[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.85,0:00:17.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why read?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.17,0:00:18.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live in a digital world.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.88,0:00:23.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We live in a world of screens,\Nof iPhones, of ephemera.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.80,0:00:27.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why sit there with the physical book?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:27.85,0:00:30.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This famous picture of Rembrandt's mother
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.93,0:00:37.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows us how the act of reading\Nin so many ways is an act of absorption.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:37.23,0:00:41.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The notion of reading is not\Njust the absorption of information;
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.58,0:00:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is a physical process.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.58,0:00:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I would like to share with you\Nthis afternoon are the ways -
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.94,0:00:50.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they told me there would be\N150 people here.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.82,0:00:52.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where is everybody?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.74,0:00:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This notion of reading as absorption\Nis the magic of reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.68,0:01:00.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The book is a physical object,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.78,0:01:04.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and learning how to read as a child
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.57,0:01:08.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shapes the physical, visual\Nand cognitive imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.87,0:01:14.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Before this talk, I prepared\Nby googling "guy reading."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.45,0:01:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is what I got.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.12,0:01:19.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I got a picture\Nof a guy bending over a book.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.74,0:01:24.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To bend over a book\Nis to be absorbed in the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.57,0:01:27.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see the physicality of the hand.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:27.47,0:01:33.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see that Rodin-like, Thinker-esque\Nmove of the hand on the chin.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.34,0:01:38.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see the visor\Nover the eyes, shielding the sun.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.24,0:01:42.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading a traditional book\Nis an act of absorption.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.58,0:01:46.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading on a screen\Nis an act of spectatorship;
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.97,0:01:48.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it is theatrical.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.52,0:01:51.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a picture from the late 1980s,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.24,0:01:55.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I vividly remember\Nwhen the screens first arrived,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:55.40,0:01:58.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how we did not look down,\Nbut we looked out.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.35,0:02:01.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We did not put our hands on our chins,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.00,0:02:03.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but we pointed our fingers at the screens.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.70,0:02:05.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you can see here,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.13,0:02:08.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as the man leans over the woman,\Npointing at the screen,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.77,0:02:12.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can see here\Nhow the very act of reading
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.33,0:02:17.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,changes your physical\Nrelationship to the text -
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.40,0:02:21.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from one of privacy,\Nabsorption and involvement
Dialogue: 0,0:02:21.91,0:02:26.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to one of spectatorship,\Nof theatricality, of publicness.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.85,0:02:32.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's very hard to read\Nprivately with a screen.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.71,0:02:36.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Therefore, in the early 21st century,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:36.80,0:02:40.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the e-book emerged, I believe,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.28,0:02:44.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a way of recovering, digitally,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.40,0:02:48.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the experience of reading privately.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.18,0:02:50.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The e-book is not a real book.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:50.85,0:02:54.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The e-book is a simulacrum of a book.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.98,0:02:59.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They replace paper\Nwith something electronic.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.66,0:03:06.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,E-books are to real books\Nas e-cigarettes are to real cigarettes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.61,0:03:08.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Did you like that one?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.45,0:03:09.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You think that's very funny?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:09.79,0:03:12.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Next time I do this,\NI'm going to travel with you
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.08,0:03:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so you can sit in the front\Nand laugh loudly with people.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.83,0:03:16.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.39,0:03:19.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you are grown-ups\Nin this audience?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.16,0:03:22.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I spend all my life\Ntalking about digital culture.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.72,0:03:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, at my age,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.74,0:03:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the only word that should follow\Ndigital is "examination."
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.89,0:03:27.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.97,0:03:30.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what -\Nthat's a joke for the adults.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.16,0:03:33.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you smoke e-cigarettes?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.46,0:03:36.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you smoke real cigarettes?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:37.10,0:03:40.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many of you couldn't give\Na fl- about what I'm talking about?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.06,0:03:42.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,E-cigarettes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.61,0:03:44.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are like e-books.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.56,0:03:48.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are the technological\Nand mechanical instruments
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.70,0:03:50.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for delivering pleasure
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.65,0:03:53.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that used to be delivered through paper.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.80,0:03:57.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are a simulacrum of the experience.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.94,0:04:00.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And I believe very strongly,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.77,0:04:05.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether you read on a tablet\Nor whether you read on a screen,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:05.72,0:04:08.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you need to return to the physical book.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.64,0:04:10.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you need to recognize
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.84,0:04:14.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that for as long as literacy\Nhas been around,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.38,0:04:17.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the physical book, the illustrated book
Dialogue: 0,0:04:17.29,0:04:22.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,has been central to the formation\Nof the child, the human being.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.21,0:04:26.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a papyrus manuscript\Nfrom the 3rd century.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:26.20,0:04:29.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It represents the Labors of Hercules.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.07,0:04:34.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the earliest illustrated\Nchildren's book that survives.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.76,0:04:38.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Why were the Labors of Hercules\Nchildren's book reading?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:38.97,0:04:44.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because in school,\Nevery child felt Herculean:
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.86,0:04:46.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How am I going to pass that test?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.93,0:04:49.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like conquering the Nemean lion."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:49.17,0:04:52.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How am I going to fulfill the assignment?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:52.11,0:04:55.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like sweeping out\Nthe Augean stables."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.29,0:04:59.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"How am I going to show up\Nfor a class at 9:30 in the morning?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:59.28,0:05:02.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like slicing off\Nthe heads of the Hydra."
