1
00:00:00,603 --> 00:00:03,177
Do you remember these
glow-in-the-dark little stars

2
00:00:03,177 --> 00:00:06,091
which you had on the ceiling
when you were a boy or a girl?

3
00:00:06,091 --> 00:00:07,090
Yes?

4
00:00:07,324 --> 00:00:08,320
It is light.

5
00:00:08,554 --> 00:00:09,735
It is pure light.

6
00:00:09,735 --> 00:00:11,884
I think I've been staring
at them way too long

7
00:00:11,884 --> 00:00:13,680
when I was a five-year-old, you know?

8
00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:14,681
It's so beautiful.

9
00:00:14,681 --> 00:00:15,681
No energy bill,

10
00:00:15,681 --> 00:00:17,656
no maintenance;

11
00:00:17,656 --> 00:00:18,657
it is there.

12
00:00:18,657 --> 00:00:19,672
So two years ago,

13
00:00:19,672 --> 00:00:20,814
we went back to the lab,

14
00:00:20,814 --> 00:00:22,050
making it more durable,

15
00:00:22,050 --> 00:00:23,136
more light-emitting,

16
00:00:23,136 --> 00:00:24,281
with the experts.

17
00:00:24,540 --> 00:00:25,595
And at the same time,

18
00:00:25,595 --> 00:00:28,245
we got a request from this guy --

19
00:00:28,245 --> 00:00:29,156
Van Gogh --

20
00:00:29,156 --> 00:00:30,847
the famous Van Gogh Foundation,

21
00:00:30,847 --> 00:00:34,823
who wanted to celebrate
his 125th anniversary in the Netherlands.

22
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And they came to me and asked,

23
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"Can you make a place

24
00:00:38,637 --> 00:00:42,206
where he feels more alive again
in the Netherlands?"

25
00:00:42,206 --> 00:00:43,743
And I liked that question a lot,

26
00:00:43,743 --> 00:00:44,743
so in way,

27
00:00:44,743 --> 00:00:47,916
we sort of started to connect
these two different worlds.

28
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This is how my brain works,

29
00:00:50,395 --> 00:00:51,521
by the way.

30
00:00:52,183 --> 00:00:54,563
Oh, I would love to keep on
doing this for an hour,

31
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but OK --

32
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(Laughter)

33
00:00:56,563 --> 00:00:58,275
And this is the result that we made:

34
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a bicycle path which charges
at daytime via the sun,

35
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and glows at night,

36
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up to eight hours.

37
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(Applause)

38
00:01:05,144 --> 00:01:06,136
Thank you.

39
00:01:06,526 --> 00:01:10,916
Hinting towards a future
which should be energy friendly,

40
00:01:10,916 --> 00:01:12,635
and linking up the local grounds

41
00:01:12,635 --> 00:01:15,897
as Van Gogh literally walked
and lived there in 1883.

42
00:01:15,897 --> 00:01:17,957
And you can go there every night for free,

43
00:01:17,957 --> 00:01:19,013
no ticket needed.

44
00:01:19,228 --> 00:01:22,280
People experience the beauty
of cycling through the starry night,

45
00:01:22,280 --> 00:01:24,643
thinking about green energy, safety --

46
00:01:24,643 --> 00:01:28,358
I want to create places
where people feel connected again.

47
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And it was somehow great
to make these projects happen

48
00:01:31,935 --> 00:01:32,935
with the industry,

49
00:01:32,935 --> 00:01:34,748
with the infrastructure companies.

50
00:01:34,748 --> 00:01:37,177
[So when these .... ....] 
which started to call --

51
00:01:37,177 --> 00:01:39,058
how much for 10 kilometers?

52
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Yeah, really,

53
00:01:40,432 --> 00:01:42,358
that's a weird call you're going to get,

54
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but it's fascinating

55
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that this is not just some
sort of one-off, nice-to-have special.

56
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I think this kind of creative thinking,

57
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these kinds of connections --

58
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it's the new economy.

59
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World Economic Forum,

60
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the think tank in Geneva,

61
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made an interview with a lot
of smart people all around the world,

62
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asking what are the top 10 skills
you and I need to become successful.

63
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And what is interesting,

64
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what you see here --

65
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it's not about money,

66
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or being really good in C++,

67
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although these are great skills to have,

68
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I have to admit.

