:22.989 they have mindful feet coming in and going out in freedom. 01:35:23.638 --> 01:35:27.794 Coming in and going out in freedom has a very deep meaning, 01:35:28.060 --> 01:35:33.365 because coming in means being born, and going out means dying. 01:35:33.634 --> 01:35:40.073 You want to be able to live your life at all moments in freedom. 01:35:40.791 --> 01:35:46.696 You don't only want it for you, you want it for all beings. 01:35:47.714 --> 01:35:53.553 So having left your shoes like that, 01:35:54.169 --> 01:35:58.092 you have to go in the door of the meditation hall. 01:35:59.326 --> 01:36:06.349 'Entering the meditation hall, I see my true nature'. 01:36:08.219 --> 01:36:14.706 'Once I am sitting, all the disturbance will cease'. 01:36:15.373 --> 01:36:19.928 That is what you want. You make that deep aspiration, 01:36:20.411 --> 01:36:24.698 that this sitting meditation is really to come back to yourself, 01:36:24.949 --> 01:36:29.770 to be able to see your true nature. 01:36:31.339 --> 01:36:38.012 And your true nature is the nature of interbeing, your non-separate self. 01:36:45.753 --> 01:36:50.808 So on our way to the meditation hall, when we are concentrated, 01:36:51.058 --> 01:36:54.795 we are deeply in touch with everything that surround us. 01:36:54.996 --> 01:36:57.597 We hear the birds flying. 01:37:00.657 --> 01:37:05.627 And when we just sit down in the meditation hall, 01:37:06.228 --> 01:37:09.266 we do so very quietly. 01:37:09.474 --> 01:37:12.784 Maybe there are other people already sitting there. 01:37:13.019 --> 01:37:15.587 We don't want to disturb them. 01:37:16.104 --> 01:37:21.945 One time, Thay said, that when Thay was meditating in the Upper Hamlet, 01:37:22.561 --> 01:37:26.363 the brother who sat next to Thay came and sat down. 01:37:26.665 --> 01:37:33.556 Thay didn't hear him, but he sat down very mindfully and quietly. 01:37:34.923 --> 01:37:37.008 So we should try. 01:37:37.211 --> 01:37:40.178 It's not easy, to sit down nobody can hear you, 01:37:40.462 --> 01:37:47.718 but we do our best because we want not to disturb the person we're sitting next to. 01:37:48.037 --> 01:37:55.010 The same if we start to get a numb feet in the middle of the meditation. 01:37:55.392 --> 01:37:57.530 We have to change our position, 01:37:57.747 --> 01:38:02.167 it's very bad to sit when the blood can't flow, it's not good for you. 01:38:02.575 --> 01:38:07.630 So you need to change, but very quietly so nobody is disturbed, 01:38:07.847 --> 01:38:11.316 very mindfully, nobody is disturbed. 01:38:14.197 --> 01:38:17.697 This is the meditation taking place 01:38:17.898 --> 01:38:24.107 at the time when the sun is just sitting, and the moon is just rising. 01:38:25.108 --> 01:38:27.644 It's a good time to meditate, 01:38:29.211 --> 01:38:32.682 because at that time the universe is a little bit still. 01:38:32.899 --> 01:38:36.334 There's a certain stillness at that time of day. 01:38:36.622 --> 01:38:40.840 But another good time to meditate, maybe even better, 01:38:41.358 --> 01:38:48.683 is when the morning star is rising and setting, 01:38:49.015 --> 01:38:51.167 because at that time, 01:38:53.870 --> 01:38:55.955 our mind is very clear. 01:38:57.824 --> 01:39:00.960 If we've slept well, I hope you sleep well. 01:39:04.430 --> 01:39:07.765 So there is no one. We are alone. 01:39:08.434 --> 01:39:12.104 No one in front, no one behind. 01:39:13.238 --> 01:39:17.661 In Buddhism, we learn about the better way to be alone. 