[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.00,0:00:16.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[upbeat music]
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.23,0:00:21.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Narrator: Alright guys, so this \Nvideo is going to get into the basics of
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.96,0:00:26.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alpine Glaciers remember we talked about\NAlpine Glaciers before break and we said
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.42,0:00:30.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that Alpine Glaciers are glaciers that\Nwere exclusively in the mountains.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.15,0:00:32.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll talk about continental glaciers a \Nlittle bit later on.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:32.85,0:00:35.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,During this video you should make sure\Nyou get some good notes on these things
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.77,0:00:39.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here, we're going to do some intro and\Nbasic stuff, but we're going to mainly
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.09,0:00:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,focus on the erosional features of \NAlpine Glaciers and we'll also get into
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.72,0:00:47.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what happens after the ice melts in a\Nglacier, what do you see in the ground
Dialogue: 0,0:00:47.52,0:00:49.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after all that ice melt in the glacier.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.48,0:00:53.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We'll talk about what Moraines are, get a\Nquick introduction, again make sure you
Dialogue: 0,0:00:53.45,0:00:56.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,get really good notes here, we're going to\Ncover those notes again in class, we'll
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.67,0:01:00.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,look at a whole bunch of examples in\Nclass, a whole bunch of pictures, I don't
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.46,0:01:04.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,have any fancy demos or anything to put\Ninto this video to incorporate like
Dialogue: 0,0:01:04.63,0:01:08.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the last few, uh, just because, well, you\Nknow, we're not in the mountains here,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.92,0:01:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we're in flat lands so it's hard for me\Npull all that stuff together.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.89,0:01:14.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, let's go ahead and get into it, if you\Nhave any questions feel free to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.54,0:01:17.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,send me an email, I'll get back to you\Nas soon as I can.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:17.91,0:01:22.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alright, let's take a look at this \Nglacial landscape here, all of this was
Dialogue: 0,0:01:22.22,0:01:25.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,formed by ice, everything you're taking a\Nlook at here and something you need to
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.92,0:01:29.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,keep in mind here is that these mountains\Ndidn't start out sharp and jagged
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.15,0:01:34.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like this, these mountains transformed\Ninto this kind of landscape over many
Dialogue: 0,0:01:34.42,0:01:39.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,thousands of years of weathering because\Nof the glaciers that covered
Dialogue: 0,0:01:39.11,0:01:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this whole area.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.13,0:01:43.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, the glaciers that you're looking at \Nright now are much smaller
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.63,0:01:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than they used to be, how can I tell?
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.51,0:01:49.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Because I'm looking at this big, massive,\NU-shaped valley right here.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:49.50,0:01:54.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A glacier bulldozed its way down the\Nside of the mountain and made this big,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.61,0:01:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,huge U-shaped valley, that's something \Nthat's very characteristic of glaciers
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.19,0:02:03.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is as they move down the mountain in \Nresponse to gravity and internal
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.14,0:02:08.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plastic flow, basil slip, the things we've\Ntalked about in class, they bulldoze a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.09,0:02:12.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,huge U-shaped valley going down the side\Nof the mountain, there's another one here
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.22,0:02:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,off to the left, and you can also tell\Na glacier came down here because
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.76,0:02:20.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the big mountain water channel, so a\Nglacier was here, the terminus is about
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.98,0:02:25.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right here, right now, but it covers all\Nof this at one time and that's kind-of
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.15,0:02:29.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what's difficult to imagine here,\Nis that this was once a rounded top
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.24,0:02:34.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,mountain and then a glacier came by and\Nthrough erosional processes, like ice
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.54,0:02:38.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wedging and abrasion, it knocked all that\Ndown and made these
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.23,0:02:39.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sharp jagged peaks.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.65,0:02:43.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What we are going to do is, we're going to\Ngo ahead and identify what some of the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.11,0:02:47.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,things in here are, define some vocab\Nwords and we going to come back to the