69
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But look at number three:

70
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creativity.

71
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Number two:

72
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critical thinking.

73
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Number one:

74
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problem-solving --

75
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complex problem-solving.

76
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All the things that robots
or a computer is really bad at.

77
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And this makes me very optimistic,

78
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very hopeful for the new world,

79
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that as we will live
in this [hypertechnological] world,

80
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our human skills --

81
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our desire for empathy,

82
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our desire for curiosity,

83
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our desire for beauty --

84
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will be more appreciated again,

85
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and we will live in a world
where creativity is our true capital.

86
00:02:46,789 --> 00:02:48,047
And a process like that --

87
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a creative process like that,

88
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I don't know how it works for you,

89
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but in my brain it always
starts with a question:

90
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why?

91
00:02:55,884 --> 00:02:58,515
Why does a jellyfish emit light?

92
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Or a firefly?

93
00:02:59,810 --> 00:03:01,877
Or why do be accept pollution?

94
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This is from my room
in Beijing three years ago.

95
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Left image is a good day --

96
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Saturday.

97
00:03:06,699 --> 00:03:08,793
I can see the cars
and the people, the birds;

98
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life is OK in a dense urban city.

99
00:03:11,451 --> 00:03:13,416
And on the right image --

100
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holy moly.

101
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Pollution.

102
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Complete layers.

103
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I couldn't even see
the other side of the city.

104
00:03:19,976 --> 00:03:21,691
And this image made me really sad.

105
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This is not the bright future
we envision here at TED;

106
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this is the horror.

107
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[We live five- to six-years shorter,]

108
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children have lung cancer
when they're six years old.

109
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And so in a weird, beautiful way,

110
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I, at that moment, became
inspired by Beijing smog.

111
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And the governments all around the world
are fighting their war on smog,

112
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but I wanted to make something
within the now,

113
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and so we decided to build
the largest smog vacuum cleaner

114
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in the world.

115
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So it sucks up polluted air,

116
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cleans it,

117
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and then releases it.

118
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And we built the first one.

119
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So it sucks up 30,000
cubic meters per hour,

120
00:03:57,656 --> 00:03:59,089
cleans it on the nano level,

121
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the PM2.5, PM10 particles,

122
00:04:01,414 --> 00:04:03,502
using very litle electricity,

123
00:04:03,502 --> 00:04:05,638
and then releasing the clean air

124
00:04:05,638 --> 00:04:07,032
so we have parks,

125
00:04:07,032 --> 00:04:12,487
playgrounds which are 55 to 75 percent
more clean than the rest of the city.

126
00:04:13,085 --> 00:04:14,588
(Applause)

127
00:04:14,588 --> 00:04:15,592
Yes!

128
00:04:16,271 --> 00:04:20,558
And every month of so,

129
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it opens like a spaceship --

130
00:04:24,472 --> 00:04:26,409
like a Marilyn Monroe with the --

131
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well, you know what,

132
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anyway.

133
00:04:28,408 --> 00:04:29,414
(Laughter)

134
00:04:29,414 --> 00:04:30,888
So this ...

135
00:04:30,888 --> 00:04:32,835
this is the stuff we are capturing.

136
00:04:33,271 --> 00:04:35,215
This is Beijing smog.

137
00:04:35,760 --> 00:04:37,283
This is in our lungs right now.

138
00:04:37,283 --> 00:04:38,760
If you live next to a highway,

139
00:04:38,760 --> 00:04:40,681
it's the same as 17 cigarettes per day.

140
00:04:41,010 --> 00:04:42,022
Are we insane?

141
00:04:42,022 --> 00:04:43,761
When did we say yes to that?

142
00:04:44,028 --> 00:04:47,439
And we had buckets
of this disgusting material

143
00:04:47,439 --> 00:04:48,840
in our studio,

144
00:04:48,840 --> 00:04:50,836
and on a Monday morning
we were discussing.

145
00:04:50,836 --> 00:04:53,028
We were like, "Shit,
what should we do with it?

146
00:04:53,028 --> 00:04:54,240
Should we throw it away?"

147
00:04:54,240 --> 00:04:55,444
Like, like, "help!"

148
00:04:55,444 --> 00:04:56,629
And then we realized --

149
00:04:56,629 --> 00:04:57,628
no, no, no, no, no,

150
00:04:57,628 --> 00:04:59,268
waste should not exist.