01:39:18.761 --> 01:39:22.365 And the better way to be alone doesn't mean you're up in a cave 01:39:22.616 --> 01:39:24.900 where there's no one else living. 01:39:27.120 --> 01:39:31.608 The better way to be alone means to have come back to yourself, 01:39:31.942 --> 01:39:36.279 and not to be thinking about what other people are doing. 01:39:37.765 --> 01:39:44.253 Just to be there for yourself, in yourself is the way to be alone. 01:39:44.487 --> 01:39:48.925 If you're thinking about the person in front of you, the person behind you, 01:39:49.458 --> 01:39:53.179 you are not alone. 01:39:55.064 --> 01:39:58.618 And if you're up in a cave, and thinking about this and that, 01:39:58.834 --> 01:40:01.088 you're also not alone. 01:40:04.041 --> 01:40:09.262 We forgot about the trichiliocosm. 01:40:09.590 --> 01:40:11.841 The universe. 01:40:12.226 --> 01:40:14.095 'The universe 01:40:17.934 --> 01:40:22.173 does not fill even an inch' is what it says literally. 01:40:25.192 --> 01:40:29.262 This has something to do with the meditation that is called 01:40:30.649 --> 01:40:35.055 the limitless space meditation. 01:40:35.304 --> 01:40:38.506 It is a meditation that the Buddha did 01:40:39.741 --> 01:40:41.943 before the Buddha became Buddha. 01:40:43.261 --> 01:40:48.834 And after the Buddha became Buddha, continued it in a different way. 01:40:54.737 --> 01:40:59.694 When you meditate on space being limitless, 01:41:00.411 --> 01:41:02.664 or when we sing the song, 01:41:04.399 --> 01:41:07.685 'Breathing in, breathing out, I am blooming, 01:41:07.969 --> 01:41:14.309 I am a mountain, I am a flower, I am water reflecting, and I am space'. 01:41:14.944 --> 01:41:22.267 So we have that space meditation in our song, I am space, I am free. 01:41:24.024 --> 01:41:28.677 Because when we meditate on space, 01:41:28.894 --> 01:41:33.464 our consciousness also becomes limitless like the space. 01:41:34.317 --> 01:41:36.802 But then we have to recognize 01:41:38.188 --> 01:41:45.393 that space is a construct of our mind. 01:41:46.613 --> 01:41:50.497 Then we can say, like William Blake, 01:41:51.499 --> 01:41:56.123 to be able to see the universe in a grain of sand. 01:41:57.135 --> 01:42:06.262 Or like Walt Whitman, I think, who said, 'I am large, I contain multitudes'. 01:42:15.879 --> 01:42:22.168 It's as if you can hear the earth, the heaven and the earth, 01:42:22.846 --> 01:42:25.666 they are talking to each other. 01:42:25.866 --> 01:42:30.304 Because normally we think the earth is down here and the heaven is up there, 01:42:30.503 --> 01:42:33.074 they are two separate realities. 01:42:33.322 --> 01:42:35.994 But in fact, they inter-are. 01:42:36.377 --> 01:42:41.081 The heavens make the earth possible, and the earth makes the heavens possible. 01:42:41.280 --> 01:42:48.706 You don't need to go up in a spaceship in order to be able to see that. 01:42:53.624 --> 01:42:58.682 When we come out of the meditation, when we come out of the concentration, 01:43:00.133 --> 01:43:04.806 there should be that stillness. Don't lose it straight away. 01:43:05.205 --> 01:43:10.510 When you hear the sound of the bell to let you know that the meditation is over, 01:43:10.995 --> 01:43:13.731 don't start thinking, 'What am I going to do next?' 01:43:13.946 --> 01:43:16.882 Enjoy the stillness that you have, 01:43:17.617 --> 01:43:21.753 that you have been enjoying during the meditation. 