0:00:07.121,0:00:08.832 It’s an incredible discovery: 0:00:08.832,0:00:14.398 an ancient, abandoned alien space station [br]filled with precursor technology. 0:00:14.398,0:00:19.808 But now, every species in the galaxy is [br]in a mad dash to get there first 0:00:19.808,0:00:22.108 and claim it for themselves. 0:00:22.108,0:00:24.694 And right away, you’ve got a problem. 0:00:24.694,0:00:28.987 Your ship’s faster-than-light jump drive [br]consumes 1 unit of fuel 0:00:28.987,0:00:31.835 for every parsec of distance it takes you, 0:00:31.835,0:00:35.263 and your ship holds only 15 units of fuel. 0:00:35.263,0:00:38.773 But the space station is 23 parsecs away, 0:00:38.773,0:00:42.871 and there’s only empty space between [br]there and here. 0:00:42.871,0:00:44.981 There’s one thing that can [br]help you, though: 0:00:44.981,0:00:48.019 dark matter fuel is stable in deep space. 0:00:48.019,0:00:51.270 That means you can vent a cache of it [br]from your fuel chamber, 0:00:51.270,0:00:54.405 and then come back to pick [br]it up again later. 0:00:54.405,0:00:57.595 Even though your ship holds [br]only 15 units of fuel, 0:00:57.595,0:01:02.565 you’ve been granted use of all 45 units [br]in your current location. 0:01:02.565,0:01:05.301 With some strategic fuel caching [br]along the way, 0:01:05.301,0:01:08.969 you might be able to [br]make it all 23 parsecs. 0:01:08.969,0:01:12.349 So how can you reach the [br]alien space station? 0:01:15.501,0:01:17.261 Answer in 3, 0:01:17.261,0:01:18.777 2, 0:01:18.777,0:01:20.445 1. 0:01:20.445,0:01:25.305 It’s possible to solve this riddle using [br]as few as two cache points, 0:01:25.305,0:01:28.572 and there are also valid solutions [br]that use more. 0:01:28.572,0:01:30.503 No matter how you go about it though, 0:01:30.503,0:01:35.483 the key is determining exactly where [br]to cache fuel along your route. 0:01:35.483,0:01:38.337 Let’s work backwards from the [br]alien space station. 0:01:38.337,0:01:40.188 To reach 23 parsecs, 0:01:40.188,0:01:44.558 you’ll have to leave the 8-parsec [br]mark with a full tank of fuel. 0:01:44.558,0:01:49.499 The 8-parsec point is too far from the [br]start to use as a cache right away; 0:01:49.499,0:01:53.662 you could jump there, but wouldn’t have [br]enough fuel to return to the start, 0:01:53.662,0:01:56.044 let alone store any for later. 0:01:56.044,0:02:00.934 So that means you’ll need to find a cache [br]somewhere between the start and 8. 0:02:00.934,0:02:02.027 But where? 0:02:02.027,0:02:04.320 There’s an interesting pattern [br]that can help. 0:02:04.320,0:02:07.405 At the start you have exactly 3 tanks’ [br]worth of fuel. 0:02:07.405,0:02:10.365 At 8 parsecs you need exactly 1. 0:02:10.365,0:02:16.039 Is there a point, which we can call [br]point X, where you could have exactly 2? 0:02:16.039,0:02:20.749 That would be useful, because then you [br]could refuel there exactly twice, 0:02:20.749,0:02:24.994 making full use of your storage capacity [br]without any waste. 0:02:24.994,0:02:26.744 Wherever point X is, 0:02:26.744,0:02:29.190 you’ll jump forward from it twice: 0:02:29.190,0:02:34.770 once to deposit some fuel at the 8-parsec [br]cache point, and a second time for good. 0:02:34.770,0:02:40.132 So you’ll jump the distance between X and [br]8-parsecs 3 times in all. 0:02:40.132,0:02:46.112 You’d have 2 tanks of fuel at point X, and[br]need 1 left at the 8 parsec cache point, 0:02:46.112,0:02:51.601 so you can spend one tank-- or 15 units-- [br]going back and forth. 0:02:51.601,0:02:55.240 Since 15 units divided by 3 trips is 5, 0:02:55.240,0:02:59.774 we can place these two cache points [br]5 parsecs apart. 0:02:59.774,0:03:04.284 Any farther, and you wouldn’t have enough [br]fuel to reach the alien space station. 0:03:04.284,0:03:09.292 So it looks like the earliest we can place[br]point X is at the 3-parsec mark. 0:03:09.292,0:03:13.777 Is it possible to transport 30 units of [br]fuel there? Let’s try. 0:03:13.777,0:03:16.527 You set out with a full tank of 15 units. 0:03:16.527,0:03:20.655 You jump 3 parsecs, drop 9 units [br]off at the cache point, 0:03:20.655,0:03:25.145 and then jump the 3 units home, [br]arriving with an empty tank. 0:03:25.145,0:03:29.807 Repeating this process gets you 18 units [br]of fuel at the cache point, 0:03:29.807,0:03:35.838 and one more jump puts you at the 3-parsec[br]cache with 30 total units of fuel. 0:03:35.838,0:03:37.549 So far so good! 0:03:37.549,0:03:40.154 Next, you jump to the 8-parsec mark, 0:03:40.154,0:03:44.784 drop off 5 units of fuel, and jump [br]back to the 3-parsec mark. 0:03:44.784,0:03:47.550 You fill up your tank and [br]jump forward again, 0:03:47.550,0:03:50.930 arriving with 10 units of [br]fuel in your tank. 0:03:50.930,0:03:52.831 And now the end is in sight. 0:03:52.831,0:03:58.141 You beam the 5 units of fuel in from deep [br]space to fill your tank to capacity, 0:03:58.141,0:04:01.285 and type in the coordinates of [br]your final destination. 0:04:01.285,0:04:04.685 A 15-parsec jump leaves you [br]running on fumes, 0:04:04.685,0:04:07.937 but ready to dock with the [br]precursor space station. 0:04:07.937,0:04:10.220 Time to put this alien tech to work 0:04:10.220,0:04:13.280 and make life better for everyone [br]in the galaxy.