151
00:04:59,268 --> 00:05:01,646
Waste for one should be
food for the other.

152
00:05:02,422 --> 00:05:04,574
So here, maybe show it around.

153
00:05:04,919 --> 00:05:06,769
Do not put this in your coffee.

154
00:05:07,106 --> 00:05:10,527
And we realized that 42 percent
is made out of carbon,

155
00:05:10,527 --> 00:05:11,650
and carbon of course,

156
00:05:11,650 --> 00:05:12,894
under high pressure,

157
00:05:12,894 --> 00:05:14,918
you get ...

158
00:05:14,918 --> 00:05:15,924
diamonds,

159
00:05:15,924 --> 00:05:16,922
yes.

160
00:05:16,922 --> 00:05:17,937
So, inspired by that,

161
00:05:17,937 --> 00:05:20,633
we compress it for 30 minutes --

162
00:05:20,633 --> 00:05:21,670
(Carbon compressing)

163
00:05:21,670 --> 00:05:23,873
and making smog-free rings.

164
00:05:24,383 --> 00:05:25,976
And so by sharing --

165
00:05:25,976 --> 00:05:26,976
yeah, really --

166
00:05:26,976 --> 00:05:28,540
And so by sharing a ring,

167
00:05:28,540 --> 00:05:31,104
you donate 1,000 cubic meters of clean air

168
00:05:31,104 --> 00:05:32,768
to the city where the tower is in.

169
00:05:33,070 --> 00:05:34,066
(Applause)

170
00:05:34,066 --> 00:05:35,319
I have one here --

171
00:05:35,319 --> 00:05:36,522
(Applause)

172
00:05:36,522 --> 00:05:39,389
A little floating cube.

173
00:05:40,233 --> 00:05:41,337
I will give one to you.

174
00:05:41,337 --> 00:05:42,533
I'm not going to propose,

175
00:05:42,533 --> 00:05:43,528
don't worry.

176
00:05:43,528 --> 00:05:44,527
(Laughter)

177
00:05:45,012 --> 00:05:46,013
Are we good?

178
00:05:46,013 --> 00:05:47,500
You can show it around.

179
00:05:47,500 --> 00:05:48,698
And we put this online --

180
00:05:48,698 --> 00:05:49,704
Kickstarter campaign,

181
00:05:49,704 --> 00:05:50,702
crowdfunding.

182
00:05:50,792 --> 00:05:52,605
And people started to preorder it,

183
00:05:52,605 --> 00:05:53,630
but more importantly,

184
00:05:53,630 --> 00:05:55,243
they started to prepay it.

185
00:05:55,459 --> 00:05:58,852
So the finance we made with the jewelry
helped us to realize,

186
00:05:58,852 --> 00:06:00,477
to build the first tower.

187
00:06:00,948 --> 00:06:02,047
And that's powerful --

188
00:06:02,047 --> 00:06:03,676
so [in a way it was the excavator]

189
00:06:03,676 --> 00:06:04,760
it was the enabler.

190
00:06:04,760 --> 00:06:06,392
Also the feedback from community;

191
00:06:06,392 --> 00:06:08,126
this is a wedding couple from India,

192
00:06:08,126 --> 00:06:11,067
where he proposed to her
with the smog-free ring

193
00:06:11,067 --> 00:06:12,511
as a sign of true beauty,

194
00:06:12,511 --> 00:06:14,034
as a sign of hope.

195
00:06:14,304 --> 00:06:16,165
And she said yes.

196
00:06:16,165 --> 00:06:17,174
(Laughter)

197
00:06:17,922 --> 00:06:20,700
I love this image so much
for a lot of different reasons.

198
00:06:21,759 --> 00:06:22,762
(Laughter)

199
00:06:22,762 --> 00:06:25,179
And right now the project
is touring through China.

200
00:06:25,179 --> 00:06:28,090
Actually, we have the support
of China's [central] government.

201
00:06:28,090 --> 00:06:31,489
So the first goal is to create
local, clean-air parks,

202
00:06:31,489 --> 00:06:33,372
and that works already quite well --

203
00:06:33,372 --> 00:06:35,354
55, 75 percent more clean.