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.08,0:02:49.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,picture and see if you can spot them out.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:49.84,0:02:53.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alright, so let's go ahead and get\Ninto it, get your notes ready.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.04,0:02:56.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alright, so let's go ahead and get into\Nsome of this vocab, we're going to cover a
Dialogue: 0,0:02:56.32,0:02:57.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,few things here on this slide.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.79,0:03:02.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,First of all, I already defined it, the\Nmain glacier, this is the biggest part of
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.28,0:03:06.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the glacier right there, and then we have\Nsome tributary glaciers down here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.63,0:03:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So just like rivers, a tributary glacier \Nis a smaller glacier
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.54,0:03:12.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that feeds into a larger glacier.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.77,0:03:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you didn't get that down from the\Nprevious slide, make sure you got it.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.81,0:03:20.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's our big U-shaped valley, this big\Nerosional valley that the, uh,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.68,0:03:25.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,main glacier formed as it bulldozed its\Nway down the mountain, and now we're going
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.26,0:03:28.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to also start with a few of the other\Nwords that are here, like this one right
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.90,0:03:36.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,here, Cirque, C I R Q U E, cirque; and\Nhere's a cirque right up here, and there's
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.56,0:03:42.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,another cirque here, and there's another\Ncirque over here and what cirques are,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.13,0:03:45.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,are bowl shaped depressions that form \Nbecause of ice wedging.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.97,0:03:49.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So, what you need to picture is that you\Nhave this rounded mountain and there was
Dialogue: 0,0:03:49.78,0:03:55.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a crack in the mountain, a glacier kind-of\Nwiggled its way into-- or some water
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.45,0:04:02.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,wiggled its way into that fracture there,\Ngot cold, froze, expand, got bigger,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.58,0:04:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then eventually this process is going\Nto keep on happening where you get this
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.36,0:04:12.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,massive piece of ice embedded into the\Nside of the mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:12.54,0:04:15.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's going to make the mountain a little\Nbit less rounded, it's going to make it
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.81,0:04:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,sharp, it's going to make it jagged, but\Nwhat you're going to wind up with is this
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.38,0:04:22.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,bowl shaped depression in the side of the\Nmountain right here
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.41,0:04:25.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's what a cirque is.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.10,0:04:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Alright, next we have this word right \Nhere, it's called an Arête, it's a French
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.74,0:04:32.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,word which is why it has the little \Ncarrot up there, at least
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.90,0:04:33.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think its French.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.90,0:04:40.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Um, and an Arête is this ridge right its\Nthese ridges that separate these small
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.91,0:04:45.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,tributary glacial valleys right here,\Nall these little ridges that we have
Dialogue: 0,0:04:45.65,0:04:50.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,going on right here, these are Arêtes,\Nand these again are erosional ridges
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.49,0:04:56.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and again, our mountain kind-of started\Nout like this at some point, erosion took
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.16,0:05:03.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over and we wound up with these separated \Nvalleys, these separated glacial valleys,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.13,0:05:10.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,divided by this high ridge right here and\Nthat's what an Arête is, it's in a ridge
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.22,0:05:15.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that's formed by erosion and it generally \Nseparates smaller glacial valleys.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.32,0:05:19.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's go ahead and take a look here,\Nhere's an Arête, here's another Arête
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.22,0:05:24.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,coming up, and here's another Arête coming\Nup, and when they all join you get a horn,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.76,0:05:29.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and a horn is basically a pointed top to a\Nmountain to a glacial mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.02,0:05:33.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So here's an Arête coming up here, here's\Nan Arête coming up here, here's an
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.12,0:05:37.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Arête coming up here, so this is also\Na horn, it's a pointed
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.78,0:05:40.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,top to a glacial mountain.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.11,0:05:45.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, remember again, it used to be like\Nthis, but erosion took over mainly
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.28,0:05:49.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,ice wedging and abrasion and we wound up\Nwith this pointed top mountain
Dialogue: 0,0:05:49.87,0:05:52.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right here and that would be a horn.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:52.64,0:05:52.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,.