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.82,0:05:06.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The image of Hercules fighting the lion
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.92,0:05:13.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,becomes the emblem of reading\Nand learning as an act of heroic labor.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.58,0:05:16.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is also an act of devotion.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:16.48,0:05:21.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This beautifully illuminated manuscript\Nfrom the Anglo-Saxon period
Dialogue: 0,0:05:21.10,0:05:25.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows us how in the study of the Psalms,\Nthe study of the Bible,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.76,0:05:30.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the purpose of the book\Nwas to attract the child's attention.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.14,0:05:34.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,King Alfred the Great, who was king\Nof the Anglo-Saxons in the 890s,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:34.79,0:05:37.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wrote about how his own mother
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.66,0:05:42.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,showed him a beautifully\Nillustrated book, as a child.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.33,0:05:43.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the word he uses -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.60,0:05:47.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now remember, this is old stuff\Nso he's talking and writing in Latin -
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.53,0:05:51.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,he says it's "pulchritude," female beauty.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.33,0:05:57.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is electus; he is seduced\Nand drawn in by the pulchritude,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.08,0:05:58.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the beauty of the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.76,0:06:02.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Is reading a form of seduction?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.67,0:06:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading is certainly\Na form of seduction here
Dialogue: 0,0:06:06.06,0:06:09.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in this manuscript of Terence's plays,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:09.00,0:06:12.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,prepared for a schoolroom in a monastery,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.48,0:06:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where the children would see\Nthe representation of the actors,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:16.92,0:06:19.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would see the visual ways
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.76,0:06:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in which the story that they were reading\Nis presented to their mind's eye.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.45,0:06:27.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When print came into Europe,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.72,0:06:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one of the first things\Nthat was printed was Aesop's Fables,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.14,0:06:36.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,those childish stories of talking animals,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.05,0:06:41.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of rabbits and hares,\Nof foxes and wolves and goats,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:41.56,0:06:44.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all of whom took on a moral quality.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:44.81,0:06:47.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There you see the figure of Aesopus.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.33,0:06:49.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There you see the animals.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.27,0:06:50.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are you seduced?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.79,0:06:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are you attracted?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.24,0:06:55.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Are you excited by the visual\Nimage of the book?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:55.52,0:06:59.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was a child,\Nthe books that I fell in love with
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.65,0:07:01.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,were the illustrated children's books
Dialogue: 0,0:07:01.88,0:07:04.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by the writer and painter\NRobert McCloskey:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.61,0:07:05.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"One Morning in Maine,"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.91,0:07:07.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Blueberries for Sal,"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.33,0:07:09.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Make Way for Ducklings,"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.18,0:07:11.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and "Time of Wonder."
