1 00:00:20,399 --> 00:00:22,131 You know, right now the statistics say there's between 2 00:00:22,131 --> 00:00:24,402 10 to 20 million slaves in the world and it's higher 3 00:00:24,402 --> 00:00:27,983 than it's ever been in the history of time 4 00:00:27,983 --> 00:00:32,168 and so I think people have and owe themselves that 5 00:00:32,168 --> 00:00:34,909 responsibility to pay attention to what's happening 6 00:00:34,909 --> 00:00:38,807 and to realize that, unfortunately, it is happening in your own back yard. 7 00:00:38,807 --> 00:00:42,946 It's so difficult how...should we catch the mouth of the snake or 8 00:00:42,946 --> 00:00:47,290 the middle part or the tail, you know? So where to begin and how to begin. 9 00:00:47,290 --> 00:00:52,689 When you go to these villages it's completely absent of two generations; it's absent of the teenage 10 00:00:52,689 --> 00:00:55,992 population and then the young adult population. 11 00:00:55,992 --> 00:01:00,565 And the reason being is because most of those individuals 12 00:01:00,565 --> 00:01:01,997 are in the big city working in the sex trade. 13 00:01:01,997 --> 00:01:05,766 It hurts me badly, in my heart, to know it's happening 14 00:01:05,766 --> 00:01:08,004 in the centre of the city and no one looks at it. 15 00:01:08,004 --> 00:01:11,608 We just pass by. We're used to passing by. 16 00:01:11,608 --> 00:01:16,447 Ok? And that's the cult that I see the world going, we just pass by. 17 00:01:16,447 --> 00:01:19,520 Everyone has a time and place to when they're going 18 00:01:19,520 --> 00:01:21,750 to be ready to hear these types of issues happening. 19 00:01:21,750 --> 00:01:24,421 But I feel like the more empowered you are, the more you aware are, 20 00:01:24,421 --> 00:02:09,600 the more likely you are to make a lasting solution happen. 21 00:02:09,600 --> 00:02:12,669 Kamathipura is the red light area of Mumbai. 22 00:02:12,669 --> 00:02:17,847 In this area there are many prostitutes who work with diseases 23 00:02:17,847 --> 00:02:24,048 so to create the diseases the red light preferred to brothels 24 00:02:24,048 --> 00:02:27,751 where are the diseases that put red light 25 00:02:27,751 --> 00:02:31,518 so they still exist. We do consider sex as work. 26 00:02:31,518 --> 00:02:34,090 We think, because of poverty, all women can be pushed 27 00:02:34,090 --> 00:02:42,402 to these kind of activities. A lot of women from Nepal or West Bengal or from the south of India 28 00:02:42,402 --> 00:02:51,074 they come and they are forced by the mafias and the _ by the demand 29 00:02:51,074 --> 00:02:57,176 Because they come from village, they don't have food where they live 30 00:02:57,176 --> 00:03:02,681 so they have no choice to work where they are 31 00:03:02,681 --> 00:03:08,320 after they abandon their village, their family will not accept them. 32 00:03:08,320 --> 00:03:11,738 The proper people, the pimps, the traffickers control the women, you see, 33 00:03:11,738 --> 00:03:15,230 in such a way that...and everyone is party to that crime, you see, 34 00:03:15,230 --> 00:03:20,068 the police is party to the crime; they're supported by the politicians, the criminals, the mafia and the 35 00:03:20,068 --> 00:03:25,041 and this is all hand in glove, you see, and what to do? 36 00:03:25,041 --> 00:03:28,077 So we thought of hitting the police first, you see. 37 00:03:28,077 --> 00:03:31,318 Because, in spite of all of the pollution within that crime, you know, 38 00:03:31,318 --> 00:03:35,396 they work within the...some framework they were working, you know, 39 00:03:35,396 --> 00:03:41,236 of so-called "rule of law". We involved an active Human Rights Commission 40 00:03:41,236 --> 00:03:43,927 and then we somehow tried to pursue the whole thing and tried 41 00:03:43,927 --> 00:03:47,503 to say