WEBVTT 00:00:20.399 --> 00:00:22.131 You know, right now the statistics say there's between 00:00:22.131 --> 00:00:24.402 10 to 20 million slaves in the world and it's higher 00:00:24.402 --> 00:00:27.983 than it's ever been in the history of time 00:00:27.983 --> 00:00:32.168 and so I think people have and owe themselves that 00:00:32.168 --> 00:00:34.909 responsibility to pay attention to what's happening 00:00:34.909 --> 00:00:38.807 and to realize that, unfortunately, it is happening in your own back yard. 00:00:38.807 --> 00:00:42.946 It's so difficult how...should we catch the mouth of the snake or 00:00:42.946 --> 00:00:47.290 the middle part or the tail, you know? So where to begin and how to begin. 00:00:47.290 --> 00:00:52.689 When you go to these villages it's completely absent of two generations; it's absent of the teenage 00:00:52.689 --> 00:00:55.992 population and then the young adult population. 00:00:55.992 --> 00:01:00.565 And the reason being is because most of those individuals 00:01:00.565 --> 00:01:01.997 are in the big city working in the sex trade. 00:01:01.997 --> 00:01:05.766 It hurts me badly, in my heart, to know it's happening 00:01:05.766 --> 00:01:08.004 in the centre of the city and no one looks at it. 00:01:08.004 --> 00:01:11.608 We just pass by. We're used to passing by. 00:01:11.608 --> 00:01:16.447 Ok? And that's the cult that I see the world going, we just pass by. 00:01:16.447 --> 00:01:19.520 Everyone has a time and place to when they're going 00:01:19.520 --> 00:01:21.750 to be ready to hear these types of issues happening. 00:01:21.750 --> 00:01:24.421 But I feel like the more empowered you are, the more you aware are, 00:01:24.421 --> 00:02:09.600 the more likely you are to make a lasting solution happen. 00:02:09.600 --> 00:02:12.669 Kamathipura is the red light area of Mumbai. 00:02:12.669 --> 00:02:17.847 In this area there are many prostitutes who work with diseases 00:02:17.847 --> 00:02:24.048 so to create the diseases the red light preferred to brothels 00:02:24.048 --> 00:02:27.751 where are the diseases that put red light 00:02:27.751 --> 00:02:31.518 so they still exist. We do consider sex as work. 00:02:31.518 --> 00:02:34.090 We think, because of poverty, all women can be pushed 00:02:34.090 --> 00:02:42.402 to these kind of activities. A lot of women from Nepal or West Bengal or from the south of India 00:02:42.402 --> 00:02:51.074 they come and they are forced by the mafias and the _ by the demand 00:02:51.074 --> 00:02:57.176 Because they come from village, they don't have food where they live 00:02:57.176 --> 00:03:02.681 so they have no choice to work where they are 00:03:02.681 --> 00:03:08.320 after they abandon their village, their family will not accept them. 00:03:08.320 --> 00:03:11.738 The proper people, the pimps, the traffickers control the women, you see, 00:03:11.738 --> 00:03:15.230 in such a way that...and everyone is party to that crime, you see, 00:03:15.230 --> 00:03:20.068 the police is party to the crime; they're supported by the politicians, the criminals, the mafia and the 00:03:20.068 --> 00:03:25.041 and this is all hand in glove, you see, and what to do? 00:03:25.041 --> 00:03:28.077 So we thought of hitting the police first, you see. 00:03:28.077 --> 00:03:31.318 Because, in spite of all of the pollution within that crime, you know, 00:03:31.318 --> 00:03:35.396 they work within the...some framework they were working, you know, 00:03:35.396 --> 00:03:41.236 of so-called "rule of law". We involved an active Human Rights Commission 00:03:41.236 --> 00:03:43.927 and then we somehow tried to pursue the whole thing and tried 00:03:43.927 --> 00:03:47.503 to say whatever was happening was going against the women only. 00:03:47.503 --> 00:03:53.269 The women are not criminals, they're not accused; they're victims themselves, you know? 00:03:53.269 --> 00:03:58.707 You know? And the whole treatment is like treating them as criminals, you know? 00:03:58.707 --> 00:04:05.052 They're almost ridiculed. So it was all happening and we hit the police 00:04:05.052 --> 00:04:07.851 after the police...obviously we hit one point where the whole nexus 00:04:07.851 --> 00:04:13.529 shakes, you see? Despite all this effort, you know, 00:04:13.529 --> 00:04:19.122 at the end of the day we realized the women were still weak, you know? 00:04:19.122 --> 00:04:23.065 They could not break that cycle of slavery, you know, within the red light area. 00:04:23.065 --> 00:04:27.303 So it's more psychological also, the slavery works more psychologically, you know? 00:04:27.303 --> 00:04:32.073 So they would not speak against the brothel people, or those things or anything, you know? 00:04:32.073 --> 00:04:36.491 Because there would be no structural changes there, you know? 00:04:36.491 --> 00:04:40.897 We were not very judgemental about that whole point that women should not be in prostitution 00:04:40.897 --> 00:04:44.959 this or that, we have no...not at all that mentality about that 00:04:44.959 --> 00:04:49.691 but the only idea we always had was that the minors should not be forced into prostitution 00:04:49.691 --> 00:04:55.485 and even the major women should not be forced into it, you know? 00:04:55.485 --> 00:04:58.068 At the voluntary level they can continue with the trade. 