Dialogue: 0,0:07:11.35,0:07:15.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are books\Nthat Illustrated to the child
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.53,0:07:21.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the possibility not just of an imaginary\Nbut of an aesthetic life.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.10,0:07:23.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Life was beautiful.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:23.24,0:07:24.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The job of reading
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.92,0:07:28.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,was to experience the beauty of the world
Dialogue: 0,0:07:28.06,0:07:32.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as represented by the artist\Nand the illustrator.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:32.98,0:07:35.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Time of Wonder" is a story.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:35.32,0:07:41.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a book that was published in 1957,\Nwhen I was two years old.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.19,0:07:46.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we began reading it in my family\Nthroughout the '50s and the '60s.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.38,0:07:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were fascinated by the idea
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.76,0:07:54.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that here was a family\Nliving on the coast of the state of Maine.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.95,0:07:57.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I was a child in Brooklyn.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.64,0:08:00.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Maine was another country for me.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.32,0:08:01.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It was exotic.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.67,0:08:04.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The very idea that there was a coastline,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.51,0:08:09.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the very idea that one could see\Npoetry and passion,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.46,0:08:11.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,magic and miracle
Dialogue: 0,0:08:11.88,0:08:16.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a coming storm over the sea.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.04,0:08:20.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This beautiful illustration\Nand the poetic text that accompanies it
Dialogue: 0,0:08:20.66,0:08:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,shows us how,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.14,0:08:25.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,hoping for a chance\Nto drop out of the channel,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.22,0:08:30.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fishing boat wallows in the waves,\Nseeking the shelter.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:30.03,0:08:32.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can hear in the alliteration,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.13,0:08:34.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you can hear in the rhythm there,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:34.33,0:08:38.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the poetry of the water\Nlapping on the shore.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.96,0:08:43.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in the course of this book,\Nthere is a storm that comes up.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.50,0:08:46.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The storm comes through.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.88,0:08:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It blows through the parlor.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.01,0:08:52.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It wrecks the living room.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.28,0:08:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Parcheesi game board\Nskittles across the floor.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.06,0:08:58.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The books are gone.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.68,0:09:00.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The mother reaches for the children.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.73,0:09:02.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The lamp has disappeared.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.60,0:09:07.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It is as if a trauma\Nhas come through the house.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.49,0:09:09.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And when the storm is over,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:09.64,0:09:11.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,all is calm.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.25,0:09:12.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at this picture.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:12.53,0:09:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now the mother and the children\Nsing their own psalms of joy,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.01,0:09:24.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the books once again placed\Nperfectly open and closed on the table.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.16,0:09:25.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Dad.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.46,0:09:27.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Remember, this is the 1950s.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:27.92,0:09:31.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the 1950s, Dad can do anything.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:31.98,0:09:33.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I grew up in the '50s.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.53,0:09:36.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I became a dad in the 1990s,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:36.12,0:09:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I discovered that dads can do nothing.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:39.34,0:09:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the '50s, dads did everything.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:42.17,0:09:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you will see in this picture
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.04,0:09:46.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how the dad takes a dishcloth
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.91,0:09:52.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and covers over one of the last\Nof the broken panes of glass -
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.92,0:09:56.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a window now broken up in frames
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.76,0:10:03.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that looks all the world\Nlike a set of splayed-open books.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:03.25,0:10:06.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Each pane, each window,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:06.24,0:10:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,looking like the side of a book
Dialogue: 0,0:10:08.33,0:10:13.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and matching - if you like,\Neven rhyming visually -
Dialogue: 0,0:10:13.33,0:10:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the open book on the table.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.69,0:10:20.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When I was a child in the 1950s,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.34,0:10:23.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world of the imagination\Nwas the world of books.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:23.79,0:10:27.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But we did not have\Nthe thunderstorms of Maine.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.13,0:10:30.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We did not have the psalters\Nof the imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.26,0:10:33.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We had the fears of nuclear attack.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.29,0:10:37.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at the difference\Nbetween this picture of the family
Dialogue: 0,0:10:37.64,0:10:39.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and this picture of the family.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:39.86,0:10:42.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This, too, from the 1950s:
Dialogue: 0,0:10:42.64,0:10:44.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the fallout shelter,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:44.04,0:10:48.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the mother and the father \Nand the child sitting around a text,
Dialogue: 0,0:10:48.51,0:10:52.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,now not of the imagination,\Nbut an instructional manual.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.76,0:10:55.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the only words you see in this picture
Dialogue: 0,0:10:55.46,0:11:00.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are the words, "canned food."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.31,0:11:03.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As if in this apocalyptic moment,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.60,0:11:07.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we would have no words\Nleft for the imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.16,0:11:10.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so when I grew up,\Nand when I became a parent,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.81,0:11:16.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I wanted to give my own son\Nthis sense of magic that I experienced,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:16.84,0:11:21.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the idea that a book\Ncould take us to another world,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.58,0:11:24.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that reading was a form of magic.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:24.73,0:11:27.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And fortunately for me,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:27.30,0:11:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and probably fortunately for many of you,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:30.00,0:11:32.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harry Potter came along.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:32.53,0:11:36.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of you think that Harry Potter\Nis a set of stories
Dialogue: 0,0:11:36.20,0:11:41.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about magic and wizardry\Nand sorcery and the imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.71,0:11:46.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I want to argue that Harry Potter\Nis a book about reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.94,0:11:49.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Magic in Harry Potter