whatever was happening was going against the women only. 42 00:03:47,503 --> 00:03:53,269 The women are not criminals, they're not accused; they're victims themselves, you know? 43 00:03:53,269 --> 00:03:58,707 You know? And the whole treatment is like treating them as criminals, you know? 44 00:03:58,707 --> 00:04:05,052 They're almost ridiculed. So it was all happening and we hit the police 45 00:04:05,052 --> 00:04:07,851 after the police...obviously we hit one point where the whole nexus 46 00:04:07,851 --> 00:04:13,529 shakes, you see? Despite all this effort, you know, 47 00:04:13,529 --> 00:04:19,122 at the end of the day we realized the women were still weak, you know? 48 00:04:19,122 --> 00:04:23,065 They could not break that cycle of slavery, you know, within the red light area. 49 00:04:23,065 --> 00:04:27,303 So it's more psychological also, the slavery works more psychologically, you know? 50 00:04:27,303 --> 00:04:32,073 So they would not speak against the brothel people, or those things or anything, you know? 51 00:04:32,073 --> 00:04:36,491 Because there would be no structural changes there, you know? 52 00:04:36,491 --> 00:04:40,897 We were not very judgemental about that whole point that women should not be in prostitution 53 00:04:40,897 --> 00:04:44,959 this or that, we have no...not at all that mentality about that 54 00:04:44,959 --> 00:04:49,691 but the only idea we always had was that the minors should not be forced into prostitution 55 00:04:49,691 --> 00:04:55,485 and even the major women should not be forced into it, you know? 56 00:04:55,485 --> 00:04:58,068 At the voluntary level they can continue with the trade. 57 00:04:58,068 --> 00:05:02,371 So we realized, you know, some maybe have to hit the bottle (bottom?), people send things on, you see. 58 00:05:02,371 --> 00:05:08,012 At times it's very admissible also, you know, it looks as if they are in agreement, you know? 59 00:05:08,012 --> 00:05:15,318 But it is not that way. The whole paradigm shift in the world came with 60 00:05:15,318 --> 00:05:22,122 the involvement of civil society in that. So in 2005, October or November, 61 00:05:22,122 --> 00:05:28,698 we involved like 4 or 5000 people in the rescue. It was a major rescue operation. 62 00:05:28,698 --> 00:05:31,821 The civil society went in. We informed the police, we informed everybody 63 00:05:31,821 --> 00:05:35,444 but we knew they would not come. We did all the legal exercises, see, that is required 64 00:05:35,444 --> 00:05:38,441 then we went in their as a civil net, as the citizens of this country, you see 65 00:05:38,441 --> 00:05:43,613 We cannot let it...and that is what I say: something horrible happening 66 00:05:43,613 --> 00:05:47,147 and then we just walk past. How is that possible, you know? 67 00:05:47,147 --> 00:05:50,193 And we rescued almost 50 girls from that rescue operation: 68 00:05:50,193 --> 00:05:57,366 girls from Nepal, from Bengal, Behad(?), you see? And, we rescued them 69 00:05:57,366 --> 00:06:00,770 and then we're also fighting a criminal case against the brothel people 70 00:06:00,770 --> 00:06:06,297 so we are fighting, as you see, we are almost fighting over 150 cases now 71 00:06:06,297 --> 00:06:12,653 against almost something like 450 human traffickers. 72 00:06:12,653 --> 00:06:17,146 We're also working on the source area, you know, to prevent human traffic. 73 00:06:17,146 --> 00:06:21,014 It's something that really shocked me; I became really impassioned with 74 00:06:21,014 --> 00:06:26,055 learning about human trafficking and joining the movement 75 00:06:33,887 --> 00:06:39,334 to raise awareness about human trafficking about 3 years ago. 76 00:06:39,334 --> 00:06:42,806 So I came to Thailand with the intention of just learning more about 77 00:06:42,806 --> 00:06:48,451 what was happening to women and children so it happened that 78 00:06:48,451 --> 00:06:52,816 I was reading books and articles and all of these different publications and 79 00:06:52,816 --> 00:06:57,253 it only mentioned women and children. So when I finally got to Chiang Mai and 80 00:06:57,253 --> 00:07:01,958 I passed the bars where all of our boys worked, I was completely shocked. 