00:04:58.068 --> 00:05:02.371 So we realized, you know, some maybe have to hit the bottle (bottom?), people send things on, you see. 00:05:02.371 --> 00:05:08.012 At times it's very admissible also, you know, it looks as if they are in agreement, you know? 00:05:08.012 --> 00:05:15.318 But it is not that way. The whole paradigm shift in the world came with 00:05:15.318 --> 00:05:22.122 the involvement of civil society in that. So in 2005, October or November, 00:05:22.122 --> 00:05:28.698 we involved like 4 or 5000 people in the rescue. It was a major rescue operation. 00:05:28.698 --> 00:05:31.821 The civil society went in. We informed the police, we informed everybody 00:05:31.821 --> 00:05:35.444 but we knew they would not come. We did all the legal exercises, see, that is required 00:05:35.444 --> 00:05:38.441 then we went in their as a civil net, as the citizens of this country, you see 00:05:38.441 --> 00:05:43.613 We cannot let it...and that is what I say: something horrible happening 00:05:43.613 --> 00:05:47.147 and then we just walk past. How is that possible, you know? 00:05:47.147 --> 00:05:50.193 And we rescued almost 50 girls from that rescue operation: 00:05:50.193 --> 00:05:57.366 girls from Nepal, from Bengal, Behad(?), you see? And, we rescued them 00:05:57.366 --> 00:06:00.770 and then we're also fighting a criminal case against the brothel people 00:06:00.770 --> 00:06:06.297 so we are fighting, as you see, we are almost fighting over 150 cases now 00:06:06.297 --> 00:06:12.653 against almost something like 450 human traffickers. 00:06:12.653 --> 00:06:17.146 We're also working on the source area, you know, to prevent human traffic. 00:06:17.146 --> 00:06:21.014 It's something that really shocked me; I became really impassioned with 00:06:21.014 --> 00:06:26.055 learning about human trafficking and joining the movement 00:06:33.887 --> 00:06:39.334 to raise awareness about human trafficking about 3 years ago. 00:06:39.334 --> 00:06:42.806 So I came to Thailand with the intention of just learning more about 00:06:42.806 --> 00:06:48.451 what was happening to women and children so it happened that 00:06:48.451 --> 00:06:52.816 I was reading books and articles and all of these different publications and 00:06:52.816 --> 00:06:57.253 it only mentioned women and children. So when I finally got to Chiang Mai and 00:06:57.253 --> 00:07:01.958 I passed the bars where all of our boys worked, I was completely shocked. 00:07:01.958 --> 00:07:09.212 And it just was this incomprehensible kind of site because I just hadn't read about it. 00:07:09.212 --> 00:07:12.901 And I got really angry and I said "Well, how come we aren't learning anything 00:07:12.901 --> 00:07:16.407 about the fact that boys are being victimized just as much as the girls are?" 00:07:16.407 --> 00:07:19.247 And the candid response that I kept getting from the community, from NGO workers 00:07:19.247 --> 00:07:23.651 was "These boys are all gonna get HIV and die so why should we care?" 00:07:23.651 --> 00:07:26.920 "Why waste our resources on these boys?" 00:07:26.920 --> 00:07:32.388 And I just thought that was so unfair that they would be so easily overlooked and so easily ignored. 00:07:32.388 --> 00:07:38.262 And the more I talked to the boys, the more they realized that society really didn't care at all about them. 00:07:38.262 --> 00:07:42.378 And that was, you know, the push behind behind starting Urban Light, 00:07:42.378 --> 00:07:45.400 was, to 1: provide services to these boys, but to also get the message out 00:07:45.400 --> 00:07:52.975 that boys should be involved in the language as part of the victims of this horrible, insidious crime 00:07:52.975 --> 00:07:59.797 that's happening all over the world, but what I'm seeing specifically in Chiang Mai and in Thailand. 00:07:59.797 --> 00:08:03.118 One thing that we've really noticed is that the definition and kind of the vision that 00:08:03.118 --> 00:08:05.755 people have when we talk about trafficking is a little bit distorted. 00:08:05.755 --> 00:08:09.525 It can come in so many different forms and in so many different ways. 00:08:09.525 --> 00:08:13.429 And the way in which our boys are victims of trafficking is that they are 00:08:13.429 --> 00:08:19.209 essentially pushed into the city life by their families so they're not essentially shackled; 00:08:19.209 --> 00:08:24.180 they're not behind bars; they're not, you know, kept inside a room. 00:08:24.180 --> 00:08:26.547 And I think that's the common misconception that a lot of people carry. 