204
00:06:35,656 --> 00:06:37,029
And at the same time,

205
00:06:37,029 --> 00:06:38,450
we team up with the NGO's,

206
00:06:38,450 --> 00:06:39,638
with the governors,

207
00:06:39,638 --> 00:06:40,938
with the students,

208
00:06:40,938 --> 00:06:41,986
with the tech people,

209
00:06:41,986 --> 00:06:43,656
to say, "Hey, what do we need to do

210
00:06:43,656 --> 00:06:45,329
to make a whole city smog-free?"

211
00:06:45,329 --> 00:06:47,096
It's about the dream of clean air.

212
00:06:47,096 --> 00:06:48,120
We do workshops.

213
00:06:48,120 --> 00:06:49,348
New ideas pop up.

214
00:06:49,493 --> 00:06:51,579
These are smog-free bicycles which --

215
00:06:51,579 --> 00:06:52,577
I'm Dutch, yes?

216
00:06:52,577 --> 00:06:54,763
I have this bicycle DNA
inside of me somewhere.

217
00:06:54,763 --> 00:06:56,493
And so it sucks up polluted air,

218
00:06:56,493 --> 00:06:58,031
it cleans it and releases it --

219
00:06:58,031 --> 00:06:59,548
in the fight against the car,

220
00:06:59,548 --> 00:07:01,453
in the celebration of the bicycle.

221
00:07:01,453 --> 00:07:05,550
And so right now we're working
on a sort of "package deal" so to speak,

222
00:07:05,550 --> 00:07:06,552
where we say,

223
00:07:06,552 --> 00:07:09,031
"smog-free towers, smog-free rings,"

224
00:07:09,031 --> 00:07:11,408
we go to the mayors
or the governors of this world,

225
00:07:11,408 --> 00:07:15,563
and say, "we can guarantee
a short-term reduction of pollution

226
00:07:15,563 --> 00:07:17,670
between 20 and 40 percent,

227
00:07:17,670 --> 00:07:19,408
please sign here right now."

228
00:07:19,591 --> 00:07:20,589
Yes?

229
00:07:20,945 --> 00:07:22,695
(Applause)

230
00:07:22,695 --> 00:07:23,815
Thank you.

231
00:07:25,545 --> 00:07:30,247
So it's all about connecting
new technology with creative thinking.

232
00:07:30,496 --> 00:07:32,370
And if you start thinking about that,

233
00:07:32,370 --> 00:07:34,647
there is so much you can imagine,

234
00:07:34,647 --> 00:07:36,291
so much more you can do.

235
00:07:36,291 --> 00:07:38,197
We worked on dance floors

236
00:07:38,197 --> 00:07:40,556
which produce electricity
when you dance on it.

237
00:07:40,812 --> 00:07:42,095
We did a design for that --

238
00:07:42,095 --> 00:07:43,259
2008.

239
00:07:43,450 --> 00:07:45,333
So it moves eight or nine millimeters,

240
00:07:45,333 --> 00:07:46,800
produces 25 watts.

241
00:07:47,035 --> 00:07:50,803
The electricity that we generate
is used for the lighting or the DJ booth.

242
00:07:51,056 --> 00:07:53,744
So some of the sustainability
is about doing more,

243
00:07:53,744 --> 00:07:55,431
not about doing less,

244
00:07:55,431 --> 00:07:56,941
but also on a larger scale,

245
00:07:56,941 --> 00:07:57,941
the Netherlands --

246
00:07:57,941 --> 00:07:58,938
where I'm from --

247
00:07:58,938 --> 00:08:00,239
we live below sea level.

248
00:08:00,398 --> 00:08:02,530
So because of these beauties,

249
00:08:02,530 --> 00:08:03,639
the Afsluitdijk --

250
00:08:03,639 --> 00:08:05,470
32 kilometers,

251
00:08:05,470 --> 00:08:08,180
built by hand in 1932 --

252
00:08:08,180 --> 00:08:09,971
we live with the water,

253
00:08:09,971 --> 00:08:11,525
we fight with the water,

254
00:08:11,525 --> 00:08:13,695
we try to find harmony,

255
00:08:13,695 --> 00:08:15,596
but sometimes we forget.