81 00:07:01,958 --> 00:07:09,212 And it just was this incomprehensible kind of site because I just hadn't read about it. 82 00:07:09,212 --> 00:07:12,901 And I got really angry and I said "Well, how come we aren't learning anything 83 00:07:12,901 --> 00:07:16,407 about the fact that boys are being victimized just as much as the girls are?" 84 00:07:16,407 --> 00:07:19,247 And the candid response that I kept getting from the community, from NGO workers 85 00:07:19,247 --> 00:07:23,651 was "These boys are all gonna get HIV and die so why should we care?" 86 00:07:23,651 --> 00:07:26,920 "Why waste our resources on these boys?" 87 00:07:26,920 --> 00:07:32,388 And I just thought that was so unfair that they would be so easily overlooked and so easily ignored. 88 00:07:32,388 --> 00:07:38,262 And the more I talked to the boys, the more they realized that society really didn't care at all about them. 89 00:07:38,262 --> 00:07:42,378 And that was, you know, the push behind behind starting Urban Light, 90 00:07:42,378 --> 00:07:45,400 was, to 1: provide services to these boys, but to also get the message out 91 00:07:45,400 --> 00:07:52,975 that boys should be involved in the language as part of the victims of this horrible, insidious crime 92 00:07:52,975 --> 00:07:59,797 that's happening all over the world, but what I'm seeing specifically in Chiang Mai and in Thailand. 93 00:07:59,797 --> 00:08:03,118 One thing that we've really noticed is that the definition and kind of the vision that 94 00:08:03,118 --> 00:08:05,755 people have when we talk about trafficking is a little bit distorted. 95 00:08:05,755 --> 00:08:09,525 It can come in so many different forms and in so many different ways. 96 00:08:09,525 --> 00:08:13,429 And the way in which our boys are victims of trafficking is that they are 97 00:08:13,429 --> 00:08:19,209 essentially pushed into the city life by their families so they're not essentially shackled; 98 00:08:19,209 --> 00:08:24,180 they're not behind bars; they're not, you know, kept inside a room. 99 00:08:24,180 --> 00:08:26,547 And I think that's the common misconception that a lot of people carry. 100 00:08:26,547 --> 00:08:29,610 Essentially they're free to come and go, so are they really in fact victims of trafficking? 101 00:08:29,610 --> 00:08:35,749 And we go back to the definition that if you are under 18 and you're working in the sex trade 102 00:08:35,749 --> 00:08:41,696 with these types of vulnerabilities and these types of, you know, push factors 103 00:08:41,696 --> 00:08:45,704 then, yes, you are considered a victim so the shackle then becomes 104 00:08:45,704 --> 00:08:50,934 the family that have that really high expectation; the shackle becomes 105 00:08:50,934 --> 00:08:56,273 the lack of education, the discrimination for a lot of these hill tribe people, 106 00:08:56,273 --> 00:09:02,464 in particular, our boys, who are mostly Agka(?) which is a hill tribe 107 00:09:02,464 --> 00:09:06,379 an ethnic minority, which there is a ton of villages in the northwest part of Thailand. 