01:43:22.057 --> 01:43:25.441 And massage yourself gently not too fierce, 01:43:25.658 --> 01:43:29.548 because you may lose the stillness. 01:43:30.246 --> 01:43:36.237 Then, you open your eyes, and your eyes are in contact with the things around you, 01:43:37.796 --> 01:43:44.356 the green leaves, the bamboo screen, the upper story filled with moonlight. 01:43:45.260 --> 01:43:50.233 Then what is the insight that you had from your meditation? 01:43:51.099 --> 01:43:54.168 That is the next thing that you might like to - 01:43:54.617 --> 01:43:59.241 There was insight during that meditation, during the calm and the concentration. 01:43:59.441 --> 01:44:00.959 What was it? 01:44:01.144 --> 01:44:02.725 And the insight here is, 01:44:02.925 --> 01:44:06.965 'The ancient river flows in harmony with the way of the world'. 01:44:07.196 --> 01:44:10.787 The way of the world is the world of dust. 01:44:11.671 --> 01:44:16.292 It is the saha world, 01:44:17.142 --> 01:44:22.730 the world of change, the world where there is suffering and happiness. NOTE Paragraph 01:44:23.466 --> 01:44:28.219 But there is an ancient river which is in harmony with that world. 01:44:28.504 --> 01:44:32.609 And that ancient river is the river of spirituality. 01:44:35.677 --> 01:44:39.963 We all need that river of spirituality in our life. 01:44:40.247 --> 01:44:44.236 We are very lucky that we have blood ancestors, 01:44:45.070 --> 01:44:48.724 but we also have spiritual ancestors 01:44:48.990 --> 01:44:53.579 who have handed down to us the way of practice. 01:44:53.811 --> 01:45:01.887 And that river of a spiritual practice, it is without beginning and without end. 01:45:02.836 --> 01:45:05.904 And it helps us to live in the world. 01:45:06.339 --> 01:45:10.093 But if we don't live in the world with all this dust, 01:45:10.510 --> 01:45:15.048 then we won't look for a spiritual practice. 01:45:15.850 --> 01:45:19.368 So the world with its dust needs the spiritual practice, 01:45:19.831 --> 01:45:24.503 and the spiritual practice needs the world with its dust. 01:45:27.638 --> 01:45:32.427 'The wind follows the eight directions', but 01:45:38.217 --> 01:45:47.608 the heart that is without any more busy, busy-less, no more business, 01:45:50.913 --> 01:45:52.897 is at home. 01:45:57.052 --> 01:46:01.590 When I read, 'The wind follows the eight directions', 01:46:01.857 --> 01:46:08.747 immediately came up in my mind, the wind blows where it wishes. 01:46:10.314 --> 01:46:12.497 You can hear it. 01:46:13.034 --> 01:46:16.704 You don't know where it comes from, and where it goes to. 01:46:17.651 --> 01:46:23.791 So the wind has that nature of no coming and no going. 01:46:26.806 --> 01:46:30.025 We talk about coming in and going out, 01:46:30.794 --> 01:46:33.129 and being born and dying. 01:46:33.680 --> 01:46:38.216 But the winter isn't born and doesn't die. 01:46:38.467 --> 01:46:41.601 When the causes and conditions are right, the wind - 01:46:42.288 --> 01:46:45.275 you feel the wind, you hear the wind. 01:46:45.524 --> 01:46:50.895 And when the causes and conditions are not right, you don't hear the wind anymore. 01:46:54.965 --> 01:46:59.540 So our mind is free. Free from thought. 01:47:00.105 --> 01:47:03.943 Our heart is free from worries. 01:47:09.114 --> 01:47:12.818 They're not busy with thinking, busy with worrying. 