256
00:08:16,163 --> 00:08:18,384
And therefore we made WATERLICHT,

257
00:08:18,384 --> 00:08:20,577
a combination of LED's and lenses,

258
00:08:20,577 --> 00:08:23,084
which show how high
the water level would be --

259
00:08:23,084 --> 00:08:24,930
global change --

260
00:08:24,930 --> 00:08:26,291
if we stop.

261
00:08:26,478 --> 00:08:29,133
If today we all go home and we say,

262
00:08:29,133 --> 00:08:31,578
"Oh, whatever, somebody else
will do it for us,"

263
00:08:31,578 --> 00:08:33,622
or we wait or government or whatever,

264
00:08:33,622 --> 00:08:35,388
you know, we're not going to do that.

265
00:08:35,388 --> 00:08:36,389
It goes wrong.

266
00:08:36,389 --> 00:08:39,041
And we place this in public spaces
all around the world.

267
00:08:39,180 --> 00:08:41,050
Thousands of people showed up.

268
00:08:41,050 --> 00:08:42,046
(Applause)

269
00:08:42,046 --> 00:08:43,098
Thank you.

270
00:08:44,133 --> 00:08:45,713
You're too nice, you're too nice.

271
00:08:45,713 --> 00:08:47,349
That's not good for [a designer].

272
00:08:47,702 --> 00:08:49,834
So thousands of people showed up,

273
00:08:49,834 --> 00:08:51,691
and some actually were scared.

274
00:08:51,691 --> 00:08:52,685
And they left;

275
00:08:52,685 --> 00:08:54,991
they experienced the floods in 1953.

276
00:08:54,991 --> 00:08:56,287
And others were mesmerized.

277
00:08:56,287 --> 00:08:58,240
Can we make floating cities?

278
00:08:58,240 --> 00:09:01,621
Can we generate electricity
from the change in tides?

279
00:09:02,044 --> 00:09:05,104
So I think it's so important
to make experiences --

280
00:09:05,104 --> 00:09:09,089
collective experience where people
feel connected with a vision,

281
00:09:09,089 --> 00:09:10,176
with a future,

282
00:09:10,176 --> 00:09:11,946
and triggering what is possible.

283
00:09:12,916 --> 00:09:14,216
At the same time,

284
00:09:14,216 --> 00:09:16,714
you know these kinds of things,

285
00:09:16,714 --> 00:09:18,433
they're not easy, yes?

286
00:09:18,782 --> 00:09:20,059
It's a struggle.

287
00:09:20,059 --> 00:09:21,674
And what I experienced in my life

288
00:09:21,674 --> 00:09:24,125
is that a lot of people say
they want innovation,

289
00:09:24,125 --> 00:09:26,867
and they want the next
and the new, the future,

290
00:09:26,867 --> 00:09:29,927
but the moment you present a new idea,

291
00:09:29,927 --> 00:09:31,703
there's this weird tendency

292
00:09:31,703 --> 00:09:37,683
to reply to every new idea
starting with two words ...

293
00:09:37,683 --> 00:09:40,044
which is ...

294
00:09:40,044 --> 00:09:41,194
No, not "how much?"

295
00:09:41,194 --> 00:09:42,304
It's more annoying.

296
00:09:42,304 --> 00:09:43,304
(Laughter)

297
00:09:43,304 --> 00:09:44,304
What is it, guys?

298
00:09:44,304 --> 00:09:46,024
Or you are really blessed --

299
00:09:46,024 --> 00:09:47,024
that's really good.

300
00:09:47,024 --> 00:09:48,244
"Yes, but," very good.

301
00:09:48,244 --> 00:09:50,544
"Yes, but it's too expensive,
it's too cheap,

302
00:09:50,544 --> 00:09:51,934
it's too fast, it's too slow,

303
00:09:51,934 --> 00:09:53,554
it's too beautiful, it's too ugly,

304
00:09:53,554 --> 00:09:54,554
it cannot be done,

305
00:09:54,554 --> 00:09:55,554
it already exists."

306
00:09:55,554 --> 00:09:58,574
I have heard everything about the same
project in the same week.

307
00:09:58,574 --> 00:10:00,714
And I got really, really annoyed.

308
00:10:00,714 --> 00:10:01,984
I got a bit of gray hair,

309
00:10:01,984 --> 00:10:05,324
started to dress in black
like a true architect --

310
00:10:05,324 --> 00:10:07,624
(Laughter)

311
00:10:07,624 --> 00:10:09,414
and one morning I woke up and I said,

312
00:10:09,414 --> 00:10:11,144
"Daan, stop.