108 00:09:06,379 --> 00:09:09,968 One thing which I do not know whether you have been caught with that, I think, 109 00:09:09,968 --> 00:09:16,592 is the aspect of gratitude. Because we have our culture of Buddhism also 110 00:09:16,592 --> 00:09:26,835 gives admiration to those who are grateful children to their parents, 111 00:09:26,835 --> 00:09:33,006 this is the very highest merit the children can do to their parents 112 00:09:33,006 --> 00:09:36,009 but there are many forms of paid gratitude, you know 113 00:09:36,009 --> 00:09:43,653 We are taught that parents are the first god, you know. 114 00:09:43,653 --> 00:09:50,581 You do not go to the table at your parents' place if you do not pay 115 00:09:50,581 --> 00:09:53,393 respect to your own parents at home, because they are the first monk, 116 00:09:57,935 --> 00:10:01,702 In the old days, when the children worked very hard to help, 117 00:10:01,702 --> 00:10:08,912 do any kind of hard work at home, taking care of them when they get sick 118 00:10:08,912 --> 00:10:11,878 and, you know, things like that, this is a kind of paying the gratitude 119 00:10:11,878 --> 00:10:16,417 is a grateful children already. But it was, it is taught them, you know 120 00:10:16,417 --> 00:10:22,024 if you talk about the first monk, who's . 121 00:09:53,393 --> 00:09:57,935 So that is the first. You have to do something for them, to make them happy in that time. 122 00:10:22,024 --> 00:10:22,926 to be like money, when the world of materialism coming in. 123 00:10:22,926 --> 00:10:25,194 And so it's a very hush hush topic; everyone knows what`s going on, 124 00:10:25,194 --> 00:10:26,561 but no one will really say where the money's coming from 125 00:10:26,561 --> 00:10:33,166 and that becomes just a big, huge weight on a lot of these boys 126 00:10:33,166 --> 00:10:34,541 that I'm talking to, because they don't want anyone to know what they're doing 127 00:10:34,541 --> 00:10:39,160 but they just know that they're doing good because they're providing for their families. 128 00:10:39,160 --> 00:10:43,665 You know, in a twisted way, the boys also see them as people that want 129 00:10:43,665 --> 00:10:47,258 to help them; they don't see them as, the boys don't see these sex tourists 130 00:10:47,258 --> 00:10:49,852 as people that wanna take advantage of them. 131 00:10:49,852 --> 00:10:53,589 And that's a really frustrating part, is that, you know, the boys are 132 00:10:53,589 --> 00:10:58,252 so respectful of the men that come here. It's very much a Thai way. 133 00:10:58,252 --> 00:11:02,334 And they'll never talk badly about them. And, you know, I think the Johns, 134 00:11:41,043 --> 00:11:42,741 to this realization where they say, "You know what, I don't want 135 00:11:42,741 --> 00:11:43,590 In a restaurant? In a hotel? At a tour agency?" 136 00:11:43,590 --> 00:11:44,015 to do this anymore. I don't care if I'm not sending any money home 137 00:11:44,015 --> 00:11:44,440 to my mom; I just don't wanna do this." And that's when we react. 138 00:11:02,334 --> 00:11:06,434 That's when we really go hard and we say, "You know what, 139 00:11:16,712 --> 00:11:27,654 then let's go on job interviews. Where do you wanna work? 140 00:11:27,654 --> 00:11:31,259 then let's go on job interviews. Where do you wanna work? 141 00:11:06,434 --> 00:11:16,712 It's a huge challenge for us, but we know that at some point, it clicks 142 00:11:44,440 --> 00:11:45,774 So it really started off with just providing English. Once we started 143 00:11:45,774 --> 00:11:47,611 doing that, we realized that there were a ton of other services that 144 00:11:47,611 --> 00:11:50,582 were in need as well. We're now providing intensive case management. 145 00:11:50,582 --> 00:11:53,613 So that can include health services, going to the doctor, getting a physical exam, 146 00:11:53,613 --> 00:11:58,668 getting tested for HIV, getting STI treatment and testing, getting housing services 147 00:11:58,668 --> 00:12:04,165 and just different, like, different components in life that 148 00:12:04,165 --> 00:12:07,332 many people take for granted, but for these boys they've never had access to.