01:47:13.351 --> 01:47:17.706 So we are at home. And our mother is at home, 01:47:19.910 --> 01:47:26.682 our father is at home, our ancestors are all at home in us. 01:47:34.524 --> 01:47:39.128 I would like to ask the sister 01:47:40.812 --> 01:47:43.715 to come and help. 01:47:45.435 --> 01:47:48.186 Are you here, sister? 01:48:00.822 --> 01:48:05.678 The sister will sing this song for us in Vietnamese. 01:48:05.994 --> 01:48:08.129 So please, when you listen, 01:48:10.264 --> 01:48:16.989 help your heart, your mind, to be with - No business! 01:48:20.124 --> 01:48:22.826 No worry about the future. 01:48:28.650 --> 01:48:31.453 No thought about the past. 01:48:35.524 --> 01:48:42.381 You can see Thay meditating in complete freedom. 01:48:42.732 --> 01:48:45.933 And you can feel that freedom in yourself. 01:48:50.690 --> 01:48:53.626 This is a happy moment. 01:49:11.418 --> 01:49:20.561 # Ngồi đây lắng tiếng chim bay 01:49:22.913 --> 01:49:34.943 # ba ngàn thế giới không đầy tấc gang 01:49:37.745 --> 01:49:44.736 # phương Tây vừa khuất quạ vầng 01:49:45.986 --> 01:49:54.395 # phương Đông thỏ ngọc đã ngang đỉnh đồi 01:49:55.714 --> 01:50:03.053 # trước sau có một mình tôi 01:50:06.290 --> 01:50:15.467 # nghe như có tiếng đất trời gọi nhau. 01:50:18.086 --> 01:50:25.793 # Xuất thiền lặng lẽ giây lâu 01:50:26.710 --> 01:50:36.189 # lá xanh rèm liếp bên lầu sáng trăng 01:50:38.140 --> 01:50:45.330 # sông xưa thuận nẻo dương trần 01:50:46.849 --> 01:50:56.691 # gió theo tám hướng, lòng không bận về. 01:51:00.793 --> 01:51:07.401 # ngồi đây lắng tiếng chim bay 01:51:07.702 --> 01:51:15.859 # ba ngàn thế giới không đầy tấc gang 01:51:17.577 --> 01:51:23.051 # phương Tây vừa khuất quạ vầng 01:51:23.352 --> 01:51:30.992 # phương Đông thỏ ngọc đã ngang đỉnh đồi 01:51:32.577 --> 01:51:37.983 # trước sau có một mình tôi 01:51:38.234 --> 01:51:45.755 # nghe như có tiếng đất trời gọi nhau. 01:51:47.558 --> 01:51:53.148 # Xuất thiền lặng lẽ giây lâu 01:51:53.430 --> 01:52:01.155 # lá xanh rèm liếp bên lầu sáng trăng 01:52:02.856 --> 01:52:08.463 # sông xưa thuận nẻo dương trần 01:52:09.031 --> 01:52:16.687 # gió theo tám hướng, lòng không bận về. 01:52:18.706 --> 01:52:24.379 # Xuất thiền lặng lẽ giây lâu 01:52:24.762 --> 01:52:32.454 # lá xanh rèm liếp bên lầu sáng trăng 01:52:34.222 --> 01:52:39.909 # sông xưa thuận nẻo dương trần 01:52:40.361 --> 01:52:50.672 # gió theo tám hướng, lòng không bận về. # 01:53:03.202 --> 01:53:05.019 Dear sangha, 01:53:06.405 --> 01:53:11.742 in conclusion, one thing that your blood ancestors, 01:53:12.310 --> 01:53:17.183 your blood ancestors, your mother, and your father, 01:53:18.368 --> 01:53:24.824 they had that river of spirituality. 01:53:26.074 --> 01:53:30.196 But maybe they were not able to bathe deeply in it. 01:53:30.863 --> 01:53:33.949 It doesn't mean to say, they didn't have it. 01:53:35.248 --> 01:53:40.723 You can bathe in that river of spirituality. 01:53:42.686 --> 01:53:46.757 You have the right causes and conditions to do that. 01:53:47.141 --> 01:53:50.261 So don't miss the opportunity. 01:53:50.777 --> 01:53:54.148 And when you bathe in that river, 01:53:54.365 --> 01:53:57.184 your ancestors, your mother and your father 01:53:57.634 --> 01:54:02.007 have a chance to bathe in that river with you. 01:54:04.292 --> 01:54:06.075 Thank you. 01:54:11.808 --> 01:54:13.176 (Bell) 01:54:16.577 --> 01:54:22.134 (Bell) 01:54:53.867 --> 01:55:00.006 (Bell) 01:55:34.723 --> 01:55:40.914 (Bell) 01:56:12.760 --> 01:56:14.510 (Bell) 01:56:18.255 --> 01:56:20.707 (Bell) 01:56:30.233 --> 01:56:32.285 (Bell) 01:56:37.712 --> 01:56:39.746 (Bell)