00:08:26.547 --> 00:08:29.610 Essentially they're free to come and go, so are they really in fact victims of trafficking? 00:08:29.610 --> 00:08:35.749 And we go back to the definition that if you are under 18 and you're working in the sex trade 00:08:35.749 --> 00:08:41.696 with these types of vulnerabilities and these types of, you know, push factors 00:08:41.696 --> 00:08:45.704 then, yes, you are considered a victim so the shackle then becomes 00:08:45.704 --> 00:08:50.934 the family that have that really high expectation; the shackle becomes 00:08:50.934 --> 00:08:56.273 the lack of education, the discrimination for a lot of these hill tribe people, 00:08:56.273 --> 00:09:02.464 in particular, our boys, who are mostly Agka(?) which is a hill tribe 00:09:02.464 --> 00:09:06.379 an ethnic minority, which there is a ton of villages in the northwest part of Thailand. 00:09:06.379 --> 00:09:09.968 One thing which I do not know whether you have been caught with that, I think, 00:09:09.968 --> 00:09:16.592 is the aspect of gratitude. Because we have our culture of Buddhism also 00:09:16.592 --> 00:09:26.835 gives admiration to those who are grateful children to their parents, 00:09:26.835 --> 00:09:33.006 this is the very highest merit the children can do to their parents 00:09:33.006 --> 00:09:36.009 but there are many forms of paid gratitude, you know 00:09:36.009 --> 00:09:43.653 We are taught that parents are the first god, you know. 00:09:43.653 --> 00:09:50.581 You do not go to the table at your parents' place if you do not pay 00:09:50.581 --> 00:09:53.393 respect to your own parents at home, because they are the first monk, 00:09:57.935 --> 00:10:01.702 In the old days, when the children worked very hard to help, 00:10:01.702 --> 00:10:08.912 do any kind of hard work at home, taking care of them when they get sick 00:10:08.912 --> 00:10:11.878 and, you know, things like that, this is a kind of paying the gratitude 00:10:11.878 --> 00:10:16.417 is a grateful children already. But it was, it is taught them, you know 00:10:16.417 --> 00:10:22.024 if you talk about the first monk, who's . 00:09:53.393 --> 00:09:57.935 So that is the first. You have to do something for them, to make them happy in that time. 00:10:22.024 --> 00:10:22.926 to be like money, when the world of materialism coming in. 00:10:22.926 --> 00:10:25.194 And so it's a very hush hush topic; everyone knows what`s going on, 00:10:25.194 --> 00:10:26.561 but no one will really say where the money's coming from 00:10:26.561 --> 00:10:33.166 and that becomes just a big, huge weight on a lot of these boys 00:10:33.166 --> 00:10:34.541 that I'm talking to, because they don't want anyone to know what they're doing 00:10:34.541 --> 00:10:39.160 but they just know that they're doing good because they're providing for their families. 00:10:39.160 --> 00:10:43.665 You know, in a twisted way, the boys also see them as people that want 00:10:43.665 --> 00:10:47.258 to help them; they don't see them as, the boys don't see these sex tourists 00:10:47.258 --> 00:10:49.852 as people that wanna take advantage of them. 00:10:49.852 --> 00:10:53.589 And that's a really frustrating part, is that, you know, the boys are 00:10:53.589 --> 00:10:58.252 so respectful of the men that come here. It's very much a Thai way. 00:10:58.252 --> 00:11:02.334 And they'll never talk badly about them. And, you know, I think the Johns, 00:11:41.043 --> 00:11:42.741 to this realization where they say, "You know what, I don't want 00:11:42.741 --> 00:11:43.590 In a restaurant? In a hotel? At a tour agency?" 00:11:43.590 --> 00:11:44.015 to do this anymore. I don't care if I'm not sending any money home 00:11:44.015 --> 00:11:44.440 to my mom; I just don't wanna do this." And that's when we react. 00:11:02.334 --> 00:11:06.434 That's when we really go hard and we say, "You know what, 00:11:16.712 --> 00:11:27.654 then let's go on job interviews. Where do you wanna work? 00:11:27.654 --> 00:11:31.259 then let's go on job interviews. Where do you wanna work? 00:11:06.434 --> 00:11:16.712 It's a huge challenge for us, but we know that at some point, it clicks 00:11:44.440 --> 00:11:45.774 So it really started off with just providing English. Once we started 00:11:45.774 --> 00:11:47.611 doing that, we realized that there were a ton of other services that 00:11:47.611 --> 00:11:50.582 were in need as well. We're now providing intensive case management. 00:11:50.582 --> 00:11:53.613 So that can include health services, going to the doctor, getting a physical exam, 00:11:53.613 --> 00:11:58.668 getting tested for HIV, getting STI treatment and testing, getting housing services 00:11:58.668 --> 00:12:04.165 and just different, like, different components in life that 00:12:04.165 --> 00:12:07.332 many people take for granted, but for these boys they've never had access to.