313
00:10:11,144 --> 00:10:12,394
This is dragging you down.

314
00:10:12,394 --> 00:10:14,064
You have to do something with this.

315
00:10:14,064 --> 00:10:15,784
You have to use it as an ingredient,

316
00:10:15,784 --> 00:10:16,804
as a component."

317
00:10:16,804 --> 00:10:18,984
And so we decided to build,

318
00:10:18,984 --> 00:10:23,274
to realize the famous "Yes, but" chair.

319
00:10:23,274 --> 00:10:26,644
(Laughter)

320
00:10:26,644 --> 00:10:28,844
And this is an existing chair
by Friso Kramer,

321
00:10:28,844 --> 00:10:29,984
a Dutch design,

322
00:10:29,984 --> 00:10:32,824
but we gave it a little "update,"

323
00:10:32,824 --> 00:10:34,774
a little "hack," so to speak.

324
00:10:34,774 --> 00:10:39,294
And so we placed a little voice
recognition element right here,

325
00:10:39,294 --> 00:10:42,154
and so the moment you sit on that chair,

326
00:10:42,154 --> 00:10:45,464
and you say those two horrible,

327
00:10:45,464 --> 00:10:50,964
[creative-destructive,]
annoying little words ...

328
00:10:50,964 --> 00:10:52,754
you get a short,

329
00:10:52,754 --> 00:10:55,974
but pretty intense

330
00:10:55,974 --> 00:10:58,684
little shock on the back side
of your bottom.

331
00:10:58,684 --> 00:10:59,864
(Laughter)

332
00:10:59,864 --> 00:11:01,574
(Applause)

333
00:11:01,574 --> 00:11:04,344
And that works --

334
00:11:04,344 --> 00:11:05,344
yeah, that works.

335
00:11:05,344 --> 00:11:06,764
So some clients have left us,

336
00:11:06,764 --> 00:11:08,044
they got really mad.

337
00:11:08,044 --> 00:11:10,124
Fortunately, the good ones have stayed.

338
00:11:10,124 --> 00:11:12,534
And of course we also
apply it to ourselves.

339
00:11:12,534 --> 00:11:13,844
But ladies and gentlemen,

340
00:11:13,844 --> 00:11:15,484
let's not be afraid.

341
00:11:15,712 --> 00:11:17,210
Let's be curious, yes?

342
00:11:17,425 --> 00:11:18,593
And you know,

343
00:11:18,593 --> 00:11:20,167
walking through TED in these days

344
00:11:20,167 --> 00:11:21,642
and hearing the other speakers,

345
00:11:21,642 --> 00:11:24,134
and feeling the energy of the crowds,

346
00:11:24,134 --> 00:11:28,540
I was remembering this quote
of the Canadian author Marshall McLuhan

347
00:11:28,540 --> 00:11:30,592
who once famously said,

348
00:11:30,592 --> 00:11:32,571
"On spacecraft earth,

349
00:11:32,571 --> 00:11:34,106
there are no passengers.

350
00:11:34,106 --> 00:11:36,581
We are all crew."

351
00:11:37,026 --> 00:11:39,379
And I think this so beautiful.

352
00:11:39,379 --> 00:11:40,881
This is so beautiful.

353
00:11:40,881 --> 00:11:42,178
We're not just consumers;

354
00:11:42,178 --> 00:11:43,183
we're makers.

355
00:11:43,183 --> 00:11:44,243
We make decisions,

356
00:11:44,243 --> 00:11:45,365
we make new inventions,

357
00:11:45,365 --> 00:11:46,705
we make new dreams.

358
00:11:47,076 --> 00:11:52,470
And I think if we start implementing
that kind of thinking even more

359
00:11:52,470 --> 00:11:54,551
within today,

360
00:11:54,551 --> 00:11:57,536
there's still a whole new world
to be explored.

361
00:11:58,580 --> 00:11:59,583
All right,

362
00:11:59,583 --> 00:12:00,580
thank you.

363
00:12:00,580 --> 00:12:02,235
(Applause)

364
00:12:02,235 --> 00:12:03,241
Thank you.