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.00,0:11:54.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is nothing more than\Na heightened form of literacy.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.23,0:12:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Reading in Harry Potter is the true magic.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:00.11,0:12:03.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The potions, the spells,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:03.24,0:12:08.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the true adventures\Nin the world of Harry Potter go on,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.37,0:12:12.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,not on the Quidditch pitch,\Nnot in the forest,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.39,0:12:14.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but in the library.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:14.29,0:12:17.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And Hermione and Ron and Harry,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.11,0:12:20.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as you can see in one\Nof these screenshots
Dialogue: 0,0:12:20.43,0:12:22.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from one of the films,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.07,0:12:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,live out their lives\Nin the magic and mystery of the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:26.77,0:12:30.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, in "Harry Potter\Nand the Half-Blood Prince,"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:30.50,0:12:35.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harry comes upon\Nan old, used book of potions.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.70,0:12:40.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And written in the margins\Nare corrections to the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.91,0:12:45.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tells Harry how to crush\Nthe Sopophorous bean
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.58,0:12:48.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the back of a knife,\Nreleasing the juice.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:48.65,0:12:53.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It tells Harry how to complete\Nhis assignments effectively.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.74,0:12:57.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the marginalia\Nto the "Book of Potions,"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.74,0:13:00.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harry finds the true magic of reading.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.69,0:13:04.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What he does not yet know -\Nand what we will soon find out -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.47,0:13:09.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the Half-Blood Prince,\Nof course, is Snape himself.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:09.01,0:13:11.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Harry brings the book into the library,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:11.45,0:13:13.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the librarian is terrified
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.84,0:13:17.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Harry has despoiled\Nor desecrated the book.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.76,0:13:20.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Have any of you had an encounter\Nwith a librarian?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.34,0:13:25.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Librarians are all about\Nkeeping things clean
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.19,0:13:26.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and keeping things in order.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:26.95,0:13:31.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Libraries are sites\Nof regulation, not imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.36,0:13:35.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The job of the librarian\Nis to keep your hands clean,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:35.90,0:13:37.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to keep you quiet
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.49,0:13:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and to make sure that if you are late\Nreturning a book, you pay for it.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.68,0:13:48.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These are the structures\Nof society and civilization.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:48.25,0:13:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For Harry Potter, the splayed margins,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:51.78,0:13:55.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the almost manic marginalia here -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:55.60,0:13:57.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,oh, that's a good one -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.06,0:13:59.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the almost manic marginalia -
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.87,0:14:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are you taking notes? -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:01.27,0:14:05.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the almost manic marginalia of the book -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.68,0:14:08.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are you going to write\Nthat one down too? good -
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.43,0:14:10.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,give us the sense
Dialogue: 0,0:14:10.96,0:14:17.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the true imagination\Nis not to be found in the lines,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:17.24,0:14:20.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but all around the lines.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.10,0:14:24.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Levicorpus, raise the body."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.26,0:14:30.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is one of the spells\Nthat Harry Potter learns,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.13,0:14:34.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,written in the margins\Nby the Half-Blood Prince.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:34.48,0:14:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He learns the spell\Nand takes it back to his room,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.11,0:14:42.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where he suspends his friend Ron,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.46,0:14:48.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as if from an invisible cord\Nfrom the roof of the room.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.82,0:14:52.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Levicorpus, raise the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.61,0:14:56.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you grew up in a Western\NChristian tradition,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.86,0:15:01.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you would know that\N"Levicorpus, raise the body"
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.32,0:15:06.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the idiom of the very centerpiece\Nof Christian belief,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.81,0:15:10.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the resurrection, raise the body,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:10.15,0:15:14.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but also Levicorpus, raise the body.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:14.82,0:15:17.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What I have tried to suggest to you today,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:17.86,0:15:21.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the end of a day\Nfull of digital imagination,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:21.77,0:15:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full of virtual realities,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:24.01,0:15:26.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,full of professional expertise
Dialogue: 0,0:15:26.37,0:15:30.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and full of instruction\Nand success and getting ahead,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:30.32,0:15:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that the real magic of reading\Nlies in Levicorpus.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:35.68,0:15:40.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For what the true book does\Nis it raises our body;
Dialogue: 0,0:15:40.39,0:15:45.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it suspends us\Nin the fantasies of fiction.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.55,0:15:47.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The magic of the book,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:47.58,0:15:52.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,whether it is a magic\Nof digital or traditional literacy,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.95,0:15:56.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the magic of the literate imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:56.51,0:15:59.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And what I've tried\Nto suggest to you today
Dialogue: 0,0:15:59.25,0:16:02.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that by thinking\Nabout the history of the book,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.12,0:16:05.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by thinking about your own experiences,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.16,0:16:07.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you may ask yourselves,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.40,0:16:09.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Am I Ron?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.21,0:16:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Am I Hermione?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.82,0:16:13.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or "Am I Hercules?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.07,0:16:18.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Think of yourselves now in the schoolroom\Nof the Herculean imagination.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:18.50,0:16:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And the next time you enter\Na classroom or a TED Talk,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.86,0:16:29.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ask yourself, "Levicorpus,\Nhas the teacher raised the body?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:29.02,0:16:30.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in this book,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.80,0:16:33.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,am I suspended in by imagination?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.94,0:16:35.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:35.43,0:16:37.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)